CN217753449U

CN217753449U - Electric tractor

Info

Publication number: CN217753449U
Application number: CN202221807290.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵敏; 黄振宇; 曾杰; 彭志辉
Original assignee: Zhonglian Agricultural Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhonglian Agricultural Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-12
Filing date: 2022-07-12
Publication date: 2022-11-08
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-12

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tractor field discloses an electric tractor, including power battery (1), traveling system and operating system, traveling system includes the walking motor (2) of electricity connection to power battery (1), transmission is connected to the transfer case (3) of the power take off end of this walking motor and corresponds front axle (4) and rear axle (5) of being connected to the different output of this transfer case, transfer case (3) can be controlled so that at least one of front axle and rear axle selectively receives by the power of walking motor (2) output in order to have different walking drive modes; the work system has a work motor (6). The electric tractor can enable the traveling system to be switched between a two-wheel drive mode and a four-wheel drive mode by operating the transfer case, and meanwhile, the operation motor can output appropriate operation power to the operation device so as to match the rotating speed and the torque output by the traveling motor and implement operation with high power performance and economy.

Description

Electric tractor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tractor field specifically relates to an electric tractor.

Background

With the development of science and technology and the improvement of living standard of people, the mechanization rate of crop cultivation is higher and higher. The industrial level of agricultural machinery equipment has important influence on popularization and application of the agricultural machinery equipment, and the problems of excess productivity, serious homogenization, insufficient reliability and adaptability and the like exist in the production of the existing agricultural machinery equipment.

Taking a tractor as an example, a traditional tractor usually adopts an internal combustion engine as a power source in the walking and working processes, the vibration noise generated by the traditional tractor affects the perception quality of users and the product grade, and in the using process, operators are required to perform operations such as gear shifting through a variable speed control mechanism, the labor intensity is high, and the scene adaptability is poor. Therefore, a new energy tractor driven by electric power instead of fuel oil is also proposed in the prior art, and a running system and an operation device are driven by a motor respectively. However, since these electric tractors are generally developed based on conventional models of fuel tractors, there are disadvantages in terms of reliability, adaptability, and degree of intelligence, such as insufficient overload capability, poor scene adaptability, and the like.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at overcoming the overload capacity that current electric tractor exists and not enough, the poor scheduling problem of scene adaptability, providing an electric tractor, this electric tractor can switch the walking drive mode according to the walking operating mode to match appropriate operation power take off when needing, realize higher dynamic nature and economic nature, be favorable to the agricultural machinery to equip the development of intelligent technique.

In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides an electric tractor, including: a power battery; a traveling system including a traveling motor electrically connected to the power battery, a transfer case drivingly connected to a power output end of the traveling motor, and a front axle and a rear axle correspondingly connected to different output ends of the transfer case and respectively mounted with wheels, the transfer case being operable such that at least one of the front axle and the rear axle selectively receives power output by the traveling motor to have different traveling drive modes; and a work system including a work motor electrically connected to the power battery and a power take-off drivingly connected to a power take-off of the work motor.

Preferably, the electric tractor comprises a sensing module and a control module, wherein the control module is configured to acquire a sensing signal of the sensing module and control the rotating speed of the walking motor and/or the working motor according to the sensing signal.

Preferably, the sensing module includes at least one of a vehicle speed sensor, a temperature sensor, an angle sensor, a force sensor, and a throttle depth sensor.

Preferably, the control module comprises a whole vehicle integrated controller and a plurality of execution module controllers connected to the whole vehicle integrated controller through a CAN bus signal.

Preferably, the electric tractor is provided with a touch screen signal-connected to the control module so that the control module can perform different control modes according to a touch signal input by the touch screen.

Preferably, the working system comprises a hydraulic pump driven by the working motor, the hydraulic pump being arranged to be able to output hydraulic power to the steering system and/or the working device hoist system.

Preferably, a wet clutch is provided in the work system, the wet clutch being controllable to switch the power output device between a disengaged state and an engaged state so that the power output device selectively outputs power from the work motor.

Preferably, the electric tractor has a frame, the power battery is mounted to a portion of the frame corresponding to the front axle, and a radiator is mounted in front of the power battery.

