CN217737181U - Fluidized bed furnace capable of fully burning and purifying ash - Google Patents
Fluidized bed furnace capable of fully burning and purifying ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN217737181U CN217737181U CN202221535514.3U CN202221535514U CN217737181U CN 217737181 U CN217737181 U CN 217737181U CN 202221535514 U CN202221535514 U CN 202221535514U CN 217737181 U CN217737181 U CN 217737181U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a fluidized bed furnace of abundant burning purification ash, it includes: the feeding hole is used for feeding fuel to be combusted; the furnace comprises a bottom surface, a side wall and a furnace top, wherein the bottom surface, the side wall and the furnace top surround to form a furnace hearth, and the distance between the bottom surface and the furnace top is the height of the furnace hearth; the smoke outlet is used for discharging smoke generated after the fuel is combusted; the furnace back wall sets up in furnace and is close to the smoke outlet, and the furnace back wall has vertical wall and the bank protection that extends towards vertical wall slope by the boiling furnace bottom, and wherein, furnace height is greater than 8 meters, guarantees the combustion time of flue gas flying dust in furnace to improve the burn-off rate of carbon particle in the flying dust, make the purification ash in the flue gas can the abundant burning. According to the utility model discloses a fluidized bed furnace of abundant burning purification ash can prolong the combustion time of flying dust, carbon particle in the fluidized bed furnace not burnt out, improves the flying dust burn-off rate.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an industrial boiler particularly, relates to a fluidized bed furnace of abundant burning purification ash.
Background
The boiling furnace is widely applied in industry, such as a horizontal drying rotary kiln matched with a boiling hot blast stove which is generally practical in chemical plants. Currently, there are two problems: 1. the hot air (smoke) discharged from the ash purification fluidized bed furnace has sparks, and a bag-type dust collector behind the horizontal rotary kiln has the phenomenon of bag burning. 2. The ash deposition and coking on the slope protection of the rear wall of the hearth of the purification furnace are heavy.
In order to solve the above problems, the industry owners have studied to technically modify the fluidized bed furnaces. First, consider a fluidized bed furnace retrofit to a circulating fluidized bed hot blast furnace and perform feasibility analysis.
The circulating fluidized bed combustion mode is a novel combustion mode developed on the basis of the combustion mode of a fluidized bed furnace. A set of cyclone separator is added on the basis of the furnace body structure, namely a boiling furnace. The hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the fluidized bed enters a cyclone separator at a certain speed with a certain amount of fly ash (completely combusted and incompletely combusted), the fly ash rotates at a high speed in the cyclone separator, the fly ash with certain particle size and mass is separated from the flue gas under the action of inertia force, and the fly ash returns to the fluidized bed for secondary combustion through an L valve and a return pipe at the bottom of the separator until the fly ash with certain particle size is almost completely combusted, so that the circulating combustion of the fly ash is realized. The burnout rate of the fuel can reach about 98 percent.
Through experiments, the fly ash in the settling chamber of the on-site fluidized bed furnace is randomly sampled and sent to a professional laboratory for analyzing the particle size of the fly ash. It was found that the actual fly ash had a proportion of 98.05% of fly ash having a particle size of 0 to 60 μm and a proportion of 1.95% of fly ash having a particle size of 60 μm or more.
Theoretically, the fly ash carried by the flue gas which can fall to the bottom of the settling chamber has larger particle size or larger mass. When the economical flow rate of flue gas at the inlet of the cyclone separator is generally designed to be 16-22m/s, the particle size of solid particles separated (captured) by the fluidized bed cyclone separator is more than 60 microns. The fly ash separated from the flue gas by the fluidized bed cyclone separator must have a certain particle size and mass. The proportion of the fly ash particle size of the fluidized bed furnace is more than 60 mu m and is only 1.95 percent. Therefore, even if the cyclone separator is added to the fluidized bed furnace, the circulating combustion of the fly ash can hardly be realized, and the effect of fly ash circulation required by the circulating fluidized bed furnace can not be achieved. After the cyclone separator is added, the space of a hearth and a burnout chamber is increased, and the burning time of the flue gas fly ash in the furnace is only increased, so that the burnout rate of the fly ash is improved. Meanwhile, after the cyclone separator is added to the fluidized bed furnace, the smoke path resistance is increased by about 1500pa, the problem of insufficient air pressure of an induced draft fan matched with the original system also exists, and the induced draft fan needs to be transformed. Therefore, the modification of the conventional fluidized bed combustion mode of the fluidized bed boiler is not economical and unreasonable.
