CN217846675U - Small-size weather station of low-power consumption based on 4G data transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-power consumption small-size meteorological station based on 4G data transmission, including MCU device, meteorological sensor, 4G transmission device and battery, above-mentioned battery is used for supplying power to MCU device, 4G transmission device and meteorological sensor, is equipped with the sensor controller between above-mentioned battery and the meteorological sensor, and above-mentioned battery passes through the sensor controller and is connected with the meteorological sensor electricity; the MCU device is in signal connection with the sensor controller, outputs signals to the sensor controller and controls the start and stop of the meteorological sensor by the sensor controller; the meteorological sensor is in signal connection with an MCU device, the MCU device is in signal connection with a 4G transmission device, and the 4G transmission device is used for information interaction with an Internet of things platform; above-mentioned battery one side is equipped with the electric quantity collection module, and above-mentioned electric quantity collection module and MCU device signal connection to it is higher to expect to improve current weather station operation in-process energy consumption, if battery electric quantity can not obtain the replenishment, the problem of probably frequently shutting down.

Description

Small-size weather station of low-power consumption based on 4G data transmission

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a weather station equipment is energy-conserving, concretely relates to small-size weather station of low-power consumption based on 4G data transmission.

Background

In the application process of agricultural field weather acquisition and monitoring, a weather station is generally required to be built through acquisition and monitoring equipment; however, the installation of the weather station is easily limited by the cost of electricity taking and equipment, most of the current weather stations adopt the mode of receiving a remote line for power supply, but for the area with limited power transmission, the mode of using solar energy or storage battery storage is generally considered for supplying power for the weather station, because the types of sensors contained in the weather station are more, and the sensors work continuously, the overall power consumption of the equipment is easily higher, if a solar panel is adopted for supplying power, the requirements on the use specifications of the solar equipment and the storage battery equipment are higher, and the overall cost of the equipment is higher. And under the condition of insufficient illumination, the electric quantity of the equipment can not be effectively supplemented, and the risk of equipment transportation is very easy to occur.

At present, in order to ensure timeliness of data, a weather station generally needs to be matched with an internet of things, a wired network realizes data transmission, the difficulty is higher in a use scene of a farmland, and the data uploading aspect of the internet of things is mainly adopted, namely a GPRS network, an NBIOT narrow-band cellular internet of things and a 4G network; in the actual use process, the power consumption of the equipment needs to be limited, the sampling of the weather station needs to be intermittent, and when the GPRS network communication is used, the transmission flow needs to start and initialize the GPRS module, establish connection, transmit data and shut down. The GPRS module requires time for initialization, consumes power, and needs initialization for each data transmission, which is not ideal for controlling power consumption of the device. The transmission mode of the NBIOT narrowband cellular Internet of things has the characteristic of low power consumption and excellent transmission effect, but the NBIOT needs the coverage cost of the wide area Internet of things to be high, the NBIOT narrowband cellular Internet of things is usually found in urban environments, and the coverage difficulty and the cost of suburbs are extremely high, so the NBIOT narrowband cellular Internet of things is not ideal to be used in a weather station. The 4G network is used as a widely used communication network, the coverage rate and the stability of the network are the highest, but the built-in 4G module or the external 4G-dtu mode cannot control the power consumption of the network, so that the overall power consumption of the equipment can be obviously increased. Therefore, how to improve the energy consumption in the data transmission process of the existing weather station is worth researching.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a small-size weather station of low-power consumption based on 4G data transmission to it is higher to expect to improve current weather station operation in-process energy consumption, if battery power can not obtain the replenishment, problem that probably frequently shut down.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a low-power consumption small-sized meteorological station based on 4G data transmission comprises an MCU device, a meteorological sensor, a 4G transmission device and a storage battery, wherein the storage battery is used for supplying power to the MCU device, the 4G transmission device and the meteorological sensor; the MCU device is in signal connection with the sensor controller, outputs signals to the sensor controller and controls the start and stop of the meteorological sensor by the sensor controller; the meteorological sensor is in signal connection with the MCU device, and the meteorological sensor outputs an acquisition signal to the MCU device; the MCU device is in signal connection with a 4G transmission device, and the 4G transmission device is used for information interaction with the platform of the Internet of things; and an electric quantity acquisition module is arranged on one side of the storage battery and is in signal connection with the MCU device, and the electric quantity acquisition module acquires an electric quantity signal of the storage battery and transmits the signal to the MCU device.

