CN217842788U - Rotary valve positioning sheet and rotary valve adopting same - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotary valve spacer and adopt rotary valve structure of this spacer. A plurality of positioning components are distributed on the periphery of the positioning sheet of the rotary valve, and at least one reference component is also distributed on the periphery of the positioning sheet. The positioning piece is provided with the positioning component, the reference component and the auxiliary component, so that the reference position of the rotary valve can be automatically judged, whether the actual rotating angle of the motor meets the requirement or not is effectively judged, and accumulated errors are avoided. Adopt the utility model provides a behind the spacer, rotary valve driving motor no longer confines to the motor that only possesses the location characteristic, and the micro motor (like direct current motor) of simplest no location characteristic also can be used. The volume of the rotary valve can be reduced to be smaller, the whole weight is reduced to be lighter, the manufacturing cost is lower, the circuit is simpler and more reliable, and the rotary valve is convenient to realize miniaturization and lightweight design.

Description

Rotary valve positioning sheet and rotary valve adopting same

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of machinery, concretely relates to rotary valve spacer and adopt rotary valve of this spacer.

Background

In the field of instrument analysis, on-off switching of various flow paths is often used, and a traditional electromagnetic valve has a large internal volume (namely dead volume), is extremely easy to consume excessive flushing displacement liquid and is extremely unfavorable for a micro-flow instrument; the conventional electromagnetic valves are large in size, and are not beneficial to multi-channel small-size integration of equipment. The ultra-miniature electromagnetic valve needs professional processing equipment, and the manufacturing and using cost is very high; and when the electromagnetic valve is in an open or off state, power must be continuously supplied, which is not beneficial to the use of low-power consumption equipment.

The rotary multi-way valve (rotary valve for short) is widely used due to its advantages of low power consumption, simple structure, simple manufacture, small dead volume, variable channel structure and number, etc. The application method is described in the patent of the inventor and various literature data, and is not described in detail here. The rotary valve switches a certain angle through the moving plate to realize the on-off switching of the corresponding channel of the stator plate, so the rotating angle requirement of the moving plate is higher, and the common rotary valve structure generally adopts the structure shown in fig. 1 and mainly comprises the stator plate 1, the moving plate 3, a moving plate driving shaft 4, a spring 5, a motor 9, and auxiliary structures such as a connecting part 2, a bearing 6, an end cover 7, a shell or a bracket 8 and the like. Wherein the stator 1 is contacted with the rotor 3, and the motor 9 drives the rotor 3 to act through the rotor driving shaft 4. Because of the high requirement of switching angle, the power drive often adopts a motor with positioning characteristic, such as a stepping motor or a servo motor. The servo motor is internally provided with an accurate positioning encoder, the positioning angle of rotation switching is high in accuracy, but the cost is high, the size is large, a special driving controller is needed, a special coupler is needed when a motor shaft is connected with a load, and based on the factors, the servo motor is used for rotary valve control, the cost is high, the size is large, and the application is few.

The angle switching precision of the stepping motor is high, but a professional stepping driver is needed, otherwise, resonance is generated due to improper working frequency, so that high noise and poor use experience are caused. When needing great moment of torsion, step motor's volume often becomes very big very heavy, extremely is unfavorable for the miniaturization and the lightweight of equipment, even can promote certain moment of torsion through increasing the reduction gear, nevertheless when same volume size, compare direct current motor, the moment of torsion is also very little, and calorific capacity is great, and electric energy kinetic energy conversion efficiency is lower promptly, and after promoting certain moment of torsion through the reduction gear, the rotational speed becomes very little again. Compared with a direct current motor, the stepping motor with the same torque has higher manufacturing and using cost, larger volume and weight, and larger installation space due to the addition of a professional driving control circuit. As is known, the switching angle of a stepping motor is controlled by a certain number of pulse signals, i.e., the rotation angle is controlled simply, and such an open-loop control method is generally adopted, but when the number of pulse signals received by the stepping motor is lost due to interference or poor contact, the step is lost, and an error or even an error is generated in the switching angle, or after an error and an error occur due to overload, the latter rotation will generate all errors and errors, if an additional feedback device is introduced to form a closed-loop control method, the use advantage of the stepping motor is lost.

