CN218080583U - Indexable shallow hole drill inner edge blade with self-centering function - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of drill bits used in combination with cutter parts or cutters for completing additional processing, and discloses an indexable shallow hole drill inner edge blade with a self-centering function, wherein the blade body is divided into a first blade and a second blade along the rotation axis of the blade body, the first blade and the second blade are both provided with a main cutting edge and an auxiliary cutting edge for drilling, and the auxiliary cutting edge and the main cutting edge are symmetrical in a 180-degree rotation angle; the intersection point part of the inner side connecting line of the main cutting edge and the auxiliary cutting edge and the rotary axis is provided with a V-shaped groove. The unbalance bounce of the drill bit is well restrained, the swing of the cutter bar is limited, the flexural deformation of the shallow hole drill is reduced, the radial unbalance force is reduced, the balance and stability of the shallow hole drill cutter during drilling are further enhanced, and the aims of increasing the drilling depth, prolonging the service life of the cutter and improving the drilling quality are fulfilled.

Description

Indexable shallow hole drill inner edge blade with self-centering function

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the drill bit that combines to use with the cutter part or the cutter of accomplishing additional processing, especially, relate to an indexable shallow hole bores inner edge blade with from centering function.

Background

Turning, milling, planing, grinding, drilling and boring are common cutting machining processes in machining, wherein drilling accounts for a large proportion. According to statistics, hundreds of millions of drills are consumed worldwide every year, and in the automobile manufacturing industry in the United states, the proportion of a drilling process in machining accounts for about 50 percent; in the aircraft industry, the drilling process accounts for a higher percentage. Although drill bits are used so extensively, it is well known that drilling is one of the most complex machining methods.

A twist drill (commonly known as a drill) widely used in modern industrial processing is a tool for processing a hole of a real workpiece with a complex shape, and is born more than one hundred years ago. Compared with drilling tools such as a taper shank drill and the like, the efficient cutting performance of the shallow hole drill is very obvious, and the occupied market share is gradually increased.

Shallow hole drills are also commonly called U drills, violent drills and water injection drills, the bottom of each shallow hole drill is provided with a water outlet hole, the drilling depth is conventionally 2-5 times of the diameter of a cutter, and deep holes 7 times of the diameter can be machined under the condition that the cutter is high in stability. The shallow hole drill is widely applied in machining factories at present, and is widely applied to the fields of precision die machining, automobiles, aviation and mechanical machining, and medical treatment, such as machining of a shell of a turbocharger in the automobile industry. The shallow hole drill is widely applied to engine host factories and energy engineering abroad, while the application in China is limited to large engine host factories and some engineering enterprises with great strength at the early stage, and the reason is that the foreign shallow hole drill is too high in price and is not suitable for low-added-value production and manufacturing in the manufacturing industry of China. With the rapid development of equipment manufacturing industry in China, for example, shallow hole drill cutters are widely applied to processing through holes in the production process of train wheels. The product is mainly made of 50Mn and 65Mn alloy steel, 10-30 through blind holes with different numbers need to be drilled in each circle according to specifications and used for tapping bottom holes or ball mounting holes and the like. The shallow hole drill exerts the advantage of high-speed cutting, can drill holes on a numerical control machine tool quickly and stably, and the effective hole distance between the shallow hole drill and the taper shank drill is as shown in the figure 1. As can be seen in fig. 1, the drill point of the shallow hole drill is closer to the flat bottom drill, which lengthens the effective pitch. In addition, the blade of the shallow hole drill is convenient to replace, does not need to be additionally polished, can be installed and used, does not need secondary school buses after the school buses are finished and the worn blade is replaced randomly, and is one of the reasons why the shallow hole drill can be widely applied.

