CN217831887U - Air-cooled electric spindle with stable tool changing structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of equipment, concretely relates to possess air-cooled electric main shaft who stabilizes tool changing structure, include: the motor comprises a shell, a stator, a rotor, a shaft core and a stabilizing assembly which are coaxially arranged from outside to inside, wherein the stabilizing assembly comprises a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat which are arranged in front of and behind the rotor, and the rear end of the shell is provided with a turbofan; the shaft core is internally provided with a pull rod for pulling and pushing an external replaceable cutter, and the rear end of the pull rod is coaxially and movably connected with a cascade cylinder. Through rear end housing and spring butt rear bearing inner gear reinforcing rear end stable, the tight sleeve cooperation presss from both sides the cover butt front bearing inner gear reinforcing front end stable, nearly font oil blanket does benefit to sealed cooling, automatic tool changing is accomplished to draw-in groove pinhole cooperation pull rod, cascade preceding stage jar 552 and back stage jar 553 axial thrust-to-thrust traction propelling movement pull rod, turbofan continuously provides cooling kinetic energy, preceding cold runner and back cold runner guarantee integral stabilization cooling, further realize possessing the comprehensive stable and safe convenient efficiency of the air-cooled electric main shaft who stabilizes the tool changing structure.

Description

Air-cooled electric spindle with stable tool changing structure

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of equipment, concretely relates to possess air-cooled electric main shaft who stabilizes the tool changing structure.

Background

The electric spindle is commonly used in the field of numerical control machines or machining centers, can be perfectly matched with a spindle for high-speed machining, serves as a combined transmission structure of a motor and a spindle, is independently formed into a spindle unit from a transmission system and an integral structure of equipment, and has the advantages of high rotating speed, high precision, low noise motion characteristics, compact structure and quick response. The automatic tool changing structure requires accurate and stable matching of the cascade cylinder pull rod, is compact in structure and quick in response, and corresponds to the 7/24 taper of the tool shank and the national standards of No. 40, no. 45 and No. 50 tapers; after the cutter is preset, the cutter is placed into a cutter tower or a cutter magazine, and the manipulator finishes grabbing and plugging, so that a stable automatic cutter changing structure and a reliable cooling device must be configured to ensure the stability, high efficiency, accuracy and low noise of the electric spindle.

In order to keep the high rotating speed, high precision and low noise of the electric spindle, the effective air cooling effect is obvious and the application is wide, the defects are that enough heat dissipation kinetic energy and sufficient cooling flow channels are required, and particularly, a stable automatic tool changing structure and a reliable air cooling device are key factors which are difficult to attack and strengthen for a special electric spindle with high rotating speed and high precision.

The traditional Chinese patent with publication number CN214392369U discloses a self-balancing electric spindle with automatic pre-tightening function, which comprises a spindle assembly, a shell assembly, an upper balance head assembly, a disc spring and lower balance head assembly, a bearing pre-tightening force automatic adjusting and bearing assembly, an automatic balancing device, a cooling water system and a bearing lubricating system, wherein the cooling water system comprises a stator cooling water system, a rotor cooling water system and a bearing cooling water system. Through addding the utility model discloses an each sensor, pretightning force self-modulation mechanism, upper and lower balanced subassembly, automatic control appearance and cooling device, the life of extension electricity main shaft avoids shutting down and repairs the maintenance, has improved product quality and productivity.

The above prior art solution has the following drawbacks: although the problem of prolonging the service life of the electric spindle is solved, and the technical problem of stopping the machine for maintenance is solved, the scheme still lacks a precise and stable automatic tool changing structure, so that the stable and precise important function of high-speed or ultrahigh-speed machining of the electric spindle cannot be ensured.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing an accurate stable automatic tool changing problem is solved to the forced air cooling electricity main shaft that possesses stable tool changing structure correspondence to the messenger possesses stable high efficiency and accurate reliable of forced air cooling electricity main shaft who stabilizes the tool changing structure.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an air-cooled electric spindle who possesses stable tool changing structure, include: the shell, the stator, the rotor and the shaft core are coaxially arranged from outside to inside;

a turbofan for coaxial cooling is attached to the rear end of the shell;

the stabilizing assembly comprises a front bearing seat and a rear bearing seat which are arranged at the front and the rear of the rotor, a pull rod is attached in the shaft core and used for coaxially pulling and pushing an external replaceable cutter, and the pull rod is provided with a pin hole and a clamping groove corresponding to the external replaceable cutter;

the front end of the pull rod is concavely provided with an inner arc surface which is attached to the tail end of the external replaceable cutter; the rear end of the pull rod is coaxially and movably connected with a cascade cylinder used for pulling and pushing the pull rod.

