CN217828033U - Universal intramedullary nail fixing system - Google Patents

Abstract

This patent relates to a universal intramedullary nail fixation system comprising: intramedullary nails; the insertion handle is integrally n-shaped, an embedding sleeve is arranged at the end part of one side arm of the insertion handle, an intramedullary nail insertion reference surface is arranged on the other side arm of the insertion handle, and the embedding sleeve is matched with the top end of the intramedullary nail; the sighting device is arranged on the other side wall of the insertion handle, the upper end of the sighting device is attached to the insertion reference surface of the intramedullary nail, and the lower end of the sighting device is provided with a sleeve mounting hole; the sleeve comprises a threaded sleeve and a combined sleeve, and a flange is arranged at the end of the sleeve and is arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve. The universal aiming device which is designed and universal for primary and secondary intramedullary nails and blade intramedullary nails through the scheme is used for improving the universality of various intramedullary nail fixing systems. And ensures good working performance under each intramedullary nail.

Description

Universal intramedullary nail fixing system

Technical Field

The patent relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a universal intramedullary nail fixing system.

Background

Intertrochanteric femoral fractures refer to fractures between the base of the femoral neck to the level of the lesser tuberosity, a type of hip fracture common in the elderly.

The blade nail intramedullary nail and the primary and secondary nail intramedullary nail in the prior art are gradually widely applied to the treatment of the intertrochanteric fracture, and the unique structural design of the blade nail intramedullary nail and the primary and secondary nail intramedullary nail respectively leads the blade nail intramedullary nail and the secondary nail intramedullary nail to present different advantages in the process of treating the intertrochanteric fracture.

The son-mother nail intramedullary nail system has better biomechanical characteristics compared with a blade nail intramedullary nail, has stronger fixing stability and more effective anti-rotation, and has advantages on fixing stability and anti-rotation for patients with complex lateral greater trochanter fracture, proximal femoral lateral cortical fracture and unstable intertrochanteric fracture. But the blade nail intramedullary nail has short operation time compared with the primary-secondary nail intramedullary nail, less intraoperative hemorrhage and postoperative drainage, relatively simple operation and less bone loss to the senile osteoporosis patients. Therefore, the doctor may choose to use the blade intramedullary nail and the son-mother intramedullary nail according to the actual condition of the patient during the operation.

However, clinically, the surgical instruments of the blade nail intramedullary nail and the son nail intramedullary nail are not completely universal, and especially the aiming device is completely different, so that the selection of the intramedullary nails in the implementation process of a specific scheme is greatly limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The intramedullary nail fixing system is provided based on the defects in the prior art, and the technical problem to be solved is to provide the universal intramedullary nail fixing system which can be universally used for a primary-secondary intramedullary nail and a blade intramedullary nail, so that the efficiency of the installation of the intramedullary nail is improved.

In order to solve the above problem, the technical scheme provided by the patent comprises:

a universal intramedullary nail fixation system, comprising:

the intramedullary nail comprises a blade intramedullary nail and primary and secondary intramedullary nails, and the top end of each intramedullary nail is provided with two concave grooves with upward openings;

the intramedullary nail inserting device comprises an inserting handle, wherein the whole inserting handle is n-shaped, an embedding sleeve is arranged at the end part of one side arm of the inserting handle, an intramedullary nail inserting reference surface is arranged on the other side arm of the inserting handle, and the axis of the embedding sleeve and the axis of one side arm of the inserting handle form an included angle of 5 degrees; the bushing is matched with the top end of the intramedullary nail; the side arm is also provided with a fixing screw which fixes the bushing and the intramedullary nail;

the sighting device is arranged on the other side arm of the insertion handle, the upper end of the sighting device is attached to the insertion reference surface of the intramedullary nail, and the lower end of the sighting device is provided with a sleeve mounting hole; a cover plate and a clamping piece are arranged in the sleeve mounting hole, a guide groove is formed between the cover plate and the sleeve mounting hole, the clamping piece is arranged in the guide groove in a sliding mode, an elastic piece is arranged on the clamping piece, and the elastic piece exerts elastic force on the clamping piece so as to keep the clamping piece at a first position in the guide groove; the clamping piece is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is opposite to the sleeve mounting hole; when the card moves at least a second position against the elastic force, the overlapping area of the through hole on the card and the sleeve mounting hole is larger than that of the through hole on the card and the sleeve mounting hole when the card moves at the first position;

