CN217814639U

CN217814639U - Constant torque hydraulic coupler

Info

Publication number: CN217814639U
Application number: CN202221910294.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐飞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-07-22
Filing date: 2022-07-22
Publication date: 2022-11-15
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a constant-torque hydraulic coupler. It comprises a body shell; a pin wheel and a cycloid rotor are arranged in the body shell; the cycloid meshing pair formed by the pinwheel and the cycloid rotor is packaged in the inner cavity of the body shell through the end cover to form a working cavity filled with hydraulic oil, the corresponding positions of the working cavity are respectively communicated with the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel in the body shell base body, and the cycloid meshing pair, the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel can be matched with the relative rotary motion of the body shell to realize the function of a cycloid pump; the cycloid rotor and the rotation center of the body shell are coaxial and are respectively used as two half shafts for power input and output of the coupler; the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel are connected with an oil distribution system. The advantages are that: the friction loss is little, generate heat lowly, transmission efficiency is high, has reduced mechanical wear simultaneously, has reduced the fault rate, has prolonged life. The whole process of the 'slipping action' only has slight overflow noise and does not have mechanical impact vibration and friction noise, so that the stability and the reliability of the product operation and the vibration and noise level can be obviously improved.

Description

Constant torque hydraulic coupler

Technical Field

The invention relates to a coupler for transmitting torque, in particular to a constant-torque hydraulic coupler.

Background

At present, the majority of couplings used in various torque-transmitting applications on the market are rigid couplings. There are also some flexible couplings for better torque transmission. Either rigid couplings or flexible couplings typically employ mechanical structures such as teeth and splines, which are complex in design and wear during operation, especially in special applications where a constant torque is to be transmitted (exceeding a rated torque requires slip and freewheel). The existing mechanical couplings for limiting torque transmission usually utilize friction force of friction plates to perform torque transmission or slip and idle so as to realize constant torque transmission. For example: the transmission part of the switch machine for the signal basic equipment in the railway system adopts the structure form. The use practice proves that the existing coupler structure has the defects of serious abrasion, large operation vibration, short service life, high use cost and the like. In addition, when the friction plate slips, high temperature and high heat are generated, and the problems such as poor reliability of the mechanism, low transmission efficiency, large running noise and the like are caused.

In the field of hydraulic transmission, gerotor pumps are energy conversion devices that provide medium and low pressures for the delivery of fluids. The basic structure of the cycloid tooth gear comprises a pair of cycloid meshing pairs consisting of a pin gear with a plurality of inscribed circular arc tooth profiles and a rotor which has a short-amplitude epicycloid tooth profile and is meshed with the inner tooth profile of the pin gear; and a pair of oil inlet and outlet channels which are matched with the cycloid meshing auxiliary working oil cavity and are positioned on the body shell. The working principle is as follows: by utilizing the eccentric rotation between the body shell and the excircle of the pin wheel, the volume change of each closed containing cavity between the tooth profile of the pin wheel and the tooth profile of the rotor is continuously generated in the moving process, and the continuous circulation of oil absorption and oil discharge functions is realized by matching with an oil distribution system of an oil inlet and outlet channel. The structure principle can be used as a hydraulic power device. There is no description or suggestion in the prior art of its use in a constant torque coupling.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an application structure which can realize constant torque control and transmission by using a hydraulic system and has certain advantages in reducing abrasion, prolonging service life, improving transmission stability and reliability and reducing operation noise.

In order to solve the technical problem, the constant-torque hydraulic coupler comprises a body shell serving as a transmission half shaft; a needle wheel and a cycloid rotor matched with the needle wheel are arranged in the body shell; the cycloid meshing pair formed by the pinwheel and the cycloid rotor is packaged in the inner cavity of the body shell through the end cover to form a working cavity filled with hydraulic oil, the corresponding positions of the working cavity are respectively communicated with the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel in the body shell base body, and the cycloid meshing pair, the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel can be matched with the relative rotary motion of the body shell to realize the function of a cycloid pump; the cycloid rotor and the rotation center of the body shell are coaxial and are respectively used as two half shafts for power input and output of the coupler; the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel are connected with an oil distribution system, and the oil distribution system can open or prevent the flow of hydraulic oil in the working cavity.