Furthermore, front bearings are coaxially arranged in the front and the back of the front bearing seat, back bearings are coaxially arranged in the front and the back of the back bearing seat, and the stabilizing assembly further comprises clamping sleeves which are coaxially abutted with inner gears between the front bearings and between the back bearings;

the inner gear of the front bearing is coaxially abutted with a fastening sleeve, and a front end cover for stable sealing is connected between the fastening sleeve and the front bearing seat;

the front side of the front end cover is concavely provided with a reversed V-shaped oil seal for reinforcing sealing.

Furthermore, the stabilizing assembly also comprises a pre-tightening seat coaxially abutted to the front end of the rear bearing seat;

a spring is attached to the interior of the pre-tightening seat and used for stably pre-tightening the rear bearing;

and the rear end of the rear bearing seat is coaxially abutted with a rear end cover.

The stabilizing assembly further comprises a bushing, a front-stage cylinder and a rear-stage cylinder which are coaxially and movably connected with the cascading cylinder from front to back, an inner hole of the bushing is attached to the shaft end of the front-stage cylinder, and the inner periphery of a flange of the bushing is attached to the outer periphery of the front edge of the front-stage cylinder;

the rear end of the lining is abutted against the front end of the backing cylinder;

the front cylinder and the rear cylinder are in cascade recursion connection, and an air hole is formed in the center of the rear end of the rear cylinder and used for communicating the front end of the front cylinder;

the preceding stage jar with between the back stage jar and all be equipped with the cavity of equidimension between bush and preceding stage jar.

Furthermore, the stabilizing assembly also comprises a plurality of longitudinal through holes and longitudinal through holes which are coaxially arranged at the periphery of the front bearing seat and the periphery of the front end cover correspondingly; a plurality of longitudinal through holes are circumferentially formed in the front end and the rear end of the shell, and a plurality of transverse holes are communicated between the longitudinal through holes and the longitudinal through holes.

Furthermore, the stabilizing assembly also comprises an air cooling cavity accommodated outside the pre-tightening seat;

the longitudinal through hole, the transverse hole and the air cooling cavity are connected with a front cold runner.

Furthermore, the stabilizing assembly further comprises an air cooling cavity contained in the front of the turbofan and a joint used for connecting an external air pump is arranged on the periphery of the casing, and the air cooling cavity, the longitudinal through hole, the transverse hole and the inner cavity of the casing are connected with a rear cold runner.

Furthermore, the stabilizing assembly also comprises a plurality of nozzles arranged on the circumferential direction of the front bearing seat;

the nozzle pipe is connected with the longitudinal through hole.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the front bearing and the rear bearing are abutted with the inner gear of the clamping sleeve to ensure that the axial structure is stable and the front and rear stress is uniform, the rear end cover is screwed on the shaft core and then is abutted with the inner gear of the rear bearing in a matching manner to enhance the axial stability of the rear end, and the fastening sleeve is screwed on the shaft core and then is abutted with the inner gear of the front bearing in a matching manner to enhance the axial stability of the front end; the rear bearing is pre-tightened by a spring to reinforce and reduce noise, and the shaft core, the rotor, the stator, the shell, the cascade cylinder, the pull rod and the turbofan are coaxial and maintain good dimensional, shape and position precision, so that stable circumferential reinforcement and axial balanced stress are ensured; the surface of the n-shaped oil seal is coated with a lubricating film to adsorb impurities, and a sealing medium is placed in the bent gap for a long time and is difficult to overflow to realize stable sealing and cooling; the pin hole movable pin achieves positioning of a pull rod and an external replaceable cutter, the clamping groove is matched with the convex edge to complete pushing of the pull rod, the bushing can circumferentially support the cascade air cylinder, the front-stage cylinder and the rear-stage cylinder which are combined in a cascade mode are axially pushed to achieve traction and pushing of the pull rod, a counter bore in the top end of the air cylinder is attached to and abutted against the tail end of the pull rod to keep axial stability and restrain radial runout, and an equal-depth cavity between the cascade air cylinders keeps axial stress uniformity and air pressure balance; streamlined turbofan has the function that reduces the dominant direction windage concurrently, reduces backward flow wind-force and last drive, and the interior circumference of turbofan periphery laminating casing is ensured seamless and is shown with cooling effect, satisfies comprehensively that the forced air cooling electricity main shaft that possesses stable tool changing structure is high-efficient lasting and reliable refrigerated demand.

