CN217934562U - Optical fiber laser - Google Patents
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- CN217934562U CN217934562U CN202222183064.2U CN202222183064U CN217934562U CN 217934562 U CN217934562 U CN 217934562U CN 202222183064 U CN202222183064 U CN 202222183064U CN 217934562 U CN217934562 U CN 217934562U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model discloses fiber laser is disclosed. The optical fiber laser comprises a polarization-maintaining laser seed source and an amplifying unit; the polarization-maintaining laser seed source comprises a first reflection unit, a first beam combiner, a first active optical fiber, a polarization modulation unit, a first cladding power stripper and a second reflection unit which are sequentially connected; the pumping input end of the first beam combiner is also connected with a first pumping source; the first reflecting unit is used for reflecting the laser beam, and the second reflecting unit is used for transmitting the laser beam; the polarization maintaining laser seed source is used for outputting seed laser; the output end of the second reflection unit is connected with the first end of the amplification unit, and the seed laser is output from the second end of the amplification unit after passing through the amplification unit. By the technical scheme, the laser output with high polarization extinction ratio and high power can be realized, and the application range of the optical fiber laser is widened.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to laser technical field, especially relate to a fiber laser.
Background
From the last 90 s, fiber lasers have been developed rapidly and widely used in the fields of industrial processing, metallurgy, communication, detection, medical treatment and the like. Compared with other types of lasers, the fiber laser has the advantages of high efficiency, good beam quality, high brightness, convenience in heat management, compact and flexible structure and the like, and can obtain laser output with high power and high beam quality. At present, a single optical fiber realizes 1-3kW near-single-mode output, but most of optical fiber lasers reported at present are random polarization output, and the optical fiber lasers with random polarization output cannot meet application requirements in certain occasions with special requirements on laser polarization states, such as the fields of laser communication, high-precision sensing, gravitational wave detection, coherent detection, secondary harmonic generation, optical parametric oscillation, beam synthesis and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the present invention provides a fiber laser to provide a high power fiber laser with high polarization extinction ratio.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a fiber laser, including polarization maintaining laser seed source and amplification unit;
the polarization-maintaining laser seed source comprises a first reflection unit, a first beam combiner, a first active optical fiber, a polarization modulation unit, a first cladding power stripper and a second reflection unit which are sequentially connected; the pumping input end of the first beam combiner is also connected with a first pumping source;
the first reflection unit is used for reflecting the laser beam, and the second reflection unit is used for transmitting the laser beam; the polarization maintaining laser seed source is used for outputting seed laser;
the output end of the second reflection unit is connected with the first end of the amplification unit, and the seed laser is output from the second end of the amplification unit after passing through the amplification unit.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an optical fiber laser, including polarization maintaining laser seed source and amplification unit; the polarization-maintaining laser seed source comprises a first reflection unit, a first beam combiner, a first active optical fiber, a polarization modulation unit, a first cladding power stripper and a second reflection unit which are sequentially connected; the pumping input end of the first beam combiner is also connected with a first pumping source; the first reflecting unit is used for reflecting the laser beam, and the second reflecting unit is used for transmitting the laser beam; the polarization maintaining laser seed source is used for outputting seed laser; the output end of the second reflection unit is connected with the first end of the amplification unit, and the seed laser is output from the second end of the amplification unit after passing through the amplification unit. By the technical scheme, the laser output with high polarization extinction ratio and high power can be realized, and the application range of the optical fiber laser is widened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber laser provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an output spectrum of a fiber laser according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a variation of output power stability of an optical fiber laser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of them.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fiber laser, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber laser provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the fiber laser includes a polarization maintaining laser seed source 1 and an amplifying unit 2; the polarization-maintaining laser seed source 1 comprises a first reflection unit 3, a first beam combiner 4, a first active optical fiber 5, a polarization modulation unit 6, a first cladding power stripper 7 and a second reflection unit 8 which are connected in sequence; the pumping input end of the first beam combiner 4 is also connected with a first pumping source 9; the first reflecting unit 3 is used for reflecting the laser beam, and the second reflecting unit 8 is used for transmitting the laser beam; the polarization maintaining laser seed source 1 is used for outputting seed laser; the output end of the second reflecting unit 8 is connected with the first end of the amplifying unit 2, and the seed laser is output from the second end of the amplifying unit 2 after passing through the amplifying unit 2.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the optical fiber laser includes a polarization maintaining laser seed source 1 and an amplifying unit 2, and the polarization maintaining laser seed source 1 is connected to the amplifying unit 2. The polarization maintaining laser seed source 1 is used for outputting polarization maintaining seed laser, and the amplifying unit 2 is used for amplifying the polarization maintaining seed laser so as to improve the output power of the polarization maintaining seed laser, and the polarization maintaining seed laser may be referred to as seed laser hereinafter.
