CN218015858U

CN218015858U - Damping vibration attenuation cutter bar for deep hole machining

Info

Publication number: CN218015858U
Application number: CN202221354962.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐海昆; 徐海龙; 李革; 兰超; 锡建标; 杨河山; 薛家冰; 张兴和
Original assignee: Kunming Honggu Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Kunming Honggu Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-01
Filing date: 2022-06-01
Publication date: 2022-12-13
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-01

Abstract

The utility model discloses a deep hole machining is with damping cutter arbor, including handle of a knife, tool bit, damping unit, the tool bit is fixed in handle of a knife one end, is provided with cutter installation draw-in groove and cutter clamping mechanism on the tool bit; the damping unit comprises a mass body with density larger than that of the tool handle, a cavity extending along the axial direction is arranged in the tool handle, the mass body is arranged in the cavity and has a gap I with the inner wall of the cavity, and elastic parts are respectively abutted between two ends of the mass body and two ends of the cavity. The utility model discloses a set up the cavity at the handle of a knife, and set up the quality body in the cavity and both ends support and press the elastomer, the quality body forms axial and radial unsettled in the cavity, make the quality body do axial and radial reverse displacement in the vibration of the tool bit relatively under the damping action of elastomer, thereby open the buffering to the cutter arbor vibration, the damping effect, solve the too big and unable problem that changes of vibration natural frequency of cutter arbor instantaneous amplitude basically, and the structure is novel, the damping effect is showing, and is stable and reliable, the characteristics of cutter longe-lived.

Description

Damping vibration-damping cutter bar for deep hole machining

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the cutter, concretely relates to novel structure, damping effect are showing, reliable and stable, cutter longe-lived deep hole machining uses damping cutter arbor.

Background

Among the factors that affect the quality of machining, vibration of the machine tool and the tool is one of the important factors. In the cutting process, when vibration is generated, relative displacement can be generated between a cutter and a workpiece, so that vibration marks are generated on the processing surface, the surface quality and the performance of parts are seriously influenced, a process system can continuously bear the action of dynamic alternating load, the cutter is abraded, the service life is shortened, the connection characteristic of a machine tool is damaged, and even the cutting process can not be continuously carried out in serious cases. Particularly, in the processing of inner circles and deep holes, due to the fact that the overhang amount of the cutter bar is large in cutting, the rigidity of the cutter bar is reduced, obvious vibration can be caused to a cutter under the working conditions of high feeding, large cutting depth, large load and the like, the vibration conducted by the cutter cannot be eliminated by the long low-rigidity cutter bar, the vibration is often amplified by the superposition of self-excited vibration, the problems of large instantaneous vibration amplitude and the like exist, and the cutting precision is easily reduced during processing, so that the rejection rate of workpieces is increased.

In the prior art, the suppression and elimination of vibration can be divided into two major categories, namely a vibration control method and a cutting parameter adjustment control method. The whole cutting parameter control method can meet the requirements to a certain extent, but the requirements are difficult to meet on some special occasions such as high speed, high precision and the like. The vibration control method mainly adopts damping vibration attenuation, changes the use of novel materials and other passive vibration attenuation, and also adopts active vibration attenuation and semi-active vibration attenuation partially. At present, the active vibration reduction and semi-active vibration reduction modes are complicated in common vibration reduction structure, complex in operation, high in technical requirement and high in price in the production process, increase the production cost and are not beneficial to popularization of the active vibration reduction and semi-active vibration reduction modes in machining. The damping vibration attenuation generally needs a sealing element to seal a damping oil cavity, and has the defects of complex structure, troublesome installation, easy leakage, environmental pollution, poor stability and the like, and the novel material has larger application limitation due to high price, difficult adjustment of different frequencies and the like. Therefore, damping oil is abandoned in an oil cavity by adopting the abutting combination of the elastic body and the mass body, the mass body axially slides to realize damping, and although the structure is simpler and can also avoid leakage, only axial damping can be realized, and radial vibration cannot be weakened. Therefore, the prior art is fixed with elastomer one end, and the quality body that makes to fix at the elastomer other end forms the cantilever state to realize axial and radial damping, but its structure is comparatively complicated, not only can occupy cutter arbor cavity inner space in a large number, leads to the cavity volume increase of required cutter arbor, leads to quiet rigidity to reduce, seriously influences the damping effect, and the improper tactics ground that still can cause the vibration of adjustment moreover, therefore the debugging process is loaded down with trivial details in the use.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a damping vibration reduction cutter arbor is used in BTA that novel structure, damping effect are showing, reliable and stable, cutter longe-lived.