a sleeve including a threaded sleeve and a union sleeve, an end of the sleeve being provided with a flange disposed along an axial direction of the sleeve, the flange being blocked by the card in a first position when the sleeve is inserted into the sleeve mounting hole, and the card allowing the sleeve to pass through a through-hole in the card in a second position when the sleeve is inserted into the sleeve mounting hole. The card is wholly flaky, the side edge structure of the card is matched with the guide groove, the top end of the card is higher than the sleeve mounting hole of the sighting device, and the card is provided with a finger groove for fingers to press. The back of the card is provided with the elastic sheet, the elastic sheet is integrally L-shaped, the upper end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected with the card and extends downwards, and the lower end of the elastic sheet is a horizontal elastic arm. Preferably, the cover plate includes a mounting portion extending in a direction in which the mounting hole extends, and a cover portion having a panel portion extending in an up-down direction and forming a guide groove with an end of the mounting hole of the sight.

Preferably, the resilient arm resiliently abuts against a top end of the sight mounting hole.

Preferably, the through hole of the card is provided with an outward inclined surface, and the outer edge of the flange is also formed as an outward inclined surface matched with the inclined surface, so that when the sleeve is mounted in the sleeve mounting hole, the card is driven to move downwards to overcome the elastic force of the elastic sheet under the guiding action of the inclined surface to automatically open the mounting path as long as the sleeve is continuously pushed inwards. When the sleeve is installed and positioned, the front surface of the flange abuts against the end of the mounting hole of the sighting device, and the rear surface is flat and cannot drive the card to move, so that the sighting device can be stably clamped on the sighting device. This facilitates the installation operation.

Preferably, when the sleeve is mounted and positioned, the front surface of the flange abuts against the end of the mounting hole of the sighting device or the outer side surface of the cover plate, and the rear surface is flat and cannot drive the card to move so as to be stably clamped on the sighting device. This facilitates the installation operation.

The universal aiming device which is designed and universal for primary and secondary intramedullary nails and blade intramedullary nails through the scheme is used for improving the universality of various intramedullary nail fixing systems. And ensures good working performance under each intramedullary nail.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the embodiments of the present specification, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a blade nail intramedullary nail according to the present patent;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the intramedullary nail of this patent;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a threaded sleeve;

FIG. 3A is a right side view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of the circled portion of FIG. 3;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the union sleeve;

FIG. 4A is a right side view of FIG. 4; FIG. 4B is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 4A;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the insertion handle;

FIG. 5A is an enlarged view of the encircled portion of FIG. 5;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a proximal sight;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a blade nail intramedullary nail;

FIG. 7A is a top perspective view of the blade nail intramedullary nail;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a master-slave intramedullary nail;

FIG. 8A is a top perspective view of a intramedullary nail of the snap nail;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the sight;

FIG. 10 is a front view of the card

FIG. 10A is a side view of the card;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the union sleeve as inserted into the sight;

fig. 11A, B, C are schematic views of the procedure of inserting the aiming device in combination with the sleeve.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will be made in terms of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application.

In the treatment of femoral fractures, it is desirable in some cases to implant an intramedullary nail to fix the femur to promote bone healing. Intramedullary nail fixation systems generally comprise a intramedullary nail 9 and a bladed intramedullary nail 10 (also called intramedullary nail), as shown in fig. 1 and 2. During operation, the intramedullary nail is fixed to the end of the mounting handle and then manipulated by the mounting handle and other mounting tools to implant the intramedullary nail into the femoral bone marrow from the longitudinal apex of the greater trochanter position, i.e., the upper end of the greater trochanter when the person is upright.

