CN217918148U - Environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage, which comprises a bottom plate, and a front plate, a rear plate, a left side plate and a right side plate which are respectively arranged at the front end, the rear end, the left side and the right side of the bottom plate, wherein the front end of the left side plate, the front end of the right side plate and the two ends of the rear plate are all provided with a hidden carriage door lock, and the two ends of the front plate, the rear end of the left side plate and the two ends of the right side plate are all provided with carriage door lock seats which are locked and arranged with the corresponding hidden carriage door locks; the environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage is made of aluminum alloy materials to form a carriage structure, so that the weight is light, and the environment is protected; and the silver white oxidation process is adopted for treatment, so that the corrosion resistance is good; the side plates such as the bottom plate, the front plate, the rear plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the like adopt a closed composite closed structure, and the strength is higher; the carriage door lock adopts the design of a hidden handle, so that the carriage door lock is safe, attractive and reliable; the carriage hinge also adopts hidden design, and is pleasing to the eye, and the equipment is convenient, and the carriage wholeness is strong.

Description

Environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a technical field of carriage structure especially relates to an environmental protection corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage.

Background

At present, semi-closed carriages in the market comprise a steel structure carriage, an aluminum alloy carriage and the like, and the aluminum alloy carriage has more advantages compared with the traditional steel structure carriage. First, the car weight is lighter, which is reduced by about 40% compared to a steel car of the same size, saving 0.42 liters of fuel per hundred kilometers. Secondly, the steel is free of maintenance and longer in service life, the surface of the steel is rapidly oxidized and rusted after paint is removed, the service life is seriously influenced, maintenance such as paint repair welding and the like is frequently needed, the aluminum alloy has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and rust resistance, any corrosion-resistant and rust-resistant treatment is not needed, high maintenance cost can be basically avoided, and the service life is prolonged by 5-10 years compared with that of a steel carriage. Thirdly, the energy is saved more and the environment is protected, and data show that 13.5kwh of electricity is needed for extracting 1kg of raw aluminum, but 3kg of steel can be replaced by 1kg of aluminum material in the automobile manufacturing process, 0.7kg of fuel can be saved by saving 1kg of material in the service cycle of the automobile, which is equivalent to saving 12800kwh of electricity, reducing 2670kg of carbon dioxide emission and saving nearly 100 times of energy.

However, most of the semi-enclosed aluminum alloy carriages on the market have some problems, which are as follows:

(1) The decklid 27 of the semi-enclosed aluminum alloy compartment is a single planar structure as shown in fig. 15. As seen from the section of the profile, the section of the profile of the carriage sideboard only has a thin-wall structure with one edge, and the profile is an unclosed structure, has weaker strength and can generate larger deformation in the use process. In addition, the edge plate only has one or two groups of reinforcing ribs, and grooves are designed on the section bar, so that the purpose of increasing the strength is achieved. When this kind of sideboard was used in the carriage of length 2 meters above, because its bending strength is limited itself, can produce the visual deformation of naked eye in the carriage sideboard use that opens and shuts, influence the life in carriage.

(2) The side plate door lock handle 28 of the semi-enclosed aluminum alloy compartment is of an exposed design and has a structure consisting of two parts, namely a lock hook 29 and a door lock handle 30, as shown in fig. 16 and 17. The carriage sideboard is buckled on the latch hook through the hasp on the handle, realizes the locking function, and this project organization is simple, and the outward appearance is single. Secondly, the side plate door lock is exposed outside the side plate, the protruding height of the side plate door lock is about 25mm, and in the driving process of an automobile or the opening and closing use process of a carriage side plate, the protruding parts of the lock hook and the door lock handle are easy to scrape and touch other objects, so that safety accidents are caused, and certain potential safety hazards exist; in addition, the appearance style of the exposed sideboard door lock is more traditional and lacks aesthetic feeling.

(3) The wrap angle 31 of most aluminum alloy carriages is designed in a split mounting mode or a single-side mode, the strength is poor, and the problems of cracking or deformation and the like can occur, as shown in fig. 18. This cornerite adopts embedded design, and the preceding return bend is installed at the carriage inboard, and the return bend has taken the space of carriage inside, has reduced the utilization ratio of carriage inner space, has certain hindrance to the customer that has the installation tool case demand.

