CN217810569U - Bridge girder impact loss prevention device with impact energy consumption and transverse displacement prevention functions - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a have concurrently striking power consumption and transversely prevent bridge girder striking loss stopping device of aversion belongs to bridge protection design field. The energy-consuming device comprises impact energy-consuming devices on two sides of a main beam, impact energy-consuming devices at the bottom of the beam and transverse anti-shifting devices arranged at the bottoms of a cover beam and the main beam. The impact energy dissipation device comprises a rubber baffle, an anchoring thick steel plate, a collision thick steel plate, a variable cross-section steel pipe and a mild steel-lead combined component. The transverse anti-displacement device is fixed on the inner side of the cover beam and the bottom of the main beam, is arranged at two ends of the main beam, and comprises a steel rod, a stop plate, an electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder, an oil pump switch, a hexagonal anchor block, a trapezoidal anchor block and a displacement sensor. Under the collision action of an ultrahigh vehicle, the deformation energy consumption of the mild steel-lead combined component is utilized, the displacement sensor is used for controlling the oil pump switch, and the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinders on the two sides are switched on to extend or shorten the hydraulic telescopic cylinders, so that the steel rod generates resistance opposite to the impact force to the main beam, and the transverse displacement of the main beam due to the overlarge impact force is prevented.

Description

Bridge girder impact loss prevention device with impact energy consumption and transverse displacement prevention functions

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an energy consumption device, especially a have striking power consumption concurrently and transversely prevent bridge girder striking loss stopping device that shifts belongs to bridge protection design field.

Background

Along with the continuous development of society, urban population in China is becoming dense, and the number of motor vehicles is increasing day by day. In order to relieve traffic pressure, the utilization rate of urban space resources is increased, and therefore the development of three-dimensional traffic is actively promoted. New traffic accidents are brought by the appearance of overpasses, pedestrian overpasses, highway bridges and the like. Many original designs change the non-motor vehicle lane into the motor vehicle lane due to large traffic pressure under the bridge, which results in insufficient under-bridge clearance. In the process of reconstructing and rebuilding the road under the bridge, a milling and paving method is mostly adopted, so that the local under-bridge clearance is further reduced. In addition, the frequent accidents of the vehicle impacting the main beam are caused by unreasonable design of the height limit mark and the luck psychology of a driver. When the impact force exceeds the design impact force, the support can be sheared, the concrete can be damaged, the steel bars can be exposed, the main beam can be displaced, and even the main beam can be broken and collapsed. And each impact can cause the damage of the bridge structure, the shortening of the service life and the reduction of the safety and the shock resistance.

The traffic accident that the ultrahigh vehicle impacts the bridge endangers the safety of drivers and pedestrians, and the interruption of traffic in rush repair after the accident also causes the waste of a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources. Therefore, the reasonable determination of the anti-collision design standard and the arrangement of the matched safety facilities are urgent and necessary, and have important practical significance. The utility model relates to a have concurrently striking power consumption and transversely prevent bridge girder striking loss stopping device that shifts, it can reach the power consumption effect when the bridge is collided less to vehicle speed is little, the tonnage, can reach the effect of preventing the roof beam that falls when the extreme collision of overweight super high vehicle again, avoids causing the catastrophic consequence such as the car is ruined the people's death, traffic artery interruption, has alleviateed the economic loss that the accident brought simultaneously.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Based on the above defect, the utility model provides a have the striking power consumption concurrently and transversely prevent bridge girder striking loss stopping device of aversion for solve super high vehicle striking girder, and the bridge girder takes place the horizontal aversion problem behind the striking.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses following technical scheme has been taken:

a bridge girder impact damage prevention device with impact energy consumption and transverse displacement prevention is disclosed, wherein a cap beam at the top of a bridge pier supports a girder through a support, and the device also comprises an impact energy consumption device and a transverse displacement prevention device;