The purpose of the utility model is realized like this: the tool comprises a tool handle, a tool bit and a damping unit, wherein the tool bit is fixedly arranged at one end of the tool handle, and a tool mounting clamping groove and a tool clamping mechanism are arranged on the tool bit; the damping unit comprises a mass body with density larger than that of the knife handle, a cavity extending along the axial direction is arranged in the knife handle, the mass body is arranged in the cavity and has a gap I with the inner wall of the cavity, and elastic parts are respectively abutted between two ends of the mass body and two ends of the cavity.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the utility model discloses a set up the cavity at the handle of a knife, and set up the quality body in the cavity and both ends support to press the elastomer and form clearance I with the cavity inner wall, the quality body forms axial and radial unsettled state in the cavity, make the quality body can make axial and radial reverse displacement in the vibration of relative tool bit under the damping action of elastomer, thereby make the elastomer at both ends take place deformation in order to consume vibration energy, open the buffering to the tool bar vibration, the damping effect, solve the too big problem of cutter bar instantaneous amplitude basically, effectively improve the stability of cutter bar and tool bit, reach the purpose that improves cutting accuracy and cutter life.

2. Because the vibration in the cutting process mainly divide into forced vibration and self-excited vibration, the utility model discloses a support at the both ends of the quality body and press the elastomer for the cantilever type structure is both simple in comparison to the vibration of the quality body, and can also produce sufficient damping value in order to restrain the forced vibration, and the amplitude that can effectively less quality body simultaneously is in order to occupy the cavity space, thereby can improve the compactedness and the quiet rigidity of handle of a knife, makes the self-excited vibration of handle of a knife weaken, reaches the purpose of restraining two kinds of vibrations simultaneously, consequently the utility model discloses the damping effect is comparatively showing.

3. The utility model discloses need not to add damping fluid, consequently need not heavy and complicated sealing device, so the structure is comparatively simple reliable, also can not be because of leaking the polluted environment.

4. The utility model discloses a tip at the cavity sets up regulation screw and cooperation adjusting screw, then adjusting screw's double-screw bolt terminal surface supports presses on the regulating block, accessible adjusting screw adjusts the compression degree of elastomer and the axial position of quality body, adjusts damping unit's rigidity and frequency tuning, has solved the unable problem that changes of cutter arbor vibration natural frequency basically, and the cutter arbor can also adapt to different work piece materials, the different vibration intensity that cutting parameter produced moreover to can optimize the damping effect.

To sum up, the utility model has the characteristics of novel structure, damping effect are showing, reliable and stable, cutter longe-lived.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention (straight rod);

FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural view (boss + damping chamber) of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a third schematic view of the structure of the present invention (boss + damping chamber + adjusting screw + elastic block);

in the figure: 1-knife handle, 101-cavity, 102-adjusting screw hole, 103-damping cavity, 2-knife head, 201-mounting clamping groove, 202-through hole, 203-clamping screw hole, 3-mass body, 301-boss, 4-elastic piece, 5-adjusting block, 6-adjusting screw, 7-elastic block and 8-clamping handle.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto in any way, and any modification or improvement based on the teaching of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the utility model comprises a handle 1, a tool bit 2 and a damping unit, wherein the tool bit 2 is fixedly arranged at one end of the handle 1, and the tool bit 2 is provided with a tool mounting clamping groove 201 and a tool clamping mechanism; damping unit includes that density is greater than the quality body 3 of handle of a knife 1, be provided with along axially extended cavity 101 in the handle of a knife 1, quality body 3 set up in cavity 101 and have clearance I with between the inner wall of cavity 101, support respectively between the both ends of quality body 3 and the both ends of cavity 101 and press elastic component 4.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the two ends of the mass body 3 are respectively inserted into the inner holes of the elastic members 4 on the corresponding sides in an interference fit manner, or the two ends of the mass body 3 are respectively provided with a boss 301 and the boss 301 is inserted into the inner hole of the elastic member 4 in an interference fit manner.