Under the conditions of the same torque, the same rotating speed and the like, the direct current motor has smaller volume, lighter weight and lower cost, but the direct current motor generally does not have the positioning characteristic, and the rotating angle after the on-off start and stop of the direct current motor is difficult to determine, so that the application of the direct current motor on the rotary valve becomes a difficult problem.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem, the utility model discloses a rotary valve spacer, simple circuits such as cooperation trigger switch use DC motor can reach the operation requirement of rotary valve. Based on this, the utility model discloses the rotary valve structure who adopts this spacer is still provided.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

a rotary valve positioning sheet comprises a circular positioning sheet body, wherein a plurality of positioning parts are distributed on the periphery of the positioning sheet body, the positioning parts at least comprise effective positioning parts, and the number of the effective positioning parts at least corresponds to the number of effective channels of a rotary valve; the position of the effective positioning part is matched with the position of an effective channel of the rotary valve; at least one reference component is distributed on the periphery of the positioning sheet.

Furthermore, the characteristic size of the reference component is different from the characteristic sizes of all the positioning components and the auxiliary components, and has obvious difference. The clear distinction enables the reference component to be identified by the processor as a reference component after being triggered by the trigger switch, the distinction of which should be explicitly related to the accuracy of the trigger component.

Furthermore, n auxiliary components are distributed on the periphery of the positioning sheet.

Further, the positioning component, the reference component and the auxiliary component adopt at least one of the following forms: holes, slots, notches, bosses or contacts.

Further, the characteristic size of the positioning component is matched with that of the trigger switch.

Further, the auxiliary feature size is greater than or equal to the positioning feature size.

Furthermore, the sum of the number of the reference components and the number of the auxiliary components is integral multiple of the number of the positioning components, and the reference components and the auxiliary components are uniformly distributed among the positioning components.

A rotary valve comprises the rotary valve positioning sheet, a movable sheet, a fixed sheet, a movable sheet driving shaft, a direct current motor and a trigger switch; the rotary valve positioning sheet is fixedly connected with the moving sheet and synchronously acts with the moving sheet; the direct current motor driving shaft is connected with the positioning plate and the moving plate through the moving plate driving shaft; the trigger switch is arranged beside the positioning plate, and the positioning part on the positioning plate can trigger the trigger switch.

Furthermore, the positioning plate is fixedly connected with the moving plate through a connecting part.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of as follows and beneficial effect:

1. the positioning piece is provided with the positioning component, the reference component and the auxiliary component, so that the reference position of the rotary valve can be automatically judged, whether the actual rotating angle of the motor meets the requirement or not is effectively judged, and accumulated errors are avoided.

2. The positioning piece is provided with the reference component and the auxiliary component, so that the rotating speed of the direct current motor can be dynamically adjusted, the purpose of reducing overshoot of the direct current motor is achieved, and the rotary valve piece is accurately stopped at the position of the positioning component.

3. Adopt the utility model provides a behind the spacer, rotary valve driving motor no longer restricts to the motor that only possesses the location characteristic, like servo motor or step motor etc. the simplest no location characteristic's micro motor (like direct current motor) also can use. Because a smaller direct current motor is used, the volume of the rotary valve can be reduced, the whole weight is reduced to be lighter, the manufacturing cost is lower, the circuit is simpler and more reliable, and the rotary valve is convenient to realize the design of miniaturization, light weight and low cost. When the motor is overloaded, the direct current motor can output larger power and torque by automatically increasing the current in a large range, and the occurrence of overload locked rotor is greatly reduced.

4. The utility model provides a rotary valve on the basis of adopting the spacer, can use littleer direct current motor, and is small, and the quality is light, more safe and reliable.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a rotary valve in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a rotary valve structure using the positioning plate of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the A-direction stator plate.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rotor, wherein (a) is a side sectional view and (b) is a schematic front view.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a spacer having only 8 positioning members.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a spacer including 8 positioning members, 1 reference member and 7 auxiliary members according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an optoelectronic switch, wherein (a) is a schematic side view and (b) is a schematic front view.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a spacer similar to that of fig. 5, in which a reference member is used instead of a positioning member as compared to that of fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the theoretical position to which the reference member should be positioned.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the actual position reached by the datum part when the splines are rotated clockwise.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the actual position of the fiducial component as the splines rotate counterclockwise.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the states of the rotor and the stator when the rotor rotates to communicate with the stator channels a-b.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the states of the rotor plate and the positioning plate when the rotor plate rotates to communicate with the stator plate channels a-i.