the collision energy dissipation devices are fixed at the bottom, the left side and the right side of the main beam and comprise rubber baffles, collision thick steel plates, anchoring thick steel plates, variable cross-section steel pipes, mild steel pipes and lead columns; one end of the variable cross-section steel pipe and one end of the mild steel pipe are welded with the collision thick steel plate, and the other end of the variable cross-section steel pipe and the mild steel pipe are welded with the anchoring thick steel plate and are sealed; inserting the prefabricated lead column into the mild steel pipe; the variable cross-section steel pipe is sleeved outside the mild steel pipe; rubber baffles are arranged between the top parts of the collision thick steel plate and the anchoring thick steel plate in the collision energy dissipation devices on the left side and the right side of the main beam;

the transverse anti-displacement device is fixed between the inner side of the cover beam and the bottom of the main beam and comprises a hexagonal anchor block, a trapezoidal anchor block, a steel rod, an electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a stop plate, an oil pump switch, an electric wire and a displacement sensor; the hexagonal anchor block is anchored at the center of the bottom of the main beam; the two trapezoidal anchor blocks are respectively anchored at the two ends of the bottom of the inner side of the bent cap; the upper ends of the two steel rods are anchored with the stop plates in the hexagonal anchor blocks into a whole, and the lower ends of the two steel rods are anchored with the trapezoidal anchor blocks into a whole; the upper end of the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder is welded with the stop plate into a whole, and the lower end of the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder is welded with the hexagonal anchor block into a whole; the oil pump switch is adhered to the hexagonal anchor block inner top plate and is connected with the displacement sensors on the left side, the right side and the bottom of the main beam and the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder through electric wires.

Further, the displacement sensor is adhered to the edge of the bottom of the anchoring thick steel plate; the distribution box is arranged at the bottom of the pier and connected with an electric wire, and the distribution box is connected with a commercial power or a standby power supply.

Furthermore, a plurality of small holes are formed in the mild steel pipe along the circumferential direction, the small holes are arranged in eleven rows, and twelve small holes in each row are distributed in an annular array; the rubber baffle is adhered with the anchoring thick steel plate and the cold vulcanizing agent SK313 for the main beam into a whole.

Furthermore, the hexagonal anchor blocks and the trapezoidal anchor blocks are steel anchor boxes and are anchored at the center of the bottom of the main beam and the inner side of the cover beam through bolts.

Furthermore, the height of the impact energy dissipation devices on the left side and the right side of the outer portion of the main beam is not more than 1/4 of the height of the main beam.

Furthermore, the impact energy dissipation devices are spliced on the main beam in a plurality of groups, so that the impact energy dissipation devices are convenient to replace and maintain after being impacted, and meanwhile, materials are saved.

Further, the lead column in the impact energy dissipation device is a recrystallized substance, and when the impact energy dissipation device is collided, the lead column in the mild steel pipe is extruded from the small hole and generates plastic flow to dissipate energy.

Furthermore, the variable cross-section steel pipe is formed by a plurality of semicircles with the radius of 3cm at intervals of 3cm and is used for sealing the mild steel pipe and preventing the lead column in the mild steel pipe from being extruded to cause pollution.

Furthermore, the mild steel pipe adopts steel with the yield strength of 100MPa-200MPa, so that the stress deformation is large, and the energy consumption is increased.

Furthermore, circular pore canals with the same diameter as the steel rod are reserved in the hexagonal anchor block (8) and the trapezoidal anchor block (14) and are coated with lubricating oil.

The working principle is as follows:

when the ultrahigh vehicle impacts the energy dissipation devices on the two sides of the main beam, the impact force is applied to the impact thick steel plate, so that the variable cross-section steel pipe is extruded, the soft steel pipe and the lead column in the variable cross-section steel pipe are compressed due to stress and expand and deform in the transverse direction, the lead column in the soft steel pipe is extruded out of the small hole and flows plastically, and finally the variable cross-section steel pipe, the soft steel pipe and the lead column play a role in energy dissipation due to collision;