2. The dust removal and cooling effect can be achieved by adding the nozzle, the longitudinal through hole, the transverse hole and the air-cooling cavity form a front cold runner and indirectly cool the front bearing, the air-cooling cavity, the shell inner cavity, the longitudinal through hole and the transverse hole form a rear cold runner and indirectly cool the rear bearing, a stable cooling channel from back to front and a system cooling space from outside to inside are formed, and the effects of durability, reliability, safety and convenience of the air-cooled motorized spindle with the stable tool changing structure are further achieved.

In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a front view of an air-cooled motorized spindle with a stable tool changing structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 1.

In the figure:

1. a housing; 11. a turbo fan;

2. a stator;

3. a rotor;

4. a shaft core;

5. a stabilizing assembly; 51. a front bearing seat; 511. a front bearing; 512. fastening sleeves; 513. a front end cap; 514. A n-shaped oil seal; 515. longitudinally penetrating the hole; 516. a longitudinal through hole; 517. longitudinally perforating; 518. a transverse hole; 52. a rear bearing seat; 521. a rear bearing; 522. pre-tightening the base; 523. a spring; 524. a rear end cap; 525. a gas-cooled cavity; 53. a pull rod; 531. a pin hole; 532. a card slot; 533. an intrados surface; 54. a cascade cylinder; 541. a bushing; 542. a backing cylinder; 543. a rear stage cylinder; 544. air holes; 545. a cavity; 55. a jacket; 56. a front cold runner; 57. an air-cooled cavity; 571. a rear cold runner; 58. a joint; 59. and (4) a nozzle.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the utility model discloses an air-cooled electric spindle who possesses stable tool changing structure includes: the motor comprises a shell 1, a stator 2, a rotor 3 and a shaft core 4 which are coaxially arranged from outside to inside, wherein a turbofan 11 for coaxially cooling is attached to the rear end of the shell 1, and a stabilizing assembly 5 for tool changing is arranged between the shaft core 4 and the shell 1; the stabilizing component 5 comprises a front bearing seat 51 and a rear bearing seat 52 which are arranged in front of and behind the rotor 3, a pull rod 53 is arranged in the shaft core 4 in a matching mode and used for coaxially pulling and pushing an external replaceable cutter, the pull rod 53 is provided with a pin hole 531 and a clamping groove 532 corresponding to the external replaceable cutter, and the front end of the pull rod 53 is concavely provided with an inner arc surface 533 which is attached to the tail end of the external replaceable cutter; the rear end of the pull rod 53 is coaxially and movably connected with a cascade cylinder 54 for pulling the pull rod 53; the front bearing support 51 is provided with a front bearing 511 coaxially in the front-rear direction, and the rear bearing support 52 is provided with a rear bearing 521 coaxially in the front-rear direction. The stabilizing component 5 further comprises a jacket 55 which is coaxially abutted by inner gears between the front bearings 511 and the rear bearings 521, the inner gears of the front bearings 511 are coaxially abutted by a fastening sleeve 512, a front end cover 513 for stabilizing sealing is connected between the fastening sleeve 512 and the front bearing seat 51, and a zigzag oil seal 514 for strengthening sealing is concavely arranged on the front side of the front end cover 513.

The stabilizing assembly 5 further comprises a bushing 541, a front cylinder 542 and a rear cylinder 543 which are coaxially and movably connected with the cascade cylinder 54 from front to back, an inner hole of the bushing 541 is jointed with the shaft end of the front cylinder 542, the inner periphery of a flange of the bushing 541 is jointed with the outer periphery of the front edge of the front cylinder 542, the rear end of the bushing 541 is jointed with the front end of the front cylinder 542, the front cylinder 542 and the rear cylinder 543 are connected in a cascade and incremental mode, an air hole 544 is formed in the center of the rear end of the rear cylinder 543 and used for communicating the front end of the front cylinder 542, and a cavity 545 with the same depth is formed between the front cylinder 542 and the rear cylinder 543 and between the bushing 541 and the front cylinder 542.

