CN217749517U - Profile milling cutter for scrolls - Google Patents

Profile milling cutter for scrolls Download PDF

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CN217749517U
CN217749517U CN202221366609.7U CN202221366609U CN217749517U CN 217749517 U CN217749517 U CN 217749517U CN 202221366609 U CN202221366609 U CN 202221366609U CN 217749517 U CN217749517 U CN 217749517U
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cutter
edge
tool
milling cutter
peripheral
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沈钰
高伟建
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Suzhou Ahno Precision Cutting Tool Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Ahno Precision Cutting Tool Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及适用于涡旋盘的成型铣刀,包括刀具主体,刀具主体沿铣刀轴线的第一方向依次设有第一刀具部及第二刀具部,第一刀具部与所述第二刀具部呈阶梯状;刀具主体的外周上设有至少两排屑槽,排屑槽从第一刀具部的端面延伸至第二刀具部上;排屑槽在所述第一刀具部、第二刀具部上分别形成第一周刃及第二周刃,第二周刃的直径大于第一周刃的直径。通过第一周刃及第二周刃成型涡旋盘上不同部分,简化换刀定位步骤,提高加工精度。

Figure 202221366609

The utility model relates to a forming milling cutter suitable for a scroll, comprising a cutter main body, the cutter main body is provided with a first cutter part and a second cutter part in sequence along a first direction of the milling cutter axis, the first cutter part and the second cutter part are arranged in sequence along the first direction of the milling cutter axis. The tool part is stepped; the outer circumference of the tool body is provided with at least two chip removal grooves, the chip removal grooves extend from the end face of the first tool part to the second tool part; the chip removal grooves are located on the first tool part, the second tool part A first peripheral blade and a second peripheral blade are respectively formed on the cutter part, and the diameter of the second peripheral blade is larger than that of the first peripheral blade. The first circumferential edge and the second circumferential edge are used to form different parts on the scroll, which simplifies the tool changing and positioning steps and improves the machining accuracy.

Figure 202221366609

Description

适用于涡旋盘的成型铣刀Form milling cutters for scrolls

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及铣削加工领域,特别是涉及一种适用于涡旋盘的成型铣刀。The utility model relates to the field of milling processing, in particular to a forming milling cutter suitable for scroll disks.

背景技术Background technique

铝合金涡旋盘作为新能源汽车中涡旋压缩机的核心部件,其加工精度直接影响涡旋压缩机的工作性能。涡旋盘是典型的薄壁零部件,涡旋盘包括复杂的涡旋型线及倒角结构,增加了刀具切削制造工艺的难度。具体地,成型倒角与成与成型其它部位的所需要的刀具不同,使得在成型倒角结构需要更换刀具,而在成型过程中需要较高的精度。在更换刀具后需要对刀具重新定位,为保证成型位置精准对定位要求高。The aluminum alloy scroll disc is the core component of the scroll compressor in the new energy vehicle, and its machining accuracy directly affects the performance of the scroll compressor. The scroll is a typical thin-walled part. The scroll includes complex scroll lines and chamfering structures, which increases the difficulty of the tool cutting manufacturing process. Specifically, the forming chamfering is different from the tools required for forming other parts, so that the forming chamfering structure needs to change the tool, and higher precision is required in the forming process. After the tool is replaced, the tool needs to be repositioned. In order to ensure the accuracy of the forming position, the positioning requirements are high.

实用新型内容Utility model content

基于此,有必要针对更换刀具后定位精度难以保证的问题,提供一种适用于涡旋盘的成型铣刀。Based on this, it is necessary to provide a form milling cutter suitable for scroll disks to solve the problem that the positioning accuracy is difficult to guarantee after changing the cutter.

本申请提供一种适用于涡旋盘的成型铣刀,包括刀具主体,刀具主体沿铣刀轴线的第一方向依次设有第一刀具部及第二刀具部,第一刀具部与第二刀具部呈阶梯状;The present application provides a form milling cutter suitable for a scroll, comprising a cutter body, the cutter body is provided with a first cutter part and a second cutter part in sequence along the first direction of the milling cutter axis, the first cutter part and the second cutter The part is stepped;

刀具主体的外周上设有至少两排屑槽,排屑槽从第一刀具部的端面延伸至第二刀具部上;排屑槽在第一刀具部、第二刀具部上分别形成第一周刃及第二周刃,第二周刃的直径大于第一周刃的直径。At least two chip flutes are provided on the outer periphery of the tool body, and the chip flutes extend from the end face of the first tool part to the second tool part; the chip flutes form a first circle on the first tool part and the second tool part Edge and the second peripheral edge, the diameter of the second peripheral edge is greater than the diameter of the first peripheral edge.