when the ultrahigh vehicle impacts the energy consumption device at the bottom of the main beam, the impact thick steel plate moves towards the inner side of the main beam under the action of impact force, the variable-section steel pipe is subjected to shear deformation, the inner side is compressed, and the outer side is stretched; the mild steel pipe is subjected to similar bending deformation, the lead column is extruded from the small hole due to deformation and performs plastic flow, and finally the variable cross-section steel pipe, the mild steel pipe and the lead column play roles in collision and energy consumption;

when the collision vehicle collides the main beam from the right side, the vehicle speed is low, the tonnage is low, the impact force on the main beam is small, and the impact energy can be counteracted through the collision energy consumption device, so that the main beam is prevented from being damaged; when the speed of the colliding vehicle is large and the tonnage is large, the impact force on the main beam is large, energy is consumed by firstly colliding the energy consumption device, the energy consumption device cannot completely offset the impact force, at the moment, when the displacement of the colliding thick steel plate is 1/2 of the designed collision length, the displacement sensor opens the oil pump switch to control the right electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder to extend, so that the right steel rod generates a left pulling force, and on the contrary, the hexagonal anchor block receives a right pushing force and then transmits the right pushing force to the main beam; meanwhile, the electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinder on the left side is controlled to be shortened, so that the steel rod on the left side generates leftward pressure, and on the contrary, the hexagonal anchor block receives rightward thrust and transmits the rightward thrust to the main beam; when the vehicle impacts the main beam from the left side, the principle is the same; and the last two steel rods simultaneously generate resistance force opposite to the impact force to the main beam, and meanwhile, the main beam is prevented from transversely shifting due to overlarge impact force to cause the hazards of beam falling and the like by virtue of the transverse limiting function of the support and the stop block on the beam cover.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following technological effect has:

adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: the collision damage prevention device for the bridge girder consumes collision energy under the action of the ultrahigh vehicle collision girder through the combined action of the variable cross-section steel pipe, the mild steel pipe and the lead in the collision energy consumption device. When the impact energy dissipation device is deformed greatly, serious hazards such as beam falling and beam breaking can be caused when impact energy is large, in order to prevent the main beam from generating transverse displacement, the displacement sensor is used for controlling the oil pump switch, so that the electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinder is controlled to extend or shorten, impact force is transmitted to the bent cap and the pier through the steel rod, and meanwhile, the transverse limiting function is exerted by the support and the bent cap stop block. The utility model discloses simple structure, it is with low costs, can also improve girder anti impact greatly, increase the bridge security.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a side view of a bridge girder impact damage prevention device of the present invention, which can perform impact energy consumption and lateral displacement prevention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the bridge girder impact damage-preventing device of the present invention, which has both impact energy-consumption and lateral displacement prevention;

fig. 3 is a partial structural diagram of the impact damage preventing device for the bridge girder of the present invention, which has both impact energy consumption and lateral displacement prevention;

fig. 4 is a front view of the left and right impact energy dissipation devices of the ultra-high vehicle impact main beam of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a front view of the left and right impact dissipation devices of the main beam of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a front view of the girder bottom impact energy dissipation device of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a three-dimensional view of the structure of the impact energy dissipation device at the bottom of the girder of the present invention;

fig. 8 is an exploded view of the outer sole impact dissipation device of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a partial configuration view of the lateral displacement preventing device of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a partially constructed three-dimensional view of the lateral displacement prevention device of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a three-dimensional view of a hexagonal anchor block of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a three-dimensional view of the trapezoidal anchor block of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-a main beam; 2-a rubber baffle; 3-collision thick steel plate; 4-anchoring the thick steel plate; 5-variable cross section steel pipe; 6-mild steel pipe; 7-lead column; 8-hexagonal anchor blocks; 9-support; 10-a steel rod; 11-a steel rod; 12-a capping beam; 13-pier; 14-trapezoidal anchor blocks; 15-tightening the nut; 16-bolt; 17-an electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 18-an electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinder; 19-a stop plate; 20-an oil pump switch; 21-an electric wire; 22-a distribution box; 23-a displacement sensor; 24-a stop block; 25-ultra high vehicle.

Detailed Description

The following description of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 12.