The intramedullary nail is then fixed to the femur at the proximal end of the femur by means of the intramedullary nail, such as blade tension nail 26 or snap tension nails 29, 30, by means of the intramedullary nail, which intersects the tensioning screw, mounted with the aimer on the mounting handle, generally along the direction in which the femoral head extends. In this process, it is first necessary to align the tension screw with the mounting hole on the intramedullary nail by means of the aimer, and to measure the mounting depth of the tension screw, after drilling according to the measured depth, to pass the blade nail or the snap nail through the mounting hole of the intramedullary nail by means of the aimer through the drill, and to fix the tension screw on the femur in the direction of the femoral head.

As mentioned above, the tensioning screws typically include a blade tensioning nail 26 having an outer profile in the shape of a helical blade, and a primary and secondary tensioning screw 29, 30 secured by a primary and secondary screw. In use, as shown in fig. 1, the blade nail is inserted through the through hole in the intramedullary nail 10 and the blade nail is screwed into the femur by operation of the blade to complete the fixation of the intramedullary nail system in the femur.

The primary and secondary tensioning screws generally comprise a primary nail and a secondary nail, wherein in the fixing process, the primary nail is fixed in a mounting hole of the intramedullary nail 9, and then the secondary nail is mounted in a hole of the intramedullary nail 9, so that the primary and secondary nails are mounted.

Because the structure using the tension screws has the difference between the blade nail and the snap nail, the intramedullary nail in the intramedullary nail fixing system also has the difference with different structures of the tension screws. Therefore, the intramedullary nail fixing system can be divided into a blade intramedullary nail fixing system and a primary-secondary intramedullary nail fixing system.

In the intramedullary nail fixing system in the prior art, a counter bore is arranged at the end part of the near end of an intramedullary nail in the blade intramedullary nail fixing system, a groove is arranged at the edge of the counter bore, a convex block and an inner circle of clamping groove are arranged at the matching part of an inserting handle corresponding to the counter bore and the intramedullary nail, the clamping groove is matched with the counter bore at the end part of the intramedullary nail, the convex block is matched with the groove on the intramedullary nail, and then the blade intramedullary nail is fixed on the inserting handle by utilizing a connecting screw. The near end of the intramedullary nail of the primary and secondary nails is designed with two shallow slots, the matching part of the insertion handle and the intramedullary nail is designed with two convex blocks, the convex blocks are matched with the two shallow slots of the intramedullary nail, and the primary and secondary intramedullary nail is fixed on the insertion handle by using a connecting screw.

In addition, at the aimer location on the insertion handle, the sleeve of the blade tensioning screw is a threaded sleeve that includes a threaded sleeve body and a fine adjustment nut that is in threaded engagement with the threaded sleeve body. In addition, the fine adjustment nut is provided with a circle of clamping grooves, and the corresponding position of the near-end sighting device is provided with a clamping device designed by a spring piece. When the device is used, the fine adjustment nut of the threaded sleeve can be matched with the clamping device of the near-end sighting device to prevent the device from backing. The tensioning screw sleeve of the intramedullary nail is a combined sleeve, and because two through holes are axially arranged, the size of the combined sleeve is obviously larger than that of the threaded sleeve, so that the size of the tensioning screw aiming hole of the proximal aiming device of the primary intramedullary nail is larger than that of the tensioning screw aiming hole of the proximal aiming device of the blade nail. Furthermore, there is a ring of shallow grooves in the union sleeve, and the corresponding position of the proximal sight is designed as a screw. When the combined sleeve is used, the combined sleeve is inserted into the near-end sighting device, and then the screws are clamped into the shallow groove parts of the combined sleeve to fix the combined sleeve.

Furthermore, a blade nail through hole is axially formed in the threaded sleeves of the blade tensioning screw and the primary and secondary tensioning screws. When measuring depth, a guide pin drill bushing can be inserted into the through hole, a fine adjustment nut is adjusted to a proper position, and after the guide pin is driven, the depth of the guide pin implanted into the bone is measured by using a special depth measuring ruler. And selecting a proper blade nail, and striking the blade nail into the blade nail intramedullary nail through the threaded sleeve by using the blade nail nailing device. Two through holes of the snap nail are axially formed in the joint sleeve. During depth measurement, a guide pin drill bushing is inserted into the female nail hole, and after a guide pin is driven into the female nail hole, the distance between the tip part of the guide pin and the guide pin drill bushing is measured by using a special depth measuring ruler. And selecting a female nail with a proper specification, and screwing the female nail into a female nail hole of the primary-secondary nail intramedullary nail through the joint sleeve by using a corresponding nail feeding device. And finally, selecting a sub-nail with a proper length, and screwing the sub-nail into a sub-nail hole of the snap-nail intramedullary nail to a proper position through the joint sleeve by using a screwdriver.