The oil distribution system is positioned in the base body of the body shell and comprises a pair of oil inlet and outlet channels and a combined valve body respectively arranged in the two oil inlet and outlet channels.

And one end of each combined valve body is connected with the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel respectively, and the other ends of the combined valve bodies are communicated with each other.

Each combined valve body consists of a check valve and an overflow valve which are connected in parallel, and the flow direction of the check valve is towards the direction in the working cavity; the overflow direction of the overflow valve is towards the outside of the working cavity.

And a gear used for being connected with an external power system is arranged on the body shell.

And a shaft sleeve for power output is arranged in the rotation center of the cycloid rotor.

Support bearings are arranged between the end cover and the shaft sleeve and between the body shell and the shaft sleeve, and framework oil seals are uniformly arranged on the end faces of the outer sides of the bearings.

And the outer side end face of the end cover is also fixedly provided with a stop cover pressed on the end face of the framework oil seal.

More than one oil storage cavity is further arranged in the base body of the body shell, and the connecting ends of the two combined valve bodies are communicated through the oil storage cavities.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) The cycloid meshing pair formed by the cooperation of the pinwheel and the cycloid rotor is arranged in the body shell, a rigid torque transmission unit can be formed when hydraulic oil of a working cavity is closed, and meanwhile, the pressure setting of the overflow valve is utilized, so that the transmission pair forms cycloid pump motion due to the flow of the hydraulic oil when the pressure is higher than the set oil pressure, and the fixed torque slipping is realized.

(2) The cycloidal meshing pair formed by the cooperation of the pin wheel and the cycloidal rotor is used as a torque transmission unit, the relative sliding motion is realized between the excircle of the pin wheel and the body shell and between the tooth surface of the pin wheel and the tooth surface of the cycloidal rotor during the sliding, and hydraulic oil is filled between the sliding surfaces, so that the friction loss is small, the heat generation is low, the transmission efficiency is high, the mechanical abrasion is reduced, the failure rate is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

(3) The cycloid meshing pair formed by the cooperation of the pinwheel and the cycloid rotor is based on the overflow pressure of the overflow valve when the super-torque slips, so that only slight overflow noise exists in the whole process of the 'slipping action', mechanical impact vibration and friction noise do not exist, and the stability and reliability of product operation and the vibration and noise level can be obviously improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a constant torque hydraulic coupler according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the housing of the constant torque hydraulic coupling of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gear of the constant torque hydraulic coupling of the present invention;

FIG. 4 isbase:Sub>A schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of the constant torque hydraulic coupling of the present invention;

FIG. 6 isbase:Sub>A schematic view of the cross-sectional A-A structure of FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure B-B of fig. 5.

