Special tool for dismounting high-temperature and high-pressure valve seat
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a dismouting of high temperature high pressure valve disk seat especially relates to a specialized tool of dismouting high temperature high pressure valve disk seat.
Background
High-pressure main steam governing valve group of present steam turbine generally includes a plurality of high temperature high pressure valve, as shown in fig. 1, high temperature high pressure valve includes valve casing 1 and disk seat 2, valve casing 1 is equipped with valve port 11, steam inlet 12 and steam outlet 13, valve port 11 with steam outlet 13 sets up relatively, steam outlet 13 sets up valve port 11 with between the steam outlet 13, valve seat 2 sets up in valve casing 1 and is located steam outlet 13 one side, and valve seat 2 and 1 interference fit of valve casing, valve seat 2 are equipped with valve seat hole 21, and valve seat hole 21 runs through valve seat 2, and the smooth nothing back-off in valve seat hole 21, and valve seat hole 21 is including inner chamber 211 and the sealed chamber 212 that is the frustum form, sealed chamber 212 is located the one side that is close to valve port 11, the one side that the inner chamber 211 radius is little is adjacent with sealed chamber 212.
When the valve seat of the traditional high-temperature and high-pressure valve is replaced and disassembled, a special ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic tool matched with a foreign import, a special tool specially matched with a steam turbine manufacturer or a valve body is cut out to replace the valve seat 2. The use of a matched ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic special tool imported from foreign countries and a special tool specially matched by a steam turbine manufacturer not only consumes long time but also has high cost; the mode of replacing the valve seat 2 by cutting the valve body consumes long time and has huge workload; both conventional methods are expensive and time consuming, which can affect the duration of the project.
In addition, each high-pressure main steam regulating valve group consists of a main steam valve and two regulating valves, the regulating valves and the main steam valves are high-temperature high-pressure valves, and are arranged in a delta shape in a common shell, so that the arrangement is compact, the space is narrow, and the replacement and the disassembly of the valve seat 2 in the narrow space are difficult to be carried out by the traditional tool for replacing and disassembling the valve seat of the high-temperature high-pressure valve.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Based on this, the utility model aims at providing a special tool for disassembling and assembling high-temperature and high-pressure valve seats, which has good practicability and adaptability for replacing and disassembling high-temperature and high-pressure valve seats of steam turbines; the clamping nuts with different sizes can be processed according to the matched inner diameters of the valve seats for the valve seats with different sizes, and the method has the advantages of short construction period and wide application range.
A special tool for dismounting a high-temperature and high-pressure valve seat. Comprises a stress plate, a pull rod, a clamping nut and a hoisting unit; one end of the pull rod is fixed with the stress plate, the clamping nut is in threaded fit with the other end of the pull rod, the clamping nut is a special-shaped nut, the side face of the clamping nut comprises two opposite conical surfaces and two opposite planes, and the distance between the two opposite planes and the axis of the clamping nut is smaller than the distance between the two opposite conical surfaces and the axis of the clamping nut; and when the hoisting unit operates, the stress plate moves along the direction departing from the clamping nut.
The special tool for disassembling and assembling the high-temperature and high-pressure valve seat has good practicability and adaptability for replacing and disassembling the high-temperature and high-pressure valve seat of the steam turbine; the clamping nuts with different sizes can be processed according to the matched inner diameters of the valve seats for the valve seats with different sizes, and the method has the advantages of short construction period and wide application range.
Further, the maximum value of the outer diameter of the clamping nut is larger than the minimum value of the inner diameter of the valve seat. The clamping nut can be ensured to clamp the target valve seat, so that the clamping nut can be used as a stress point for pulling out the valve seat.
Further, the taper angle angles of the two opposing tapered surfaces in the jam nut coincide with the angle of the taper angle of the target valve seat inner wall. The contact surface between the clamping nut and the inner wall of the valve seat can be increased by keeping the angle consistent, so that the friction force between the clamping nut and the valve seat is improved, and the clamping nut and the valve seat are more reliably and stably matched.
