CN217845218U - Incremental photoelectric encoder - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an incremental photoelectric encoder in encoder field, include pivot, the shading disk that links firmly with the axle center, lead to the light disk, the pivot drives shading disk coaxial rotation still includes light source circuit board and sensitization output circuit board, the shading disk, lead to the light disk and establish between light source circuit board and sensitization circuit board, at least two tunnel light emitting component have been laid on the light source circuit board, correspond on the sensitization output circuit board light emitting component's position is equipped with two at least tunnel photosensitive element, lead to and set up the logical unthreaded hole that corresponds with light emitting component, photosensitive element position on the light disk. The utility model discloses well output signal's production is realized through non-contact's photoelectric detection, and circuit and structural design are simple, low cost, have avoided the production of wearing and tearing, vibration scheduling problem, advantages such as long service life, resistant vibration, anti-interference, market perspective is wide.

Description

Incremental photoelectric encoder

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an encoder field specifically is an incremental photoelectric encoder.

Background

In industrial equipment, instruments, automobile electronics and other products, a shaft handle type control incremental encoder for realizing electromechanical conversion for man-machine interaction such as parameter adjustment, brightness adjustment, function switching and the like mostly adopts a mechanical working mode to check the angle of a shaft handle, namely, an electric signal is generated by the change of the friction position of a metal movable structural part, and the structure inevitably has the problems of high service loss, short service life, poor anti-vibration capability, low reliability and the like. Although the angle of the shaft handle can be detected through electronic products, multiple circuits are complex and high in cost.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an incremental photoelectric encoder to solve the problem that proposes in the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an incremental photoelectric encoder, includes pivot, anti-dazzling screen, logical CD that links firmly with the axle center, the pivot drives anti-dazzling screen coaxial rotation still includes light source circuit board and sensitization output circuit board, anti-dazzling screen, logical CD are established between light source circuit board and sensitization circuit board, two way light emitting component have been laid on the light source circuit board, correspond on the sensitization output circuit board light emitting component's position is equipped with two way photosensitive element, lead to and offer the logical unthreaded hole that corresponds with light emitting component, photosensitive element position on the CD.

In some embodiments, a convex body is arranged on the outer side wall of the whole body of the rotating shaft, and an inner petal shaft sleeve is installed on the outer side of the convex body; the convex body is provided with a through hole along the radial direction in a penetrating manner, a spring is installed in the through hole, and the two ends of the spring are respectively abutted against the inner wall of the inner petal shaft sleeve to press balls.

In some embodiments, the inner structure of the inner petal sleeve is configured as a plurality of semi-circular structures which are circumferentially distributed and have different angles theta.

In some embodiments, the shading structures at 45 ° intervals are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the shading disc, the shading structures include an inner shading sheet B and an outer shading sheet a, and the difference between the inner shading sheet B and the outer shading sheet a is θ.

In some embodiments, the shading structures at 45 ° intervals are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the shading disc, and the shading structures include an inner shading sheet B and an outer shading sheet a, and the shading sheets a and B are different by an angle θ.

In some embodiments, the photosensitive element is configured as a phototransistor, and the photosensitive element is configured to output a high level signal when the shutter disk covers its corresponding light transmission hole and output a low level signal when the shutter disk does not cover its corresponding light transmission hole.

Has the beneficial effects that: the utility model discloses well output signal's production is realized through non-contact's photoelectric detection, and circuit and structural design are simple, low cost, have avoided the production of wearing and tearing, vibration scheduling problem. In a further preferred scheme, the inner petal shaft sleeve is matched with the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is positioned through the inner petal shaft sleeve in a 360-degree rotating process, and the rotating shaft has the advantages of good man-machine interaction hand feeling, long service life, vibration resistance, interference resistance and the like, and has a wide market application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the external structure of the rotating shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an axial end view of the inner petal sleeve of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an axial sectional view of the rotating shaft and the inner petal shaft sleeve of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the shading disc of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the optical disc of the present invention when connected to the anti-dazzling screen;

FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram of the output A terminal of the present invention when it leads the output B terminal by 90 degrees;

fig. 9 is a waveform diagram of the output B terminal of the present invention when it leads the output a terminal by 90 °.