As is apparent, the look-ahead collation socket 512, the pretension mount 522, the pull rod 53 and the cascade cylinder 54. Automatic tool changing process: the cascade air cylinder 54 is ventilated, the pull rod 53 is pushed forward to enable the inner arc surface 533 to be attached to the tail end outer arc surface of the automatic cutter for positioning, the pin hole 531 is pushed into the pin, the external device clamps the cutter, the cutter is ejected out after being cancelled, the pull rod 53 is deflated, pulled and retracted, and automatic cutter changing is finished. The front bearing 511 and the inner gear of the rear bearing 521 are arranged to abut against the jacket 55, so that the axial structure is stable and the stress is uniform, the rear end cover 523 and the spring 524 are matched to abut against the inner gear of the rear bearing 521 to enhance the axial stability of the rear end, the fastening sleeve 512 is matched with the jacket 516 to abut against the inner gear of the front bearing 511 to stabilize the front end axially, the spring 524 is pre-tightened to reinforce and reduce the noise of the rear bearing 521, and the machine shell 1, the stator 2, the rotor 3, the shaft core 4, the pull rod 53, the cascade cylinder 54 and the turbofan 11 are coaxial and maintain the precision, so that the reinforcement balance is ensured; the inverted V-shaped oil seal 514 is sealed and cooled; the push-pull rod 53 is pushed in an axial direction by the aid of the front-stage cylinder 542 and the rear-stage cylinder 543 in the cascade combination without limitation, the pin hole 531 is matched with a pin to position the pull rod 53, the pull rod 53 is pushed by the clamping groove 532, a counter bore at the top end of the cascade cylinder 54 is attached to and abutted against the tail end of the pull rod 53 to keep axial stability and restrain radial run-out, and an equal-depth cavity 545 between the cascade cylinders 54 keeps uniform axial stress and air pressure balance; including but not limited to setting up streamlined turbofan 11 and reducing the main wind, reducing return air and providing kinetic energy, nozzle 59 removes dust and cools off, satisfies comprehensively that the air-cooled electricity main shaft that possesses stable tool changing structure is stable lasting and safe and reliable's demand.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the utility model discloses an air-cooled motorized spindle who possesses stable tool changing structure, stabilizing component 5 still include the gas-cooled chamber 525 that pre-tightening seat 522 outer appearance was put, indulge through-hole 515, indulge through-hole 516, indulge through-hole 517, cross bore 518 and gas-cooled chamber 525 and be connected with preceding cold runner 56. The stabilizing assembly 5 further comprises an air cooling cavity 57 accommodated in front of the turbofan 53 and a connector 58 arranged on the periphery of the casing 1 and used for connecting an external air pump, and the air cooling cavity 57, the vertical through hole 517, the horizontal hole 518 and the inner cavity of the casing 1 are connected with a rear cold runner 571. The stabilizing assembly 5 further comprises a plurality of nozzles 59 circumferentially arranged on the front bearing seat 51, and the nozzles 59 are connected with the longitudinal through hole 515.

More specifically, a front cold runner 56 and a front bearing 511 are indirectly cooled by additionally arranging a longitudinal through hole 515, a longitudinal through hole 516, a longitudinal through hole 517, a transverse hole 518 and an air cooling cavity 525, and a rear cold runner 571 and a rear bearing 521 are indirectly cooled by the air cooling cavity 58, the inner cavity of the shell 1, the longitudinal through hole 517 and the transverse hole 518, so that a stable cooling channel from back to front and a cooling space of an outside-in system are formed, and the air-cooled electric spindle with the stable tool changing structure has the effects of overall stability, safety and convenience.

In summary, in this embodiment, the inner stops of the front bearing 511 and the rear bearing 521 are abutted to the jacket 55, so that the axial stability and the uniform stress can be achieved, the rear end cover 523 and the spring 524 are abutted to the inner stop of the rear bearing 521 in a matching manner to enhance the axial stability of the rear end, the fastening sleeve 512 is abutted to the inner stop of the front bearing 511 in a matching manner to enhance the axial stability of the front end, and the spring 524 is pre-tightened to ensure the reinforcement stability of the rear bearing 521; the n-shaped oil seal 514 is favorable for sealing and cooling; the front-stage cylinder 542 and the rear-stage cylinder 543 of the cascade combination axially push and pull the push pull rod, the pin hole 531 is matched with the movable pin to position the pull rod 53, the clamping groove 532 pushes the pull rod 53, and the counter bore at the top end of the cascade cylinder 54 is attached to the tail end of the pull rod 53 to keep axial stability and restrain radial run-out; the equal-depth cavities 545 among the cascade air cylinders 54 keep uniform axial stress and balanced air pressure; the streamlined turbofan 11 is arranged to reduce main air, reduce return air and continuously supply energy, the nozzle 59 removes dust and cools, the longitudinal through hole 515, the longitudinal through hole 516, the longitudinal through hole 517, the transverse hole 518 and the air cooling cavity 525 form a front cold runner 56, the air cooling cavity 58, the inner cavity of the machine shell 1, the longitudinal through hole 517 and the transverse hole 518 form a rear cold runner 571, and the rear stable cooling channel and the outside-in system cooling space are formed, so that the comprehensive, stable, safe and convenient effects of the air cooling electric spindle with the stable tool changing structure are achieved.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as a specific case by those skilled in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or relationships based on the orientations or relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In light of the foregoing, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. An air-cooled motorized spindle with a stable tool changing structure, comprising: the motor comprises a shell (1), a stator (2), a rotor (3) and a shaft core (4) which are coaxially arranged from outside to inside;