In conclusion, the blade intramedullary nail and the primary-secondary intramedullary nail have different aiming modes and different implantation modes due to different structures, so that the unified insertion handle and the aiming device cannot be clinically used. Making the surgical options more limited. This makes the selection of intramedullary nails by the surgeon intraoperatively more limited, and the corresponding intramedullary nail can only be selected by preoperative planning, which may result in improper selection of intramedullary nails, thereby affecting the surgeon's operative time.

To overcome the above-mentioned problems, the present embodiment provides a universal intramedullary nail fixation system to at least partially overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

The embodiment provides a universal intramedullary nail fixing system, which comprises:

an insertion handle 1, which functions to operate the intramedullary nails 9, 10 corresponding to the master-slave intramedullary nail 9 and the blade intramedullary nail 10, respectively, to insert the intramedullary nails 9, 10 into the femur for gripping by the hands of a person and for gripping by a person in other related operations. In this embodiment, the insertion handle is of an n-shaped configuration as a whole. The end part of one side arm of the insertion handle 1 is provided with an inlay sleeve, the other side arm comprises an inlay sleeve 11 which forms an included angle of 5 degrees with an intramedullary nail insertion reference surface, namely the surface A shown in figure 5, and the top end of the inlay sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower end of the insertion handle. Through the arrangement of the included angle, after the intramedullary nail is fixed with the insertion handle, the intramedullary nail can be exactly parallel to the A surface due to the bending angle of 5 degrees at the upper end of the intramedullary nail, and thus, the aiming and implantation operations are facilitated.

The insert 11 and the insertion handle are preferably integrally formed, and the bottom end of the insert is open downward. Two lugs 13 are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the bushing. As shown in fig. 7-8A, the intramedullary nails, including the blade intramedullary nail and the master-slave intramedullary nail, each of the top ends 15 is provided with two grooves 16 which are opened upwards, the grooves are just matched with two projections 13 arranged in the sleeve 11, the two projections can be accommodated in the grooves 16, and thus the relative fixation of the tension screw and the insertion handle in one direction is realized.

The bottom of the insert sleeve is provided with a circle of clamping groove 12, and the clamping groove is matched with the tensioning screw in a protruding mode at the top end of the insert sleeve, including the blade nail and the snap nail, so that the matched position of the tensioning screw in the sleeve is limited at another position, and the tensioning screw is accurately positioned.

The top end of the inlay sleeve is open and is provided with a connecting screw 3, the connecting screw 3 is implanted by a through hole 14 arranged on the insertion handle, and after passing through the inlay sleeve, the lower end is meshed with a through hole 17 arranged at the top (near end) of the intramedullary nail 9, 10, thereby fixing the intramedullary nail 9, 10 on the insertion handle 1.

Through above-mentioned structure, to the unified design of the cooperation structure at two kinds of straining screw tops for the intramedullary nail, no matter be the intramedullary nail in the blade intramedullary nail system or the intramedullary nail in the primary and secondary intramedullary nail system can both install on same kind inserts the handle, and this kind of connected mode is fixed the effect better for every kind of connected mode among the prior art moreover, and positioning accuracy is more accurate.

The bottom end of the other side arm of the insertion handle 1 is provided with a proximal sight 2. The structure of the proximal sight is shown in fig. 6. It comprises a mounting portion, as described above, which abuts against the intramedullary nail insertion reference surface, i.e. the a-surface, and is fixedly mounted on the insertion handle. The upper end of the proximal sight is provided with a locknut 4 to fixedly connect the other side arm and the proximal sight 2, thus fixing the other side arm and the proximal sight 2 together. Preferably, a step is provided on the proximal sight, the a-face of the other side arm abuts against a corresponding plane of the step, and the end of the other side arm abuts against the other plane of the step. Thereby forming a smooth transition between the profile of the operating handle and the aimer both inside and outside to facilitate accurate positioning of the proximal aimer on the insertion handle, and ease of handling and positioning during implantation due to the smooth outer surface of the insertion handle.