List of reference numbers:

1-fixing the tablet; 2-a connecting member; 3-moving plate; 4-moving plate driving shaft; 5-a spring; 6-a bearing; 7-end cap; 8-a housing or scaffold;

9-a stepper motor; 10-a direct current motor; 11-a positioning sheet; 12-a photoelectric switch; 13-positioning means (b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i);

14-a reference part (c 1); 15-auxiliary component (b 1/d1/e1/f1/g1/h1/i 1); 16-photoelectric window.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are to be understood as merely illustrative of the invention and not as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that as used in the following description, the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.

The utility model provides a rotary valve on as shown in figure 1 rotary valve basis, uses the DC motor 10 of little volume lightweight no location characteristic to replace great more heavy step motor 9 that has the location characteristic, has increased trigger switch and spacer 11. The trigger switch in this example is a photoelectric switch 12, which may be replaced by other types of switches, such as a hall switch or a contact switch.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the rotary valve includes a stator plate 1, a rotor plate 3, a rotor plate driving shaft 4, a dc motor 10, a positioning plate 11, an electro-optical switch 12, and a casing 8 and an end cap 7 for protecting these structures. The photoelectric switch 12 and the dc motor 10 should be connected to a processor (a single chip or other operation control elements can be used), and the processor is used for controlling the rotation of the dc motor 10 and receiving signals transmitted from the photoelectric switch 12.

The stator plate 1, the photoelectric switch 12 and the end cover 7 are fixed on the shell 8, the rotor plate driving shaft 4 is fixedly connected with the rotor plate 3 and the positioning plate 11, and the relative positions of the positioning plate 11 and the rotor plate 3 are fixed and keep consistent action. The motor can drive the moving plate driving shaft 4, the moving plate 3 and the positioning plate 11 to synchronously rotate. At least one of the positioning plate and the moving plate should be provided with a connecting part 2 (in fig. 4, 5 and 6, both the positioning plate and the moving plate are provided with the connecting part 2, but only one of the positioning plate and the moving plate may be provided as long as the connecting effect can be achieved), and the connecting part is used for fixedly connecting the positioning plate and the moving plate with each other. The connecting component can adopt the components which are already in the prior art and can connect the two together, such as buckles, fasteners and the like, and can also be in a direct gluing mode. The connecting component can be combined and installed with other parts to form a combined component. The combination parts can be any assembled connection form such as holes, grooves, keys, pins and the like, but the positioning sheets are required to be ensured to be matched with the positions of the rotary valve sheets after being connected. In fig. 2, the stator plate 1, the rotor plate 3, the rotor plate driving shaft 4, the positioning plate 11 and the main shaft of the motor 10 are all on the same axis. The bearing 6 and the motor 10 are arranged on the end cover 7, the spring 5 is arranged between the bearing and the moving plate driving shaft 4, and the moving plate driving shaft 4 and the positioning plate 11 enable the moving plate to be tightly pressed and attached to the fixed plate 1 under the action of the spring. Otherwise, the same as the prior art is not described, and is not described in detail in this example.

As shown in FIG. 3, the stator plate 1 has a common channel a in the middle, and n effective channels b-i are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

As shown in fig. 4, the moving plate 3 is provided with a channel slot, the moving plate 3 can rotate relative to the fixed plate 1, and the channel slot connects or disconnects any effective channel b-i with the common channel a to realize the opening and closing of different channels.