Thus, there is a need to find other solutions that enable a sufficient combustion of the cleaned ash.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is how to make the purification ash in the fluidized bed furnace fully burn.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the utility model provides a fluidized bed furnace of abundant burning purification ash, it includes: the feeding hole is used for feeding fuel to be combusted; the furnace comprises a bottom surface, a side wall and a furnace top, wherein the bottom surface, the side wall and the furnace top surround to form a furnace chamber, and the distance between the bottom surface and the furnace top is the height of the furnace chamber; the smoke outlet is used for discharging smoke generated after the fuel is combusted; the furnace back wall sets up in furnace and is close to the outlet flue, and the furnace back wall has vertical wall and by the bank protection that the slope of boiling furnace bottom face to vertical wall slope extension, and wherein, furnace height is greater than 8 meters, guarantees the combustion time of flue gas flying dust in furnace to improve the burn-off rate of carbon particle in the flying dust, make the purification ash in the flue gas can abundant combustion.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, the vertical wall of furnace back wall can be higher than the peak of outlet flue, makes the flue gas get into the outlet flue and need change 90 bendings to the natural settling capacity of smoke and dust in the increase flue gas reduces the smoke and dust and flows out the outlet flue and is favorable to the abundant burning of carbon particle in the smoke and dust.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, the bank protection of furnace back wall can become 30 jiaos with vertical direction for reduce the deposition volume on the bank protection. The angle range is not limited to the above range, and can be 30 +/-5 degrees. The prior art is 40 degrees, compares prior art, increases the slope of bank protection, is favorable to the deposition landing, reduces the deposition volume on the bank protection.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, the lateral wall of fluidized bed furnace can include: the front wall is provided with a feeding hole; a left wall and a right wall respectively adjacent to the left and right sides of the front wall; the rear wall is provided with a smoke outlet.
Furthermore, air distribution pipelines can be arranged on the left wall and the right wall and used for adding combustion-supporting air to the fluidized bed furnace so that purified ash in the fluidized bed furnace can be incinerated more effectively. The air distribution pipeline can adopt a DN80 pipeline.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, the furnace roof can be reinforced concrete floor.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the inner side of the hearth of the fluidized bed furnace can adopt high-alumina refractory bricks and high-alumina refractory castable materials.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, the front wall, left wall and the right wall upper portion of fluidized bed furnace can adopt high-alumina matter firebrick wall.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, high aluminium matter is able to adopt and is able to bear or endure firebrick behind the furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides a technical scheme can realize following beneficial effect at least:
1. the combustion time of unburned fly ash (carbon particles) in the fluidized bed combustion boiler can be prolonged, and the fly ash burnout rate is improved.
2. The amount of the accumulated ash in front of the rear wall of the hearth is reduced, and the coking caused by the secondary combustion of the accumulated ash is avoided.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fluidized bed furnace for fully combusting cleaned ash in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art boiling furnace.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention are combined below to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive labour based on the described embodiments of the invention, belong to the protection scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and in the claims does not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms a, an, etc. do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fluidized bed furnace for fully burning cleaned ash in accordance with the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the fluidized bed furnace for sufficiently burning the cleaned ash comprises: a feeding hole 1, a bottom surface 2, a side wall, a furnace top 3, a smoke outlet 4 and a hearth rear wall 5.
The inlet opening 1 is used for feeding fuel to be combusted.
The hearth is formed by surrounding a bottom surface 2, a side wall and a furnace top 3, and the distance between the bottom surface 2 and the furnace top 3 is the height of the hearth.
The smoke outlet 4 is used for discharging smoke generated after the fuel is combusted.
The furnace back wall 5 is arranged in the furnace and is close to the smoke outlet 4, and the furnace back wall 5 is provided with a vertical wall 52 and a slope protection 51 which is obliquely extended from the bottom surface 2 of the fluidized bed furnace to the vertical wall 52.
The height of the hearth is not less than 8 m, so that the combustion time of the flue gas fly ash in the hearth is ensured, the burn-off rate of carbon particles in the fly ash is improved, and the purified ash in the flue gas can be fully combusted.
In the prior art, when the height of a hearth is 6 meters, the combustion time of fly ash is 2.9 seconds; when the height of the hearth is increased to 8 m, the combustion time of the fly ash can reach 7.05 seconds. Because of the extension of the combustion time and the enough high height of the hearth, unburned carbon particles in the fly ash sink and burn again before reaching the furnace top 3 due to the high density, the burn-out rate is greatly improved, and the burn-out rate of the fly ash carbon particles in the prior art is 75 percent. After the technical scheme is implemented, the burnout rate of fly ash carbon particles is 90%. The combustion time of unburned fly ash (carbon particles) in the fluidized bed combustion furnace can be prolonged, and the burn-out rate of the fly ash is improved. The sparks carried in the smoke are greatly reduced, and the phenomenon that a bag-type dust collector burns a bag after the horizontal rotary kiln is avoided.