a turbofan (11) for coaxial cooling is attached to the rear end of the casing (1);

a stabilizing component (5) for tool changing is arranged between the shaft core (4) and the casing (1); the stabilizing assembly (5) comprises a front bearing seat (51) and a rear bearing seat (52) which are arranged in front of and behind the rotor (3), a pull rod (53) is arranged in the shaft core (4) in a fitting mode and used for coaxially pulling and pushing an external replaceable cutter, and the pull rod (53) is provided with a pin hole (531) and a clamping groove (532) corresponding to the external replaceable cutter;

the front end of the pull rod (53) is concavely provided with an inner arc surface (533) which is attached to the tail end of the external replaceable cutter; the rear end of the pull rod (53) is coaxially and movably connected with a cascade cylinder (54) used for pulling and pushing the pull rod (53).

2. The air-cooled motorized spindle with the stable tool changing structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front bearing seat (51) is coaxially provided with a front bearing (511) at the front and the back, the rear bearing seat (52) is coaxially provided with a rear bearing (521) at the front and the back, and the stabilizing assembly (5) further comprises a jacket (55) which is coaxially abutted by inner gears between the front bearing (511) and the rear bearing (521);

a fastening sleeve (512) is coaxially abutted to the inner gear of the front bearing (511), and a front end cover (513) for stable sealing is connected between the fastening sleeve (512) and the front bearing seat (51);

the front side of the front end cover (513) is concavely provided with a zigzag oil seal (514) for enhancing sealing.

3. The air-cooled motorized spindle with the tool changing stabilizing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the stabilizing assembly (5) further comprises a pre-tightening seat (522) coaxially abutted against the front end of the rear bearing seat (52);

a spring (523) is arranged in the pre-tightening seat (522) in a fitting manner and used for stably pre-tightening the rear bearing (521);

the rear end of the rear bearing seat (52) is coaxially abutted with a rear end cover (524).

4. The air-cooled motorized spindle with the tool changing stabilizing structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stabilizing assembly (5) further comprises a bushing (541), a front-stage cylinder (542) and a rear-stage cylinder (543) which are coaxially and movably connected with the cascade cylinder (54) from front to back, an inner hole of the bushing (541) is attached to the shaft end of the front-stage cylinder (542), and an inner periphery of a flange of the bushing (541) is attached to an outer periphery of a front edge of the front-stage cylinder (542);

the rear end of the lining (541) abuts against the front end of the front-stage cylinder (542);

the front cylinder (542) and the rear cylinder (543) are connected in a cascade recursion manner, and an air hole (544) is formed in the center of the rear end of the rear cylinder (543) and used for communicating the front end of the front cylinder (542);

equal-depth cavities (545) are arranged between the front-stage cylinder (542) and the rear-stage cylinder (543) and between the bushing (541) and the front-stage cylinder (542).

5. The air-cooled motorized spindle with the stable tool changing structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the stabilizing assembly (5) further comprises a plurality of longitudinal through holes (515) and longitudinal through holes (516) coaxially arranged at the periphery of the front bearing seat (51) and the periphery of the front end cover (513) correspondingly; a plurality of longitudinal through holes (517) are circumferentially formed in the front end and the rear end of the shell (1), and a plurality of transverse holes (518) are communicated between the longitudinal through holes (517) and between the longitudinal through holes (515) and the longitudinal through holes (517).

6. The air-cooled motorized spindle with a stable tool changing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the stabilizing assembly (5) further comprises a gas-cooled cavity (525) accommodated outside the pre-tightening seat (522);

the longitudinal through hole (515), the longitudinal through hole (516), the longitudinal through hole (517), the transverse hole (518) and the air cooling cavity (525) are connected with a front cold runner (56).

7. The air-cooled motorized spindle with the stable tool changing structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein the stabilizing assembly (5) further comprises an air-cooled cavity (57) accommodated in front of the turbofan (11) and a joint (58) arranged on the periphery of the housing (1) and used for connecting an external air pump, and the air-cooled cavity (57), the longitudinal through hole (517), the transverse hole (518) and the inner cavity of the housing (1) are connected with a rear cold runner (571).

8. The air-cooled motorized spindle with a stable tool changing structure as set forth in claim 5, characterized in that the stabilizing assembly (5) further comprises a plurality of nozzles (59) circumferentially disposed on the front bearing seat (51);

the nozzle (59) is connected with the longitudinal through hole (515).

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