Detailed Description

The constant torque hydraulic coupling of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in the figure, the fixed torque hydraulic coupler of the utility model comprises a body shell 1 as a transmission half shaft, a pinwheel 2 and a cycloid rotor 4 which is matched with the pinwheel to form a cycloid meshing pair 3 are arranged in the body shell 1, and the meshing part forms rolling meshing through the cycloid meshing pair 3; the body shell 1 is provided with a gear 9 which is used for being in transmission connection with an external power system input, the rotation center of the cycloid rotor 4 is provided with a shaft sleeve 10 which is used for power output, the cycloid rotor 4 and the shaft sleeve 10 are connected into a whole through a key, an output shaft is fixedly arranged in the shaft sleeve 10 so as to facilitate the output of rotating speed/torque, a cycloid meshing pair formed by the pinwheel 2 and the cycloid rotor 4 is packaged in the inner cavity of the body shell 1 through an end cover 5 to form a working cavity 6 which is filled with hydraulic oil, when the pinwheel 2 rotates along with the body shell 1, the trend that the cycloid rotor and the pinwheel perform equidirectional rotary motion according to the reduction ratio of one tooth difference is generated between the cycloid rotor and the pinwheel under the action of eccentric force, and therefore each working cavity between the cycloid meshing pairs generates volume change to form cavity pressure in a related cavity; the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel are connected with corresponding oil distribution systems, and the oil distribution systems can open or prevent the flow of hydraulic oil in the working cavity; when the pressure value is lower than the pressure set value set by the oil distribution system, the pressure oil in two areas formed by the working cavity cannot overflow, and at the moment, the hydraulic oil in the working cavity enables the pinwheel to generate output torque to the cycloid rotor, so that the function of outputting torque/rotating speed of the cycloid motor is realized; the cycloid rotor 4 and the body shell 1 coaxially rotate and are respectively used as two half shafts of a coupler; the cycloid meshing pair is utilized to be used as a rotor pump to realize the function of establishing the pressure of a working cavity and also can be used as a cycloid motor to output the rotating speed/torque under the action of the pressure of the working cavity; when the hydraulic oil in the working cavity is prevented from flowing, the body shell 1 and the cycloid rotor are rigidly connected so as to transmit torque/rotating speed; when the pressure in the working cavity is lower than the pressure set by the oil distribution system, the body shell, the needle wheel, the cycloid rotor and the output shaft can be regarded as a relatively static whole (according to the principle that the volume of a pressure medium is not compressible) under the action of the working cavity, and the rotating speed/torque input to the gear can be transmitted to the output shaft at a reduction ratio of tooth difference to realize the motion (rotating speed/torque) output of the rotary machine; when the output resistance torque of the output shaft is increased to ensure that the pressure of hydraulic oil in the working cavity is higher than the set pressure, as the hydraulic oil in the working cavity overflows a pressure medium to an oil suction loop (an oil inlet channel and an oil outlet channel) through an oil distribution system, relative slippage rotation can be generated between the pin wheel and the cycloid rotor, the output rotating speed of the output shaft is zero at the moment, and the output torque is always kept at the set torque. I.e. the "slip torque" set by the switch.

Furthermore, two oil storage chambers are arranged in the base body of the body shell 1, the two oil storage chambers are respectively communicated with high-low pressure areas formed in the working chambers of the cycloid meshing pairs so as to facilitate bearing lubrication, oil filling and air exhausting of the inner cavities and oil passage communication, the oil distribution system is positioned in the base body of the body shell 1 and comprises a pair of oil inlet and outlet passages and a combined valve body 8 which is respectively arranged in the two oil inlet and outlet passages; one end of each of the two combined valve bodies is respectively connected with the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel, and the other ends of the two combined valve bodies are mutually communicated and communicated with the oil storage cavity; each combined valve body 8 consists of a check valve and an overflow valve which are connected in parallel, and the flow direction of the check valve faces to the direction in the working cavity; the overflow direction of the overflow valve is towards the outside of the working cavity.

In the embodiment, 2 integrally-inserted overflow valves with one-way oil supplementing functions are integrated on the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel of the oil distribution system, so that the independent control of torque calibration in each direction during two-way rotation can be realized, the control and calibration of output torque are facilitated, and the adverse effect on the running stability of the coupler caused by the cavitation phenomenon of a hydraulic medium can be avoided.

Still further, as shown in fig. 4, for a specific mounting structure thereof, bearings and skeleton oil seals on outer end faces of the bearings are provided between an inner surface of the end cover 5 and an outer surface of a right side of the shaft sleeve 10 and between an inner surface of a left side of the body case 1 and an outer surface of a left side of the shaft sleeve 10, respectively, to realize rotary sealing; a stop cover 11 on the end face of the framework oil seal is also arranged on the outer side end face (the right end face shown in fig. 4) of the end cover 5 and the left side of the body shell respectively and is used for preventing the oil seal from sliding off.

In addition, the cycloid rotor and the output shaft are in a split structure and are connected into a whole through a key, so that the matching precision of the cycloid meshing pair is improved, and the performance requirement of reducing the running noise is met.

The specific working principle is as follows:

when the gear rotates, the rotating force can drive the pinwheel to rotate, and as the working cavity is filled with hydraulic oil and is in a sealing state, according to the Pascal principle: the liquid in the closed space can conduct pressure to any point in the closed space, and the pressure of each point is equal, so that the pinwheel can compress the liquid on one side in the working cavity to generate the pressure, and the pressure force can be conducted to the cycloid rotor 4, thereby driving the cycloid rotor 4 and the output shaft to rotate.