With reference to fig. 1, the polarization maintaining laser seed source 1 includes a first reflection unit 3, a first beam combiner 4, a first active fiber 5, a polarization modulation unit 6, a first cladding power stripper 7, and a second reflection unit 8, which are connected in sequence. The first reflecting unit 3 is configured to reflect the laser beam, the first reflecting unit 3 is connected to a first end, i.e., an input end, of the first beam combiner 4, and the first reflecting unit 3 is configured to reflect the laser beam transmitted from the first beam combiner 4 to the first reflecting unit 3. The first beam combiner 4 further comprises a pumping input end, the polarization maintaining laser seed source 1 further comprises a first pumping source 9, the first pumping source 9 is connected with the pumping input end of the first beam combiner 4, a second end, namely an output end, of the first beam combiner 4 is connected with a first end of the first active optical fiber 5, a second end of the first active optical fiber 5 is connected with a first end of the polarization modulation unit 6, and the polarization state of the laser beam in the resonant cavity can be better ensured due to the existence of the polarization modulation unit 6, so that the polarization extinction ratio is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, a second end of the polarization modulation unit 6 is connected to a first end of the first cladding power stripper 7, a second end of the first cladding power stripper 7 is connected to an input end of a second reflection unit 8, and the second reflection unit 8 is used for transmitting the laser beam. The second reflection unit 8 has a semi-transmitting and semi-reflecting function, and the first reflection unit 3 and the second reflection unit 8 form a resonant cavity of the polarization-maintaining laser seed source 1. The first cladding power stripper 7 can absorb the residual pump light and improve the beam quality of the emergent laser, the laser beam transmitted by the first cladding power stripper 7 forms seed laser after passing through the second reflection unit 8, and the seed laser enters the amplification unit 2.
The working process of the polarization maintaining laser seed source 1 is as follows: under the excitation action of the first pump source 9, the population of the laser energy level in the first active fiber 5 is inverted, and the polarization-maintaining seed laser is formed through the modulation of the polarization modulation unit 6, the first cladding power stripper 7 and the second reflection unit 8. The resonant cavity formed by the devices is a straight cavity, and the scheme of the straight cavity can reduce the setting cost of the optical fiber laser to the maximum extent.
Further, the output end of the second reflection unit 8 is connected with the first end, i.e., the input end, of the amplification unit 2, the seed laser output by the second reflection unit 8 enters the amplification unit 2 and is output by the second end, i.e., the output end, of the amplification unit 2, the amplification unit 2 can optically amplify the seed laser, the output power of the output laser is improved, and the high-power output of the optical fiber laser is realized. Because the laser of exportable high power, high polarization extinction ratio, the embodiment of the utility model provides a fiber laser all has high application prospect in fields such as remote sensing, laser communication, high accuracy sensing, coherent detection, optical parameter oscillation and beam synthesis.
Optionally, to the specific setting mode of first reflection unit, first active optical fiber, polarization modulation unit, second reflection unit and amplification unit in above-mentioned embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited, and those skilled in the art can set according to actual requirements, and any one implementation mode that can realize the respective function of above-mentioned device is all in the technical solution scope of the embodiment protection of the present invention.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a fiber laser, including polarization maintaining laser seed source and amplifying unit; the polarization-maintaining laser seed source comprises a first reflection unit, a first beam combiner, a first active optical fiber, a polarization modulation unit, a first cladding power stripper and a second reflection unit which are sequentially connected; the pumping input end of the first beam combiner is also connected with a first pumping source; the first reflecting unit is used for reflecting the laser beam, and the second reflecting unit is used for transmitting the laser beam; the polarization maintaining laser seed source is used for outputting seed laser; the output end of the second reflection unit is connected with the first end of the amplification unit, and the seed laser is output from the second end of the amplification unit after passing through the amplification unit. By the technical scheme, the laser output with high polarization extinction ratio and high power can be realized, and the application range of the optical fiber laser is widened.
