CN217739274U - Transformer dotted terminal detection circuit based on no-steady state oscillator - Google Patents
Transformer dotted terminal detection circuit based on no-steady state oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN217739274U CN217739274U CN202221248482.9U CN202221248482U CN217739274U CN 217739274 U CN217739274 U CN 217739274U CN 202221248482 U CN202221248482 U CN 202221248482U CN 217739274 U CN217739274 U CN 217739274U
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transformer dotted terminal detection circuit based on an astable oscillator, which comprises a charge-discharge loop 1 and a charge-discharge loop 2, wherein the charge-discharge loop 1 and the charge-discharge loop 2 generate square wave signals during operation, and whether ports of a primary side and a secondary side of a connected transformer to be detected are dotted terminals can be judged through the on and off of a bulb. Compared with the prior art, the transformer homonymous terminal detection circuit based on the astable oscillator can quickly judge the transformer homonymous terminal, has low requirements on the electrician theory and the operation skill of operators, does not need to frequently disconnect and connect wires, greatly improves the detection efficiency, and is very favorable for batch production, use and maintenance of the transformer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electronic detection of transformers, in particular to a transformer dotted terminal detection circuit based on an astable oscillator.
Background
The detection and judgment of the homonymous end of the transformer can provide a circuit reference point for the transformation voltage, the transformation current and the transformation phase of the transformer; with the application of a large number of transformers, particularly in the processes of batch production, use and maintenance, the method has very important significance for quickly and accurately judging the same-name ends of the transformers.
The inventor finds that the prior art for judging the same-name end of the transformer has higher requirements on the electrician theory and the operation skill of operators, needs instruments and equipment such as an alternating current power supply, a direct current power supply, a voltmeter, an ammeter or an oscilloscope, and needs to be frequently disconnected and connected, so that the device adopting the prior art is low in efficiency and not beneficial to batch production, use and maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a transformer dotted terminal detection circuit based on an astable oscillator, and the specific technical scheme is that,
comprises a charge-discharge loop 1 and a charge-discharge loop 2; the charging and discharging loop 1 comprises a bias resistor R1, a current limiting resistor R2, a bulb D1, a charging and discharging capacitor C1 and a triode Q1; the triode Q1 is an NPN type triode; one end of a bias resistor R1 is connected with a power supply VCC, and the other end of the bias resistor R1 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q1; one end of a current-limiting resistor R2 is connected with a power supply VCC, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected with one end of a bulb D1, and the other end of the bulb D1 is connected with a set port P _ port 1; one end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 and a collector of the triode Q1 are connected with a set port P _ port2, and an emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with a power ground;
the charge-discharge loop 2 comprises a bias resistor R3, a current-limiting resistor R4, a bulb D2, a charge-discharge capacitor C2 and a triode Q2; the triode Q2 is an NPN type triode; one end of a bias resistor R3 is connected with a power supply VCC, and the base electrode of the triode Q2 and the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 are connected with the other end of the bias resistor R3; one end of a current-limiting resistor R4 is connected with a power supply VCC, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R4 is connected with one end of a bulb D2, and the other end of the bulb D2 is connected with a set port S _ port 1; one end of a charge-discharge capacitor C2 and a collector of the triode Q2 are connected with a set port S _ port2, the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C2 is also connected with the other end of the bias resistor R1, and an emitter of the triode Q2 is connected with a power ground;
in addition, the resistance values of the bias resistor R1 and the bias resistor R3 are equal, and the resistance values of the current limiting resistor R2 and the current limiting resistor R4 are equal; the port P _ port1 and the port P _ port2 are respectively used for connecting two ports on the primary side of the transformer to be tested, and the port S _ port1 and the port S _ port2 are respectively used for connecting two ports on the secondary side of the transformer to be tested;
the charging and discharging loop 1 and the charging and discharging loop 2 generate square wave signals when running, and whether the ports of the primary side and the secondary side of the connected transformer to be tested are homonymous terminals or not can be judged through the on and off of the bulbs.
Further, at least one of the bulb D1 and the bulb D2 is replaced by an indicator light composed of two anti-parallel light emitting diodes.