However, the shallow hole drill has disadvantages in the drilling process, many tool manufacturers can produce shallow hole drill products, but the quality of the hard alloy blades of the shallow hole drill is uneven, and the main reason is that the existing shallow hole drill cannot effectively solve the problem of unbalance generated in the deep hole drilling process. Shallow hole bores and divides interior sword and outer sword, and the structure is natural asymmetric, and when the drilling depth reached 3 times of cutter diameter and above, owing to lack centering structure, radial inhomogeneity can be more obvious, and along with the increase of drilling depth, this kind of unbalance is more serious, directly leads to the vibration amount of deflection of drill bit part too big, influences the aperture, the quality precision and the roughness of shallow hole brill drilling.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a solve, the drill bit polarization that shallow hole bored and exist when the drilling degree of depth is great, or high rotational speed is serious, radial force is too big, bending deformation is serious, the poor scheduling problem of drilling process dynamic balance nature, the existence of these problems can arouse that drilling in-process drill bit vibration is serious, the noise is big, and then causes the unfavorable phenomenon such as the aperture quality of processing is poor, the circularity is not enough, IT precision level is not enough and roughness is too big. The utility model discloses carry out innovative design to the interior sword blade of shallow hole drill, through the drilling around the gyration pivot of two cutting edges of interior sword blade, the material that does not get rid of that is located under the cutter axis of revolution produces the extrusion force to the drilling cutter, and the mode of action is similar to the thimble effect. The structure can ensure the processing quality of the surface of the material while ensuring that the material is removed rapidly and in a large quantity, and avoids the problems of unbalanced radial force, serious eccentricity and the like caused by the overlarge radial vibration of the cutter. The technical scheme is as follows:

the indexable shallow hole drill inner edge blade with the self-centering function is provided with a blade body, the blade body is divided into a first blade and a second blade along the rotation axis of the blade body, the first blade and the second blade are both provided with a main cutting edge and an auxiliary cutting edge for drilling, and the auxiliary cutting edge and the main cutting edge are symmetrical in a 180-degree rotation angle; the intersection point part of the inner side connecting line of the main cutting edge and the auxiliary cutting edge and the rotary axis is provided with a V-shaped groove.

In one embodiment, the insert body is of a regular quadrilateral structure, the insert body is provided with an upper surface, a lower surface and side surfaces, a screw hole penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface is formed in the insert body, four main cutting edges are formed by intersecting ridge lines of the upper surface and the side surfaces of the insert body, and the four main cutting edges respectively correspond to four sides of a regular quadrilateral with the four side surfaces.

In one embodiment, the main cutting edge and the minor cutting edge are each provided with an inclination of 4-6 ° to the horizontal.

In one embodiment, the axial distance between the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge is equal to the thickness of the inner edge blade, and the structure that the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge cut in a matched mode is formed.

In one embodiment, a chip breaker groove is arranged at the intersection line of the front face of the main cutting edge and the front face of the cutter, and chips are cut off through the chip breaker groove structure to ensure the precision of a machined surface;

and the secondary cutting edge is provided with a secondary chip-reversing line which is used for cutting off chips generated by cutting of the secondary cutting edge and is used as a direction line with the highest flow speed when the chips are removed.

To the technical problem that above-mentioned prior art exists and the degree of difficulty of solving this problem, combine closely the utility model discloses an in technical scheme and the research and development process that will protect result and data etc. analyze in detail, deeply the utility model discloses technical problem how technical scheme solves, some that bring after the solution problem possess creative technological effect, the concrete description is as follows:

first, the utility model discloses a need use with the cooperation of shallow hole brill cutter arbor, install interior, two outer blades at the tool bit portion of shallow hole brill, wherein outer blade is the same with conventional drilling blade, can through standardized purchase, and interior blade adopts the utility model relates to a "but sword blade in indexable shallow hole brill with from centering function", this blade has the function of automatic centering in the drilling, the unbalance of the suppression drill bit that can be fine is beated, the excessive swing of restriction cutter arbor, the flexural deformation who alleviates the shallow hole brill has reduced radial unbalance force, and then has strengthened the equilibrium and the stability of shallow hole brill cutter when drilling, reaches the increase drilling degree of depth, extension cutter life, improves the purpose of drilling quality.