Alternatively, in some possible embodiments, the first and second reflection units may be reflection gratings. For example, the first reflection unit may include a first reflection grating, and the second reflection unit may include a second reflection grating; the reflectivity of the first reflection grating is greater than or equal to 99%, and the reflectivity of the second reflection grating is 5% -10%.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first reflection unit may be a first reflection grating, i.e., a high anti-polarization maintaining grating, and the second reflection unit may be a second reflection grating, i.e., a low anti-polarization maintaining grating. The reflectivity of the first reflection grating is greater than or equal to 99% so as to reflect as much laser beams as possible, and the reflectivity of the second reflection grating can be 5% -10% so as to transmit most laser beams.
The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific setting parameters of the first reflection grating and the second reflection grating, and the skilled person can further select them according to the actual requirements, for example, the first reflection grating can be a 1550nm high-reflectivity polarization-maintaining grating, and the bandwidth can be 0.8nm to 2nm; the second reflection grating may be 1550nm low reflection polarization maintaining grating, and the bandwidth may be 0.2-0.5 nm, but is not limited thereto.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, be the polarization maintaining grating of low reflectivity through setting up first reflection unit, second reflection unit, the polarization modulation unit is cooperated to the polarization maintaining grating for high reflectivity polarization maintaining grating, can further promote fiber laser's polarization extinction ratio.
In other embodiments, the first reflection unit and the second reflection unit may be further configured as other devices, for example, the first reflection unit may be configured as a reflection mirror, the second reflection unit is a half mirror, and the like, but not limited thereto, it is sufficient to ensure that the laser light is reflected at the first reflection unit and partially transmitted at the second reflection unit.
Optionally, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in a possible embodiment, the polarization modulation unit 6 may include a polarization beam splitter 10, and the polarization beam splitter 10 includes an input end 101, a fast shaft end 102, and a slow shaft end 103; the input end 101 of the polarization beam splitter 10 is connected with the second end of the first active optical fiber 5, the slow shaft end 103 of the polarization beam splitter 10 is connected with the first end of the first cladding power stripper 7, and the fast shaft end 102 of the polarization beam splitter 10 is idle.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the polarization modulation unit 6 may be provided as a polarization beam splitter 10, and the polarization beam splitter 10 can split the laser beam into two orthogonal polarization states for output. The polarization beam splitter 10 comprises an input end 101, a fast axis end 102 and a slow axis end 103, wherein the input end 101 is connected with the second end of the first active optical fiber 5, the slow axis end 103 is connected with the first end of the first cladding power stripper 7, and the fast axis end 102 is idle. The laser beam input from the input end 102 is divided into two beams of polarized light with orthogonal polarization states through the polarization beam splitter 10, one beam can be output from the fast shaft end 102, the other beam can be output from the slow shaft end 103, the slow shaft end 103 of the polarization beam splitter 10 can be arranged to be connected with the first cladding power stripper 7, and the fast shaft end 102 is idle.
The polarization state adjustment of the laser beam is realized by utilizing the polarization beam splitter 10, the arrangement mode of the polarization beam splitter 10 is simple, and the laser polarization effect is good.
Optionally, in a specific embodiment, the first reflection unit may be a high-reflectivity polarization-maintaining grating, the polarization modulation unit may be a polarization beam splitter, and the second reflection unit may be a low-reflectivity polarization-maintaining grating. Through experimental tests, the seed laser output with the output power of 600mW and the polarization extinction ratio of more than 32dB can be realized by utilizing the high-reflection polarization-maintaining grating, the polarization beam splitter, the first cladding power stripper and the low-reflection polarization-maintaining grating.
Alternatively, in other possible embodiments, the polarization modulation unit may comprise a polarizer comprising an input and an output; the input end of the polarizer is connected with the second end of the first active optical fiber, and the output end of the polarizer is connected with the first end of the first cladding power stripper.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the polarization modulation unit can be set as a polarizer, the polarizer includes an input end and an output end, wherein the input end is connected to the second end of the first active optical fiber, the output end is connected to the first end of the first cladding power stripper, and the laser of the first active optical fiber outputs the polarized light meeting the requirement after passing through the polarizer, so as to obtain the polarization maintaining seed laser.