Preferably, a DC/DC converter is provided between the battery and the MCU device, the battery is electrically connected to the DC/DC converter, and the DC/DC converter is configured to adjust a voltage output from the battery.

The further technical scheme is that the MCU device is connected to a DC/DC converter through a first voltage stabilizer, the output of the storage battery is 12V, the DC/DC converter is used for converting 12V voltage into 5V voltage and outputting the 5V voltage to the first voltage stabilizer, and the first voltage stabilizer adjusts the 5V voltage into 3.3V voltage and outputs the 3.3V voltage to the MCU device.

The further technical scheme is that the 4G transmission device is connected to a DC/DC converter through a second voltage stabilizer, the output of the storage battery is 12V, the DC/DC converter is used for converting 12V voltage into 5V voltage and outputting the 5V voltage to the second voltage stabilizer, and the second voltage stabilizer adjusts the 5V voltage into 4.2V voltage and outputs the 4G transmission device.

Preferably, an a/D converter is disposed between the electric quantity collection module and the MCU device, the electric quantity collection module is in signal connection with the a/D converter, the electric quantity collection module outputs an electric quantity analog signal to the a/D converter, the a/D converter is in signal connection with the MCU device, and the a/D converter converts the input analog signal into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal to the MCU device.

Preferably, the chip of the weather sensor is MAX485, and the operating voltage output by the sensor controller is 5V.

Preferably, the front end of the storage battery is provided with a photovoltaic controller and a photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected with the storage battery through the photovoltaic controller.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are at least one of following:

the utility model discloses can utilize 4G transmission device's dormancy function cooperation low-power consumption control technique through the detection battery power of electric quantity collection module timesharing for the dormancy electric current is less, has reduced unnecessary equipment power consumption, under outdoor farmland environment, satisfies the data acquisition demand and reduces the shut down risk that the energy consumption loss leads to as far as.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of meteorological sensor signal transceiving.

Fig. 3 is a voltage control schematic diagram of the meteorological sensor of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic power supply diagram of the meteorological sensor of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention is a 4G data transmission-based small-sized weather station with low power consumption, which includes an MCU device 1, a weather sensor 5, a 4G transmission device 2 and a storage battery 3, wherein the storage battery 3 is used for supplying power to the MCU device 1, the 4G transmission device 2 and the weather sensor 5, and the storage battery 3 is an existing commodity, and the storage battery 3 is mainly used for supplying power to various electronic components of the weather station.

The MCU device 1 is the core of the weather station system and plays a role in central scheduling. The ARM series, which is currently relatively widely available for use with MCU devices 1. The MCU device 1 is a master controller of the existing meteorological station, and the chip model of the MCU device 1 can adopt STM32F103 or STM32F405RG, so that the highest working frequency of the MCU device 1 is ensured, single-cycle multiplication and hardware division are supported, and the processing and calculation of different algorithms of a large amount of data of various meteorological element information of the automatic meteorological station can be met; and both support sleep mode.

4G transmission device 2 is mainly used for remote communication, and its structure can be current 4G wireless module, for the data information of better transmission MCU device 1, 4G transmission device 2 as long as need satisfy with remote server follow TCP/IP protocol communication, 4G transmission device 2 still need provide basic communication interface such as serial ports, and the pin is compatible good, can register the connecting network fast, the signal stability wide range, the fast requirement of transmission speed. Therefore, the 4G transmission apparatus 2 may consider using the existing SIM7600CE module, has the advantage of 4G full network communication, and may operate in multiple frequency bands.

A sensor controller 4 is provided between the storage battery 3 and the weather sensor 5, and the storage battery 3 is electrically connected to the weather sensor 5 through the sensor controller 4. The MCU device 1 is in signal connection with the sensor controller 4, the MCU device 1 outputs signals to the sensor controller 4, and the sensor controller 4 controls the start and stop of the meteorological sensor 5.