Therefore, there is a need for improvements in semi-enclosed aluminum alloy car body structures of existing construction to optimize their performance.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage which is made of aluminum alloy materials and has a carriage structure, light weight, oil saving and environmental protection; the whole carriage structure is treated by a silver white oxidation process, so that the carriage structure has good corrosion resistance; the side plates of the bottom plate, the front plate, the rear plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the like of the carriage structure adopt a closed composite loop structure, so that the strength is higher; the carriage door lock adopts the design of a hidden handle, so that the carriage door lock is safe, attractive and reliable; the carriage hinge also adopts a hidden design, so that the appearance is attractive, the assembly is convenient, and the carriage integrity is strong; the front plate of the carriage is supported by Z-shaped aluminum materials, so that the structural strength is higher; the front plate wrap angle of the carriage adopts the integrated design, the structural strength is higher, the front plate wrap angle adopts the convex design, and the utilization rate of the internal space of the carriage is improved.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: the environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage comprises a bottom plate, and a front plate, a rear plate, a left side plate and a right side plate which are respectively arranged at the front end, the rear end, the left side and the right side of the bottom plate, wherein hidden carriage door locks are respectively arranged at the front end of the left side plate, the front end of the right side plate and at the two ends of the rear plate; the hidden carriage door lock comprises a door lock frame main body, a pull-out handle, a pull rod and a lock cylinder raised head, wherein the pull-out handle is hinged in the door lock frame main body and can be pulled out downwards, the pull rod is mounted in the door lock frame main body in a hinged mode, the lock cylinder raised head is fixedly mounted with the pull rod and protrudes out of the outer side of the door lock frame main body, a handle mounting groove matched with the pull-out handle is formed in the door lock frame main body, the specification size of the handle mounting groove is larger than that of the pull-out handle, a handle pull-out space allowing a finger to stretch into the pull-out handle is reserved between the top of the pull-out handle and the top of the handle mounting groove when the pull-out handle is completely arranged in the handle mounting groove, the pull rod is hinged to the outer side of the pull-out handle and can be accommodated in the pull-out handle, and a lock cylinder raised head notch for enabling the lock cylinder raised head to slide up and down and limiting the sliding range of the lock cylinder raised head is further formed in the door lock cylinder lock frame main body; the carriage door lock seat comprises a door lock seat body, a lock groove which is arranged corresponding to the notch of the lock core raised head and allows the lock core raised head to be clamped and installed is arranged on the door lock seat body, and the lock groove comprises a lock core raised head inlet and outlet which are larger than the specification and the size of the lock core raised head and allow the lock core raised head to be separated from the lock groove, and a lock groove opening which is communicated with the lock core raised head inlet and outlet and can allow the lock core raised head to slide in and clamp the lock core raised head to limit the lock core raised head.

Furthermore, the bottoms of the rear plate, the left side plate and the right side plate are hinged with the bottom plate through a plurality of carriage hinges; the carriage hinge include the lower hinge page or leaf of fixed mounting on the bottom plate to and insert between installation back plate and the bottom plate and with back plate bottom fixed mounting, between left side board and the bottom plate and with left side board bottom fixed mounting, between right side board and the bottom plate and with right side board bottom fixed mounting's last hinge page or leaf, all be equipped with the spout in the bottom of back plate, left side board and right side board, the nut of hiding the setting is installed in sliding in the spout, go up the hinge page or leaf and realize fixed mounting through bolt and nut and be connected.

Furthermore, the bottom plate, the front plate, the rear plate, the left side plate and the right side plate are all of a composite closed structure formed by three closed loops which are sequentially connected.

Furthermore, the two sides of the front plate are provided with front plate wrap angles, a bent pipe stretching across the top of the front plate is arranged between the front plate wrap angles on the two sides, and a supporting angle aluminum of a Z-shaped structure is fixedly arranged between the top of the bent pipe and the front plate.

Furthermore, the front plate wrap angle is of an integrated structure.

Furthermore, the back surface of the front plate wrap angle is a horizontal plate surface which is flush with the back surface of the front plate, and the front surface of the front plate wrap angle is a U-shaped plate which wraps the end part of the bent pipe and protrudes out of the front surface of the front plate.

In summary, the environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage of the utility model is made of aluminum alloy material and has a carriage structure, light weight, oil saving and environment protection; the whole carriage structure is treated by a silver white oxidation process, so that the carriage structure has good corrosion resistance; the side plates such as the bottom plate, the front plate, the rear plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the like of the carriage structure adopt a composite closed structure with a closed loop, so that the carriage structure has higher strength; the carriage door lock adopts the design of a hidden handle, so that the carriage door lock is safe, attractive and reliable; the carriage hinge also adopts a hidden design, so that the appearance is attractive, the assembly is convenient, and the carriage integrity is strong; the front plate of the carriage is supported by Z-shaped aluminum materials, so that the structural strength is higher; the front plate wrap angle of the carriage adopts the integrated design, the structural strength is higher, the front plate wrap angle adopts the convex design, and the utilization rate of the internal space of the carriage is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an environmentally friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy vehicle body according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the environmentally friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy vehicle body of the embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the environmentally friendly corrosion resistant aluminum alloy vehicle body of the embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the compartment made of the environmentally friendly corrosion resistant aluminum alloy of the embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an environmentally friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy vehicle cabin according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the environmentally friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy compartment of the embodiment 1 in another direction;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an environmentally friendly corrosion resistant aluminum alloy car with the left side plate open and the hidden car door lock open;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the other side of the environmentally friendly corrosion resistant aluminum alloy compartment with the left side panel open and the hidden compartment door lock open;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view at C of FIG. 8;