As shown in fig. 5, the positioning plate 11 is circular, a plurality of effective positioning components b-i are distributed on the edge along the circumferential direction, the number and the positions of the effective positioning components are adapted to the number and the positions of the effective channels in the positioning plate 1 (the number and the positions of the effective positioning components are the same, the setting angle of the effective positioning components on the positioning plate is the same as the setting angle of the effective channels on the positioning plate; if the channel c in fig. 3 is not used or processed, but the positioning plate can still retain the positioning component c at the corresponding position, at this time, the positioning component c is called as an ineffective positioning component), and the positioning component is used for triggering the trigger switch. When the number of the effective channels of the rotary valve is not uniformly distributed along the circumference, the number of the positioning parts in the positioning sheet can be supplemented properly, and the number of the positioning parts can be larger than the number of the effective channels of the rotary valve. In this example, the positioning element 13 is designed in the form of a recess, since the trigger switch is a photoelectric switch 12. The characteristic physical dimension of the photoelectric switch 12 is the width of the photoelectric window 16, so the characteristic dimension of the positioning component 13 is the size of the notch, the width of the notch is adapted to the width of the photoelectric window 16, on the premise of satisfying reliable triggering of the photoelectric switch, the smaller the notch width is, the higher the positioning accuracy is, the larger the width of the positioning component 13 relative to the width of the photoelectric window 16 is, and the worse the positioning accuracy is. The photoelectric switch can also adopt other forms of trigger switches. When the trigger switch is in the form of another switch, the positioning member naturally takes another form capable of triggering the switch, for example, for a contact switch, the positioning member may be a contact. In this example, the stator has 8 effective channels, so the number of the positioning piece positioning parts 13, i.e. the positioning notches, is 8, the angle and position of each positioning notch correspond to the angle and position of the effective channel of the stator, as shown in fig. 5, the positioning notch b-i of the positioning piece positioning part 13 corresponds to the effective channel b-i of the stator 1. When the positioning piece is installed, the center line of the channel groove on the moving piece 3 is on the same plane with the center line of a certain positioning notch on the positioning piece 11, i.e. the channel groove is aligned with a certain positioning notch (as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the center line of the moving piece groove is aligned with the center line of the positioning piece notch b).

It is obvious that when only the positioning component b-i is provided in fig. 5, the processor cannot judge whether the notch position is b or other through the feedback signal of the photoelectric switch 12, because the characteristic sizes of the positioning components are the same or have small differences, and the feedback signals of the photoelectric switch 12 are naturally the same or have small differences, a reference component 14 different from the positioning component must be introduced, and the reference component serves as a positioning judgment reference. The reference feature size is much larger than all the positioning features so that it can be easily distinguished from the positioning features. As shown in fig. 8, by increasing the characteristic size (width) of the b-position component, the feedback signal (e.g., on-time) of the optoelectronic switch 12 at this position is necessarily much different from the other c-i position components, and when the b-position is determined, the other c-i position components are naturally determined.

But this process presents a problem. As shown in fig. 9-11, as mentioned above, the ordinary dc motor has no positioning feature, the theoretical stop position of the rotary valve when the a-b channels are connected is as shown in fig. 9, but the actual stop position is as shown in fig. 10 (when the rotor plate and the positioning plate rotate clockwise synchronously) or fig. 11 (when the rotor plate and the positioning plate rotate counterclockwise synchronously), it is obvious that the rotor plate slots do not align the a-b channels of the stator plate accurately in the positions of fig. 10 and 11, so that the performance of the whole apparatus has a series of adverse effects, therefore, the reference member 14 and the effective positioning member are preferably not overlapped or shared.

In order to solve the above problem, the present patent modified as shown in fig. 6 by adding c1 reference member 14 between two effective positioning members (illustrated as positioning members c and b), and adding auxiliary members b1/d1/e1/f1/g1/h1/i1 between other positioning members for optimum solution, obviously, these auxiliary members are not necessary. But these auxiliary components have great benefits for the operation, processing and control of the processor. As in the example of fig. 6, the sum of the number of the reference members and the number of the auxiliary members is 2 times (preferably, an integral multiple) the number of the positioning members, and the reference members and the auxiliary members are uniformly distributed between the positioning members. Because a reference component is additionally arranged between the positioning components c and b, the photoelectric switch is triggered twice from c to b, an auxiliary component is additionally arranged between other positioning components, and the photoelectric switch is triggered twice when any two adjacent positioning components are switched, so that the counting and processing of a processor are facilitated. In addition, no matter clockwise or anticlockwise rotation is achieved, an auxiliary component or a reference component is arranged in front of each positioning component, so that the purpose of dynamically adjusting the rotating speed of the motor by means of early speed reduction can be achieved by means of the trigger signal, overshoot of the direct-current motor is reduced to the minimum, and the effect of accurately positioning the moving plate is achieved. All the auxiliary component characteristic sizes are larger than or equal to the positioning component characteristic sizes, and the reference component characteristic size is far larger than all the positioning component and auxiliary component characteristic sizes.