Further, at least one of the current limiting resistor R2 and the current limiting resistor R4 is replaced by an equivalent adjustable resistor.
Further, at least one of the triode Q1 and the triode Q2 is replaced by an equivalent Darlington triode correspondingly.
The transformer homonymous terminal detection circuit based on the astable oscillator has the advantages that the transformer homonymous terminal detection circuit based on the astable oscillator can quickly judge the homonymous terminal of the transformer, has low requirements on the electrician theory and the operation skill of operators, does not need to frequently disconnect and connect wires, greatly improves the detection efficiency, and is very favorable for batch production, use and maintenance of the transformer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a typical schematic diagram of a circuit for detecting a dotted terminal of a transformer based on an astable oscillator according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows another alternative of the bulb of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent square wave signal generating circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of the method for detecting the dotted terminal of the transformer according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of the method for detecting the different name terminal of the transformer.
Fig. 6 shows another alternative embodiment of the current limiting resistor according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows another alternative embodiment of the present invention for replacing the transistor Q1 or the transistor Q2.
Fig. 8 is a specific example of the method for detecting the dotted terminals of the transformer according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a specific example of the method for detecting the different name terminals of the transformer according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a typical schematic diagram of a circuit for detecting a dotted terminal of a transformer based on an astable oscillator according to the present invention includes a charge-discharge loop 1 and a charge-discharge loop 2,
the charging and discharging loop 1 comprises a bias resistor R1, a current limiting resistor R2, a bulb D1, a charging and discharging capacitor C1 and a triode Q1; the triode Q1 is an NPN type triode; one end of a bias resistor R1 is connected with a power supply VCC, and the other end of the bias resistor R1 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q1; one end of a current-limiting resistor R2 is connected with a power supply VCC, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected with one end of a bulb D1, and the other end of the bulb D1 is connected with a set port P _ port 1; one end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 and a collector of the triode Q1 are connected with a set port P _ port2, and an emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with a power ground;
the charge-discharge loop 2 comprises a bias resistor R3, a current-limiting resistor R4, a bulb D2, a charge-discharge capacitor C2 and a triode Q2; the triode Q2 is an NPN type triode; one end of a bias resistor R3 is connected with a power supply VCC, and the base electrode of a triode Q2 and the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 are connected with the other end of the bias resistor R3; one end of a current-limiting resistor R4 is connected with a power supply VCC, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R4 is connected with one end of a bulb D2, and the other end of the bulb D2 is connected with a set port S _ port 1; one end of a charge-discharge capacitor C2 and a collector of the triode Q2 are connected with a set port S _ port2, the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C2 is also connected with the other end of the bias resistor R1, and an emitter of the triode Q2 is connected with a power ground;
in addition, the resistance values of the bias resistor R1 and the bias resistor R3 are equal, and the resistance values of the current limiting resistor R2 and the current limiting resistor R4 are equal; the port P _ port1 and the port P _ port2 are respectively used for connecting two ports on the primary side of the transformer to be tested, and the port S _ port1 and the port S _ port2 are respectively used for connecting two ports on the secondary side of the transformer to be tested;
the charging and discharging circuit 1 and the charging and discharging circuit 2 can alternately generate square wave signals when running, and the square wave signals are used for detecting whether the ports of the primary side and the secondary side of the connected transformer to be detected are homonymous terminals or not through the on and off of the bulb.
As shown in fig. 2, in another embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the light bulb D1 and the light bulb D2 is replaced with an indicator light composed of two anti-parallel light emitting diodes.
As shown in fig. 3, it is a schematic diagram of an equivalent square wave signal generating circuit of the present invention, wherein the primary side of the transformer T1 and the bulb D1 are equivalent to an equivalent load 1, and the secondary side of the transformer T1 and the bulb D2 are equivalent to an equivalent load 2; namely, one end of the equivalent load 1 is connected with the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2, and the other end of the equivalent load 1 is connected with the collector of the triode Q1; one end of the equivalent load 2 is connected with the other end of the current-limiting resistor R4, and the other end of the equivalent load 2 is connected with the collector of the triode Q2, so that a typical astable oscillator is formed; when the circuit is in operation, the triode Q1 and the triode Q2 are alternately switched on or off, namely, alternating square wave signals with the same frequency and 180-degree phase difference are generated at two ends of the equivalent load 1 and the equivalent load 2.