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the environmentally friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy car body of this embodiment 1 without the elbow pipe;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the hinge assembly mounted in connection with the left side panel;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the left side plate;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a side plate of a semi-enclosed aluminum alloy compartment of the prior art;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a semi-enclosed aluminum alloy passenger compartment of the prior art;

FIG. 17 is a top view of a semi-enclosed aluminum alloy car of the prior art;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a prior art semi-enclosed aluminum alloy car without an elbow;

the labels in the figures are: the hidden type car door lock comprises a bottom plate 1, a front plate 2, a rear plate 3, a left side plate 4, a right side plate 5, a hidden type car door lock 6, a car door lock seat 7, a door lock frame main body 8, a pull handle 9, a pull rod 10, a lock cylinder raised head 11, a handle mounting groove 12, a lock cylinder raised head notch 13, a door lock seat main body 14, a lock groove 15, a lock cylinder raised head inlet/outlet 16, a lock groove opening 17, a car hinge 18, a lower hinge 19, an upper hinge 20, a sliding groove 21, a nut 22, a front plate corner wrap 23, a bent pipe 24, a supporting angle aluminum 25, a bolt 26, a car side plate 27, a side plate door lock handle 28, a lock hook 29, a door lock handle 30 and a corner wrap 31.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8, fig. 9, fig. 10, and fig. 12, the environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy compartment described in this embodiment 1 includes a bottom plate 1, and a front plate 2, a rear plate 3, a left side plate 4, and a right side plate 5 which are respectively installed at the front end, the rear end, the left side, and the right side of the bottom plate, wherein the front end, and the rear end of the left side plate of the bottom plate are all provided with hidden compartment door locks 6, and the two sides of the front plate, the rear end of the left side plate, and the two ends of the right side plate are all provided with compartment door lock seats 7 which form locking installation with corresponding hidden compartment door locks; the hidden carriage door lock comprises a door lock frame main body 8, a pull-out handle 9 which is hinged in the door lock frame main body and can be pulled out downwards, a pull rod 10 which is arranged in the door lock frame main body and is hinged with the pull-out handle, and a lock cylinder raised head 11 which is fixedly arranged with the pull rod and is protruded out of the outer side of the door lock frame main body, wherein a handle mounting groove 12 which is matched with the pull-out handle is arranged on the door lock frame main body, the specification size of the handle mounting groove is larger than that of the pull-out handle, when the pull-out handle is completely arranged in the handle mounting groove, a handle pull-out space for allowing a finger to extend into the handle for pulling out the pull-out handle is reserved between the top of the pull-out handle and the top of the handle mounting groove, the pull rod is hinged with the outer side of the pull-out handle and can be accommodated in the pull-out handle, and a lock cylinder raised head opening 13 which allows the lock cylinder raised head to slide up and down and limits the sliding range of the lock cylinder raised head is also arranged on the door lock cylinder frame main body; the carriage door lock seat comprises a door lock seat body 14, a lock groove 15 which is arranged corresponding to the slotted opening of the lock cylinder raised head and allows the lock cylinder raised head to be clamped and installed is arranged on the door lock seat body, the lock groove comprises a lock cylinder raised head inlet and outlet 16 which is larger than the size of the lock cylinder raised head and allows the lock cylinder raised head to be separated out of the lock groove, and a lock groove opening 17 which is communicated with the lock cylinder raised head inlet and outlet and can allow the lock cylinder raised head to slide in and clamp the lock cylinder raised head to limit the lock cylinder raised head. The hidden carriage door lock adopts a hidden design, the pull-out handle, the pull rod and the lock cylinder convex head are all designed to be hidden in the door lock frame main body, and after a rear plate, a left side plate and a right side plate of a carriage are closed, all parts such as the pull-out handle, the pull rod and the lock cylinder convex head cannot protrude out of the edge of the carriage, so that potential safety hazards caused by exposed door locks are avoided; the lock core raised head or the pull-out handle is not easy to fall off in the using process, so that the lock core is safer and more reliable, and the reliability is higher; meanwhile, the whole carriage is more attractive and uniform.