The middle part of the near-end sighting device is provided with 2 locking screw sighting holes 19 which are respectively corresponding to the locking screws 21 of the blade intramedullary nail fixing system and the primary-secondary intramedullary nail fixing system and are respectively used for installing the locking screws 21 in corresponding holes 20 on the intramedullary nail. In the embodiment, the aiming holes respectively provided with the two locking screws can enable the blade intramedullary nail fixing system and the primary-secondary intramedullary nail fixing system to adopt the same aiming device when the locking screws are used.

At its bottom end, the sighting device is provided with a socket connection bore 18 for a socket connection corresponding to the tensioning screw. In different tensioning screw types, the blade tensioning screw corresponds to a threaded sleeve, while the primary and secondary tensioning screws correspond to a union sleeve. The tension screws are mounted in the mounting holes 27, 31 of the respective intramedullary nail by operation of the sleeve.

In the prior art, the most complicated aspect is that the depth measurement and the installation mode of the tension screws of the blade intramedullary nail fixing system and the primary-secondary intramedullary nail fixing system are different. The reference surfaces of the blade tensioning screw and the primary and secondary tensioning screws are different during depth measurement, and accordingly, the structures, depth measurement and installation modes of the threaded sleeves and the combined sleeves of the blade intramedullary nail and the primary and secondary intramedullary nails are different. And using the installation tool, the blade intramedullary nail is usually implanted in the femoral head direction by using a hammer strike, and the son-mother intramedullary nail is implanted by rotating and screwing. In this process, it is therefore a matter of consideration if the aiming device is to be versatile, yet the mounting accuracy of each intramedullary nail is sufficiently guaranteed.

In the present embodiment, a threaded sleeve is correspondingly disposed in the blade intramedullary nail fixing system, and a joint sleeve is correspondingly disposed in the primary and secondary intramedullary nail fixing systems. In order to realize that the screw sleeve of blade straining screw, primary and secondary straining screw's joint sleeve can be fixed on same sight to more importantly, can all accomplish its corresponding location, depth sounding, installation function, in this patent, the concrete structure that provides is as follows:

in this embodiment, threaded sleeve 5 includes threaded sleeve main part 7 and fine setting nut 8, the one end that threaded sleeve's sleeve main part is close to fine setting nut 8 is provided with the screw thread, fine setting nut 8 with the one end that has the screw thread on the sleeve main part 7 is connected, fine setting nut is used for adjusting the reference surface of depth finding when blade tensioning screw installs to laminate in actual state. The threaded sleeve is slightly provided with a blade nail driving hole 25 in the axial direction of the threaded sleeve body 7, the blade nail driving hole 25 is a through hole, and a blade tension screw 26 can be implanted into a blade nail hole 27 at the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 10 designed for blade nails through the blade nail driving hole. The construction and the working principle of the trim nut are already the ones existing in the prior art, and therefore the detailed working thereof will not be expanded in this embodiment.

In the coupling part of the threaded sleeve to the sight 2, a flange 231 is arranged between the fine adjustment nut 8 and the threaded sleeve, as shown in fig. 3, said flange being arranged along the circumference of the sleeve. The positioning and aiming mounting of the sleeve is achieved by the flange 231 in combination with the specific structure of the sight 2 in this embodiment (described below).

In this embodiment, the joint sleeve is configured as shown in fig. 4, and includes a sleeve main body and a sleeve, and no adjusting nut is disposed on the joint sleeve, which is determined by the installation manner of the primary and secondary tightening screws. The joint sleeve 6 is axially provided with a snap-pin screwing hole 28, the snap-pin screwing hole 28 is a through hole, and snap- pins 29 and 30 can be implanted into a snap-pin hole 31 at the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 10 designed for the snap-pins through the snap-pin screwing hole by using corresponding instruments. The end of the sleeve of the union sleeve is also provided with a flange 24, said flange 24 being arranged along the circumference of the sleeve. The positioning and aiming mounting of the sleeve is achieved by the flange 24 in combination with the specific structure of the sight 2 in this embodiment (described below).