In the figure: 1-a rotating shaft; 101-convex body; 102-a spring; 103-a ball; 104-a through hole; 2-inner petal shaft sleeve; 3-a light source circuit board; 4-a photosensitive circuit board; 5-a shading disc; 501-shading sheet A; 502-shade B; 503-rectangular groove; 6-logical optical disks; 601-clear aperture A; 602-clear aperture B; 7-a top fixture; 8-a base; 9-bolt; 10-a nut; 11-a barrier layer; 12-8 core flat cable.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, an incremental photoelectric encoder comprises a rotating shaft 1, a light shielding disc 5, a light passing disc 6, a light source circuit board 3 and a photosensitive output circuit board which are coaxial, as shown in fig. 3, the upper end of the rotating shaft 1 is used for being externally fixed with a rotating handle, and a platform is arranged on the outer side of the head of the upper end of the rotating shaft and used for preventing the rotating handle from idling. The lower end of the rotating shaft 1 is of a rectangular structure, a rectangular groove 503 is formed in the center of the shading disc 5, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 1 penetrates through the rectangular groove 503 and can drive the shading disc 5 to rotate coaxially.

Referring to fig. 5, as a preferred embodiment, a convex body 101 is arranged on the outer side wall of the whole body between the upper end and the lower end of the rotating shaft 1, an inner petal shaft sleeve 2 is installed on the outer side of the convex body 101, as shown in fig. 4, the inner structure of the inner petal shaft sleeve 2 is configured to be a plurality of semicircular structures with circumferentially distributed difference angles θ, a through hole 104 is radially arranged through the convex body 101, a spring 102 is installed in the through hole 104, and two ends of the spring 102 respectively press against the inner wall of the inner petal shaft sleeve 2 with balls 103. In some embodiments, the diameter of the through hole 104 is Φ 1.2mm, the gauge of the spring 102 is Φ 1.0mm, and the gauge of the ball 103 is Φ 1.1mm. In the prior art, the positioning between the rotating shaft and the shell is usually realized by a bearing structure, the structure of the mode is complex, more parts such as bearings are needed, and the gear switching when the rotating shaft rotates cannot be accurately controlled. The application provides a preferred embodiment can utilize interior petal axle sleeve 2's inner structure and pivot 1 to cooperate, and 360 rotatory processes of pivot 1 can directly fix a position through interior petal axle sleeve 2, and consequently structural design is simpler, has reduced required part quantity, and human-computer interaction feels, changes the switching of control gear.

In some embodiments, θ =11.25 °, then 32 semicircular structures are provided, and each time the rotating shaft 1 rotates by 11.25 °, the ball 103 falls into the next semicircle, thereby forming a circle (360 °) of 32 gear hand feeling, and realizing the switching of the gears during rotation.

In other embodiments, the θ value may also be set to 22.5 °, 5.625 °, and the like, specifically set according to actual needs, and the smaller the θ value, the higher the machining precision requirement.

The shading disc 5 and the light-passing disc 6 are arranged between the light source circuit board 3 and the photosensitive circuit board 4, two paths of light-emitting elements are distributed on the light source circuit board 3, and two paths of photosensitive elements are arranged on the photosensitive output circuit board corresponding to the light-emitting elements. As shown in fig. 2, the light emitting device includes light emitting diodes D1 and D2, the photosensitive device includes NPN phototriodes V1 and V2, the light emitting diodes D1 and D2 are connected in series in the same direction, the anode of the light emitting diode D1 is connected to a 5V power supply through a pull-up resistor R1, and the cathode of the light emitting diode D2 is grounded. The emitting electrodes of the phototriodes V1 and V2 are grounded, and the collecting electrodes respectively output signals A and B.

As shown in fig. 6, light shielding structures at 45 ° intervals are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the light shielding disc 5, the total number of the light shielding structures is 8, when the incremental photoelectric encoder outputs two signals, each group of the light shielding structures includes an inner light shielding sheet B502 and an outer light shielding sheet a501, and the difference angle between the light shielding sheets a and B is θ.