本申请实施例的技术方案中,第一刀具部、第二刀具部成阶梯状设置,通过凸出的第二刀具部方便成型倒角,使得第一刀具部在成型孔槽的同时二刀具部成型倒角,由于第一刀具部、第二刀具部相对固定在成型过程中可保证精度因而可省去了定位步骤。In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first cutter part and the second cutter part are arranged in a stepped shape, and the protruding second cutter part facilitates chamfering, so that the first cutter part is forming the hole groove while the second cutter part Forming chamfering, since the first tool part and the second tool part are relatively fixed in the forming process, the accuracy can be guaranteed, so the positioning step can be omitted.

在其中一个实施例中,第一刀具部与第二刀具部的连接处设有过渡斜坡,过渡斜坡包括从第一周刃刀背面延伸至第二周刃刀背面的斜面;斜面沿第一方向逐渐远离铣刀轴线偏移;In one of the embodiments, a transition slope is provided at the connection between the first cutter part and the second cutter part, and the transition slope includes a slope extending from the back of the first peripheral blade to the rear of the second peripheral blade; the slope is along the first direction Offset gradually away from the milling cutter axis;

其中,第一周刃及第二周刃的刀背面为排屑槽与相应第一刀具部及第二刀具部的外周相交所形成的面。Wherein, the tool backs of the first peripheral edge and the second peripheral edge are the surfaces formed by the intersection of the chip flutes and the outer peripheries of the corresponding first tool part and the second tool part.

在其中一个实施例中,斜面包括沿第一方向依次设置的第一斜面及第二斜面,第一斜面与第一周刃刀背面形成的夹角角度小于第二斜面与第二周刃刀背面形成的夹角角度。In one of the embodiments, the slope includes a first slope and a second slope arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the included angle between the first slope and the back of the first peripheral blade is smaller than that between the second slope and the back of the second peripheral blade. The formed included angle.

在其中一个实施例中,排屑槽与过渡斜坡的斜面相交形成副端刃。In one embodiment, the flute intersects with the slope of the transition slope to form a secondary end edge.

在其中一个实施例中,排屑槽与第一刀具部上与第一方向相交的端面相交形成主端刃。In one of the embodiments, the main end edge is formed by intersecting the chip flute with the end surface intersecting the first direction on the first tool part.

在其中一个实施例中,主端刃与第一周刃的刀背面相交形成的夹角上设置倒角,主端刃上相对应于倒角另一侧为末端,末端靠近第一刀具部的轴心,并且主端刃的末端间不相交。In one of the embodiments, a chamfer is provided on the angle formed by the intersection of the main end edge and the knife back of the first peripheral edge. axis, and the ends of the main end edges do not intersect.

在其中一个实施例中,主端刃的刃口从末端朝向倒角的方向逐渐向远离铣刀轴线的一侧偏移。In one of the embodiments, the cutting edge of the main end edge gradually deviates from the end toward the chamfering direction to a side away from the axis of the milling cutter.

在其中一个实施例中,排屑槽包括入刀面,入刀面与主端刃相交形成端刃棱边。In one embodiment, the flute includes an entry surface, and the entry surface intersects with the main end edge to form an edge of the end edge.

在其中一个实施例中,第二刀具部的一端设有柄部,第一刀具部、第二刀具部及柄部沿第一方向依次设置,柄部的直径不小于第二周刃的直径。In one embodiment, a shank is provided at one end of the second cutter part, the first cutter part, the second cutter part and the shank are arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the diameter of the shank is not smaller than the diameter of the second peripheral edge.

在其中一个实施例中,在第一刀具部、第二刀具部的铝合金基层上设有氮化锆涂层。In one of the embodiments, a zirconium nitride coating is provided on the aluminum alloy base layer of the first cutter part and the second cutter part.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本实用新型一实施例提供的铣刀的正视图;Fig. 1 is the front view of the milling cutter provided by one embodiment of the utility model;

图2为本实用新型一实施例提供的部分铣刀的结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a part of the milling cutter provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图3为图2上A处截面的局部放大示意图;Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a section at A place in Fig. 2;

图4为本实用新型一实施例提供的铣刀上端刃的结构示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the upper end edge of the milling cutter provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图5为本实用新型一实施例提供的铣刀的左视图。Fig. 5 is a left view of the milling cutter provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

附图标记:Reference signs:

11、第一刀具部;11. The first tool department;

111、第一周刃;112、主端刃;113、倒角;111, the first peripheral edge; 112, the main end edge; 113, chamfering;

1121、末端;1121. end;

12、第二刀具部;12. The second cutting tool department;

121、第二周刃;121. The second week edge;

1211、第一斜面;1212、第二斜面;1211, the first slope; 1212, the second slope;

13、排屑槽;13. Chip flute;

131、槽底面;132、出刀面;133、入刀面;134、端刃棱边;131, groove bottom surface; 132, knife exit surface; 133, knife entry surface; 134, end edge edge;

14、端面;14. End face;

15、柄部。15. Handle.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本实用新型的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本实用新型。但是本实用新型能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本实用新型内涵的情况下做类似改进,因此本实用新型不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。In order to make the above purpose, features and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the specific implementation of the present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the utility model, so the utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below limit.