As shown in fig. 1-10, the utility model discloses a have concurrently that striking power consumption and transversely prevent bridge girder striking loss stopping device that shifts, bent cap 12 at its pier 13 top supports girder 1 through support 9, still includes striking power consumption device and transversely prevents the device that shifts.

As shown in fig. 1-8, the impact energy dissipation device is fixed at the bottom, left side and right side of the main beam 1, and comprises a rubber baffle 2, a collision thick steel plate 3, an anchoring thick steel plate 4, a variable cross-section steel pipe 5, a mild steel pipe 6 and a lead column 7. One end of the variable cross-section steel pipe 5 and one end of the mild steel pipe 6 are welded with the collision thick steel plate 3, and the other end of the variable cross-section steel pipe is welded with the anchoring thick steel plate 4 and is sealed. The prefabricated lead column 7 is inserted into the mild steel pipe 6, the lead column 7 is a recrystallized substance, and after collision, the lead column 7 in the mild steel pipe 6 is extruded from the small hole and generates plastic flow to consume energy. The variable cross-section steel pipe 5 is sleeved outside the mild steel pipe 6. In the impact energy dissipation devices on the left side and the right side of the main beam 1, a rubber baffle 2 is further arranged between the top of the collision thick steel plate 3 and the top of the anchoring thick steel plate 4, and the rubber baffle 2, the anchoring thick steel plate 4 and the main beam 1 are adhered into a whole. The mild steel pipe 6 is provided with a plurality of small holes along the circumferential direction, the number of the small holes is ten rows, and twelve small holes are distributed in an annular array in each row. The rubber baffle 2, the anchoring thick steel plate 4 and the main beam 1 are integrally stuck by cold vulcanizing agent SK 313.

As shown in fig. 9-12, the lateral anti-displacement device is fixed between the inner side of the cover beam 12 and the bottom of the main beam 1, and comprises a hexagonal anchor block 8, a trapezoidal anchor block 14, steel rods 10 and 11, electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinders 17 and 18, a stop plate 19, an oil pump switch 20, an electric wire 21 and a displacement sensor 23. The hexagonal anchor block 8 is anchored at the center of the bottom of the main beam 1 through a bolt 16. Two trapezoidal anchor blocks 14 are anchored at the two ends of the inner bottom of the bent cap 12 through bolts 16. The upper ends of the two steel rods 10 and 11 are anchored into a whole with a stop plate 19 in the hexagonal anchor block 8 through a fastening nut 15, and the lower ends of the two steel rods are anchored into a whole with the trapezoidal anchor block 14 through the fastening nut 15. The upper ends of the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinders 17 and 18 are welded with the stop plate 19 into a whole, and the lower ends of the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinders are welded with the hexagonal anchor block 8 into a whole. The oil pump switch 20 is adhered to the inner top plate of the hexagonal anchor block 8 and is connected with the displacement sensors 23 on the left side, the right side and the bottom of the main beam 1 and the electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinders 17 and 18 through electric wires 21.

The electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinders 17 and 18 are linear transmission mechanisms, and use a motor, a gear set and a connecting rod as driving components, and the power generated by the motor drives a lead screw to rotate, so that the telescopic rod generates linear extending and retracting actions. So that the stop plate 19 connected with the telescopic rod has the function of pushing or retracting, and gives a reverse force to the steel rods 10 and 11.

Circular pore channels with the same diameter as the steel rods 10 and 11 are reserved in the hexagonal anchor block 8 and the trapezoidal anchor block 14, and lubricating oil is smeared on the pore channels to reduce friction resistance. In addition, elastic rubber gaskets are arranged between the fastening nut 15 and the stop plate 19 and between the fastening nut and the trapezoidal anchor block 14, so that the contact area is increased, and looseness is prevented. In addition, the anchoring thick steel plate, the collision thick steel plate, the variable cross-section steel pipe and the steel rod are all made of stainless steel, and the surfaces of the anchoring thick steel plate, the collision thick steel plate, the variable cross-section steel pipe and the steel rod are subjected to anti-corrosion treatment, so that the durability of the structure is improved.

