CN217786818U - Viscosity coefficient measuring device - Google Patents
Viscosity coefficient measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN217786818U CN217786818U CN202221189995.7U CN202221189995U CN217786818U CN 217786818 U CN217786818 U CN 217786818U CN 202221189995 U CN202221189995 U CN 202221189995U CN 217786818 U CN217786818 U CN 217786818U
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a measuring device field especially relates to a viscosity coefficient measuring device, including holding the graduated flask of detection liquid, the surface level intercommunication of graduated flask has the capillary, and the outside of capillary's outer port intercommunication graduated flask for outwards discharging detection liquid, capillary's outer port below has the beaker of accepting detection liquid, is connected the backward flow ware between beaker and the graduated flask top, the utility model discloses a length, the diameter of injecing the capillary, through the capillary with the measured liquid discharge certain volume of the known density in the graduated flask to record the time of this process, calculate the viscosity coefficient that obtains liquid through the reverse formula of poushui leaf law, greatly reduce experimental error.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a measuring device field especially relates to a viscosity coefficient measuring device.
Background
The viscosity is the special property of liquid, the viscosity coefficient detection needs to be carried out on the liquid in order to comprehensively master the characteristics of the liquid, the existing viscosity coefficient detection method is mature, a small ball is thrown into the liquid to be detected, and the viscosity coefficient of the liquid is measured by detecting the falling time of the small ball within a specified distance or the falling distance within a specified time.
Because the viscosity coefficient experiment is realized by releasing the small ball by experience of an experimenter, the small ball is difficult to fall along the central axis of the container right and the time of the small ball passing a certain distance at a constant speed is required to be measured in the original experiment, the measuring process is realized only by timing of a stopwatch of the experimenter, the reason that the time of the small ball falling is difficult to be accurately measured in the experiment due to the parallax and the reaction time existing in the manual stopwatch timing, and the error of the liquid viscosity coefficient measured by the traditional experimental instrument is large.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at solving the following problems existing in the prior art: the viscosity coefficient experiment is realized by releasing the liquid according to experience by an experimenter, the small ball is difficult to ensure to fall along the central axis of the container right and the time of the small ball passing a certain distance at a constant speed is required to be measured in the original experiment, the measuring process is realized only by timing of a stopwatch of the experimenter, the reason that the time of the small ball falling is difficult to be accurately measured in the experiment due to the fact that the manual stopwatch has parallax and reaction time, and the error of the liquid viscosity coefficient measured by a traditional experimental instrument is large.
For solving the problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides a viscosity coefficient measuring device, including holding the graduated flask that detects liquid, the surface level intercommunication of graduated flask has the capillary, the outside of capillary's outer port intercommunication graduated flask for outwards discharging detects liquid, capillary's outer port below has the beaker of accepting detection liquid, connect the backward flow ware between beaker and the graduated flask top, with the liquid that awaits measuring of known density drop into the graduated flask in, measure the height of liquid level to capillary, and the length of capillary, the diameter, liquid in the graduated flask receives the difference in height effect to outwards discharge through the capillary, through the change speed of measuring the interior liquid difference in the graduated flask, use poisson's law formula to carry out the viscosity coefficient that the thrust obtained solution.
Preferably, the capillary tube is arranged in the middle of the measuring cylinder in the vertical direction, the capillary tube extends along the radial direction of the measuring cylinder, a liquid level descending space is reserved at the upper part of the capillary tube, and a space for placing a beaker is reserved at the lower part of the capillary tube.
Preferably, the capillary has threely, and is three the bore of capillary is different for three kinds of different pipe diameter conditions carry out the measurement of liquid viscosity coefficient, improve the experiment precision, the maximize reduces experimental error.
Preferably, the horizontal positions of the three capillary tubes are the same, vertical included angles are formed among the three capillary tubes surrounding the measuring cylinder, and therefore the placement of experimental equipment is evacuated, and the experiment is convenient to carry out.
Preferably, a thermometer is inserted into the measuring cylinder from the top of the measuring cylinder and is used for constantly displaying the temperature of the liquid to be measured and accurately mastering the experimental conditions.
Preferably, the liquid pump is adopted by the reflux device, the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the liquid pump are distributed and connected with the inside of the beaker and the top of the measuring cylinder through pipelines, and liquid flowing into the beaker is reintroduced into the measuring cylinder through the reflux device, so that the continuity multi-group experiment is facilitated.