Second, the main cutting edge is provided with V type recess with the crossing point part of axis of gyration with the inboard line of secondary cutting edge, this recess can guarantee that the centre of gyration of shallow hole drill bit when the drilling coincides all the time with the axis of gyration of drill bit, the swing of restriction cutter arbor, the skew centre of gyration of drill bit when reducing the drilling, the vibration that radial force arouses greatly, the dynamic unbalance scheduling problem, the design of this structure is used and is need not extra spare part support supplementary, just can make this blade have fine self-centering effect at the drilling in-process, especially at high rotational speed, can play fine problem that the flexural deformation that slows down the drill bit is big when the drilling degree of depth is big, reduce radial component, prevent to vibrate too big. The balance and stability of the shallow hole drilling tool during drilling are enhanced, and the purposes of increasing the drilling depth, improving the drilling efficiency, prolonging the service life of the tool and improving the drilling quality are achieved. The design of the self-centering structure enables the drilling tool to have the characteristics of large drilling depth, high machining efficiency, long service life of the tool and good machining precision/quality.

Third, the utility model discloses fine suppression the unbalanced of drill bit is beated, has restricted the swing of cutter arbor, has alleviateed the flexural deformation of shallow hole brill, has reduced radial unbalanced force, and then has strengthened the equilibrium and the stability of shallow hole brill cutter when drilling, reaches the purpose that increases the drilling degree of depth, extension cutter life, improvement drilling quality.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure;

FIG. 1 is a comparison of effective hole spacing for a shallow hole drill and a taper shank drill provided by the prior art;

fig. 2 is an oblique view of an inner-edge blade provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a reverse side view of an inner blade provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a front view of an inner blade provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an inner-edge blade according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. screw holes; 2. a main cutting edge; 3. a rake face; 4. a chip pouring groove; 5. the intersection line of two rear cutter faces of the indexable insert; 6. a chip falling streamline; 7. an auxiliary chip pouring line; 8. a secondary cutting edge; 9. a cutter back face; 9-1, an auxiliary cutting back tool face; 9-2, main-auxiliary cutting transition surface; 10. the front side of the cutter; 11. a rotation axis; 12. the reverse side of the cutter; 13. a chip breaker groove; 14. a blade body; 14-1, a first blade; 14-2, a second blade; A. initial contact points of the inner edge blade and the workpiece; B. and (5) a thimble point in the drilling process.

Detailed Description

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be embodied in many other forms different from the embodiments described herein and similar modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and it is therefore not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

The utility model discloses lie in overcoming the not enough of prior art, solve the technical scheme that its technical problem adopted and be: the indexable shallow hole drilling inner edge insert with the self-centering function comprises an insert body 14, wherein the insert body 14 is divided into a first insert 14-1 and a second insert 14-2 by a rotation axis 11 along the rotation center direction of the insert body 14, the volume of the first insert 14-1 is obviously larger than that of the second insert 14-2, the cutting edge of the first insert 14-1 is a main cutting edge 2, the main cutting edge 2 is longer and plays a main drilling role, a secondary cutting edge 8 on the second insert 14-2 plays a drilling role, and the secondary cutting edge 8 and the main cutting edge 2 are symmetrical in a rotation angle of 180 degrees; the intersection point part of the inner side connecting line of the main cutting edge 2 and the auxiliary cutting edge 8 and the rotary axis 11 is provided with a V-shaped groove, the V-shaped groove can ensure that the rotary center of a drill bit and the rotary axis 11 of the drill bit coincide all the time when the shallow hole drill drills, the problem that the drill bit deviates from the rotary center when drilling is reduced, the self-centering effect is good, the deflection problem of the drill bit can be well relieved when the rotating speed is high and the drilling depth is large, the radial force is reduced, and the overlarge vibration is prevented.