As shown in fig. 11-12, the hexagonal anchor blocks 8 and the trapezoidal anchor blocks 14 are steel anchor boxes and are anchored at the center of the bottom of the main girder 1 and the inner side of the capping girder 12 through bolts 16.

As shown in fig. 2-3,5-6, the displacement sensor 23 is adhered to the bottom edge of the anchoring thick steel plate 4. The distribution box 22 is arranged at the bottom of the pier 13, the distribution box 22 is connected with the electric wire 21, and the distribution box 22 is connected to alternating current commercial power. The wire is characterized in that the outer side of a copper wire is wrapped with a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rubber. The anchoring thick steel plate, the collision thick steel plate, the variable cross-section steel pipe and the steel rod are all made of stainless steel, and the surfaces of the anchoring thick steel plate, the collision thick steel plate, the variable cross-section steel pipe and the steel rod are subjected to anti-corrosion treatment, so that the durability of the structure is improved.

In this embodiment, the specific parameters are set as follows:

the height of the impact energy dissipation devices on the left side and the right side of the outer part of the main beam 1 is not more than 1/4 of the height of the main beam 1. And the impact energy dissipation devices are spliced on the main beam 1 in a plurality of groups, so that the replacement and maintenance are convenient after the impact, and the material is saved. The variable cross-section steel pipe 5 is formed by a plurality of semicircles with the radius of 3cm at intervals of 3cm and is used for sealing the mild steel pipe 6 and preventing the lead columns 7 in the mild steel pipe 6 from being extruded to cause pollution. The steel pipe 6 is made of steel with the yield strength of 100MPa-200MPa, so that the stress deformation is large, and the energy consumption is increased.

The rubber baffle is a cuboid with the length of 40cm and the width of 35cm and the thickness of 5-15mm, and is stuck on the anchoring thick steel plate 4 and the main beam 1 to prevent rainwater from permeating and corroding the steel plate. The anchoring thick steel plate 4 is a cuboid 35cm long and 30cm wide, 10-15mm thick and is anchored with the main beam 1 into a whole through a bolt 16. The bolts 16 are 22mm in diameter and 50mm in length, and 4 bolts are distributed in two rows and two columns. The collision thick steel plate 3 is a cuboid with the length of 35cm and the width of 30cm and the thickness of 15-20mm. The variable cross-section steel pipe 5 has a length of 40cm, a wall thickness of 10mm, an outer diameter of 24cm and an inner diameter of 18cm. The inner diameter of the mild steel pipe 6 is 16cm, the wall thickness is 5mm, and the pipe wall is provided with small holes with the diameter of 4mm which are distributed in 12 annular arrays in 11 rows.

The impact energy dissipation devices at the bottom of the girder are fixed at the left side and the right side of the outer bottom of the girder, and the rubber baffles 2 are not needed because the impact energy dissipation devices are not influenced by rainwater. The anchoring thick steel plate 4 and the collision thick steel plate 3 are cuboids with the length of 25cm and the width of 20cm and the thickness of 10-15mm. The length of the variable cross-section steel pipe 5 and the length of the mild steel pipe 6 are 30cm, and the length of the device is properly reduced because the clearance below the bridge is limited. The rest sizes, the anchoring mode and the welding mode are the same as those of the impact energy dissipation devices on the two sides of the main beam.

In the transverse anti-shifting device, the longest edge of a hexagonal anchor block is 2m, the height of the hexagonal anchor block is 0.5m, the width of the hexagonal anchor block is 1m, the hexagonal anchor block is fixed at the center of the bottom of a main beam 1 through a bolt 16, the diameter of the bolt 16 is 28mm, the length of the bolt is 60mm, and 45 bolts are uniformly distributed in four rows and nine rows. The trapezoidal anchor blocks 14 are 1m at the bottom, 0.5m at the top, 1m in height and 1m in width, the bolts are arranged with the diameter of 28mm and the length of 60mm, 23 in total, and 2 at the top are arranged from top to bottom and gradually increased by 1 in total, and five rows are arranged in total. The steel rod 11 is 5m long, 30cm in diameter and 5cm in wall thickness, fixed threads are engraved at two ends, the lower end of the steel rod is fixed with the trapezoidal anchor block 14 through a fastening nut, and the upper end of the steel rod penetrates through the stop plate 19 and is fixed with the trapezoidal anchor block through the fastening nut. The inner diameter of the fastening nut is 30cm. The stop plate 19 is a rectangular steel plate with the length of 1m, the width of 0.5m and the thickness of 15mm, and a circular pore channel with the diameter of 30cm is reserved at the geometric center of the stop plate.

