CN217821356U - An automatic variable-diameter throttle orifice adjustment system adapting to different pressure environments - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic reducing orifice plate adjusting system adapting to different pressure environments belongs to the technical field of flow sensing and comprises a main controller, a main pressure detection mechanism and an auxiliary control mechanism; the input end of the main controller is electrically connected with the output end of the main pressure detection mechanism, and the main controller is electrically connected with the multistage auxiliary control mechanisms which are arranged in parallel in a bidirectional mode. Through the sensing control of the main controller and the auxiliary controller, the control of all levels of water flow is more accurate, the structural loss of a pipeline is avoided, and the purposes of pressure reduction and throttling are realized. And moreover, the multistage controller can be set up, so that the whole system can not be crashed due to the error of a certain stage, namely when the certain stage has the error, the stage can be disconnected independently, and the following reducing orifice plate is used.

Description

An automatic variable-diameter throttle orifice adjustment system adapting to different pressure environments

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of flow sensing, in particular to an automatic variable-diameter throttling orifice adjustment system adaptable to different pressure environments.

Background technique

In engineering projects, different methods are often used to reduce the water flow pressure in the pipeline, and the throttle orifice is widely used in projects requiring pressure reduction because of its easy installation and disassembly and simple structure. Regarding the use of throttling orifice plates, especially multi-stage throttling orifice plates, it is necessary to determine the number of stages of orifice plates and the inner diameter of each stage of orifice plates according to the actual water pressure in the pipeline, but in the current environment , most of the diameter reduction of the throttle orifice needs to be disassembled and replaced in the pipeline, and a small part of the throttle orifice has been realized to change the diameter of the internal throttling orifice of the pipeline through manpower and manual mobilization. For example, the publication number is CN113685643A, titled a variable-diameter throttling orifice, proposes a throttling orifice device that can realize artificial diameter reduction, but there is no automatic adjustment scheme for the water pressure in the pipeline in various projects.

Due to the existence of blocking pressure difference, in order to prevent cavitation and cavitation, there are certain requirements for the use of orifice plates in engineering production. In actual production and life, the water pressure in the pipeline is not constant, but is in a process of constant change. When the water pressure in the environment changes, we need to carry out orifice plates with different apertures according to the changed water pressure. Replacement to achieve effective pressure reduction, and some throttling orifices that can be adjusted by external manpower also need to be adjusted manually according to the water pressure. Frequent replacement and adjustment increase the workload, which will cause human and material resources. The waste, and if the adjustment is not accurate, it is easy to cause cavitation and cavitation, which will cause damage to the pipeline.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide an automatic variable-diameter throttle orifice adjustment system adapted to different pressure environments, which can be automatically divided into multiple stages according to the water pressure of the pipeline system and the decompression effect we want to obtain. Throttling and pressure reduction not only automatically divide into multiple stages, but also have aperture preset and correction for each stage, so as to prevent cavitation and cavitation while automatically adjusting aperture according to water pressure.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

An automatic variable-diameter throttle orifice adjustment system adapted to different pressure environments, including a main controller, a main pressure detection mechanism and an auxiliary control mechanism; the input end of the main controller is electrically connected to the output end of the main pressure detection mechanism, The main controller is bidirectionally electrically connected to the multi-level auxiliary control mechanisms arranged in parallel, and the number of multi-level auxiliary control mechanisms is determined according to actual working conditions.

The main pressure detection mechanism is composed of a main water pressure sensor and a main pressure transmitter, the output end of the main water pressure sensor is connected with the input end of the main pressure transmitter, and the output end of the main pressure transmitter is connected with the main controller input connection. The main pressure detection mechanism is used to measure the incoming water pressure of the water flow in the pipeline, wherein the main water pressure sensor obtains the water pressure signal and transmits it to the main pressure transmitter, and the main pressure transmitter converts the pressure signal into a standard The electric signal is transmitted to the main controller, and the main controller is used for receiving the water pressure signal obtained by the pressure detection mechanism.

The auxiliary control mechanism includes an auxiliary controller, the auxiliary controller is electrically connected to the main controller in two directions, the input end of the auxiliary controller is electrically connected to the auxiliary pressure transmitter and the auxiliary water pressure sensor in turn, and the auxiliary pressure transmitter It forms a pressure detection mechanism with the auxiliary water pressure sensor, and the output end of the auxiliary controller is connected with the variable diameter adjustment mechanism.

The variable diameter adjustment mechanism includes a servo driver, the servo driver is electrically connected to the servo motor, and the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the rotating turntable of the variable diameter orifice plate.

The model of the main controller is the same as that of the auxiliary controller; the model of the main water pressure sensor is the same as that of the auxiliary water pressure sensor; the model of the main pressure transmitter is the same as that of the auxiliary pressure transmitter.