Preferably, the electric tractor is provided with a storage battery, and the output voltage of the storage battery is smaller than the output voltage of the power battery.

Preferably, the electric tractor has a charging and power distributing device electrically connected to the power battery and the secondary battery for charging, the charging and power distributing device being provided with a direct current charging port and an alternating current charging port.

Through the technical scheme, the utility model discloses an electric tractor uses power battery as the power supply of walking and operation, utilize walking motor and operation motor drive traveling system and operation device action respectively, wherein, the field to different humidity, walking operating mode such as the road surface of traveling of different slopes, can make walking motor selectivity with power take off to front axle and rear axle through handling the transfer case, thereby switch between two drive and four-wheel drive mode, and simultaneously, the operation motor can be with appropriate operation power take off to the operation device, with rotational speed and the moment of torsion that matches walking motor output, implement the operation with higher dynamic nature and economic nature.

The utility model discloses an electric tractor can also require and the intelligent control running system of operating system's of operating mode power take off according to different operations through configuration sensing module and control module to realize that the better of operating efficiency and operation quality matches, have higher intelligent degree.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electric tractor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the electric tractor of fig. 1 after a power battery, a safety frame, and the like are removed.

Description of the reference numerals

1-a power battery; 2-a walking motor; 3-a transfer case; 4-a front axle; 5-a rear axle; 6-a working motor; 7-a power take-off; 7 a-a power take-off output shaft; 8-executing the module controller; 9-a hydraulic pump; 10-a frame; 11-a heat sink; 12-a storage battery; 13-charging power distribution devices; 14-a front drive shaft; 15-rear drive shaft; 16-a front wheel; 17-a rear wheel; 18-a safety shelf; 19-a lifting system; 20-a suspension system; 21-towing system.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the description of the embodiments herein is for purposes of illustration and explanation only and is not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an electric tractor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a power battery 1, a traveling system, an operating system, and the like. The power battery 1 supplies power to a traveling system and an operation system to drive the vehicle to travel and perform operation such as rotary tillage, seeding and the like.

In the electric tractor, a traveling system includes a traveling motor 2 electrically connected to a power battery 1, a transfer case 3 drivingly connected to a power output end of the traveling motor 2, and a front axle 4 and a rear axle 5 correspondingly connected to different output ends of the transfer case 3. The traveling motor 2 is electrically connected to the power battery 1, and is capable of receiving electric power from the power battery 1, converting the electric power into mechanical power, and transmitting the mechanical power to the transfer case 3 through the power output shaft. The transfer case 3 can be a speed reduction transfer case with speed reduction and torque increase functions and can be connected with the walking motor 2 into a whole so as to reduce the space occupation on the vehicle body. A transfer gear train may be disposed in the transfer case 3, and at least two output ends are provided to distribute the power generated by the traveling motor 2 to at least one of the front axle 4 and the rear axle 5, so as to drive wheels (front wheels 16 or rear wheels 17) mounted on the front axle 4 and the rear axle 5 to rotate, thereby realizing traveling functions such as forward traveling or backward traveling. A front drive shaft 14 and a rear drive shaft 15 may be connected between the transfer case 3 and the front axle 4 and the rear axle 5, respectively, depending on the arrangement position of the transfer case 3 on the vehicle body, whereby the transfer case 3 can be arranged at an intermediate position in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body, contributing to uniform distribution of the load of the vehicle body. In an alternative embodiment, the transfer case 3 can also be arranged close to the front axle 4 or the rear axle 5, whereby one of its outputs can be directly connected to e.g. a final drive mounted on the rear axle 5, without the provision of the rear drive shaft 15.

In order to adapt to various walking operating modes better, the utility model discloses in transfer case 3 that adopts can be controlled for making the power selectivity output that walking motor 2 produced to at least one of front axle 4 and rear axle 5 to make traveling system switch between two drive and four-wheel drive mode. From this, when walking under the field of different humidity, the road surface of going of different slopes etc. operating mode, the utility model discloses an electric tractor can make the wheel obtain different rotation moment of torsion through controlling transfer case 3 to adapt to the walking operating mode before better. For example, when walking in a muddy field, the transfer case 3 can be switched to the four-wheel drive mode, and the walking motor 2 simultaneously drives the front wheels 16 and the rear wheels 17 to rotate, thereby avoiding problems such as difficulty in walking due to wheel slip and the like.