在本实用新型的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial ", "radial", "circumferential" and other indicated orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying No device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.

此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本实用新型的描述中,“多个”的含义是至少两个,例如两个,三个等,除非另有明确具体的限定。In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present utility model, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

在本实用新型中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系,除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本实用新型中的具体含义。In this utility model, unless otherwise specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrated; may be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and may be an internal communication between two elements or an interactive relationship between two elements, unless otherwise stated Clearly defined. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model according to specific situations.

在本实用新型中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触,或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且,第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方,或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first feature and the second feature through an intermediary indirect contact. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "beneath" the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

需要说明的是,当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件,它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件,它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的,并不表示是唯一的实施方式。It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “disposed on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions are for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to represent the only embodiment.

参考图1、2,图1为根据本申请中的一些实施例的铣刀的正视图,图2为根据本申请中的一些实施例的部分铣刀的结构示意图。本申请提供了一种适用于涡旋盘的成型铣刀,包括刀具主体,刀具主体沿铣刀轴线的第一方向依次设有第一刀具部11及第二刀具部12,第一刀具部11与第二刀具部12呈阶梯状;Referring to Figures 1 and 2, Figure 1 is a front view of a milling cutter according to some embodiments of the present application, and Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a part of the milling cutter according to some embodiments of the present application. The present application provides a form milling cutter suitable for a scroll, comprising a cutter body, the cutter body is sequentially provided with a first cutter part 11 and a second cutter part 12 along the first direction of the milling cutter axis, the first cutter part 11 It is stepped with the second cutter part 12;

刀具主体的外周上设有至少两排屑槽13,排屑槽13从第一刀具部11的端面14延伸至第二刀具部12上;由排屑槽13在第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12上分别形成第一周刃111及第二周刃121,第二周刃121的直径大于第一周刃111的直径。The outer periphery of cutter main body is provided with at least two flutes 13, and flutes 13 extend to the second cutter portion 12 from the end face 14 of first cutter portion 11; A first peripheral cutting edge 111 and a second peripheral cutting edge 121 are respectively formed on the cutter portion 12 , and the diameter of the second peripheral cutting edge 121 is larger than that of the first peripheral cutting edge 111 .

其中,具体地,第一刀具部11与第二刀具部12呈阶梯状,第二刀具部12的外直径大于第一刀具的外直径,使得第二刀具部12的端面上形成台阶。同时,通过同一排屑槽13从端面14贯穿第一刀具部11并延伸至第二刀具部12上。通过排屑槽13使得在第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12上对应的位置处形成第一周刃111、第二周刃121。而由于第二刀具部12自身的直径第一刀具部11的直径,作为第一周刃111、第二周刃121的刀背由第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12的外周构成,使得第一周刃111、第二周刃121最大轮廓由第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12的外周决定。最终,第二周刃121的直径大于第一周刃111的直径。Specifically, the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12 are stepped, and the outer diameter of the second cutter part 12 is larger than the outer diameter of the first cutter, so that a step is formed on the end surface of the second cutter part 12 . At the same time, through the same flute 13 , the end surface 14 penetrates through the first tool part 11 and extends to the second tool part 12 . The first peripheral cutting edge 111 and the second peripheral cutting edge 121 are formed at corresponding positions on the first cutter portion 11 and the second cutter portion 12 through the flutes 13 . And due to the diameter of the first cutter part 11 of the diameter of the second cutter part 12 self, the knife back as the first peripheral edge 111, the second peripheral edge 121 is constituted by the outer peripheries of the first cutter part 11, the second cutter part 12, so that the second The maximum contours of the peripheral cutting edge 111 and the second peripheral cutting edge 121 are determined by the outer peripheries of the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12 . Finally, the diameter of the second peripheral edge 121 is larger than the diameter of the first peripheral edge 111 .

第一周刃111及第二周刃121为由相邻的两排屑槽13与排屑槽13之间的第一周刃111、第二周刃121的外周所形成的螺旋状凸起的刀刃,第一周刃111及第二周刃121绕设在刀具侧。排屑槽13与第一周刃111、第二周刃121的外周侧面相交形成的为第一周刃111、第二周刃121的刀背面。排屑槽13将刀具的外周分割成若干凸起的螺旋状周刃,周刃上处于原外周侧面上所在处的面为刀背面。The first peripheral cutting edge 111 and the second peripheral cutting edge 121 are helical protrusions formed by the outer circumferences of the first peripheral cutting edge 111 and the second peripheral cutting edge 121 between two adjacent chip flutes 13 and chip flutes 13. The cutting edge, the first peripheral cutting edge 111 and the second peripheral cutting edge 121 are arranged around the cutter side. The back surfaces of the first peripheral cutting edge 111 and the second peripheral cutting edge 121 are formed by the intersection of the chip flute 13 and the outer peripheral sides of the first peripheral cutting edge 111 and the second peripheral cutting edge 121 . The chip flute 13 divides the outer periphery of the tool into several raised helical peripheral edges, and the surface of the peripheral edge on the original outer peripheral side is the knife back.