The meteorological sensor 5 is in signal connection with the MCU device 1, and the meteorological sensor 5 outputs an acquired signal to the MCU device 1; the MCU device 1 is in signal connection with the 4G transmission device 2, and the 4G transmission device 2 is used for information interaction with the platform of the Internet of things. For a meteorological station, firstly, the acquisition of meteorological element information needs to be considered, so that the meteorological element is acquired by the meteorological sensor 5, the acquired information is converted into an electric signal by the meteorological sensor 5, and then the electric signal passes through a necessary filtering and rectifying circuit, so that the accurate data of the current meteorological element is acquired; wherein the data that meteorological sensor 5 gathered and obtained all are voltage or current signal, and the signal of telecommunication can become the accurate numerical value of required meteorological information after needing to be handled through MCU device 1. The processing of the data collected by the meteorological sensor 5 is not only a simple conversion of the electrical signal, but also includes the necessary processing of the data, such as calculating an average value, linear processing, clipping a maximum value, and so on. The processing of the data may be generally performed automatically by a software program preset in the MCU device 1.

Besides sending data, the 4G transmission device 2 also needs to control the whole weather station equipment in a remote manner by the 4G transmission device 2, that is, the 4G transmission device 2 needs to input data content to the MCU device 1, and the MCU device 1 executes corresponding operations. The MCU device 1 is connected with the 4G transmission device 2 through a UART hardware data flow mode, because the existing MCU can load data into messages according to a user-defined data communication protocol, the serial port of the MCU device 1 is connected to the sensor controller 4, and the sensor controller 4 can debug and set parameters of the meteorological sensor 5 through protocol instructions.

In order to better determine the standby time of the device, an electric quantity acquisition module 6 is arranged on one side of the storage battery 3, the electric quantity acquisition module 6 is in signal connection with the MCU device 1, and the electric quantity acquisition module 6 acquires an electric quantity signal of the storage battery 3 and transmits the signal to the MCU device 1.

The meteorological sensor 5 is an existing sensing module, the meteorological sensor 5 can be a sensing layer element, or can be integrated with more than two sensing layer elements, and the sensing layer elements comprise a temperature and humidity sensor for collecting external information, a radiation sensor, a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor and the like. The electric quantity signal of the storage battery 3 is collected through the electric quantity collecting module 6, and the electric quantity parameter is sent to the MCU device 1, so that the MCU device 1 can conveniently and dynamically adjust the collecting frequency of the meteorological sensor 5 downwards based on the electric quantity,

based on the above embodiment, the utility model discloses another embodiment is, for the stability of better assurance work, is equipped with DC/DC converter 7 between above-mentioned battery 3 and the MCU device 1, and above-mentioned battery 3 is connected with DC/DC converter 7 electricity, and above-mentioned DC/DC converter 7 is used for adjusting the voltage of battery 3 output. The voltage of the storage battery 3 is larger than 5V in principle in order to meet different element workpieces, the MCU device 1 is required to have longer service life and lower energy consumption according to general design requirements, the voltage output from the storage battery 3 to the MCU device 1 is standard 5V voltage, and the working current is smaller than 10 milliamperes.

Secondly, when equipment is installed and upgraded, because external equipment is required to be connected, the voltage difference of power supply is large in the connection process, if external equipment breaks down and leads to being connected to high voltage, the circuit of the upgrading tool can be burnt out, even personnel are injured, and therefore the DC/DC converter is used, on one hand, the power supply isolation effect can be achieved, and on the other hand, the safety is improved on the premise of ensuring good stability.

Further, in order to better supply power to the MCU device 1, the MCU device 1 is connected to a DC/DC converter 7 through a first voltage stabilizer 8, the battery 3 outputs 12V, the DC/DC converter 7 is configured to convert the 12V voltage into a 5V voltage and output the 5V voltage to the first voltage stabilizer 8, and the first voltage stabilizer 8 adjusts the 5V voltage into 3.3V and outputs the 3.3V voltage to the MCU device 1. The voltage of the DC/DC converter 7 is reduced to 3.3V which is in accordance with the work of the MCU device 1 again through the first voltage stabilizer 8, and the normal work of the MCU device 1 under the rated working voltage is ensured by adjusting the output voltage to ensure that the voltage fluctuation and the power voltage are stabilized within the range of the set value of the MCU device 1.

Further, in order to ensure the stable operation of the 4G transmission device 2, the 4G transmission device 2 is connected to the DC/DC converter 7 through the second regulator 9, the output of the battery 3 is 12V, the DC/DC converter 7 is configured to convert the 12V voltage into 5V voltage and output the 5V voltage to the second regulator 9, and the 5V voltage is adjusted to 4.2V by the second regulator 9 and output the 4V voltage to the 4G transmission device 2.