Further, the thickness of the clamping nut is 60-300mm, and the inner diameter of the thread of the clamping nut is 50-250mm. When the thickness of the clamping nut is less than 60mm, the clamping nut cannot bear enough tension; when the thickness of the clamping nut is more than 300mm, the clamping nut is difficult to match with the taper surface of the inner hole of the valve seat, and meanwhile, the draw bar is too long and is inconvenient to process and manufacture; the thickness of the clamping nut is preferably 80mm, so that the conical surface of the clamping nut can be tightly matched with the conical surface of the inner hole of the valve seat, and sufficient friction force can be generated; when the inner diameter of the thread of the clamping nut is less than 50mm, the clamping nut cannot bear enough tension, and the phenomenon of thread sliding failure is easy to occur; when the inner diameter of the thread of the clamping nut is larger than 250mm, the diameter of the pull rod matched with the clamping nut is too large, and the clamping nut is not easy to operate; the inner diameter of the thread of the clamping nut is optimized to be 76mm, the requirement that the nut bears 100 tons of pulling force can be met, and the 100 tons of pressure can be used for disassembling and assembling most valve seats of the same type; when the matching diameter of the valve seat of the regulating valve is less than 100mm, the valve seat can be directly machined in the valve shell generally without independently matching the valve seat, so that the outer diameter of the thread of the clamping nut is more than 100mm; when the outer diameter of the thread of the clamping nut is larger than 400mm, on one hand, a special tool is too large, and on the other hand, the valve seat and the valve shell with corresponding sizes are generally in threaded fit instead of interference fit, so that the clamping nut is not suitable for being used in the sizes; the utility model discloses with the preferred 150mm of chucking nut's external diameter of screw thread, the conical surface that can guarantee chucking nut closely cooperates with the disk seat hole conical surface to produce sufficient frictional force, and be applicable to the dismouting of most of the disk seats of the same kind.
Further, the hoisting unit is a jack, and the jack is arranged below the stress plate. Adopt the jack, the fulcrum of jack is on firm valve casing, only exists slight disk seat bounce phenomenon when the disk seat breaks away from, for the hoisting apparatus who adopts the hoist and mount, can avoid elastomeric element such as rope rocking by a wide margin, can avoid unnecessary friction between each spare part as far as possible, enables breaking away from process safelyr of disk seat.
The support plate is arranged below the jack and connected with the jack, a second pull rod hole is formed in the support plate, and the other end of the pull rod penetrates through the second pull rod hole. Adopt the backup pad can make the support of jack more firm, avoid the jack because of unstable with the valve casing contact point, lead to the phenomenon that the jack landing or rocked, improve assembly and disassembly tools's security.
Furthermore, the tension device further comprises a fixing nut, threads are arranged at one end of the pull rod, a first pull rod hole is formed in the stress plate, and one end of the pull rod penetrates through the first pull rod hole and then is in threaded fit with the fixing nut. The screw rod is in threaded fit with the stressed plate through the fixing nut, and the screw rod has the advantages of being convenient to detach and reliable in connection.
Furthermore, the thickness of the fixing nut is 60-300mm, the inner diameter of the thread of the fixing nut is 50-250mm, and the outer diameter of the fixing nut is 100-400mm. When the thickness of the fixing nut is less than 60mm, the fixing nut cannot bear enough tension; when the thickness of the fixing nut is more than 300mm, the problems that the pull rod is too long and is inconvenient to process and manufacture exist; the utility model discloses with the thickness of fixation nut preferred 60mm, can satisfy the nut and bear the pulling force demand of 100 tons, the pressure of 100 tons can deal with the dismouting of most kind of valve seats of the same type; when the inner diameter of the thread of the fixing nut is less than 50mm, the fixing nut cannot bear enough tension, the phenomenon of thread slipping failure is easy to occur, and the fixing stability is influenced; when the inner diameter of the thread of the fixing nut is larger than 250mm, the diameter of the pull rod matched with the fixing nut is too large, and the fixing nut is difficult to operate; the utility model discloses with fixation nut's internal diameter of thread preferred 76mm, can satisfy the nut and bear the tensile demand of 100 tons, the dismouting of most disk seats of the same type can be dealt with to the pressure of 100 tons.
Furthermore, the thickness of the stress plate is 4-50mm. When the thickness of the stressed plate is less than 4mm, the stressed plate cannot bear a jack and is easy to deform; when the thickness of the stress plate is more than 50mm, the use cost of the stress plate is too high, and the stress plate is too heavy and difficult to operate; the utility model discloses with the preferred 4.5mm of atress plate thickness, can satisfy the demand that the atress plate bore the apical force of 50 tons, enough deals with the dismouting of most disk seats of the same type.
Further, the thickness of the supporting plate is 4-50mm. When the thickness of the supporting plate is less than 4mm, the supporting plate cannot bear a jack and is easy to deform; when the thickness of the supporting plate is more than 50mm, the use cost of the stress plate is too high, and the stress plate is too heavy and difficult to operate; the utility model discloses with the preferred 4.5mm of backup pad thickness, can satisfy the backup pad and bear the demand of the apical force of 50 tons, enough deals with the dismouting of most disk seats of the same type.