首先,第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12上的排屑槽13形状、旋向、螺旋角角度都相同,排屑槽13的螺旋角角度范围为32°~35°。保证了第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12上的排屑槽13的统一性,避免排屑槽13在第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12连接处过于狭窄而影响切屑流出的顺畅性。更为重要的是,通过阶梯状的刀具主体,方便同时切削不同的位置。尤其是在加工内倒角的过程中,内倒角的位置与成型孔槽的位置相对固定,当使用两把刀具进行加工时,需要在更换刀具后进行定位操作,要求定位精度高,否也容易出现内倒角的位置与孔槽不对应的问题,而在本申请中,通过阶梯设置的第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12,方便第一刀具部11在成型孔槽的同时第二刀具部12加工内倒角,而由于第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12为同轴设置的,因为两者的位置关系固定,在成型过程中避免了错位的问题。可高效加工工件侧壁及成型倒角,确保其加工的精准性及一致性。Firstly, the chip flutes 13 on the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12 have the same shape, direction of rotation and helix angle, and the helix angle of the chip flutes 13 ranges from 32° to 35°. The uniformity of the chip flutes 13 on the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12 is guaranteed, and the chip flutes 13 are prevented from being too narrow at the junction of the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12 to affect the chip flow out smoothly sex. More importantly, through the stepped tool body, it is convenient to cut different positions at the same time. Especially in the process of machining the inner chamfer, the position of the inner chamfer and the position of the forming hole are relatively fixed. When using two tools for machining, it is necessary to perform positioning operation after changing the tool, which requires high positioning accuracy. It is easy to have the problem that the position of the inner chamfer does not correspond to the hole groove, but in this application, the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12 arranged in steps facilitate the first cutter part 11 to form the hole groove at the same time. The second cutter part 12 processes inner chamfering, and because the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12 are coaxially arranged, because the positional relationship between the two is fixed, the problem of misalignment is avoided during the forming process. It can efficiently process the side wall and forming chamfer of the workpiece to ensure the accuracy and consistency of its processing.

根据本申请的一些实施例,参考图2、3,图3为图2上A处截面的局部放大示意图。第一刀具部11与第二刀具部12的连接处设有过渡斜坡,过渡斜坡包括从第一周刃刀111背面延伸至第二周刃刀121背面的斜面;斜面沿第一方向逐渐远离铣刀轴线偏移。According to some embodiments of the present application, refer to FIGS. 2 and 3 , and FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a section at A in FIG. 2 . The junction of the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12 is provided with a transition slope, and the transition slope includes a slope extending from the back of the first peripheral blade 111 to the back of the second peripheral blade 121; the slope is gradually moved away from the mill along the first direction. Tool axis offset.

过渡斜坡由第一周刃刀111沿第一方向连磨至第二刀具部12,使得第一周刃刀111外缘平滑过渡到第二刀具部12上。过渡斜坡包括与第一周刃刀111背面、第二周刃刀121背面连接的斜面。第一周刃刀111背面、第二周刃刀121背面为第一刀具部11与第二刀具部12的外周侧壁,由于第二周刃刀121的直径d2大于第一周刃刀111直径d1,因而连接第一周刃刀111背面、第二周刃刀121背面的斜面为相对于第一方向偏移的平面或弧面。具体地,d1的范围为8mm~10mm。The transition slope is continuously ground from the first peripheral blade 111 to the second cutter part 12 along the first direction, so that the outer edge of the first peripheral blade 111 smoothly transitions to the second cutter part 12 . The transition slope includes a slope connected to the back of the first peripheral knife 111 and the back of the second peripheral knife 121 . The back side of the first peripheral blade 111 and the back side of the second peripheral blade 121 are the outer peripheral side walls of the first cutter portion 11 and the second cutter portion 12, because the diameter d 2 of the second peripheral blade 121 is greater than that of the first peripheral blade 111 Diameter d 1 , so the slope connecting the back of the first peripheral blade 111 and the back of the second peripheral blade 121 is a plane or an arc that is offset relative to the first direction. Specifically, the range of d 1 is 8 mm to 10 mm.

进一步地,在第一刀具部11与第二刀具部12的周向刃口设置有缓存刃带,该缓存刃带用以保护周向刃口。缓存刃带的厚度范围在0.03mm~0.06mm,缓存刃带后角为2°~3°。通过设置缓存刃带保护周向刃口,从而提高刀具的使用寿命。Further, buffer lands are provided on the circumferential cutting edges of the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12, and the buffer lands are used to protect the circumferential cutting edges. The thickness range of the cache margin is 0.03mm to 0.06mm, and the relief angle of the cache margin is 2° to 3°. By setting the caching margin to protect the circumferential cutting edge, the service life of the tool is improved.