The 4G transmission device 2 needs a stable voltage value when in work, and if the storage battery 3 is unstable in work, errors such as information loss and disconnection can be caused in network communication. Usually, the current of the 4G transmission device 2 needs to reach about 2A at the moment of networking, then the voltage input needs to provide at least 2A current, especially when the 4G transmission device 2 collects external information or is awakened by the MCU device 1 at regular time, therefore, it is necessary that the 4G transmission device 2 outputs the voltage and the current stably through the second voltage stabilizer 9.

Based on the above-mentioned embodiment, the utility model discloses a further embodiment is, the parameter stability for the output of electric quantity collection module 6 is received by MCU device 1, be equipped with AD converter 10 between above-mentioned electric quantity collection module 6 and the MCU device 1, wherein electric quantity collection module 6 can be current BM battery sampling module, can be BM-19P module, above-mentioned electric quantity collection module 6 and AD converter 10 signal connection, export electric quantity analog signal to AD converter 10 by electric quantity collection module 6, above-mentioned AD converter 10 and MCU device 1 signal connection, convert the analog signal of input into digital signal by AD converter 10 and export to MCU device 1. Because the electric quantity acquisition module 6 is a BM series, a BM series analog signal isolator can carry out high-speed accurate measurement on electric quantity parameters such as current and voltage or non-electric quantity parameters such as temperature and resistance, and the electric quantity parameters are converted into standard analog signals for output through isolation; the analog signal is received by the a/D converter 10 and output as a digital signal.

Under the general condition, electric quantity acquisition module 6 has not only gathered the electric quantity information of battery 3, the safe data of battery 3 still need supervise, the information transfer that battery 3 gathered is to MCU device 1, pass through by MCU device 1, the thing networking is transmitted to 4G transmission device 2, thereby be convenient for realize through remote monitoring system big data platform and MCU device 1 control strategy, the online safety precaution and the protection of battery 3 system.

Based on the above embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 4, another embodiment of the present invention is that the chip of the weather sensor 5 is MAX485, and the operating voltage output by the sensor controller 4 is 5V. MAX485 is a low-power transceiver supporting RS485 protocol and released by MAXIM company, 485 bus transmission can be used for transmission, the transmission rate can reach 2.5Mbps, an input signal receiver R and an output signal driver D are contained in a chip of the MAX485 chip, so that the chip is provided with an input receiver and an output driver enabling pin, and when the chip is not enabled, the input receiver and the output driver are in a high-resistance state and are designed to have an automatic transceiving function. The automatic transceiving principle is as follows: and (3) sending data: a binary system is adopted, namely when TX sends 0, the triode is not connected, and DE high DI is grounded, so that AB sends 0; when TX transmits 1, a triode is turned on, RE enters a receiving mode low, A > B is obtained through a pull-up resistor and a pull-down resistor, and therefore AB transmits 1.

Since there are generally a plurality of weather sensors 5, when multi-unit communication is performed, one weather sensor 5 corresponds to a plurality of weather sensors 5; specifically, one sensor controller 4 is designated as a master. When communication is performed, such as when the sensor controller 4 sends data, the sensor controller 4DE is high and assumes the transmission state, and all the weather sensors 5RE are low and assume the reception state. If the sensor controller 4 is required to communicate with a weather sensor 5 alone, the weather sensor 5 needs to be called up separately.

It should be noted that the RS485 protocol supports a half-duplex or full-duplex mode network topology, and the sensor controller 4 is used as a bus structure for terminal matching, and does not support a ring or star network. The nodes of the meteorological sensors 5 are connected in series by a bus, and the length of the lead from the meteorological sensor 5 to each meteorological sensor 5 node is as short as possible so as to minimize the influence of the reflected signal in the lead on the bus signal. The system adopts a connection mode that one sensor controller 4 corresponds to a plurality of meteorological sensors 5, when signals are transmitted on a transmission line, if the bus impedance is discontinuous, a reflection phenomenon occurs, and the effective transmission of the signals is influenced. Therefore, the matching resistor is connected to the end of the sensor controller 4 to absorb the reflected signal on the bus, so as to ensure that the signal transmission is free of burrs. The value of the matching resistance should be comparable to the characteristic impedance of the bus.