The specific control process is as follows:

when the ultrahigh vehicle impacts the energy dissipation devices on the two sides of the main beam 1, the impact thick steel plate 3 is subjected to impact force, so that the variable-section steel pipe 5 is extruded, the soft steel pipe 6 and the lead column 7 in the variable-section steel pipe 5 are compressed due to stress and expand and deform in the transverse direction, the lead column 7 in the soft steel pipe 6 is extruded out of the small hole to perform plastic flow, and finally the variable-section steel pipe 5, the soft steel pipe 6 and the lead column 7 play a role in energy dissipation during impact.

When the ultrahigh vehicle impacts the energy consumption device at the bottom of the main beam 1, the impact thick steel plate 3 moves towards the inner side of the main beam 1 under the impact force, the variable cross-section steel pipe 5 is subjected to shear deformation, the inner side is compressed, and the outer side is stretched. The mild steel pipe 6 is subjected to similar bending deformation, the lead column 7 is extruded from the small hole due to deformation and performs plastic flow, and finally the variable cross-section steel pipe 5, the mild steel pipe 6 and the lead column 7 play roles in collision energy consumption.

As shown in fig. 4, when the colliding vehicle collides with the main beam 1 from the right side, the vehicle speed is small, the tonnage is small, the impact force on the main beam 1 is small, and the impact energy can be offset by the collision energy dissipation device, so that the main beam 1 is prevented from being damaged. When the speed of the colliding vehicle is large and the tonnage is large, the impact force on the main beam 1 is large, energy is consumed by firstly colliding the energy consumption device, the impact force cannot be completely offset by the energy consumption device, at the moment, when the displacement of the colliding thick steel plate 3 is 1/2 of the designed collision length, the displacement sensor 23 opens the oil pump switch 20 to control the right-side electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder to extend, so that the right-side steel rod 10 generates a leftward pulling force, and on the contrary, the hexagonal anchor block 8 receives a rightward pushing force, and the hexagonal anchor block 8 transmits the rightward pushing force to the main beam 1. And meanwhile, the left electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinder is controlled to be shortened, so that the left steel rod generates leftward pressure, and conversely, the hexagonal anchor blocks 8 receive rightward thrust, and the hexagonal anchor blocks 8 transmit the rightward thrust to the main beam 1. The same principle applies when the vehicle hits the main beam from the left side. And finally, the two steel rods simultaneously generate resistance force opposite to the impact force to the main beam 1, so that the impact force of vehicle impact is transmitted to the steel rods 10 and 11 through the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder 17 and the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder 18 in the six-deformation anchor block 8 and then is dispersed to piers 13 on two sides, and finally impact energy is consumed up, and simultaneously, the main beam 1 has a self-resetting function to a certain degree due to the common extension and contraction of the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder 17 and the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder 18. Meanwhile, the transverse limiting function of the stop blocks 24 on the support 9 and the beam cover 12 is utilized to prevent the main beam from transversely shifting due to overlarge impact force, so that the beam falling and other hazards are prevented. Through the consumption of the impact energy consumption device on impact energy and a reasonable and effective transmission path of the transverse anti-displacement device on impact force, the safety of the bridge is greatly improved.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only given for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the modifications of the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the common general knowledge in the field are also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a have concurrently and strike power consumption and transversely prevent bridge girder striking loss prevention device that shifts, bent cap (12) at its pier (13) top support girder (1) through support (9), its characterized in that: the device also comprises an impact energy consumption device and a transverse anti-displacement device;