第一周刃刀111、第二周刃刀121的后刀面采用直后刀面形式,由于铝合金弹性模量较小,致使切削中工件易产生较大的弹性变形,难以获得高质量的加工精度。同时,还会引起后刀面和已加工表面之间的剧烈摩擦,从而加剧刀具的磨损并引起振动,尤其是对于涡旋盘类的薄壁件加工中表现的更加明显。第一周刃刀111、第二周刃刀121的第一后角角度10°~14°,第二后角角度为20°~25°。为增大切削刀具与已加工表面之间的间隙,减小刀具的周向刃与铝合金材料摩擦产生的磨损以及降低摩擦产生的热量。The flanks of the first peripheral blade 111 and the second peripheral blade 121 adopt the form of straight flanks. Due to the small elastic modulus of the aluminum alloy, the workpiece is prone to large elastic deformation during cutting, and it is difficult to obtain high-quality Precision. At the same time, it will also cause severe friction between the flank and the machined surface, which will aggravate the wear of the tool and cause vibration, especially for the processing of thin-walled parts such as scrolls. The first relief angle of the first peripheral blade 111 and the second peripheral blade 121 is 10°-14°, and the second relief angle is 20°-25°. In order to increase the gap between the cutting tool and the machined surface, reduce the wear caused by the friction between the circumferential edge of the tool and the aluminum alloy material and reduce the heat generated by friction.

根据本申请的一些实施例,更进一步地,排屑槽13与过渡斜坡的斜面相交形成作为第三切削刃的副端刃。According to some embodiments of the present application, further, the chip flute 13 intersects with the slope of the transition slope to form a secondary end edge as a third cutting edge.

在排屑槽13与过渡斜坡的斜面相交形成不同于第一周刃刀111、第二周刃刀121切削方向的副端刃,以便于副端刃成型更为复杂的结构。通过设置过渡斜坡可以有效提高第一刀具部11与第二刀具部12连接位置处的强度,并且过渡斜坡在第一刀具部11与第二刀具部12间形成了第三切削刃,以增大了切削刃面积,提高切削效率。The intersection of the chip flute 13 and the slope of the transition slope forms a secondary end edge different from the cutting direction of the first peripheral edge knife 111 and the second peripheral edge knife 121, so as to facilitate the formation of a more complicated structure of the secondary end edge. The strength at the connection position between the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12 can be effectively improved by setting the transition slope, and the transition slope forms a third cutting edge between the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12 to increase the The area of the cutting edge is increased, and the cutting efficiency is improved.

根据本申请的一些实施例,斜面包括沿第一方向依次设置的第一斜面1211及第二斜面1212,第一斜面1211与第一周刃111刀背面形成的夹角角度小于第二斜面1212与第二周刃121刀背面形成的夹角角度。According to some embodiments of the present application, the slope includes a first slope 1211 and a second slope 1212 arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the angle formed between the first slope 1211 and the back of the first peripheral edge 111 is smaller than that between the second slope 1212 and the second slope 1212. The included angle that the second peripheral edge 121 knife back forms.

第一斜面1211与第一周刃111刀背面形成的夹角角度δ1,第二斜面1212与第二周刃121刀背面形成的夹角角度δ2,其中,满足δ12。具体地,δ1处的夹角为第一斜面1211与第一周刃111截面处刀背所在的直线相交形成的夹角。δ2处的夹角为第二斜面1212与第二周刃121截面处刀背所在的直线相交形成的夹角。The included angle δ 1 formed by the first slope 1211 and the back of the first peripheral edge 111 , and the included angle δ 2 formed by the second slope 1212 and the back of the second peripheral edge 121 , where δ 12 is satisfied. Specifically, the included angle at δ1 is the included angle formed by the intersection of the first slope 1211 and the straight line where the back of the blade at the section of the first peripheral edge 111 is located. The included angle at δ2 is the included angle formed by the intersection of the second inclined plane 1212 and the straight line where the back of the blade at the section of the second peripheral edge 121 is located.

不同倾斜程度的第一斜面1211第二斜面1212,便于成型不同类型的倒角结构。或者由于第一斜面1211、第二斜面1212倾斜程度不同,故第一斜面1211、第二斜面1212的切削量不同,通过第一斜面1211、第二斜面1212协同工作可减少单次切削量,从而保护副端刃,提高该刀具的使用寿命。The first inclined surface 1211 and the second inclined surface 1212 with different inclinations are convenient for forming different types of chamfering structures. Or because the first bevel 1211 and the second bevel 1212 have different degrees of inclination, so the cutting amount of the first bevel 1211 and the second bevel 1212 are different, and the single cutting amount can be reduced by the first bevel 1211 and the second bevel 1212 working together, thereby Protect the secondary end edge and increase the service life of the tool.

根据本申请的一些实施例,排屑槽13与第一刀具部11上与第一方向相交的端面14相交形成主端刃112。端面14位于该铣刀第一方向上的始末端,具体地,在切削时端面14优先与切削材料接触。According to some embodiments of the present application, the chip flute 13 intersects with the end surface 14 intersecting the first direction on the first cutter portion 11 to form a main end edge 112 . The end surface 14 is located at the starting end of the milling cutter in the first direction, specifically, the end surface 14 is preferentially in contact with the cutting material during cutting.