As shown in fig. 4, it is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of the detection transformer with the dotted terminal method of the present invention; because of the discreteness of the electronic components, two loops formed by the charge-discharge loop 1, the charge-discharge loop 2 and the transformer T1 always have one loop to work in advance, and the working process is that,
assuming that a circuit formed by the charging and discharging circuit 1 and the primary side of the transformer T1 works in advance, and the inductance of the primary side of the transformer T1 can inhibit the increase of current, an induced voltage Up can be generated between the two ends of the circuit, and a voltage Us is induced on the secondary side through the transformer, namely, the triode Q1 is conducted, and when the triode Q2 is turned off, the quantitative relation is generated according to the kirchhoff's voltage law
After the formula (1) is subtracted from the formula (2), obtaining the conversion
Due to U R2 And U R4 Equal, when the transistor Q1 is conducted, U Q1be And U Q1ce If the difference is not large and is approximately equal, an equivalent loop is formed as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 4, then the formula (3) can be further simplified to
When the transformation ratio of the transformer T1 is not large, then U p And U s The difference is not large, the Up and the Us are in a subtraction quantitative relation, only a small circulation current can be generated in the loop, and the lamp bulb is not enough to be lighted, namely the lamp bulb D1 and the lamp bulb D2 are not lighted;
similarly, when it is assumed that the circuit formed by the charging and discharging circuit 2 and the secondary side of the transformer T1 operates in advance, the analysis process is similar to that described and analyzed in the foregoing fig. 4, which is not described in detail, and as a result, neither the bulb D1 nor the bulb D2 is lit.
As shown in fig. 5, it is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of the method for detecting the different-name termination of the transformer of the present invention; similarly, due to the discreteness of the electronic components, two circuits formed by the charge-discharge circuit 1, the charge-discharge circuit 2 and the transformer T1 always work in advance by one circuit, and the working process is that,
if the circuit formed by the charge-discharge circuit 1 and the primary side of the transformer T1 operates in advance and the inductance of the primary side of the transformer T1 suppresses the increase of the current, an induced voltage Up is generated between the two ends of the transformer, and a voltage U is induced on the secondary side by the transformer s That is, the transistor Q1 is turned on and the transistor Q2 is turned off, the quantitative relationship is generated
After the formula (5) is subtracted by the formula (6), obtaining the conversion
Due to U R2 And U R4 Equal, when the triode Q1 is conducted, U Q1be And U Q1ce If the difference is not large and is approximately equal, an equivalent loop is formed as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 5, then equation (7) can be further simplified to
Up is in a quantitative relationship with Us, and a circular current is generated in the loop, so that the bulb D1 and the bulb D2 are both lighted,
similarly, assuming that the circuit formed by the charging and discharging circuit 2 and the secondary side of the transformer T1 operates in advance, the analysis process and the result are similar to those described above, and the bulb D1 and the bulb D2 are both turned on, which is not described in detail.
In summary, according to the transformer connected in fig. 4 or fig. 5, when the bulb D1 and the bulb D2 are both turned on, it is described that the transformer port connected to the port P _ port1 and the port S _ port1 is a different name end; when the bulb D1 and the bulb D2 are not on, it is indicated that the transformer ports connected with the port P _ port1 and the port S _ port1 are the same name ends.
As shown in fig. 6, in another scheme of replacing the current-limiting resistor according to the present invention, at least one of the current-limiting resistor R2 and the current-limiting resistor R4 is replaced with an equivalent adjustable resistor, when the transformation ratio of the transformer T1 is too large, as shown in fig. 4, that is, the transformer T1 is a homonymous termination method, that is, a large loop current is generated according to the analysis of the formula (1) to the formula (3), and the bulb D1 and the bulb D2 are lit, so that the homonymous termination method and the heteronymous termination method of the transformer T1 cannot be distinguished; therefore, the resistance of the adjustable resistor at the side with less turns in the transformer T1 is increased, and the loop can be reducedCurrent in the path to achieve the same effect as illustrated in figure 4; in this way, after the adjustable resistance is adjusted, as shown in fig. 5, the transformer T1 is the synonym termination method, i.e. the analysis is based on the formulas (5) to (7), since U p And U s There is a quantitative relationship superimposed on each other, which also produces a larger current in the loop, and this solution also achieves the same effect as illustrated in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 7, in another embodiment of the present invention, in which the transistor Q1 or the transistor Q2 is replaced, at least one of the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2 is replaced by an equivalent darlington transistor, so as to increase the load driving capability of the transistor, thereby adapting to the detection of the high-power transformer.