Optionally, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical fiber laser provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, in a possible embodiment, the polarization maintaining laser seed source 1 may further include an isolator 11; a first end of the isolator 11 is connected to a second end of the second reflecting unit 8, and a second end of the isolator 11 is connected to a first end of the amplifying unit 2.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the polarization maintaining laser seed source 1 may further include an isolator 11, a first end, i.e., an input end, of the isolator 11 is connected to a second end of the second reflecting unit 8, and a second end, i.e., an output end, of the isolator 11 is connected to a first end of the amplifying unit 2, where the seed laser is input to the amplifying unit 2 from the second end of the isolator 11. The isolator 11 can ensure that the oscillation light beam in the ring cavity of the laser is in a traveling wave state, so that the laser light beam in the cavity runs in a single direction, and the formation of standing waves is avoided to cause space hole burning.
The embodiment of the present invention is not limited to specific types and parameters of the isolator, and those skilled in the art can select the PM1550 isolator according to actual requirements, but not limited thereto.
Optionally, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific setting mode of the amplifying unit in the fiber laser, and those skilled in the art can set the amplifying unit according to actual requirements.
For example, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another optical fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the amplifying unit 2 may include a second cladding power stripper 21, a second active optical fiber 22, a second beam combiner 23, and a third cladding power stripper 24, which are connected in sequence; a first end of the second combiner 23 is connected to the second active fiber 22, a second end of the second combiner 23 is connected to a first end of the third cladding power stripper 24, and a second end of the third cladding power stripper 24 is a second end of the amplifying unit 2; the amplifying unit 2 further comprises at least one second pump source 25, the at least one second pump source 25 being connected to the pump input of the second combiner 23.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the amplifying unit 2 may be provided with a second cladding power stripper 21, a second active fiber 22, a second beam combiner 23, and a third cladding power stripper 24, where a first end, that is, an input end, of the second cladding power stripper 21 is connected to the second reflecting unit 8 in the polarization-maintaining laser seed source 1, a second end, that is, an output end, of the second cladding power stripper 21 is connected to a first end of the second active fiber 22, a second end of the second active fiber 22 is connected to a first end of the second beam combiner 23, a second end of the second beam combiner 23 is connected to a first end, that is, an input end, of the third cladding power stripper 24, and a second end of the third cladding power stripper 24 is a second end of the amplifying unit 2, that is, the seed laser is amplified and then output through a second end of the third cladding power stripper 24.
Wherein, with continued reference to fig. 4, the amplification unit 2 further comprises at least one second pump source 25 connected to the pump input of the second combiner 23. According to the arrangement mode, the second pumping source 25 and the second active fiber 22 form a reverse pumping structure, the amplification effect of the reverse pumping structure is good, the laser output power is high, and the output of high-power laser can be realized. Practical tests show that the laser output power of the fiber laser can reach 30W, and the polarization extinction ratio can still be kept at about 26 dB.
Alternatively, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the number of the second pump sources 25, and those skilled in the art can set the number of the second pump sources 25 according to actual requirements. Illustratively, and with reference still to FIG. 4, in one possible embodiment, the number of second pump sources 25 may be two, with both second pump sources 25 being 940nm semiconductor laser pump sources.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, can set up the quantity of second pumping source 25 and be two, two second pumping sources 25 are 940nm semiconductor laser pumping sources, and under this kind of setting mode, the 940nm semiconductor laser pumping source input second beam combiner 23 of two 50W powers, after reverse amplification, fiber laser's output can reach 30W.
Optionally, the first pump source may also be a 940nm semiconductor laser pump source, and specifically may be a 940nm semiconductor laser pump source with a power of 9W.
Optionally, first active fiber and second active fiber are polarization maintaining gain fiber, to concrete doping element, doping concentration and fiber length etc. of first active fiber and second active fiber, the embodiment of the utility model provides a do not do the restriction, technical personnel in the art can set up according to actual need.
Illustratively, the second active fiber may be an erbium doped fiber, an erbium ytterbium co-doped fiber, or a ytterbium doped fiber.
In particular, the second active fiber may be one of erbium-doped fiber, erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber, or ytterbium-doped fiber, for example, may be configured as erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber, and the length may be configured as 5.5m, but is not limited thereto.
Likewise, the first active fiber may be erbium doped fiber, erbium ytterbium co-doped fiber, or ytterbium doped fiber.