排屑槽13与第一周刃111在端面14处的一端相交形成主端刃112。主端刃112作为最先接触切削材料的部位用以成型底部。在本方案中,主端刃112上远离轴心的一端与切削材料接触以实现切削材料。通过第一周刃111切削成型侧壁,主端刃112成型底面,以提高工件表面光洁度、提升切削效率。The chip flute 13 intersects with one end of the first peripheral cutting edge 111 at the end surface 14 to form a main end cutting edge 112 . The main end edge 112 serves as the first contact with the cutting material to form the bottom. In this solution, the end of the main end edge 112 away from the axis is in contact with the cutting material to achieve cutting material. The side wall is formed by cutting the first peripheral edge 111, and the bottom surface is formed by the main end edge 112, so as to improve the surface finish of the workpiece and improve the cutting efficiency.

具体到本案中,参考图4、5,图4为根据本申请中的一些实施例的铣刀上端刃的结构示意图,图5为根据本申请中的一些实施例的铣刀的左视图。排屑槽13的数量为四条,通过四条排屑槽13形成了四个第一周刃111,每一个第一周刃111位于端面14上各形成一主端刃112。排屑槽13相对于刀具环周上呈不等分分布设置。使得至少各相邻两第一周刃111之间的夹角角度均不相同,即θ1≠θ2,角度差值在3°~6°。不等齿分第一周刃111设计在高速切削时能产生交变的切削频率,不易与机床发生共振,有效消除或避免了刀具加工薄壁件时的切削振颤。Specifically in this case, refer to Figures 4 and 5, Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the upper end edge of the milling cutter according to some embodiments of the present application, and Figure 5 is a left view of the milling cutter according to some embodiments of the present application. There are four chip flutes 13 , four first peripheral edges 111 are formed by the four chip flutes 13 , and each first peripheral edge 111 is located on the end surface 14 to form a main end edge 112 . The flutes 13 are arranged in an uneven distribution with respect to the circumference of the cutter. The included angles between at least two adjacent first peripheral edges 111 are different, that is, θ1≠θ2, and the angle difference is 3°˜6°. The design of the first peripheral edge 111 with unequal tooth division can produce alternating cutting frequency during high-speed cutting, and it is not easy to resonate with the machine tool, effectively eliminating or avoiding cutting chatter when the tool is processing thin-walled parts.

根据本申请的一些实施例,具体地,主端刃112与第一周刃111的刀背面相交形成的夹角上设置倒角113,主端刃112上相对应于倒角113另一侧为末端1121,末端1121靠近第一刀具部11的轴心,并且主端刃112的末端1121间不相交。According to some embodiments of the present application, specifically, a chamfer 113 is provided on the angle formed by the intersection of the main end edge 112 and the knife back of the first peripheral edge 111, and the other side of the main end edge 112 corresponding to the chamfer 113 is The end 1121 is close to the axis of the first cutter portion 11 , and the ends 1121 of the main end edge 112 do not intersect each other.

在端面14上靠近轴心的位置处形成空置的槽位,从而增大了端面14的容屑槽的面积,以扩大刀具切削容屑空间。主端刃112与第一周刃111的刀背面相交的切削点处,将相交的夹角做倒角处理,在本方案中,相交的夹角做导圆角处理,可有效消除或避免刀尖应力集中,提高刀尖刃口强度,降低刀尖崩刃破损或塑性变形磨损的风险。A vacant slot is formed on the end surface 14 close to the axis, thereby increasing the area of the chip flute on the end surface 14 to expand the cutting chip space of the tool. At the cutting point where the main end edge 112 intersects the back of the first peripheral edge 111, the intersecting angles are chamfered. In this solution, the intersecting angles are rounded, which can effectively eliminate or avoid the knife Stress concentration at the tip improves the strength of the tip edge and reduces the risk of tip chipping, damage or plastic deformation wear.

根据本申请的一些实施例,主端刃112的刃口从末端1121朝向倒角113的方向逐渐向远离第一刀具部11轴线的一侧偏移。According to some embodiments of the present application, the cutting edge of the main end edge 112 gradually deviates from the end 1121 toward the direction of the chamfer 113 to a side away from the axis of the first cutter portion 11 .

主端刃112的刃口向轴心处凹陷,主端刃112刃口的凹角角度为3.5°,以减小主端刃112刃口与材料的接触面积,从而增大主端刃112的切削力,使得主端刃112更加锋利。另一方面,主端刃112的刃口向内凹向,使得在端面14上形成向内凹向的空间,以便于进一步扩大扩大刀具切削容屑空间。提高切削时的容屑能力,可避免排屑不畅导致加工精度低及表面粗糙度差的问题。The edge of the main end edge 112 is sunken towards the axis, and the concave angle of the edge of the main end edge 112 is 3.5°, so as to reduce the contact area between the edge of the main end edge 112 and the material, thereby increasing the cutting of the main end edge 112 force, making the main end edge 112 sharper. On the other hand, the cutting edge of the main end edge 112 is concave inward, so that an inward concave space is formed on the end surface 14, so as to further expand the chip cutting space of the tool. Improving the chip holding capacity during cutting can avoid the problems of low machining accuracy and poor surface roughness caused by poor chip removal.