The utility model discloses an electric tractor still disposes the operation motor 6 that is connected to power battery 1 and the power take-off 7 (power take off, PTO) that the transmission is connected to the power take-off of this operation motor 6 in the operating system, and this power take-off 7 can be with the power transmission that operation motor 6 produced to if lift system 19, suspension 20 etc. to the operating device of its connection of drive carries out the operation. Because the working device is driven by the working motor 6 which is independent relative to the walking motor 2, the working power matched with the walking speed can be obtained, the wheel slipping in the working process can be avoided by matching the rotating speed and the torque of the walking motor 2 and the working motor 6, and the working can be implemented with higher power performance and economical efficiency.

Because have independent drive's traveling system and operating system, the utility model discloses an electric tractor can also have higher intelligent degree through dispose suitable sensing module and control module. Specifically, the utility model relates to an in the preferred embodiment, electric tractor includes sensing module and signal connection to this sensing module's control module, sensing module sets up to controlling or actuating signal such as walking speed of a motor vehicle, battery temperature, throttle degree of depth, and control module can acquire the sensing module and respond to the sensing signal to according to the rotational speed of at least one of this sensing signal control walking motor 2 and operation motor 6, make walking system and operation system's power take off controlled in suitable within range, avoid the operation quality poor, the battery overtemperature scheduling problem. Therefore, the electric tractor can intelligently control the power output of the walking system and the operation system according to different operation requirements and working conditions, so that the better matching of the operation efficiency and the operation quality is realized. Meanwhile, the control module can store control programs corresponding to specific working conditions such as transition, rotary tillage operation, ploughing operation and seeding set according to historical data, so that an operator can directly call the corresponding control programs through working condition selection, the walking motor 2 and the operation motor 6 can output required rotating speed and torque, frequent operation is not needed, labor intensity is effectively reduced, and even intelligent farming operation modes such as unmanned operation are realized.

More specifically, the electric tractor may be provided with appropriate sensing elements to sense various parameters required for intelligent control, depending on the degree of intelligence required or the need for automatic control. Typically, the sensing module employed in the present invention may include at least one of a vehicle speed sensor, a temperature sensor, an angle sensor (for sensing an operation angle of the operation device), a force sensor (for sensing an acting force received by the operation device), and a throttle depth sensor.

In order to facilitate precise control of different driving or execution components, the control module may also include a vehicle integrated controller and a plurality of execution module controllers 8 connected to the vehicle integrated controller through CAN bus signals, where the execution module controllers 8 may include, for example, a walking motor controller, a working motor controller, an electro-hydraulic controller (for controlling electro-hydraulic components such as a wet clutch described later), a battery manager, and the like. In the present invention, the marked execution module controller 8 in fig. 1 is a walking motor controller, which can control the rotation speed and torque of the walking motor 2. The control module obtains real-time states and manipulator intentions of all parts of the whole vehicle, such as motor rotating speed and torque, accelerator pedal depth, power battery temperature and other information according to the sensing module, and sends control instructions to actuators such as a motor and a battery after analysis, calculation, judgment and processing of the integrated controller of the whole vehicle, so that the continuous walking and working of the whole vehicle are realized.

The present invention relates to an electric tractor, and more particularly, to an electric tractor which can be provided with a touch panel (not shown) connected to a control module via signals, and thus, an operator can perform input operations such as control and selection through the touch panel, and the control module can execute different control modes according to input touch signals. The touch screen can greatly reduce physical keys, and can select or switch functions such as a working condition mode, a road surface mode, a gear selection, a cruise selection, a lamp switch and the like by touching the keys through the screen, so that the space is saved, and the operation is convenient and fast.