Due to the flange, in this embodiment, the threaded sleeve 23 and the union sleeve 24 only need to be able to be properly fixed with the aimer 2 by the flange 231, i.e., the installation of the blade tension screw and the master-slave tension screw is achieved by the threaded sleeve 23 and the union sleeve 24, respectively. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the universal and stable connection between the slot of the sleeve and the aiming device is a problem to be solved for the universal and secure function of various tightening screws. In this respect, it is noted that, since the adjusting nut is provided in the threaded sleeve, the union sleeve does not involve the adjusting nut, and therefore the fixing means cannot affect the operation of the corresponding trim nut for depth measurement, and moreover, the fixing means must be easy to disassemble and reliable in the fixed state.

In order to solve the above problem, the connection structure of the sight 2 provided in the embodiment of the present patent is as follows:

the lower end of the sight, corresponding to the sight described above, is provided with a sleeve mounting hole which is shaped to match the shape of the threaded sleeve, i.e. the proximal end of the union sleeve, so that when the threaded sleeve or the union sleeve is inserted into the sight, movement of the sleeve in both directions is limited by the cooperation of the sleeve mounting holes, and it can only slide in the mounting hole in the axial direction of the sleeve.

Therefore, only when the sleeve is fixed, corresponding structures are arranged to fix the sleeve and the sighting device in the axial direction, and when the sleeve is unlocked or installed, the corresponding structures are arranged to allow the sleeve and the installation hole to slide relatively.

In the present embodiment, a cover plate 201 is provided at the lower end of the sight, and the cover plate includes a mounting portion extending in the direction in which the mounting hole extends, and a cover portion having a panel portion extending in the up-down direction and forming a guide groove 202 with the end of the mounting hole of the sight.

The guide groove extends along the up-down direction, the top end and the bottom end of the guide groove are both closed, a card 22 capable of sliding along the sliding groove in the up-down direction is arranged in the guide groove, and the card can only move in the guide groove and cannot be separated from the guide groove because the top end and the bottom end of the guide groove are both closed.

The card 22 is a sheet, the side structure of the card is matched with the guide groove, the top end of the card is higher than the sleeve mounting hole of the sighting device, and a finger groove 221 is formed for pressing by fingers. The back of the card, i.e. the side opposite to the aimer mounting hole, is provided with a spring sheet 222, which is L-shaped as a whole, and its upper end 223 is fixedly connected to the card and extends downward, and its lower end 224 is a horizontal elastic arm, which is elastically abutted against the top end of the aimer mounting hole. When the card is pressed, the card overcomes the elastic force of the elastic arm and moves downwards in the guide groove, and when the applied pressing force disappears, the card is reset under the elastic force of the elastic arm.

The card has a through hole 225 formed therein, the through hole having a shape matching the flange of the sleeve and being larger than the size of the sleeve mounting hole, the bottom end of the through hole of the card blocking the flange when the sleeve is inserted into the sleeve mounting hole when the card is in a natural state, thereby limiting the continued insertion of the sleeve into the sight, and if the sleeve is to be mounted, the finger slot above the card needs to be manipulated to press the card downward to allow the sleeve to continue the path of insertion.

At this time, since the flange cannot be inserted into the sleeve mounting hole, when the front end of the flange abuts against the outer side of the sleeve mounting hole, the front end of the sleeve is positioned in the sight, and at this time, the operation of the finger groove is released, and the card returns to the free position, so that the front surface of the lower side of the card abuts against the rear surface of the flange, thereby achieving the front-rear positioning of the flange, and so that the sleeve is also positioned front-rear, thereby being integrally fixed to the sleeve.

Therefore, the universal installation of the threaded sleeve and the primary and secondary sleeves is realized, and the positioning operation of the fine adjustment nut in the threaded sleeve is not influenced due to the fixing mode of the flange, so that the depth measurement and installation of the blade tensioning screw can be supported.