Externally input the target pressure through the main controller, and then calculate the required number of variable-diameter orifice plate stages and structural parameters of variable-diameter orifice plates according to the data system through the main controller, and transmit the pressure signal to the auxiliary controller With the parameter information, the auxiliary controller receives the electrical signal from the auxiliary pressure detection mechanism and compares the electrical signal detected by the auxiliary pressure detection mechanism with the pressure signal required by the main controller to determine whether it is the pressure signal required by the main controller. Then select positive mechanism or negative mechanism transmission according to the comparison result, the auxiliary controller transmits the instruction to the servo driver, and the servo driver converts the electrical signal transmitted by the auxiliary controller into a signal that can be accepted by the servo motor, controls the work of the servo motor, and drives the transformer. The diameter of the orifice plate shrinks or expands to adjust the aperture size of the variable diameter orifice plate, and at the same time, the comparison result is fed back to the main controller. At this time, the main controller recalculates the variable diameter orifice plate according to the comparison result. The diameter of the subsequent variable diameter orifice plate.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

Through the sensor control of the main controller and the auxiliary controller, the water flow control at all levels is more precise, which avoids the structural loss of the pipeline and realizes the purpose of reducing pressure and throttling. Thus, the automatic control of the orifice size according to the water pressure is realized, which replaces the original manual operation for different water pressures, and improves the intelligence of the operating system. At the same time, the water pressure sensor can obtain real-time pressure signals, It is beneficial to improve the detection accuracy of the system and optimize the performance of the system. Moreover, the establishment of a multi-stage controller can prevent the entire system from collapsing due to an error in a certain stage, that is, when an error occurs in a certain stage, the connection of this stage can be disconnected separately, and the variable-diameter orifice plate behind it can be used.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the automatic variable-diameter throttling orifice adjustment system of the utility model adapting to different pressure environments;

1-main controller, 2-main pressure detection mechanism, 3-main water pressure sensor, 4-main pressure transmitter, 5-auxiliary controller, 6-servo driver, 7-servo motor, 8-variable diameter throttle Orifice plate, 9-auxiliary water pressure sensor, 10-auxiliary pressure transmitter.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.

As shown in Figure 1, an automatic variable-diameter throttle orifice adjustment system adapting to different pressure environments includes a main controller 1, a main pressure detection mechanism 2 and an auxiliary control mechanism; the input end of the main controller 1 is connected to the main The output end of the pressure detection mechanism 2 is electrically connected, and the main controller 1 is bidirectionally electrically connected with the multi-stage auxiliary control mechanism arranged in parallel. The number of stages of the overall regulating system depends on the actual production situation.

The main pressure detection mechanism 2 is composed of a main water pressure sensor 3 and a main pressure transmitter 4, the output end of the main water pressure sensor 3 is connected with the input end of the main pressure transmitter 4, and the main pressure transmitter 4 The output end is connected with the input end of the main controller 1 . The main pressure detection mechanism 2 is used to measure the incoming water pressure of the water flow in the pipeline, wherein the main water pressure sensor 3 obtains the water pressure signal and transmits it to the main pressure transmitter 4, and the main pressure transmitter 4 transmits the pressure signal The converted electrical signal is sent to the main controller 1, and the main controller 1 is used to receive the water pressure signal obtained by the pressure detection mechanism.

The auxiliary control mechanism includes an auxiliary controller 5, the auxiliary controller 5 is bidirectionally electrically connected to the main controller 1, and the input end of the auxiliary controller 5 is electrically connected to the auxiliary pressure transmitter 10 and the auxiliary water pressure sensor 9 in turn, And the auxiliary pressure transmitter 10 and the auxiliary water pressure sensor 9 form a pressure detection mechanism, the output end of the auxiliary controller 5 is electrically connected with the servo driver 6 and the servo motor 7 in turn, and the output shaft of the servo motor 7 is connected with the variable diameter orifice plate 8 rotating turntable connections.

The model of main controller 1 and auxiliary controller 5 is FX3U-32MT-ES-A; the model of main water pressure sensor 3 and auxiliary water pressure sensor 9 is FST800-1500; the main pressure transmitter 4 and auxiliary pressure transmitter 103051TG1A2B21AB4K5M5.