For a better understanding and practice, the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a special tool for dismounting a valve seat of a high-temperature and high-pressure valve according to embodiment 1 after installation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a jam nut for fitting a valve seat having a diameter of 170 mm;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a jam nut for fitting a 150mm diameter valve seat;
fig. 5 is a top view of fig. 4.
Detailed Description
Example 1
This embodiment provides a specialized tool of dismouting high temperature high pressure valve disk seat for to the dismouting of steam turbine high pressure main steam control valve disk seat 2, because disk seat 2 and 1 interference fit of valve casing, when the heating expansion of reality is dismantled, there is the frictional force of tens of tons in the fitting surface of disk seat 2 and valve casing 1, the outside cooperation diameter of disk seat 2 is 170mm, and the cone angle of inside inner wall is 3.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a special tool for dismounting a valve seat of a high-temperature and high-pressure valve according to the present embodiment, which is installed in a valve seat 2 in a valve housing 1; the special tool for disassembling and assembling the valve seat of the high-temperature and high-pressure valve comprises a stress plate 3, a pull rod 6, a fixing nut 5, a supporting plate 6, a hoisting unit 7 and a clamping nut 8. The stress plate 3 is provided with a first pull rod hole 31; one end of the pull rod 6 penetrates through the first pull rod hole 31 and is in threaded fit with the fixing nut 5, the supporting plate 6 is provided with a second pull rod hole 61, the other end of the pull rod 6 penetrates through the second pull rod hole 61, the hoisting unit 7 is arranged between the stress plate 3 and the supporting plate 6, and the clamping nut 8 is in threaded fit with the other end of the pull rod 6.
The stress plate 3 is provided with a first pull rod hole 31. In this embodiment, the material of the force-receiving plate 3 is #8 channel steel, and the thickness of the force-receiving plate 3 is 4.5mm.
The two ends of the pull rod 6 are provided with threads, and one end of the pull rod 6 penetrates through the first pull rod hole 31. In this embodiment, the material of the tie rod 6 is 45 steel, the major diameter of the screw thread at both ends of the tie rod 6 is 76mm, and the material can make the tie rod 6 bear 100 tons of pressure by matching with the screw thread.
The fixing nut 5 is in threaded fit with one end of the pull rod 6 which penetrates through the first pull rod hole 31. In this embodiment, the fixing nut 5 has a thickness of 80mm, an inner diameter of 76mm and an outer diameter of 150mm.
The backup pad 6 is placed in valve casing 1 upper end, and backup pad 6 is equipped with second draw rod hole 61, and the other end of pull rod 6 passes second draw rod hole 61 and sets up. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the support plate 6 is 4.5mm.
In this embodiment, the lifting unit 7 comprises two 50-ton jacks, which are arranged on the supporting plate 6, and the top ends of the jacks are in contact with the stressed plate 3. When the jack operates, the top end of the jack can jack up the stress plate 3, so that the stress plate 3 moves away from the direction of the clamping nut 8.
The clamping nut 8 is in threaded fit with the other end of the pull rod 6. The clamping nut 8 is a special-shaped nut, the side surface of the clamping nut 8 comprises two opposite conical surfaces 81 and two opposite flat surfaces 82, the distance between the two opposite flat surfaces 82 and the axis of the clamping nut 8 is smaller than the distance between the two opposite conical surfaces 81 and the axis of the clamping nut 8, as shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment, the clamping nut 8 is made of A3 steel, the thickness of the clamping nut is 60mm, the inner diameter of the clamping nut is 76mm, the maximum value of the outer diameter of the clamping nut is 167.29mm, and the minimum value of the outer diameter of the clamping nut is 161mm. In order to enable the clamping nut 8 to clamp the inner wall of the valve seat 2, the maximum value of the outer diameter of the clamping nut 8 is larger than the minimum value of the inner diameter of the valve seat 2; in order to make the clamping nut 8 fit tightly with the inner wall of the valve seat 2, the angle of the taper angles of the two opposite tapered surfaces 81 in the clamping nut 8 is kept consistent with the angle of the taper angle of the inner wall of the valve seat 2, and in this embodiment, since the taper angle of the inner wall of the valve seat 2 is 3 °, the taper angle of the clamping nut 8 is also customized to be 3 °. In other embodiments, when it is desired to disassemble the valve seat 2 having a fitting diameter of 150mm, as shown in fig. 3, the chucking nut 8 has a thickness of 60mm, an inner diameter of 76mm, a maximum outer diameter of 147.29mm, and a minimum outer diameter of 141mm.