When the hidden carriage door lock is unlocked, fingers extend into the handle pull-out space to pull out the handle outwards, the pull rod hinged with the pull-out handle is also turned downwards outwards to drive the lock cylinder raised head to slide downwards, the lock cylinder raised head is also clamped into the lock groove opening, namely the lock cylinder raised head slides downwards from the lock cylinder raised head slotted opening and the lock groove opening, and when the lock cylinder raised head slides downwards to the lock cylinder raised head inlet and outlet and finally slides out from the lock cylinder raised head inlet and outlet, a completely separated state of the lock cylinder raised head and the lock groove is formed, namely the hidden carriage door lock is separated and loosened from a carriage door lock seat, and the unlocking purpose of each plate is achieved; when the plates need to be locked, the plates are correspondingly turned up to return to the designated positions, the pull-out handle is accommodated in the hidden carriage door lock, and at the moment, the pull rod and the lock cylinder raised head can be driven to reset, namely, the lock cylinder raised head also slides upwards from the lock cylinder raised head inlet and outlet into the top position of the lock groove opening, and the like, so that locking is realized.

In this embodiment 1, the bottom portions of the rear panel, the left side panel and the right side panel are hinged to the bottom panel through a plurality of compartment hinges 18; the carriage hinge comprises a lower hinge 19 fixedly mounted on the bottom plate and an upper hinge 20 inserted between the rear plate and the bottom plate and fixedly mounted at the bottom of the rear plate, between the left side plate and the bottom plate and fixedly mounted at the bottom of the left side plate and between the right side plate and the bottom plate and fixedly mounted at the bottom of the right side plate, sliding grooves 21 are formed in the bottoms of the rear plate, the left side plate and the right side plate, nuts 22 hidden in the sliding grooves are mounted in the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, and the upper hinge is fixedly mounted and connected with the nuts through bolts 26, as shown in fig. 11 and 13. The carriage hinge adopts a hidden design, and is optimally designed aiming at the hinge of the aluminum alloy carriage in the current market. The carriage hinge breaks through the traditional hinge style on one hand, so that the carriage is more attractive and harmonious, and the integrity of the carriage is stronger; on the other hand, the process of drilling in the production process of the carriage sideboard is reduced, and the production and processing efficiency is higher compared with the original hinge structure. The upper hinge of the carriage hinge is inserted between each plate and the bottom plate to form hidden installation, and the lower hinge is fixedly installed with the bottom plate through angle iron or a support column and the like; during installation, the nuts slide into the sliding grooves in the bottoms of the plates, the upper hinge is installed below the bottoms of the plates through the bolts, punching-free installation is achieved, and the purpose that the installation screws of the carriage hinge are hidden under the rear plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the like is achieved.

In this embodiment 1, the bottom plate, the front plate, the rear plate, the left side plate and the right side plate all adopt a composite closed structure formed by sequentially connecting three closed loops, as shown in fig. 14. The combined type closed structure has higher strength, is more durable, has more reinforcing rib structures and has better bending strength.

In this embodiment 1, the front plate has front plate corners 23 on both sides thereof, an elbow 24 crossing the top of the front plate is disposed between the front plate corners on both sides, and a support angle aluminum 25 having a zigzag structure is fixedly mounted between the top of the elbow and the front plate. The angle aluminium is supported by the front bezel, changes the traditional L style of calligraphy into the Z style of calligraphy, and the contact surface of angle aluminium and front bezel and return bend is bigger for the return bend is more firm reliable with being connected of front bezel, has also guaranteed the reliability that front bezel and bottom plate are connected simultaneously, and intensity is higher.

In this embodiment 1, the front plate corner wrap is an integral structure. The front plate wrap angle of the integrated structure improves the strength and reliability of the front plate wrap angle.

In this embodiment 1, the back surface of the front plate wrap angle is a horizontal plate surface which is flush with the back surface of the front plate, and the front surface of the front plate wrap angle is a U-shaped plate which wraps the end of the bent pipe and protrudes out of the front surface of the front plate. The front plate wrap angle adopts the outward protruding design of U-shaped plate shape, adjusts the mounting position of return bend to the locomotive direction, and the front plate wrap angle back is the horizontal plate face that keeps flat with the front plate back for the inside front bezel in carriage becomes the right angle with the cooperation department of curb plate, and the mounting tool case of being convenient for has improved the inside space utilization in carriage.