Externally input the target pressure through the main controller 1, and then calculate the required variable-diameter orifice plate 8 stages and the structural parameters of the variable-diameter orifice plate 8 through the main controller 1 according to the data system, and send them to the auxiliary controller 5 Transmit the pressure signal and parameter information, the auxiliary controller 5 receives the electrical signal from the auxiliary pressure detection mechanism and compares the electrical signal detected by the auxiliary pressure detection mechanism with the pressure signal required by the main controller 1 to determine whether it is the main controller 1, the pressure signal required by 1, and then select positive mechanism or negative mechanism transmission according to the comparison result, the auxiliary controller 5 transmits the instruction to the servo driver 6, and the servo driver 6 converts the electrical signal transmitted by the auxiliary controller 5 into a servo motor The signal received by 7 controls the operation of the servo motor 7, and drives the variable diameter orifice plate 8 to shrink or expand to adjust the size of the aperture of the variable diameter orifice plate 8. At the same time, the comparison result is fed back to the main controller 1. At this time The main controller 1 recalculates the aperture diameter of the orifice plate following the current stage of the orifice plate according to the comparison result.

The diameter can be changed automatically according to the water pressure in different pipelines, and there will be no cavitation or cavitation due to the existence of blocking pressure difference, and it can completely get rid of manpower. Multiple water pressure sensors can obtain the actual pressure of the water flow in the pipeline in real time and output it, so that corresponding adjustments can be made to different environments more quickly. A multi-level auxiliary controller 5 is set up, which contains a negative mechanism, which can integrate and adjust the actual pressure-reducing effect of the structure. The orifice 8 will not cause the collapse of the entire system due to an error in a certain stage, that is, when an error occurs in a certain stage, the connection of this stage can be disconnected separately, and the variable-diameter throttle orifice 8 at the back can be used.

The main water pressure sensor 3 and the auxiliary water pressure sensor 9 are connected to the inner wall of the pipeline through the support, perpendicular to the inner wall of the pipeline and located directly above, real-time detection of the actual water pressure in front of the variable diameter orifice plate 8 at each level and transmitted to the corresponding pressure in the transmitter. The main controller 1 and the auxiliary controller 5 are fixed on the inner wall of the pipeline through a support.

The working process of an automatic variable diameter orifice adjustment system adapting to different pressure environments is as follows:

Before use, first initialize the entire system, and the variable-diameter orifice plates 8 at all levels are opened to the maximum aperture. The system is divided into positive and negative mechanisms;

Positive mechanism: when the fluid flows to the main water pressure sensor 3, the main water pressure sensor 3 converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal, transmits it to the main pressure transmitter 4, and transmits it to the main controller 1 after standardization, and displays it externally Import and export water pressure. According to the actual production and living requirements, the desired pressure standard is manually input, and the main controller 1 calculates according to the formula function set in the data system to determine reasonable parameters at all levels and the number of variable diameter orifice plates 8 as electrical signals Output to the auxiliary controllers 5 at all levels, and the auxiliary controllers 5 at all levels will transmit this signal to the servo driver 6 after obtaining it, and the servo driver 6 will convert the signal into a signal that can be recognized by the servo motor 7 to control the servo motor 7 Work, drive the variable diameter orifice plate 8 that needs to be adjusted to shrink or expand, to adjust the size of the aperture of the variable diameter orifice plate 8; and keep the initialization state unchanged for the unnecessary variable diameter orifice plate 8;

Negative Mechanism: The Negative Mechanism is based on the Positive Mechanism;

When the set outlet pressure has exceeded the decompression range of the n-stage variable-diameter orifice plate 8, an error reminder will be displayed on the screen of the main controller 1;

When the fluid flows to the auxiliary pressure detection mechanism 2 at each level, the auxiliary pressure detection mechanism 2 at each level measures the actual pressure of the fluid, and sends it to the corresponding auxiliary controller 5, and the actual value is calculated in the auxiliary controller 5. Compare it with the theoretical value transmitted by the main controller 1. If the actual value is smaller than the theoretical value, the positive mechanism will run normally; The controller 5 changes according to the actual value, and controls the variable diameter orifice plate 8 of the current stage to adjust the aperture when cavitation and cavitation do not occur in the variable diameter orifice plate 8 of the current stage. At the same time, the auxiliary controller 5 of the current stage The data is fed back to the main controller 1, and the main controller 1 recalculates according to the feedback information, and then sends the latest instructions to the auxiliary controllers 5 at all levels according to the positive mechanism, and continues the positive mechanism.

Among them, each controller calculates according to the formula function set in the data system, and determines reasonable parameters at all levels, specifically:

The main function formulas in the data system are set according to DL/T 5054-2016 "Technical Regulations for Steam and Water Pipelines in Thermal Power Plants" and "HG/T 20570.15-95 Flow Limiting Orifice Plates for Pipelines". Specifically,

Cavitation blocking pressure difference: Δp _s ＝F _L ² (p ₁ -F _f p _v )

Among them, Δp _s is the blocking pressure difference, MPa; p ₁ is the pressure in front of the orifice plate, MPa; F _f is the critical pressure ratio coefficient; F _L is the pressure recovery coefficient, the value is 0.9; p _v is the saturated steam pressure at the corresponding design temperature , MPa; p _c is the thermodynamic critical pressure of liquid, take 22.5MPa.