As shown in fig. 8, in a specific example of the method for detecting the homonymous terminal of the transformer according to the present invention, the transformation ratio of the transformer T1 is 1, the connection is performed according to the above principle, and after power is turned on, the lamp D1 and the lamp D2 are not lit, which indicates that the transformer ports connected to the ports P _ port1 and S _ port1 are homonymous terminals.
As shown in fig. 9, as a specific example of the method for detecting the different-name terminal of the transformer according to the present invention, the transformation ratio of the transformer T1 is 1, the connection is performed according to the above principle, and after power is turned on, both the bulb D1 and the bulb D2 are turned on, which indicates that the transformer ports connected to the ports P _ port1 and S _ port1 are different-name terminals.
Claims (4)
1. A transformer dotted terminal detection circuit based on an astable oscillator is characterized by comprising a charge-discharge loop 1 and a charge-discharge loop 2;
the charging and discharging loop 1 comprises a bias resistor R1, a current limiting resistor R2, a bulb D1, a charging and discharging capacitor C1 and a triode Q1; the triode Q1 is an NPN type triode; one end of a bias resistor R1 is connected with a power supply VCC, and the other end of the bias resistor R1 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q1; one end of a current-limiting resistor R2 is connected with a power supply VCC, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected with one end of a bulb D1, and the other end of the bulb D1 is connected with a set port P _ port 1; one end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 and a collector of the triode Q1 are connected with a set port P _ port2, and an emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with a power ground;
the charge-discharge loop 2 comprises a bias resistor R3, a current-limiting resistor R4, a bulb D2, a charge-discharge capacitor C2 and a triode Q2; the triode Q2 is an NPN type triode; one end of a bias resistor R3 is connected with a power supply VCC, and the base electrode of a triode Q2 and the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C1 are connected with the other end of the bias resistor R3; one end of a current-limiting resistor R4 is connected with a power supply VCC, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R4 is connected with one end of a bulb D2, and the other end of the bulb D2 is connected with a set port S _ port 1; one end of a charge-discharge capacitor C2 and a collector of the triode Q2 are connected with a set port S _ port2, the other end of the charge-discharge capacitor C2 is also connected with the other end of the bias resistor R1, and an emitter of the triode Q2 is connected with a power ground;
in addition, the resistance values of the bias resistor R1 and the bias resistor R3 are equal, and the resistance values of the current limiting resistor R2 and the current limiting resistor R4 are equal; the port P _ port1 and the port P _ port2 are respectively used for connecting two ports on the primary side of the transformer to be tested, and the port S _ port1 and the port S _ port2 are respectively used for connecting two ports on the secondary side of the transformer to be tested;
the charging and discharging circuit 1 and the charging and discharging circuit 2 generate square wave signals when in operation, and whether the ports of the primary side and the secondary side of the connected transformer to be tested are homonymous terminals can be judged through the on and off of the bulb.
2. The transformer dotted terminal detection circuit realized based on the astable oscillator as recited in claim 1, wherein at least one of the lamp D1 and the lamp D2 is replaced by an indicator light composed of two anti-parallel light emitting diodes.
3. The transformer dotted terminal detection circuit based on the astable oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the current limiting resistor R2 and the current limiting resistor R4 is replaced by an equivalent adjustable resistor.
4. The transformer dotted terminal detection circuit based on the astable oscillator as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2 is replaced by an equivalent darlington transistor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202221248482.9U CN217739274U (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Transformer dotted terminal detection circuit based on no-steady state oscillator |
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| CN202221248482.9U CN217739274U (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Transformer dotted terminal detection circuit based on no-steady state oscillator |
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