Adopt the utility model discloses a rotary valve of spacer is when last electricity, rotates automatically as required and look for reference part 14, and after reference part 14 confirmed, all locating component and auxiliary component's position can be confirmed. The driving shaft of the DC motor 10 rotates to drive the moving plate driving shaft 4, the positioning plate 11 and the moving plate 3 to rotate simultaneously, and the serial number of the positioning part at the photoelectric switch 12 determines the on-off of a certain channel. As shown in fig. 12, the serial number of the positioning component at the photoelectric switch 12 is b, and at this time, the channel slot in the moving plate 3 connects the common channel a and the effective channel b of the stator plate 1, i.e. the channels a-b of the stator plate are connected. When the rotor rotates a certain angle counterclockwise, as shown in fig. 13, the channel slot in the rotor 3 connects the common channel a of the stator 1 and the effective channel i, i.e. the channels a-i are connected. Because the positioning plate and the follow-up plate rotate together for a certain angle, the positioning component i is positioned at the photoelectric switch 12 at the moment, and the photoelectric switch 12 is triggered to transmit signals. Based on the feedback of the positioning sheet and the photoelectric switch, whether the actual rotating angle of the motor meets the requirement can be effectively judged.

The direct current motor has the advantages of small volume and large torque, for example, a smaller direct current motor is used and then combined with a speed reducer with a larger speed reduction ratio, so that the volume of the rotary valve is reduced to be smaller, the whole weight is reduced to be lighter, the manufacturing cost is lower, a control circuit of the direct current motor is simpler and more reliable than a driving circuit of a stepping motor, when the direct current motor is overloaded, the direct current motor can output larger power and torque through automatically increasing current in a large range, and the occurrence of overload locked rotor is greatly reduced. The rotary valve with the design is beneficial to miniaturization and light weight of equipment. And because of combining the locating plate and the feedback of the photoelectric switch, the whole control becomes a closed loop system, whether the motor rotates or not and whether the actual rotating angle of the moving plate meets the requirement can be obtained through feedback, and no accumulative error or accumulative error exists.

The technical means disclosed by the scheme of the present invention is not limited to the technical means disclosed by the above embodiments, but also includes the technical scheme formed by the arbitrary combination of the above technical features.

Claims (9)

1. A rotary valve spacer, comprising: the positioning piece comprises a circular positioning piece body, wherein a plurality of positioning parts are distributed on the periphery of the positioning piece body, the positioning parts at least comprise effective positioning parts, and the number of the effective positioning parts at least corresponds to the number of effective channels of the rotary valve; the position of the effective positioning part is matched with the position of the effective channel of the rotary valve; at least one reference component is distributed on the periphery of the positioning sheet.

2. A rotary valve spacer of claim 1, wherein: n auxiliary components are further distributed on the periphery of the positioning sheet body.

3. A rotary valve positioning plate as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the characteristic dimension of the reference member is different from the characteristic dimensions of all the positioning members, and when the positioning sheet body has the auxiliary members, the characteristic dimension of the reference member is different from the characteristic dimensions of all the auxiliary members.

4. A rotary valve spacer of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the positioning component, the reference component and the auxiliary component adopt at least one of the following forms: holes, slots, notches, bosses or contacts.

5. A rotary valve spacer of claim 1, wherein: the characteristic size of the positioning component is matched with that of the trigger switch.

6. A rotary valve spacer of claim 2, wherein: the auxiliary feature size is greater than or equal to the positioning feature size.

7. A rotary valve spacer of claim 2, wherein: the sum of the number of the reference components and the number of the auxiliary components is integral multiple of the number of the positioning components, and the reference components and the auxiliary components are uniformly distributed among the positioning components.

8. The utility model provides a rotary valve, includes rotor, stator, rotor drive shaft which characterized in that: the rotary valve positioning piece of any one of claims 1 to 7, a direct current motor and a trigger switch; the rotary valve positioning sheet is fixedly connected with the moving sheet and synchronously acts with the moving sheet; the direct current motor driving shaft is connected with the positioning plate and the moving plate through the moving plate driving shaft; the trigger switch is arranged beside the positioning sheet, and the positioning part on the positioning sheet can trigger the trigger switch.

9. A rotary valve as set forth in claim 8 wherein: the positioning plate is fixedly connected with the moving plate through a connecting part.

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