Number of stages of variable diameter orifice plate 8:

Δp=Δp ₁ +Δp ₂ +Δp ₃ +…+Δp _n

Δp ₁ =2Δp ₂ =4Δp ₃ =...=2 ^n-1 Δp _n

Among them, Δp is the total pressure drop; Δp _n is the pressure drop of the nth stage;

The aperture of variable-diameter orifice plate 8:

Among them, D _k is the aperture of the throttle orifice, mm; G is the flow through the orifice, t/h; ρ is the density of the liquid, kg/m ³ ; Δpi is the pressure difference before and after the variable diameter throttle orifice, MPa , where i is the nth stage variable diameter orifice plate;

The thickness of variable diameter orifice plate 8:

为孔板结构系数，分别取为0.65和0.85；D_i为管道内径，mm；[σ]^t为材料在设计温度下的许用应力；p为设计压力，MPa；Among them, S _c is the thickness of the orifice plate, mm; k,

is the orifice structure factor, which is taken as 0.65 and 0.85 respectively; D _i is the inner diameter of the pipe, mm; [σ] ^t is the allowable stress of the material at the design temperature; p is the design pressure, MPa;

The main controller 1 integrates the number of orifice plate series and the corresponding aperture size in the corresponding pressure reduction range into the main controller 1 through the data system, and determines reasonable parameters through calculation, and then accurately transmits the control signal to the auxiliary equipment at all levels. Controller 5.

When the utility model is actually implemented, the distance L between two adjacent variable-diameter orifice plates 8 should ensure that the water flow to the next-stage auxiliary water pressure sensor 9 is stable, and the auxiliary water pressure sensor 9 can accurately measure. At the same time, regarding the number of stages n, here is an explanation. In order to prevent cavitation during the depressurization process, the pressure that can be reduced by each stage has a certain limit, so the value of n represents the normal performance of the system. Theoretical range of buck.

The utility model and its implementation have been described above. This description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one implementation of the utility model, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. All in all, if a person of ordinary skill in the art is inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the utility model, without creatively designing a structural method and embodiment similar to the technical solution, it shall be protected by the utility model scope.

Claims (7)

1. An automatic variable-diameter throttle orifice adjustment system adapting to different pressure environments, characterized in that it comprises a main controller, a main pressure detection mechanism and an auxiliary control mechanism; the input end of the main controller and the main pressure detection mechanism The output terminal is electrically connected, and the main controller is electrically connected to the multi-level auxiliary control mechanism in two directions. 2. An automatic variable-diameter orifice adjustment system adaptable to different pressure environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: multiple stages of the auxiliary control mechanisms are arranged in parallel. 3. An automatic variable-diameter orifice adjustment system adaptable to different pressure environments according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of multi-stage auxiliary control mechanisms is determined according to actual working conditions. 4. An automatic variable-diameter orifice adjustment system adapting to different pressure environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main pressure detection mechanism is composed of a main water pressure sensor and a main pressure transmitter, and the main The output end of the water pressure sensor is connected to the input end of the main pressure transmitter, and the output end of the main pressure transmitter is connected to the input end of the main controller; the main pressure detection mechanism is used to measure the entry of water flow in the pipeline Water pressure, the main controller is used to receive the water pressure signal obtained by the pressure detection mechanism. 5. An automatic variable-diameter throttle orifice adjustment system adaptable to different pressure environments according to claim 4, characterized in that: the auxiliary control mechanism includes an auxiliary controller, and the auxiliary controller is bidirectional with the main controller Electrically connected, the input end of the auxiliary controller is electrically connected with the auxiliary pressure transmitter and the auxiliary water pressure sensor in turn, and the auxiliary pressure transmitter and the auxiliary water pressure sensor form a pressure detection mechanism, and the output end of the auxiliary controller is connected with the variable diameter adjustment Institutional connections. 6. An automatic variable-diameter orifice adjustment system adaptable to different pressure environments according to claim 5, characterized in that: the variable-diameter adjustment mechanism includes a servo driver, and the servo driver is electrically connected to the servo motor, The output shaft of the servo motor is connected with the rotating turntable of the variable-diameter orifice plate. 7. An automatic variable-diameter throttle orifice adjustment system adapting to different pressure environments according to claim 5, characterized in that: the main controller and the auxiliary controller are of the same type; the main water pressure sensor and the auxiliary controller The models of the water pressure sensors are the same; the models of the main pressure transmitter and the auxiliary pressure transmitter are the same.

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