In addition, the aluminum alloy fittings such as the bottom plate, the left and right side plates, the bottom plate, the carriage hinge, the front plate wrap angle and the like adopt a silver white oxidation surface treatment process, the thickness of the oxide film is 8-10 mu m, the surface hardness is high, the corrosion resistance is strong, and the integral aluminum alloy carriage has good corrosion resistance.

The environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage is made of aluminum alloy materials to form a carriage structure, so that the weight is light, and the environment is protected; the whole carriage structure is treated by a silver white oxidation process, so that the carriage structure has good corrosion resistance; the side plates of the bottom plate, the front plate, the rear plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the like of the carriage structure adopt a composite closed structure with a closed loop, and the strength is higher; the carriage door lock adopts the design of a hidden handle, so that the carriage door lock is safe, attractive and reliable; the carriage hinge also adopts a hidden design, so that the appearance is attractive, the assembly is convenient, and the carriage integrity is strong; the front plate of the carriage is supported by Z-shaped aluminum materials, so that the structural strength is higher; the front plate wrap angle of the carriage adopts the integrated design, the structural strength is higher, the front plate wrap angle adopts the convex design, and the utilization rate of the internal space of the carriage is improved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the structure of the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention all still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage comprises a bottom plate, and a front plate, a rear plate, a left side plate and a right side plate which are respectively arranged at the front end, the rear end, the left side and the right side of the bottom plate, and is characterized in that hidden carriage door locks are arranged at the front end of the left side plate, the front end of the right side plate and at the two ends of the rear plate, and carriage door lock seats which are locked and arranged with the corresponding hidden carriage door locks are arranged at the two sides of the front plate, the rear end of the left side plate and at the two ends of the right side plate; the hidden carriage door lock comprises a door lock frame main body, a pull-out handle, a pull rod and a lock cylinder raised head, wherein the pull-out handle is hinged in the door lock frame main body and can be pulled out downwards, the pull rod is mounted in the door lock frame main body in a hinged mode, the lock cylinder raised head is fixedly mounted with the pull rod and protrudes out of the outer side of the door lock frame main body, a handle mounting groove matched with the pull-out handle is formed in the door lock frame main body, the specification size of the handle mounting groove is larger than that of the pull-out handle, a handle pull-out space allowing a finger to stretch into the pull-out handle is reserved between the top of the pull-out handle and the top of the handle mounting groove when the pull-out handle is completely arranged in the handle mounting groove, the pull rod is hinged to the outer side of the pull-out handle and can be accommodated in the pull-out handle, and a lock cylinder raised head notch for enabling the lock cylinder raised head to slide up and down and limiting the sliding range of the lock cylinder raised head is further formed in the door lock cylinder lock frame main body; the carriage door lock seat comprises a door lock seat body, a lock groove which is arranged corresponding to the notch of the lock core raised head and allows the lock core raised head to be clamped and installed is arranged on the door lock seat body, and the lock groove comprises a lock core raised head inlet and outlet which are larger than the specification and the size of the lock core raised head and allow the lock core raised head to be separated from the lock groove, and a lock groove opening which is communicated with the lock core raised head inlet and outlet and can allow the lock core raised head to slide in and clamp the lock core raised head to limit the lock core raised head.

2. The environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage as recited in claim 1, wherein the bottoms of the rear plate, the left side plate and the right side plate are hinged with the bottom plate through a plurality of carriage hinges; the carriage hinge include the lower hinge page or leaf of fixed mounting on the bottom plate to and insert between installation back plate and the bottom plate and with back plate bottom fixed mounting, between left side board and the bottom plate and with left side board bottom fixed mounting, between right side board and the bottom plate and with right side board bottom fixed mounting's last hinge page or leaf, all be equipped with the spout in the bottom of back plate, left side board and right side board, the nut of hiding the setting is installed in sliding in the spout, go up the hinge page or leaf and realize fixed mounting through bolt and nut and be connected.

3. The environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage as recited in claim 2, wherein the bottom plate, the front plate, the rear plate, the left side plate and the right side plate are all of a composite closed structure formed by connecting three closed loops in sequence.

4. The environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage as claimed in claim 3, wherein front plate wrap angles are arranged on two sides of the front plate, an elbow pipe stretching across the top of the front plate is arranged between the front plate wrap angles on the two sides, and a supporting angle aluminum with a Z-shaped structure is fixedly arranged between the top of the elbow pipe and the front plate.

5. The environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage as recited in claim 4, wherein the front plate wrap angle is of an integral structure.

6. The environment-friendly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy carriage as recited in claim 5, wherein the back surface of the front plate corner wrap is a horizontal plate surface which is flush with the back surface of the front plate, and the front surface of the front plate corner wrap is a U-shaped plate which wraps the end of the elbow and protrudes from the front surface of the front plate.

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