As shown in fig. 2 to 5, as can be seen from the oblique view (fig. 2), the blade body 14 has a regular quadrilateral structure as a whole, and mainly includes: the cutting tool comprises a screw hole 1, a main cutting edge 2, a rake face 3, a chip-removing groove 4, an auxiliary cutting edge 8 and a tool rear face 9; the insert body 14 has upper, lower surfaces and side surfaces; the blade body 14 is provided with a screw hole 1 penetrating the upper and lower surfaces; the intersecting ridge lines of the upper surface and the side surfaces of the blade body 14 form four main cutting edges 2, and the four main cutting edges 2 respectively correspond to four sides of a regular quadrangle of the four side surfaces; the auxiliary cutting edges 8 are distributed at the symmetrical positions of 180 degrees with the main cutting edge 2, the auxiliary cutting edges 8 also have the cutting function, and form an inclination angle of 4-6 degrees with the horizontal direction like the main cutting edge 2, and the axial distance between the two cutting edges is equal to the thickness of the inner edge blade, so that the structural form of matched cutting of the main cutting edge 2 and the auxiliary cutting edges 8 is formed. Namely, the included angle between the main cutting edge 2 and the auxiliary cutting edge 8 is less than 180 degrees, and the structure is in an inverted V shape. The intersection line of the front face 3 of the main cutting edge 2 and the front face 10 of the tool is a chip breaker groove 13, chips are cut off through the chip breaker groove 13, and the precision of a machined face is guaranteed. The chips cut by the secondary cutting edge 8 are broken by the secondary chip-reversing line 7 and taken as a direction line along which the flow speed is the fastest when the chips are removed.

Redesigning a tool rear cutter face 9, wherein a rotation center line 11 is a rotation center line of a shallow hole drill in a drilling process, the tool is divided into a long side and a short side by taking the rotation center line as a boundary, the long side retains the original structural form of the rear cutter face, the short side is designed into a structural form which is axially symmetrical to the main cutting edge 2, and the part forms a secondary cutting edge 8, namely the secondary cutting edge 8 is formed by intersecting a secondary cutting rear cutter face 9-1 of the secondary cutting edge 8 and a tool reverse side 12, the secondary cutting edge 8 can also play a cutting role but has a cutting amount smaller than that of the main cutting edge 2, the four secondary cutting edges 8 respectively correspond to four sides of four side-face regular quadrangles, and two tool rear cutter faces 9 of two adjacent main cutting edges 2 intersect to form an intersection line 5 of the two rear cutter faces of the indexable tool; the length of the secondary cutting edge 8 is shorter than that of the main cutting edge 2, the main cutting edge 2 mainly plays a drilling effect, and the point A is an initial contact point of the inner edge blade and a workpiece in the cutting process and is a starting point of the blade contacting with the workpiece and starting cutting. A main-auxiliary cutting transition surface 9-2 is arranged between the rear cutter surface of the main cutting edge 2 and the auxiliary cutting rear cutter surface 9-1; the auxiliary cutting rear knife face 9-1 where the auxiliary cutting edge 8 is located, the cutter rear knife face 9 where the main cutting edge 2 is located and the main-auxiliary cutting transition face 9-2 can form a space V-shaped groove structure on the blade, the top point of the V-shaped groove structure is a point B, the point B is a thimble point in the drilling process, a conical boss can be formed on the surface of a workpiece in the drilling process by the groove, the axis of the boss is coincident with the rotation axis 11 of the inner edge blade, the top point of the boss and the cutter contact point are the thimble point B in the drilling process, and the boss is directly matched with the bottom face of the inner edge blade to achieve the purpose of fixing the rotation center of the drill bit and the coincidence of the rotation center. The chips generated during drilling will be discharged along the chip-reversing flow lines 6 via the chip-reversing grooves 4 to the chip flute portions of the shallow hole drill shank, and finally flow out of the hole being machined with the coolant.