根据本申请的一些实施例,如图4所示。排屑槽13包括入刀面133,入刀面133与主端刃112相交形成端刃棱边134。According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 4 . The flute 13 includes an entry surface 133 , and the entry surface 133 intersects with the main end edge 112 to form an end edge 134 .

排屑槽13包括入刀面133、槽底面131、出刀面132。出刀面132、入刀面133设于槽底面131对应的两侧,使得入刀面133与主端刃112形成作为刃口的端刃棱边134。出刀面132形成主端刃112的后刃背。入刀面133相对与槽底面131连接点的切线倾斜,以调整端刃棱边134所在的入刀面133与主端刃112所形成的夹角角度,调节第一刀具部11上第一周刃111及主端刃112的大小及刃口强度,以提高铣刀切削性能。The flute 13 includes an entry surface 133 , a bottom surface 131 , and an exit surface 132 . The knife exit surface 132 and the knife entrance surface 133 are arranged on two sides corresponding to the groove bottom surface 131 , so that the knife entrance surface 133 and the main end edge 112 form an end edge 134 as a cutting edge. The cutting surface 132 forms the heel back of the main end edge 112 . The entry surface 133 is inclined relative to the tangent line of the connection point with the groove bottom surface 131, so as to adjust the included angle formed by the entry surface 133 where the end edge 134 is located and the main end edge 112, and adjust the first circle on the first cutter portion 11. The size and cutting edge strength of the edge 111 and the main end edge 112 are to improve the cutting performance of the milling cutter.

根据本申请的一些实施例,第二刀具部12的一端设有柄部15,第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12及柄部15沿第一方向依次设置,柄部15的直径不小于第二周刃121的直径。According to some embodiments of the present application, one end of the second cutter part 12 is provided with a shank 15, and the first cutter part 11, the second cutter part 12 and the shank 15 are sequentially arranged along the first direction, and the diameter of the shank 15 is not less than The diameter of the second peripheral edge 121 .

柄部15用以刀具的夹持和固定,同时,第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12及柄部15同轴线设置,使得减小在转动该铣刀时因惯性而产生的离心力,柄部15的直径大于或等于第二刀具部12的直径d2The shank 15 is used for clamping and fixing the cutter. At the same time, the first cutter part 11, the second cutter part 12 and the handle 15 are coaxially arranged so as to reduce the centrifugal force generated by inertia when rotating the milling cutter. The diameter of the shank portion 15 is greater than or equal to the diameter d 2 of the second knife portion 12 .

根据本申请的一些实施例,在铣刀上刀具上设置多种晶体结构涂层。在第一刀具部11、第二刀具部12的铝合金基层上设有氮化锆涂层。According to some embodiments of the present application, multiple crystal structure coatings are provided on the cutter on the milling cutter. Zirconium nitride coatings are provided on the aluminum alloy base layers of the first cutter part 11 and the second cutter part 12 .

该铣刀的材料为高硬度HRA的超细晶粒硬质合金棒料,具体该铣刀材料为铝合金。该铝合金材料中含有硅、钴,其中,钴含量为9%。而对于硅铝合金,其含Si元素可有效改善材料的抗拉强度、硬度以及高温时强度,但同时也易出现游离硅的硬质点,使切削性变差,尤其是高硅铝合金(Si≥12%)更为明显。铝合金熔点较低,温升后塑性增大,切屑流出时,在高温高压作用下,切屑底层和前刀面的摩擦较大,滞留现象严重,极易产生积屑瘤,导致工件的加工精度降低,表面粗糙度变差,刀具寿命降低。在本方案中,周刃前角的角度范围在9°~12°。在防止刃口崩刃破损同时兼顾刀具的强度、锋利性及排屑性能。The material of the milling cutter is a high-hardness HRA ultra-fine-grained hard alloy rod, specifically, the material of the milling cutter is aluminum alloy. The aluminum alloy material contains silicon and cobalt, wherein the cobalt content is 9%. For silicon-aluminum alloys, the Si-containing element can effectively improve the tensile strength, hardness and strength at high temperature of the material, but at the same time, it is also prone to hard spots of free silicon, which makes the machinability worse, especially for high-silicon aluminum alloys ( Si≥12%) is more obvious. The melting point of aluminum alloy is low, and the plasticity increases after the temperature rises. When the chips flow out, under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the friction between the bottom layer of the chips and the rake face is relatively large, and the stagnation phenomenon is serious, which easily produces built-up edge, which leads to the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Decrease, the surface roughness becomes worse, and the tool life is reduced. In this solution, the rake angle of the peripheral edge ranges from 9° to 12°. While preventing chipping and damage of the cutting edge, it takes into account the strength, sharpness and chip removal performance of the tool.