When the output shaft rotates to a position and cannot rotate, the pressure in the working cavity can be increased steeply, when the pressure is increased to the pressure set by the overflow valve, the valve core in the overflow valve can be opened to drain oil, and the part of the compressed oil can be overflowed to the cavity on the other side of the cycloid meshing pair by the overflow valve to form circular flow.

When the gear rotates for a certain angle, the gear drives the pinwheel to rotate for a corresponding angle according to the tooth difference of the white line gear pair, the volume of one side region is obviously reduced, the volume of the other side region is obviously increased, and the total volume in the working cavity is unchanged, so that the volume of oil overflowing from the overflow valve during slipping and turning is equal to the volume of oil sucked by the oil suction cavity, and the oil circularly flows between the pressure cavity and the oil suction cavity.

It can be seen from the above analysis that the input rotation speed/torque is converted by the change of the working cavity of the cycloid meshing pair, so that the hydraulic oil generates corresponding pressure and flow to drive the cycloid rotor to rotate, and the rotation speed/torque is transmitted to the output shaft through the shaft sleeve to realize the output of the rotation speed/torque, the calibration value of the output torque can be controlled by setting the pressure value of the hydraulic oil, when the output shaft rotates to a position and cannot rotate, the volume of a part of area in the working cavity changes, the pressure increases steeply, when the pressure reaches the pressure set by the overflow valve, the valve core of the overflow valve is opened to drain oil, the volume of the area decreases, the volume of the oil suction cavity on the other side increases, the oil discharged by the overflow valve is sucked to the area with the increased volume on the other side, and the compressed volume is equal to the increased volume on the other side, so that the total oil amount in the working cavity remains unchanged.

Claims

1. A constant-torque hydraulic coupling characterized by: the transmission mechanism comprises a body shell (1) serving as a transmission half shaft, wherein a pin wheel (2) and a cycloid rotor (4) matched with the pin wheel are arranged in the body shell (1); a cycloid meshing pair (3) formed by the pinwheel (2) and the cycloid rotor (4) is packaged in the inner cavity of the body shell (1) through an end cover (5) to form a working cavity (6) filled with hydraulic oil, corresponding positions of the working cavity (6) are respectively communicated with an oil inlet channel and an oil outlet channel in the base body of the body shell (1), and the cycloid meshing pair (3) and the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel can be matched with relative rotary motion of the body shell to realize the function of a cycloid pump; the cycloid rotor (4) is coaxial with the rotation center of the body shell (1) and is respectively used as two half shafts for power input and power output of the coupler; the oil inlet channel and the oil outlet channel are connected with an oil distribution system, and the oil distribution system can open or prevent the flow of hydraulic oil in the working cavity.

2. The constant-torque hydraulic coupling according to claim 1, wherein: the oil distribution system is positioned in a base body of the body shell (1), the oil distribution system comprises a pair of oil inlet and outlet channels and two combined valve bodies (8) respectively arranged in the oil inlet and outlet channels, one ends of the two combined valve bodies (8) are respectively connected with the oil inlet and outlet channels, and the other ends of the two combined valve bodies (8) are mutually communicated.

3. The constant-torque hydraulic coupling according to claim 2, wherein: each combined valve body (8) consists of a one-way valve and an overflow valve which are connected in parallel, and the flow direction of the one-way valve faces to the direction in the working cavity; the overflow direction of the overflow valve is towards the outside of the working cavity.

4. A constant-torque hydraulic coupling according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the body shell (1) is provided with a gear (9) used for being connected with an external power system.

5. The constant-torque hydraulic coupling according to claim 4, wherein: and a shaft sleeve (10) for power output is arranged in the rotation center of the cycloid rotor (4).

6. The constant-torque hydraulic coupling according to claim 5, wherein: support bearings are arranged between the end cover (5) and the shaft sleeve (10) and between the body shell (1) and the shaft sleeve (10), and framework oil seals are arranged on the end faces of the outer sides of the bearings.

7. The constant-torque hydraulic coupling according to claim 6, wherein: and a stop cover (11) pressed on the end face of the framework oil seal is fixedly mounted on the end face of the outer side of the end cover (5).

8. The constant-torque hydraulic coupling according to claim 2, wherein: still be provided with more than one oil storage chamber in the base member of body shell (1), two the link of combination valve body (8) communicates through the oil storage chamber mutually.