Further preferably, in this embodiment, the through hole of the card is provided with an outward inclined surface, and the outer edge of the flange is also formed with an outward inclined surface matching with the inclined surface, so that when the sleeve is mounted in the sleeve mounting hole, the card is driven to move downwards against the elastic force of the elastic sheet under the guiding action of the inclined surface to automatically let the mounting path open as long as the sleeve is continuously pushed inwards. When the sleeve is installed and positioned, the front surface of the flange is abutted against the end part of the mounting hole of the sighting device or the outer side surface of the cover plate, and the rear surface is flat and cannot drive the card to move, so that the sleeve can be stably clamped on the sighting device. This facilitates the installation operation.

The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application are described in further detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (4)

1. A universal intramedullary nail fixation system, comprising:

the intramedullary nail comprises a blade intramedullary nail and a primary-secondary intramedullary nail, and the top ends of the intramedullary nails are provided with two grooves with upward openings;

the insertion handle is n-shaped as a whole, an embedding sleeve is arranged at the end part of one side arm of the insertion handle, an intramedullary nail insertion reference surface is arranged on the other side arm, and the axis of the embedding sleeve and the axis of the one side arm of the insertion handle form an included angle of 5 degrees; the bushing is matched with the top end of the intramedullary nail; the side arm is also provided with a fixing screw which fixes the bushing and the intramedullary nail;

the sighting device is arranged on the other side arm of the insertion handle, the upper end of the sighting device is attached to the insertion reference surface of the intramedullary nail, and the lower end of the sighting device is provided with a sleeve mounting hole; the sleeve mounting hole is internally provided with a cover plate and a clamping piece, a guide groove is formed between the cover plate and the sleeve mounting hole, the clamping piece is arranged in the guide groove in a sliding mode, and an elastic piece is arranged on the clamping piece and applies elastic force to the clamping piece so as to keep the clamping piece at a first position in the guide groove; the clamping piece is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is opposite to the sleeve mounting hole; when the card moves at least a second position against the elastic force, the overlapping area of the through hole on the card and the sleeve mounting hole is larger than that of the through hole on the card and the sleeve mounting hole when the card moves at the first position;

a sleeve including a threaded sleeve and a union sleeve, an end of the sleeve being provided with a flange disposed along an axial direction of the sleeve, the flange being blocked by the card in a first position when the sleeve is inserted into the sleeve mounting hole, the card allowing the sleeve to pass through a through-hole in the card in a second position when the sleeve is inserted into the sleeve mounting hole; the card is integrally flaky, the side edge structure of the card is matched with the guide groove, the top end of the card is higher than the sleeve mounting hole of the sighting device, and the card is provided with a finger groove for being pressed by fingers; the cover plate comprises a mounting part and a cover part, the mounting part extends along the extending direction of the mounting hole, the panel part extends along the up-down direction, and a guide groove is formed between the panel part and the end part of the mounting hole of the sighting device; the back of the card is provided with the elastic sheet, the elastic sheet is integrally L-shaped, the upper end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected with the card and extends downwards, and the lower end of the elastic sheet is a horizontal elastic arm.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the resilient arm resiliently abuts the top end of the aimer mounting hole.

3. A universal intramedullary nail fixing system according to claim 2, wherein the through hole of the card is configured as an outward inclined surface, and the outer edge of the flange is also configured as an outward inclined surface cooperating with the inclined surface, so that when the sleeve is mounted in the sleeve mounting hole, the card is driven to move downward against the elastic force of the elastic piece under the guiding action of the inclined surface so as to automatically open the mounting path as long as the sleeve is continuously pushed inward, and when the sleeve is mounted and positioned, the card cannot be driven to move due to the flat shape of the front surface of the flange abutting against the end of the mounting hole of the aiming device, so that the sleeve can be stably mounted on the aiming device.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein when the sleeve is mounted in place, the front surface of the flange abuts against the end of the outer side of the mounting hole or the cover plate of the aiming device, and the rear surface is flat and thus does not drive the card to move so as to be stably locked on the aiming device.

Images