As shown in fig. 3, an adjusting screw hole 102 communicating with a cavity 101 is provided at the front end or the rear end of the tool shank 1, a slidable adjusting block 5 is provided between an end surface near the adjusting screw hole 102 in the cavity 101 and the elastic member 4, and an adjusting screw 6 with a screw end surface abutting against the adjusting block 5 is provided on the adjusting screw hole 102.

The adjusting screw hole 102 is formed in the end face of the tool shank 1 on one side of the tool bit 2, a through hole 202 coaxial with the adjusting screw hole 102 is formed in the tool bit 2, and the adjusting screw 6 penetrates through the through hole 202 and is pressed on the end face of the adjusting block 5 in a pressing mode in threaded engagement with the adjusting screw hole 102.

An elastic block 7 is further arranged between the end face close to the adjusting screw hole 102 in the cavity 101 and the slidable adjusting block 5, and the end face of the screw rod of the adjusting screw 6 is pressed against the elastic block 7. The elastic block 7 can avoid the direct contact between the adjusting block 5 and the screw rod of the adjusting screw 6 in the axial direction, so that the movement of the elastic part 4 in the axial direction can be buffered during adjustment, and the vibration reduction effect is further improved.

The cavity 101 is arranged in the tool shank 1 close to one side of the tool bit 2. Cavity 101 is close to tool bit 2, makes the barycenter of its interior damping unit also be close to tool bit 2 to reinforcing damping unit has improved the damping effect to tool bit 2 vibration feedback under the certain circumstances of damping unit, and can reduce the damping unit under the certain circumstances of damping effect, thereby can improve the quiet rigidity of handle of a knife, further promotes the improvement of damping effect.

The middle part of cavity 101 is provided with the damping chamber 103 that is greater than both sides, 4 one end interference fit of elastic component set up in the cavity 101 outside the damping chamber 103 and the other end extends to in the damping chamber 103, the both ends of the mass body 3 respectively interference fit insert in the 4 holes of elastic component that the both ends correspond in the damping chamber 103, clearance II has between the inner wall of damping chamber 103 and the surface of the mass body 3 and elastic component 4.

And gaps III are formed between the two ends of the mass body 3 and the two ends of the damping cavity 103.

The mass body 3 is a cylindrical rod or a polygonal rod made of copper alloy and tungsten alloy, and the cavity 101 is a cylindrical or rectangular cavity; the elastic member 4 is one of a belleville spring, a compression spring, a rubber spring and an air spring.

The utility model discloses work is kept away from and the working process as follows:

as shown in fig. 3, the tool holder 1 and the tool bit 2 are fixedly connected through a connecting piece or welding, and bosses 301 at two ends of a copper alloy cylindrical rod 3 are respectively plugged into inner holes of compression springs 4 at two sides in an interference fit manner before the fixed connection, so as to form a damping unit; then, the damping unit is placed into the cavity 101 of the cutter handle 1, at least a gap is formed between the outer circle of the cylindrical rod 3 and the outer circle of one side, close to the cylindrical rod 3, of the compression spring 4 and the inner wall of the cavity 101, then the adjusting block 5 and the elastic block 7 are continuously placed into the cavity 101 in sequence, and finally the cutter head 2 is fixedly connected with the cutter handle 1, so that the adjusting block 5 compresses the end face of the compression spring 4, and the assembly of the cutter rod is completed. When the tool is used, the adjusting screw 6 is adjusted from one side of the tool bit 2 according to the material of a workpiece and the pre-cutting parameters or the vibration condition of trial cutting, so that the rigidity and the natural vibration frequency of the damping unit are adjusted, and then an appropriate tool is selected to be fixed in the mounting clamping groove 201 and fixed to finish cutting. In the cutting process, the vibration generated by the tool bit 2 can make the cylindrical rod 3 generate reverse displacement, so that the elastic bodies at the two ends deform to consume vibration energy, and the vibration reduction effect is achieved.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A damping vibration attenuation cutter bar for deep hole machining comprises a cutter handle (1), a cutter head (2) and a damping unit, wherein the cutter head (2) is fixedly arranged at one end of the cutter handle (1), and a cutter mounting clamping groove (201) and a cutter clamping mechanism are arranged on the cutter head (2); the damping unit is characterized by comprising a mass body (3) with density larger than that of the tool handle (1), a cavity (101) extending along the axial direction is arranged in the tool handle (1), the mass body (3) is arranged in the cavity (101) and has a gap I with the inner wall of the cavity (101), and elastic parts (4) are respectively pressed between the two ends of the mass body (3) and the two ends of the cavity (101).

2. The cutter bar for damping and damping vibration for deep hole processing according to claim 1, wherein two ends of the mass body (3) are respectively inserted into the inner hole of the elastic member (4) on the corresponding side in an interference fit manner, or the two ends of the mass body (3) are respectively provided with a boss (301) and the boss (301) is inserted into the inner hole of the elastic member (4) in an interference fit manner.

3. The damping and vibration-damping cutter bar for deep hole machining according to claim 2, characterized in that the front end or the rear end of the cutter handle (1) is provided with an adjusting screw hole (102) communicated with the cavity (101), a slidable adjusting block (5) is arranged between the end face close to the adjusting screw hole (102) in the cavity (101) and the elastic part (4), and the adjusting screw hole (102) is provided with an adjusting screw (6) with a screw end face pressing the adjusting block (5).

4. The damping vibration-damping cutter bar for deep hole machining according to claim 3 is characterized in that the adjusting screw hole (102) is formed in the end face of the cutter handle (1) on one side of the cutter head (2), a through hole (202) coaxial with the adjusting screw hole (102) is formed in the cutter head (2), and the adjusting screw (6) penetrates through the through hole (202) and is pressed against the end face of the adjusting block (5) in threaded engagement with the adjusting screw hole (102).

5. The cutter bar of claim 3 for deep hole machining with damping and vibration attenuation, characterized in that an elastic block (7) is further arranged between the end surface near the adjusting screw hole (102) and the slidable adjusting block (5) in the cavity (101), and the end surface of the screw rod of the adjusting screw (6) is pressed against the elastic block (7).

6. The damped vibration damping tool shank for deep hole machining according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the cavity (101) is arranged in the shank (1) on the side close to the tool bit (2).

7. The damping vibration attenuation cutter bar for deep hole machining according to claim 6 is characterized in that a damping cavity (103) larger than two sides is arranged in the middle of the cavity (101), one end of the elastic element (4) is arranged in the cavity (101) outside the damping cavity (103) in an interference fit mode, the other end of the elastic element extends into the damping cavity (103), two ends of the mass body (3) are respectively inserted into inner holes of the elastic element (4) corresponding to two ends in the damping cavity (103) in an interference fit mode, and gaps II are formed among the inner wall of the damping cavity (103), the mass body (3) and the outer surface of the elastic element (4).

8. The tool bar for damping vibration of deep hole processing according to claim 7, characterized in that a gap III is provided between both ends of the mass body (3) and both ends of the damping cavity (103).

9. The damping vibration attenuation cutter bar for deep hole machining according to claim 6 is characterized in that the mass body (3) is a cylindrical bar or a polygonal bar of copper alloy and tungsten alloy, and the cavity (101) is a cylindrical or rectangular cavity; the elastic part (4) is one of a butterfly spring, a compression spring, a rubber spring and an air spring.