The light-passing disk 6 is provided with two light-passing holes corresponding to the positions of the light-emitting element and the light-sensitive element, and the two light-passing holes correspond to the central positions of the light-shielding sheet a501 and the light-shielding sheet B502, and are respectively called a light-passing hole a601 and a light-passing hole B602 for convenience sake.

Before using, utilize top mounting 7, base 8 to install pivot 1, interior petal axle sleeve 2 etc. and utilize bolt 9, nut 10 to fix, be connected with high temperature resistant plastics interlayer 11 between base 8 and the photosensitive circuit board 4, 8 core flat cable 12 that connect on the photosensitive circuit board 4 passes in the fixed cable fixed fence of plastic base 8 one side, assembles into complete incremental photoelectric sensor. When the LED is in work, 5V power supply is added, the light emitting diodes D1 and D2 emit infrared light which respectively irradiates the base stages of the V1 and the V2, so that the collector and the emitter are conducted, and the output end A and the output end B are in low level; if the infrared light emitted by the D1 and the D2 is blocked, the collector and the emitter are turned off, and the output end A and the output end B are changed into high level due to the pull-up action of the external pull-up resistor R1 on 5V.

Since the position difference between the shade a501 and the shade B502 is θ, the output signals of the output a terminal and the output B terminal have a phase difference of 90 °, as shown in fig. 8, when the rotation shaft 1 rotates clockwise, the square wave of the a signal leads the square wave of the B signal by 90 °, as shown in fig. 9, and when the rotation shaft 1 rotates counterclockwise, the square wave of the B signal leads the square wave of the a signal by 90 °.

The utility model discloses well output signal's production is realized through non-contact's photoelectric detection, and circuit and structural design are simple, low cost, have avoided the production of wearing and tearing, vibration scheduling problem, have human-computer interaction and feel, advantages such as long service life, resistant vibration, anti-interference, market perspective is wide.

Although the present description is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should be able to integrate the description as a whole, and the embodiments can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

Therefore, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application; all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides an incremental photoelectric encoder, includes pivot (1), anti-dazzling screen (5), logical CD (6) that link firmly with the axle center, pivot (1) drives anti-dazzling screen (5) coaxial rotation, its characterized in that still includes light source circuit board (3) and sensitization output circuit board, anti-dazzling screen (5), logical CD (6) are established between light source circuit board (3) and sensitization circuit board (4), two way light emitting component have been laid on light source circuit board (3), correspond on the sensitization output circuit board light emitting component's position is equipped with two way light sensitive element, lead to and set up the logical unthreaded hole that corresponds with light emitting component, light sensitive element position on CD (6).

2. The incremental photoelectric encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein a convex body (101) is arranged on the outer side wall of the whole body of the rotating shaft (1), and an inner petal sleeve (2) is arranged on the outer side of the convex body (101); the convex body (101) is provided with a through hole (104) in a penetrating mode along the radial direction, a spring (102) is installed in the through hole (104), and balls (103) are pressed at two ends of the spring (102) and the inner wall of the inner petal shaft sleeve (2) respectively.

3. The incremental photoelectric encoder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inner structure of the inner petal sleeve (2) is configured as a plurality of semi-circular structures distributed circumferentially with an angle θ.

4. An incremental photoelectric encoder according to claim 3, in which θ =11.25 °.

5. The incremental photoelectric encoder according to claim 3, wherein the shading structures with an interval of 45 ° are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the shading disk (5), the shading structures comprise an inner shading sheet B (502) and an outer shading sheet A (501), and the shading sheets A and B are different from each other by an angle θ.

6. An incremental photoelectric encoder according to claim 1, wherein the photosensitive elements are configured as phototriodes, and the photosensitive elements are configured to output a high level signal when the shutter disk (5) blocks their corresponding light-passing holes and output a low level signal when their corresponding light-passing holes are not blocked.

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