Based on the above embodiment, referring to fig. 1, another embodiment of the present invention is that the front end of the storage battery 3 is provided with a photovoltaic controller 11 and a photovoltaic panel 12, and the photovoltaic panel 12 is electrically connected to the storage battery 3 through the photovoltaic controller 11. Wherein photovoltaic controller 11 and photovoltaic board 12 are current commodity, and above-mentioned photovoltaic board 12 passes through photovoltaic controller 11 and carries battery 3 to battery 3.

Wherein the photovoltaic controller 11 is mainly used to prevent the storage battery 3 from being reversely supplied to the photovoltaic panel 12, and simultaneously avoid the photovoltaic panel 12 from excessively charging the storage battery 3. Is favorable for ensuring that the storage battery 3 does not have overcharge risk.

Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," "a preferred embodiment," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described generally in this application. The appearances of the same phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the scope of the invention to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments.

Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. A small-size weather station of low-power consumption based on 4G data transmission, includes MCU device (1), meteorological sensor (5), 4G transmission device (2) and battery (3), battery (3) are used for supplying power to MCU device (1), 4G transmission device (2) and meteorological sensor (5), its characterized in that: a sensor controller (4) is arranged between the storage battery (3) and the meteorological sensor (5), and the storage battery (3) is electrically connected with the meteorological sensor (5) through the sensor controller (4); the MCU device (1) is in signal connection with the sensor controller (4), the MCU device (1) outputs signals to the sensor controller (4), and the sensor controller (4) controls the start and stop of the meteorological sensor (5); the meteorological sensor (5) is in signal connection with the MCU device (1), and the meteorological sensor (5) outputs an acquisition signal to the MCU device (1); the MCU device (1) is in signal connection with the 4G transmission device (2), and the 4G transmission device (2) is used for information interaction with the platform of the Internet of things; the device is characterized in that an electric quantity acquisition module (6) is arranged on one side of the storage battery (3), the electric quantity acquisition module (6) is in signal connection with the MCU device (1), and the electric quantity acquisition module (6) acquires an electric quantity signal of the storage battery (3) and transmits the signal to the MCU device (1).

2. The small-sized weather station with low power consumption based on 4G data transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a DC/DC converter (7) is arranged between the storage battery (3) and the MCU device (1), the storage battery (3) is electrically connected with the DC/DC converter (7), and the DC/DC converter (7) is used for adjusting the voltage output by the storage battery (3).

3. The small-sized weather station with low power consumption based on 4G data transmission as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the MCU device (1) is connected to a DC/DC converter (7) through a first voltage stabilizer (8), the output of the storage battery (3) is 12V, the DC/DC converter (7) is used for converting 12V voltage into 5V voltage and outputting the 5V voltage to the first voltage stabilizer (8), and the 5V voltage is adjusted to 3.3V by the first voltage stabilizer (8) and is output to the MCU device (1).

4. The small-sized weather station with low power consumption based on 4G data transmission as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the 4G transmission device (2) is connected to the DC/DC converter (7) through the second voltage stabilizer (9), the output of the storage battery (3) is 12V, the DC/DC converter (7) is used for converting 12V voltage into 5V voltage and outputting the 5V voltage to the second voltage stabilizer (9), and the second voltage stabilizer (9) adjusts the 5V voltage into 4.2V voltage and outputs the 4V voltage to the 4G transmission device (2).

5. The small-sized weather station with low power consumption based on 4G data transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: be equipped with AD converter (10) between electric quantity collection module (6) and MCU device (1), electric quantity collection module (6) and AD converter (10) signal connection are exported electric quantity analog signal by electric quantity collection module (6) to AD converter (10), AD converter (10) and MCU device (1) signal connection convert the analog signal of input into digital signal by AD converter (10) and export MCU device (1).

6. The small-sized weather station with low power consumption based on 4G data transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the chip of the meteorological sensor (5) is MAX485, and the working voltage output by the sensor controller (4) is 5V.

7. The small-sized weather station with low power consumption based on 4G data transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the photovoltaic solar energy storage battery is characterized in that a photovoltaic controller (11) and a photovoltaic panel (12) are arranged at the front end of the storage battery (3), and the photovoltaic panel (12) is electrically connected with the storage battery (3) through the photovoltaic controller (11).

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