Preferably, the measuring cylinder is connected with a temperature control device, the temperature control device comprises an electric contact thermometer and an electric heater, the electric contact thermometer and the electric heater penetrate into the measuring cylinder from the top of the measuring cylinder, the electric contact thermometer and the electric heater are electrically connected with a relay, and the electric contact thermometer detects and feeds back the temperature of the liquid, so that the relay controls the electric heater to heat the liquid, and the liquid keeps constant temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a viscosity coefficient measuring device has following beneficial effect:
the utility model discloses a length, the diameter of injecing the capillary, the liquid that awaits measuring of the known density in with the graduated flask through the capillary discharges certain volume to record the time of this process, calculate the coefficient of viscosity that obtains liquid through the reverse equation of Poiseue's law, greatly reduce experimental error.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the measuring cylinder of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures: 1. a measuring cylinder; 2. a relay; 3. a capillary tube; 4. an electrical contact thermometer; 5. an electric heater; 6. a thermometer; 7. a beaker; 8. a reflux device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following detailed description is provided for the specific embodiments of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, a viscosity coefficient measuring device is assembled by:
assembly description: the three capillaries 3 with different diameters are communicated in the middle of the measuring cylinder 1, an included angle between the capillaries 3 is 90 degrees, the capillaries 3 are horizontally arranged along the radial direction of the measuring cylinder 1, a beaker 7 is arranged below an outer port of the capillary 3, a reflux device 8 is arranged outside the measuring cylinder 1, a pipeline at the liquid inlet end of the reflux device 8 is inserted into the beaker 7, a pipeline at the liquid outlet end of the reflux device 8 is communicated with the top of the measuring cylinder 1, a thermometer 6 is inserted into the measuring cylinder 1 from the top of the measuring cylinder 1, and a display part of the thermometer 6 is positioned above the measuring cylinder 1.
The working principle is as follows: measuring the liquid density with beaker 7 and balance, the length of capillary 3 is L, the radius is known data, putting the liquid into measuring cylinder 1, measuring the height h, h from 900ML, 1000ML to capillary 3 with vernier caliper 0 The liquid in the measuring cylinder 1 is discharged outwards through the capillary tube 3 under the action of the height difference, the pressure difference delta P between the two ends of the capillary tube 3 is used for measuring the volume of the fluid flowing through the cross section of the pipeline in unit time
Referred to as the volumetric flow rate;
poiseiye's law states that there is the following relationship for a horizontal straight circular tube
It can be seen from the poisson's law that when the fluid flows through the capillary 3, a pressure drop occurs, which is a necessary driving force from the outside to overcome the viscous force of the fluid, and the pressure drop is not only related to the length and the pipe diameter of the capillary 3, but also related to the volume flow rate of the fluid, and the larger the flow rate, the larger the pressure is, and then according to the poisson's law, the viscous coefficient of the fluid can be calculated by controlling the length and the pipe radius of the capillary 3 and measuring the volume flow rate of the fluid.
Formula reverse:
V＝πR 2 h (2.2)
Δp＝ρgh (2.3)
substituting (2.2) and (2.3) into (2.1) can obtain:
integration on both sides of the above equation can be obtained:
from (2.5) can be obtained:
in the formula (2.7), L represents the length of the capillary 3, and R represents the half of the measuring cylinder 1Diameter, rho represents the density of the liquid to be measured, r represents the radius of the capillary 3, and t represents the liquid flow from h 0 Time taken to change to h; the specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) Measuring the level of the experiment table board by using a level meter;
(2) Measuring the liquid density by using a beaker 7 and a balance;
(3) Measuring the inner diameter r of the capillary tube 3 three times by using a vernier caliper, and taking an average value
(4) Measuring the length L of the capillary tube 3 for three times by using a vernier caliper, and taking an average value
(5) Measuring the inner diameter R of the cylinder 1 by a vernier caliper for three times, and taking an average value
(6) Heights h and h of the capillary 3 from 900ML and 1000ML with vernier calipers 0
(7) Pouring liquid to be measured into the measuring cylinder 1, and standing for more than two hours;
(8) The liquid temperature is measured with a thermometer 6;
(9) Open capillary 3 switch, measure liquid from h using stopwatch timer 0 The time t for h to fall is reduced, and data is recorded;
(10) The discharged liquid enters a beaker 7, the liquid is reintroduced into the measuring cylinder 1 through a reflux device 8, the experiments of the steps (3), (4) and (5) are repeated for ten times, and the average value of the time is calculated;
(11) Using formulas
Calculating the viscosity coefficient eta of the liquid and comparing the calculated coefficient eta with a theoretical value eta 0 A comparison is made.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1-2, a viscosity coefficient measuring device is assembled by:
assembly description: three capillaries 3 with different diameters are communicated with the middle part of a measuring cylinder 1, an included angle between the capillaries 3 is 90 degrees, the capillaries 3 are horizontally arranged along the radial direction of the measuring cylinder 1, a beaker 7 is arranged below an outer port of the capillary 3, a reflux device 8 is arranged outside the measuring cylinder 1, a pipeline at the liquid inlet end of the reflux device 8 is inserted into the beaker 7, a pipeline at the liquid outlet end of the reflux device 8 is communicated with the top part of the measuring cylinder 1, a thermometer 6 is inserted into the measuring cylinder 1 from the top part of the measuring cylinder 1, a display part of the thermometer 6 is positioned above the measuring cylinder 1, a temperature control device comprises an electric contact thermometer 4 and an electric heater 5, the electric contact thermometer 4 and the electric heater 5 penetrate into the measuring cylinder 1 from the top part thereof, and the electric contact thermometer 4 and the electric heater 5 are electrically connected with a relay 2.