the collision energy dissipation devices are fixed at the bottom, the left side and the right side of the main beam (1) and comprise rubber baffles (2), collision thick steel plates (3), anchoring thick steel plates (4), variable cross-section steel pipes (5), mild steel pipes (6) and lead columns (7); one end of the variable cross-section steel pipe (5) and one end of the mild steel pipe (6) are welded with the collision thick steel plate (3), and the other end of the variable cross-section steel pipe is welded with the anchoring thick steel plate (4) and is sealed; the prefabricated lead column (7) is inserted into the mild steel pipe (6); the variable cross-section steel pipe (5) is sleeved outside the mild steel pipe (6); in the impact energy dissipation devices at the left side and the right side of the main beam (1), a rubber baffle (2) is arranged between the top of the impact thick steel plate (3) and the top of the anchoring thick steel plate (4);

the transverse anti-displacement device is fixed between the inner side of the cover beam (12) and the bottom of the main beam (1), and comprises a hexagonal anchor block (8), a trapezoidal anchor block (14), a steel rod, an electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a stop plate (19), an oil pump switch (20), an electric wire (21) and a displacement sensor (23); the hexagonal anchor block (8) is anchored at the center of the bottom of the main beam (1); two trapezoidal anchor blocks (14) are respectively anchored at two ends of the bottom of the inner side of the bent cap (12); the upper ends of the two steel rods are anchored with a stop plate (19) in the hexagonal anchor block (8) into a whole, and the lower ends of the two steel rods are anchored with the trapezoidal anchor block (14) into a whole; the upper end of the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder is welded with the stop plate (19) into a whole, and the lower end of the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder is welded with the hexagonal anchor block (8) into a whole; the oil pump switch (20) is stuck on the inner top plate of the hexagonal anchor block (8) and is connected with displacement sensors (23) on the left side, the right side and the bottom of the main beam (1) and the electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinders (17 and 18) through electric wires (21).

2. The bridge girder impact damage prevention device with impact energy consumption and lateral displacement prevention according to claim 1, characterized in that: the displacement sensor (23) is adhered to the bottom edge of the anchoring thick steel plate (4); a distribution box (22) is arranged at the bottom of the pier (13), the distribution box (22) is connected with an electric wire (21), and the distribution box (22) is connected with a commercial power or a standby power supply.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein the device is capable of dissipating energy during impact and preventing displacement of the main beam during impact, and is characterized in that: wherein the mild steel pipe (6) is provided with a plurality of small holes along the circumferential direction, the small holes are arranged in eleven rows, and twelve small holes in each row are distributed in an annular array; the rubber baffle (2), the anchoring thick steel plate (4) and the main beam (1) are adhered into a whole by cold vulcanizing agent SK 313.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is capable of dissipating energy during impact and preventing displacement of the main beam during impact, and is characterized in that: the hexagonal anchor blocks (8) and the trapezoidal anchor blocks (14) are steel anchor boxes and are anchored at the center of the bottom of the main beam (1) and the inner side of the cover beam (12) through bolts (16).

5. The bridge girder impact damage prevention device with impact energy consumption and lateral displacement prevention according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the impact energy dissipation devices on the left side and the right side of the outer portion of the main beam (1) is not more than 1/4 of the height of the main beam (1).

6. The device of claim 5, wherein the device is used for preventing the main beam from being damaged by impact and displacement, and comprises: the impact energy dissipation devices are spliced on the main beam (1) in a plurality of groups.

7. The bridge girder impact damage prevention device with impact energy consumption and lateral displacement prevention according to claim 1, characterized in that: the variable cross-section steel pipe (5) is formed by a plurality of semicircles with the radius of 3cm at intervals of 3 cm.

8. The bridge girder impact damage prevention device with impact energy consumption and lateral displacement prevention according to claim 1, characterized in that: circular pore canals with the same diameter as the steel rod are reserved in the hexagonal anchor block (8) and the trapezoidal anchor block (14) and are coated with lubricating oil.

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