When viewed from the front of the insert (fig. 4), the intersection of the rake face 3 and the flank face of the shallow hole drill is not perpendicular to the centre of rotation, and the inclination of the main cutting edge 2 to the horizontal is 4-6 °. The cutter is characterized in that the cutter is divided into a first cutter 14-1 and a second cutter 14-2 which are different in size by a rotation center as seen along the direction of a rotation center line 11 of the cutter, wherein the cutting edge of the first cutter 14-1 is longer and plays a main drilling role, the cutting edge of the second cutter 14-2 is located at a symmetrical position which forms a rotation angle of 180 degrees with a long cutting edge, a V-shaped groove is arranged at the intersection point of the inner side connecting line of the main cutting edge 2 and the secondary cutting edge 8 and the rotation axis 11, the V-shaped groove can ensure that the rotation center of a drill and the rotation axis 11 of the drill are always coincided when the shallow hole drill drills, the swing of a cutter bar is limited, the problems that the drill deviates from the rotation center during drilling, the vibration caused by large radial force is large, the dynamic unbalance and the like are solved, the cutter has a good self-centering effect in the drilling process without supporting and assisting of extra parts, the cutter can play a good role in slowing down the problem of large deflection deformation of the drill especially at high rotation speed and large drilling depth, the radial component force is reduced, and the excessive vibration is prevented. The balance and stability of the shallow hole drilling tool during drilling are enhanced, and the purposes of increasing the drilling depth, improving the drilling efficiency, prolonging the service life of the tool and improving the drilling quality are achieved. The design of the self-centering structure ensures that the drilling tool has the characteristics of large drilling depth, high machining efficiency, long service life of the tool and good machining precision/quality.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An indexable shallow hole drilling inner edge insert with a self-centering function is characterized in that the indexable shallow hole drilling inner edge insert with the self-centering function is provided with an insert body (14), the insert body (14) is divided into a first insert (14-1) and a second insert (14-2) along a rotation axis (11) of the insert body (14), a main cutting edge (2) and an auxiliary cutting edge (8) for drilling are arranged on the first insert (14-1) and the second insert (14-2), and the auxiliary cutting edge (8) is symmetrical to the main cutting edge (2) in a 180-degree rotation angle; the intersection part of the inner connecting line of the main cutting edge (2) and the auxiliary cutting edge (8) and the revolution axis (11) is provided with a V-shaped groove.

2. The indexable shallow hole drilling inner edge insert with the self-centering function according to claim 1, wherein the insert body (14) is of a regular quadrilateral structure as a whole, the insert body (14) is provided with an upper surface, a lower surface and side surfaces, the insert body (14) is provided with a screw hole (1) which is communicated with the upper surface and the lower surface, the intersecting ridge lines of the upper surface and the side surfaces of the insert body (14) form four main cutting edges (2), and the four main cutting edges (2) respectively correspond to four sides of the regular quadrilateral of the four side surfaces.

3. Indexable shallow hole drilling inner edge insert with self-centering function according to claim 1, characterized in that the main cutting edge (2) and the minor cutting edge (8) are each provided with an inclination of 4-6 ° to the horizontal.

4. The indexable shallow hole drilling inner edge insert with self-centering function according to claim 1, wherein the axial distance between the main cutting edge (2) and the minor cutting edge (8) is equal to the thickness of the inner edge insert, forming a structure that the main cutting edge (2) and the minor cutting edge (8) cut in cooperation.

5. The indexable shallow hole drilling inner edge insert with self-centering function according to claim 1, wherein a chip breaker groove (13) is provided at the intersection of the rake face (3) of the main cutting edge (2) and the tool front face (10), and chips are cut off by the chip breaker groove (13) to ensure the machining face precision;

and the secondary cutting edge (8) is provided with a secondary chip-reversing line (7), and the secondary chip-reversing line (7) is used for cutting chips generated by cutting of the secondary cutting edge (8) and is used as a direction line with the fastest flowing speed when the chips are removed.

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