具体地,对于该铣刀的磨削制造选用超细磨粒金刚石树脂砂轮,对其刀具槽内及刃口前、后刀面进行精抛处理,以减小切屑与前刀面的摩擦系数,使排屑更加顺畅。同时,刀具涂层前需通过石英砂喷砂处理对刃口进行圆角钝化,确保刃口磨削纹路平整,且无锯齿等微观缺陷。Specifically, for the grinding and manufacturing of the milling cutter, an ultra-fine abrasive diamond resin grinding wheel is selected, and the inside of the tool groove and the front and flank faces of the cutting edge are finely polished to reduce the friction coefficient between chips and the rake face. Make chip removal smoother. At the same time, the cutting edge must be rounded and passivated by quartz sand blasting before coating to ensure that the cutting edge has a smooth grinding pattern and no microscopic defects such as sawtooth.

在钝化处理后,通过物理气相沉积(PVD)方式对刀具表面进行氮化锆(ZrN)涂层处理。氮化锆(ZrN)是一种难溶化合物,呈金黄色,其分解温度高、化学稳定性好,同时具有良好的耐高温、耐腐蚀及表面润滑性。氮化锆(ZrN)涂层在提高刀具表层硬度及综合力学性能的同时,可有效减小切屑与刀具前刀面之间的摩擦系数,阻隔刀具与工件之间的元素亲和反应,消除或避免刃口发生粘结及扩散磨损。After passivation treatment, zirconium nitride (ZrN) coating treatment was carried out on the tool surface by physical vapor deposition (PVD). Zirconium nitride (ZrN) is an insoluble compound with a golden yellow color, high decomposition temperature, good chemical stability, and good high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and surface lubricity. Zirconium nitride (ZrN) coating can effectively reduce the friction coefficient between the chip and the rake face of the tool while improving the surface hardness and comprehensive mechanical properties of the tool, block the element affinity reaction between the tool and the workpiece, and eliminate or Avoid bonding and diffusion wear on the cutting edge.

以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, should be considered as within the scope of this specification.

以上所述实施例仅表达了本实用新型的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对实用新型专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本实用新型的保护范围。因此,本实用新型专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the utility model, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be interpreted as a limitation on the patent scope of the utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the utility model, and these all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of the utility model patent should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The formed milling cutter suitable for the scroll is characterized by comprising a cutter body, wherein the cutter body is sequentially provided with a first cutter part and a second cutter part along a first direction of the axis of the milling cutter, and the first cutter part and the second cutter part are in a step shape;
at least two chip grooves are formed in the periphery of the cutter main body, and extend from the end face of the first cutter part to the second cutter part; the chip groove is provided with a first peripheral edge and a second peripheral edge on the first cutter part and the second cutter part respectively, and the diameter of the second peripheral edge is larger than that of the first peripheral edge.
2. The milling cutter according to claim 1, wherein a junction of the first cutter portion and the second cutter portion is provided with a transition ramp comprising a chamfer extending from the first peripheral shelf back face to the second peripheral shelf back face; the bevel is offset gradually away from the milling cutter axis in a first direction;
the tool back surfaces of the first and second peripheral edges are surfaces formed by intersecting the chip grooves and the peripheries of the corresponding first and second tool parts.
3. The milling cutter according to claim 2, wherein the chamfer includes a first chamfer and a second chamfer disposed in series along a first direction, the first chamfer forming a smaller included angle with the first peripheral edge back surface than the second chamfer forming a smaller included angle with the second peripheral edge back surface.
4. The milling cutter according to claim 2, wherein the intersection of the flute with the chamfer of the transition ramp forms a minor end edge.
5. The milling cutter according to claim 1, wherein the flutes intersect end surfaces on the first tool portion that intersect the first direction to form major end edges.
6. The milling cutter according to claim 5, wherein the main end edge intersects the back surface of the first peripheral edge to form a chamfer, the main end edge has a distal end on the other side thereof corresponding to the chamfer, the distal end is close to the axial center of the first tool portion, and the distal ends of the main end edges do not intersect with each other.
7. The milling cutter according to claim 6, wherein the edge of the major end edge is gradually offset to a side away from the milling cutter axis from the tip in a direction toward the chamfer.
8. The milling cutter according to claim 5, wherein the flute comprises a rake face that intersects the major end edge to form an end edge.
9. The milling cutter according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the second tool part has a shank portion at one end, the first tool part, the second tool part and the shank portion being arranged in the first direction in this order, the shank portion having a diameter not smaller than the diameter of the second peripheral edge.
10. The milling cutter according to claim 9, wherein a zirconium nitride coating is provided on the aluminum alloy base layer of the first and second tool portions.
CN202221366609.7U 2022-06-02 2022-06-02 Profile milling cutter for scrolls Active CN217749517U (en)

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