The working principle is as follows: measuring the liquid density with beaker 7 and balance, the length of capillary 3 is L, the radius is r is known data, putting the liquid into measuring cylinder 1, measuring the height h, h of capillary 3 from 900ML, 1000ML with vernier caliper 0 The liquid in the measuring cylinder 1 is discharged outwards through the capillary tube 3 under the action of the height difference, the pressure difference delta P between the two ends of the capillary tube 3 is used for measuring the volume of the fluid flowing through the cross section of the pipeline in unit time
Referred to as the volumetric flow rate;
poiseue's law states that there is the following relationship for a horizontal straight circular tube
It can be seen from the poisson's law that when a fluid flows through the capillary tube 3, a pressure drop is generated, which is a necessary driving force from the outside to overcome the viscous force of the fluid, the pressure drop is not only related to the length and the pipe diameter of the capillary tube 3, but also related to the volume flow rate of the fluid, the larger the flow rate, the larger the pressure, and then according to the poisson's law, the larger the length and the pipe radius of the capillary tube 3 are controlled, the volume flow rate of the fluid is measured, and the viscous coefficient of the fluid can be calculated.
Formula reverse:
V＝πR 2 h (2.2)
Δp＝ρgh (2.3)
substituting (2.2) and (2.3) into (2.1) can obtain:
integration on both sides of the above equation can be obtained:
from (2.5) can be obtained:
in the formula (2.7), L represents the length of the capillary 3, R represents the radius of the measuring cylinder 1, ρ represents the density of the liquid to be measured, R represents the radius of the capillary 3, and t represents the flow rate of the liquid from h 0 The time taken to change to h;
the specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) Measuring the level of the experiment table top by using a level meter;
(2) Measuring the liquid density by using a beaker 7 and a balance;
(3) Measuring the inner diameter r of the capillary tube 3 three times by using a vernier caliper, and taking an average value
(4) Measuring the length L of the capillary tube 3 for three times by using a vernier caliper, and taking an average value
(5) Measuring the inner diameter R of the cylinder 1 by a vernier caliper for three times, and taking an average value
(6) Heights h, h from 900ML and 1000ML to the capillary 3, respectively, are measured by a vernier caliper 0
(7) Pouring liquid to be measured into the measuring cylinder 1, and standing for more than two hours;
(8) Measuring the liquid temperature with a thermometer 6;
(9) Open capillary 3 switch, measure liquid from h using stopwatch timer 0 The time t used for h is reduced, and data are recorded;
(10) The discharged liquid enters a beaker 7, the liquid is reintroduced into the measuring cylinder 1 through a reflux device 8, the experiments of the steps (3), (4) and (5) are repeated for ten times, and the average value of the time is calculated;
(11) Using a formula
Calculating the viscosity coefficient eta of the liquid and comparing the calculated viscosity coefficient eta with a theoretical value eta 0 A comparison is made.
In the whole experiment process, the temperature control component consisting of the electric contact thermometer 4, the electric heater 5 and the relay 2 heats and controls the temperature of the detection liquid, so that the liquid keeps constant temperature.
Claims (7)
1. The viscosity coefficient measuring device comprises a measuring cylinder (1) for containing detection liquid, and is characterized in that a capillary tube (3) is horizontally communicated with the surface of the measuring cylinder (1), an outer port of the capillary tube (3) is communicated with the outside of the measuring cylinder (1) and used for discharging the detection liquid outwards, a beaker (7) for containing the detection liquid is arranged below the outer port of the capillary tube (3), and a reflux device (8) is connected between the beaker (7) and the top of the measuring cylinder (1).
2. The viscosity coefficient measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the capillary tube (3) is provided at a position in the middle of the measuring cylinder (1) in the vertical direction, and the capillary tube (3) extends in the radial direction of the measuring cylinder (1).
3. The viscosity coefficient measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the capillary (3) has three, and the calibers of the three capillaries (3) are different.
4. A viscosity coefficient measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that the three capillaries (3) are in the same horizontal position, and that there are vertical included angles between the three capillaries (3) surrounding the graduated cylinder (1).
5. The viscosity coefficient measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that a thermometer (6) is inserted through the top of the measuring cylinder (1) towards the inside thereof.
6. The viscosity coefficient measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the reflux device (8) is a liquid pump, and a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end of the liquid pump are respectively connected with the inside of the beaker (7) and the top of the measuring cylinder (1) through pipelines.
7. The viscosity coefficient measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a temperature control device is connected to the measuring cylinder (1), the temperature control device comprises an electric contact thermometer (4) and an electric heater (5) which penetrate into the measuring cylinder (1) from the top of the measuring cylinder, and the electric contact thermometer (4) and the electric heater (5) are electrically connected with a relay (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221189995.7U CN217786818U (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Viscosity coefficient measuring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221189995.7U CN217786818U (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Viscosity coefficient measuring device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN217786818U true CN217786818U (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221189995.7U Expired - Fee Related CN217786818U (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Viscosity coefficient measuring device |
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| Country | Link |
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2022
- 2022-05-18 CN CN202221189995.7U patent/CN217786818U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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