In particular, the first active fiber may be one of erbium-doped fiber, erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber, or ytterbium-doped fiber, for example, may be configured as erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber, and the length may be configured as 2.5m, but is not limited thereto.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the optical fiber used in the polarization maintaining fiber laser may be a polarization maintaining optical fiber, and the used device may be a polarization maintaining device.
Specifically, in the optical fiber laser provided in this embodiment, all the used optical fibers may adopt polarization maintaining optical fibers, and the polarization maintaining optical fibers can improve the polarization performance of the output single-frequency laser and improve the polarization extinction ratio. Furthermore, in order to realize stable single-frequency output, all the devices used by the whole fiber laser can be full polarization maintaining devices so as to avoid mode hopping caused by unstable polarization.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an output spectrum of a fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a change in stability of output power of a fiber laser provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In the fiber laser shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the first pump source and the second pump source are 940nm semiconductor laser pump sources, and the first active fiber and the second active fiber are erbium-ytterbium co-doped fibers, specifically, type IxBLUE-PM-EY-12/130; the first reflection unit is a high-reflection polarization-preserving grating with the reflectivity of more than or equal to 99 percent, and the second reflection unit is a low-reflection polarization-preserving grating with the reflectivity of 5-10 percent; the polarization modulation unit is a polarization beam splitter. Referring to fig. 5 and 6, when the output center wavelength of the fiber laser is 1550nm, the signal-to-noise ratio is 53.41dB, the side-mode suppression ratio is 52.84db, the 13db spectral width is 0.122nm, and the power stability in 1h is less than 0.7%.
It should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments illustrated herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The optical fiber laser is characterized by comprising a polarization maintaining laser seed source and an amplifying unit;
the polarization-maintaining laser seed source comprises a first reflecting unit, a first beam combiner, a first active optical fiber, a polarization modulation unit, a first cladding power stripper and a second reflecting unit which are sequentially connected; the pumping input end of the first beam combiner is also connected with a first pumping source;
the first reflection unit is used for reflecting the laser beam, and the second reflection unit is used for transmitting the laser beam; the polarization maintaining laser seed source is used for outputting seed laser;
the output end of the second reflection unit is connected with the first end of the amplification unit, and the seed laser is output from the second end of the amplification unit after passing through the amplification unit.
2. The fiber laser of claim 1, wherein the first reflecting unit includes a first reflection grating and the second reflecting unit includes a second reflection grating; the reflectivity of the first reflection grating is greater than or equal to 99%, and the reflectivity of the second reflection grating is 5% -10%.
3. The fiber laser of claim 1, wherein the polarization modulation unit includes a polarization beam splitter including an input end, a fast axis end, and a slow axis end; the input end of the polarization beam splitter is connected with the second end of the first active optical fiber, the slow shaft end of the polarization beam splitter is connected with the first end of the first cladding power stripper, and the fast shaft end of the polarization beam splitter is idle.
4. The fiber laser of claim 1, wherein the polarization modulation unit includes a polarizer including an input end and an output end; the input end of the polarizer is connected with the second end of the first active optical fiber, and the output end of the polarizer is connected with the first end of the first cladding power stripper.
5. The fiber laser of claim 1, wherein the polarization maintaining laser seed source further comprises an isolator; the first end of the isolator is connected with the second end of the second reflection unit, and the second end of the isolator is connected with the first end of the amplification unit.
6. The fiber laser of claim 1, wherein the amplifying unit comprises a second cladding power stripper, a second active fiber, a second combiner and a third cladding power stripper connected in sequence;
a first end of the second combiner is connected with the second active optical fiber, a second end of the second combiner is connected with a first end of the third cladding power stripper, and a second end of the third cladding power stripper is a second end of the amplifying unit;
the amplifying unit further comprises at least one second pump source, and the at least one second pump source is connected with the pump input end of the second beam combiner.
7. The fiber laser of claim 6, wherein the number of the second pump sources is two, and both of the second pump sources are 940nm semiconductor laser pump sources.
8. The fiber laser of claim 6, wherein the second active fiber is erbium doped fiber, erbium ytterbium co-doped fiber, or ytterbium doped fiber.
9. The fiber laser of claim 1, wherein the first active fiber is erbium doped fiber, erbium ytterbium co-doped fiber, or ytterbium doped fiber.
10. The fiber laser of claim 1, wherein the fiber used in the fiber laser is a polarization maintaining fiber and the device used is a polarization maintaining device.
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