Just as aforementioned, the utility model discloses can carry out the operating mode and select at specific operating mode such as transition, rotary tillage operation, plough operation, seeding that whole car integrated controller set for through the touch button of touch screen according to historical data, call corresponding walking motor, operation motor rotational speed and moment of torsion isoparametric, the walking of whole car of drive and work need not frequently to shift gears, button, the manipulation is convenient and can realize that efficiency and quality are more excellent to be matchd. Under the selected mode, the double-motor drive of the walking motor 2 and the operation motor 6, the wide-range speed regulation characteristics of the two motors and the independent drive of walking and work decoupling can realize stepless speed change, intelligent matching of walking speed and working speed is achieved according to actual working conditions, and operation efficiency and operation quality are balanced. Owing to adopt motor drive, this electric tractor can also utilize the switching-over characteristic of motor to realize intelligent switching-over, and need not to set up complicated mechanical derailleur, only can realize the selection and the intelligent switching-over and the speed governing function that DNR kept off, simple operation through controlling the touch screen.

Additionally, the utility model discloses can also realize modes such as intelligent cruise, intelligent drive, intelligent energy distribution through above-mentioned control module: the constant-speed cruise is selected through the touch screen according to working condition requirements, the working strength of a manipulator CAN be greatly reduced, after the integral vehicle controller collects input signals meeting conditions, signals of an accelerator pedal are transmitted to the motor controller through a CAN bus, and the motor controller controls the direction and the torque of a motor to drive in a torque control mode; if the maximum speed needs to be limited, the torque needs to be adjusted in real time according to the vehicle speed. The whole vehicle integrated controller selects dry fields, wet fields, compacted dry dirt roads, flat ground, climbing 5 degrees, 10 degrees and the like according to specific road surfaces and loads set by historical data, automatically switches two-drive or four-drive, and then matches proper rotating speeds and torques of a walking motor and a working motor, so that the skid prevention, high dynamic performance and economy can be realized. According to the actual working condition requirements, the power and the torque of a walking motor and an operation motor are dynamically distributed, the problem of frequent fluctuation of operation load is adapted, the motor is ensured to work in a most efficient area, and the highest system efficiency is realized; when the accelerator is released by a manipulator to slide or the brake pedal is stepped on to decelerate, the whole vehicle integrated controller can judge whether to enter a braking energy recovery mode or not according to information such as vehicle speed, battery SOC, the depth of the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal and the like, and energy recovery power is matched, so that energy consumption is further reduced, and efficiency is improved.

Generally, an implement for agricultural work is relatively heavy and requires a large driving force to perform the agricultural work, and for this reason, the power output from the working motor 6 needs to be amplified and applied to the implement. For example, in the illustrated preferred embodiment, the working motor 6 may be drivingly connected to the agricultural implement through a PTO reducer integrally disposed in the power take-off 7, such that the working power is applied to the agricultural implement through the power take-off output shaft 7a after being decelerated and torque-increased by the PTO reducer.

In addition, in the working system, part of the working elements need to be driven by hydraulic power, and for this purpose, a hydraulic pump 9 may be connected to the power output of the working motor 6, and the hydraulic pump 9 applies hydraulic pressure to, for example, the working equipment lifting system through a hydraulic circuit, thereby enabling hydraulic lifting of the working equipment. Alternatively, the hydraulic pump 9 may also be driven to provide steering power (or assist) to the steering system. In addition, a wet clutch may be provided in the working system, and the wet clutch may be controlled to switch the power output device 7 between a disengaged state and an engaged state, so that the power output device 7 selectively outputs power from the working motor 6 to drive the working device, such as a rotary cultivator, to operate at a proper time. Therefore, by electrically connecting the hydraulic devices in the hydraulic circuit to the control module, the control modes of intelligent electro-hydraulic control, PTO intelligent clutch and the like in the working process can be realized: the tilling depth or the middle position pressure maintaining of the machine tool is set through the touch screen, and the rear suspension and the automatic lifting and lowering of the agricultural machine tool are realized or certain tilling depth requirements are met through the intelligent control on the force and/or the position of the agricultural machine tool; during turning and turning around, the agricultural implement can synchronously realize the lifting function, the PTO intelligent clutch is realized by matching the wet clutch with the touch key of the touch screen, the power output is interrupted and combined, and the operation is simple and labor-saving.