The practical dismounting process of the special tool for dismounting the high-temperature and high-pressure valve seat in the embodiment is as follows: firstly, the pin of the valve seat 2 is removed; then hang chucking nut 8 in valve seat hole 21 to the angle of adjustment chucking nut 8 makes two relative conical surfaces 81 of chucking nut 8 closely cooperate with the inner wall of valve seat 2, and in this embodiment, the regulative mode of chucking nut 8 is: three nuts are fixed on the clamping nut 8 in a triangular shape, three stainless steel wires are used for fixing the three nuts respectively, in addition, cotton gauze with enough size is bound by the iron wires to plug a valve pipeline, then the angle of the clamping nut 8 is adjusted by pulling the three steel wires, the clamping nut 8 is hung into the inner wall of the valve seat 2 by utilizing the characteristic that two opposite planes 82 of the clamping nut 8 are smaller, and two opposite conical surfaces 81 of the clamping nut 8 are tightly matched with the inner wall of the valve seat 2; screwing the other end of the pull rod 6 and the clamping nut 8 through threads, placing the support plate 6 on the valve shell 1 and enabling the pull rod 6 to penetrate through the second pull rod hole 61, then placing the two jacks on the support plate 6, then placing the stress plate 3 on the tops of the two jacks and enabling the pull rod 6 to penetrate through the first pull rod hole 31, then screwing one end of the pull rod 6 and the fixing nut 5 through threads, and then heating the interference fit part of the valve shell 1 and the valve seat 2 to the position of the valve shell 1 with a heating lamp until metal is dark red, wherein the pressure between the valve shell 1 and the valve seat 2 is reduced; and then the jack is operated, because the fixing nut 5 fixes one end of the pull rod 6 on the stress plate 3, the other end of the pull rod 6 is in threaded fit with the clamping nut 8, and the clamping nut 8 is tightly attached to the valve seat 2, the process of jacking the stress plate 3 by the jack is the process of separating the valve seat 2 from the valve shell 1 by the jack, and finally the valve seat 2 is lifted away from the valve shell 1 by using devices such as a crown block and the like, so that the separation of the valve seat 2 is realized.
The actual assembly process of the specialized tool of dismouting high temperature and high pressure valve disk seat described in this embodiment does: the clamping nut 8 is hung in the valve seat hole 21, the angle of the clamping nut 8 is adjusted, two opposite conical surfaces 81 of the clamping nut 8 are tightly matched with the inner wall of the valve seat 2, and a hoisting crane can be selected by the hoisting unit 7 in order to better adjust the position of the valve seat 2 during assembly; then, cooling the valve seat 2, wherein in the embodiment, the cooling mode is that the valve seat 2 is hung in a barrel filled with liquid nitrogen; then appear metal dark red to valve casing 1 with heating lamp heating valve casing 1 and 2 interference fit's of disk seat position, measure 1 internal diameter of valve casing this moment, ensure that 1 internal diameter of valve casing slightly is greater than the external diameter of disk seat 2, then hang into valve casing 1 with disk seat 2 and strike the tie, the angle of adjustment iron wire takes out chucking nut 8, at last drilling nail round pin.
In the actual use process, by using the special tool for disassembling and assembling the high-temperature and high-pressure valve seat, after the disassembly is finished, all parts are not deformed and damaged, and all nuts and screw threads are not damaged, and simultaneously, compared with the traditional method for cutting out the valve body and replacing the valve seat 2, the time is shortened by at least one week, only two days are spent from the disassembly to the assembly, the overhaul period is not delayed, and the special tool has the advantages of rapidness and safety; in addition, the special tool for dismounting and mounting the high-temperature and high-pressure valve seat fully considers the narrow field space in the design, so that the special tool has the advantage of being suitable for the scene with the narrow field space; in addition, according to the special tool for disassembling and assembling the valve seat of the high-temperature and high-pressure valve, the clamping nut 8 needs to be customized according to different angles and sizes of the inner conical surface of the valve seat 2, other parts can be shared, meanwhile, the more and more the valve seat 2 is replaced, the more and more economical the valve seat 2 is, only 2 workers are needed for field assembly of all parts, the operation is simple and time-saving, the special tool has the advantages of saving the tool purchase cost, reducing the workload of maintenance workers and greatly saving the maintenance cost, and a successful method is provided for replacement of the valve seat 2 of the same type.
The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, to those skilled in the art, changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended that the invention also encompass such changes and modifications.