According to the battery capacity demand, the utility model discloses the power battery 1 that sets up probably has great weight and volume, for this reason needs its position at the automobile body rationally arranged. In the illustrated preferred embodiment, the electric tractor includes a frame 10, and the power battery 1 is mounted on the frame 10 above the front axle 4, thereby being reliably carried. Meanwhile, the radiator 11 can be installed at the front end of the frame 10, and the radiator 11 can effectively take away heat generated by the power battery 1 in the charging and discharging process, so that the service life of the power battery 1 can be ensured, and possible risks such as thermal runaway can be reduced. In addition, the electric tractor may have other related parts for securing driving, work safety and functions, such as a safety frame 18 may be installed at a position of the frame 10 corresponding to the driver's seat, a hitch system 21 may be connected to a rear end of the frame 10, and the like.

Further, the utility model discloses an electric tractor can be equipped with battery 12, and this battery 12's output voltage is less than power battery 1's output voltage to be used for supplying power to low pressure power consumption parts such as lamps and lanterns, loudspeaker. In order to be able to charge with high efficiency, this electric tractor can also be with being equipped with the distribution device 13 that charges that is connected to power battery 1 and battery 12, and this distribution device 13 that charges is equipped with the direct current and charges mouthful and the mouth that exchanges, realizes high multiplying power direct current from this easily and fills soon, effectively shortens charge time, promotes user experience. In addition, the charging and power distribution device 13 can be set to detect the electric quantity of the storage battery 12 in real time and communicate with the storage battery 12 when the tractor is placed for a long time, and the storage battery 12 is charged by the power battery 1, so that the problem of power shortage is avoided.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The technical idea of the utility model within the scope, can be right the utility model discloses a technical scheme carries out multiple simple variant, makes up with any suitable mode including each concrete technical feature. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention does not separately describe various possible combinations. These simple variations and combinations should also be considered as disclosed in the present invention, all falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric tractor, comprising:

a power battery (1);

a walking system comprising a walking motor (2) electrically connected to the power battery (1), a transfer case (3) drivingly connected to a power output end of the walking motor (2), and a front axle (4) and a rear axle (5) correspondingly connected to different output ends of the transfer case (3) and respectively mounted with wheels, the transfer case (3) being operable such that at least one of the front axle (4) and the rear axle (5) selectively receives power output by the walking motor (2) to have different walking drive modes; and the number of the first and second groups,

the working system comprises a working motor (6) electrically connected to the power battery (1) and a power output device (7) in transmission connection with a power output end of the working motor (6).

2. Electric tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a sensing module and a control module arranged to acquire a sensing signal of said sensing module and to control the rotation speed of said walking motor (2) and/or said working motor (6) according to said sensing signal.

3. The electric tractor of claim 2, wherein the sensing module comprises at least one of a vehicle speed sensor, a temperature sensor, an angle sensor, a force sensor, and a throttle depth sensor.

4. The electric tractor according to claim 2, characterized in that the control module comprises a full vehicle integrated controller and a plurality of execution module controllers (8) connected to the full vehicle integrated controller by CAN bus signals.

5. The electric tractor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the electric tractor is provided with a touch screen signal-connected to the control module so that the control module can perform different control modes according to a touch signal input by the touch screen.

6. Electric tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the working system comprises a hydraulic pump (9) driven by the working motor (6), which hydraulic pump (9) is arranged to be able to output hydraulic power to a steering system and/or a working implement lifting system.

7. The electric tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that a wet clutch is provided in the work system, which wet clutch can be controlled to switch the power take-off (7) between a disengaged state and an engaged state, so that the power take-off (7) selectively outputs power from the work motor (6).

8. The electric tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a frame (10), said power battery (1) being mounted to a portion of the frame (10) corresponding to said front axle (4), and a radiator (11) being mounted in front of said power battery (1).

9. Electric tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a battery (12), the output voltage of the battery (12) being smaller than the output voltage of the power cell (1).

10. Electric tractor according to claim 9, characterized in that it has a charging and distribution device (13) electrically connected to said power battery (1) and to said accumulator (12) for charging, the charging and distribution device (13) being provided with a direct current charging port and an alternating current charging port.