According to the utility model discloses a or some embodiments, the vertical wall 52 of furnace back wall 5 is higher than the peak of outlet flue 4, makes the flue gas get into outlet flue 4 and need change 90 curved to the natural settling capacity of smoke and dust in the increase flue gas reduces the smoke and dust outflow outlet flue 4 and is favorable to the carbon particle abundant burning in the smoke and dust. A flue gas settling chamber 8 is formed between the hearth back wall 5 and the boiling furnace back wall 7. In the prior art (as shown in fig. 2), the rear wall 5 of the hearth is lower than the smoke outlet 4 of the fluidized bed furnace, and part of smoke does not turn 90 degrees and directly enters the smoke outlet 4, so that the smoke is not beneficial to natural sedimentation. After the technical scheme is adopted, the flue gas enters the flue gas outlet 4 and needs to be bent by 90 degrees, when the flue gas fly ash moves downwards, part of fly ash with larger weight or particle size naturally settles to the bottom of the settling chamber 8 under the action of inertia or kinetic energy, and the total amount of the flue gas entering the flue gas outlet 4 can also be reduced.
According to the utility model discloses a one or some embodiments, the bank protection 51 of furnace back wall 5 becomes 30 jiaos with vertical direction, can reduce the ash deposition volume on the bank protection 51. The angle range is not limited to the above range, and can be 30 +/-5 degrees. Prior art is 40, compares prior art, and this technical scheme has increased the slope of bank protection 51, is favorable to the deposition landing, reduces the deposition volume on the bank protection 51. The probability of secondary combustion coking of the deposited ash at the position is greatly reduced. In operation, if local coking occurs again, a chemical decoking agent can be added into the hearth to slow down coking of the inner wall of the hearth. The amount of the accumulated ash in front of the rear wall 5 of the hearth is reduced, and the coking caused by secondary combustion of the accumulated ash is avoided.
According to one or some embodiments of the present invention, the side wall of the fluidized bed furnace comprises: the front wall 6 is provided with a feeding hole 1; a left wall and a right wall adjacent to the left and right sides of the front wall 6, respectively; and a rear wall 7, wherein the rear wall 7 of the smoke outlet 4 is arranged. The left wall and the right wall can be provided with air distribution pipelines which are used for increasing combustion-supporting air for the fluidized bed furnace so that the purified ash in the fluidized bed furnace can be more effectively incinerated. The air distribution pipeline can adopt a DN80 pipeline.
According to one or some embodiments of the present invention, the furnace roof 3 of the fluidized bed furnace is a reinforced concrete floor. The inner side of the boiling furnace hearth adopts high-alumina refractory bricks and high-alumina refractory castable. The front wall 6, the left wall and the right wall of the fluidized bed furnace are made of high-alumina refractory brick walls. The rear wall 5 of the hearth is made of high-alumina refractory bricks.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A fluidized bed furnace for fully combusting cleaned ash, comprising:
the feeding hole is used for feeding fuel to be combusted;
the furnace comprises a bottom surface, a side wall and a furnace top, wherein the bottom surface, the side wall and the furnace top surround to form a furnace hearth, and the distance between the bottom surface and the furnace top is the height of the furnace hearth;
the smoke outlet is used for discharging smoke generated after the fuel is combusted;
a hearth back wall arranged in the hearth and close to the smoke outlet, the hearth back wall is provided with a vertical wall and a protection slope extending from the bottom surface of the boiling furnace to the vertical wall in an inclined way,
the height of the hearth is more than 8 m, so that the combustion time of the flue gas fly ash in the hearth is ensured, the burn-off rate of carbon particles in the fly ash is improved, and the purified ash in the flue gas can be fully combusted.
2. The fluidized bed furnace of claim 1, wherein the vertical wall of the rear wall of the furnace chamber is higher than the highest point of the smoke outlet, so that the smoke entering the smoke outlet needs to be bent by 90 degrees, thereby increasing the natural settling capacity of the smoke in the smoke, reducing the smoke flowing out of the smoke outlet and facilitating the full combustion of carbon particles in the smoke.
3. The boiling furnace of claim 1, wherein the slope protection of the rear wall of the furnace chamber forms an angle of 30 ° with the vertical direction for reducing the amount of ash deposited on the slope protection.
4. The furnace of claim 1, wherein the side wall comprises:
the front wall is provided with a feeding hole;
a left wall and a right wall adjacent to the left and right sides of the front wall, respectively;
the rear wall is provided with a smoke outlet.
5. The boiling furnace of claim 4, wherein air distribution ducts are provided on the left wall and the right wall, and the air distribution ducts are used for adding combustion air to the boiling furnace to make the purified ash in the boiling furnace burn more effectively.
6. The boiling furnace of claim 5, wherein the air distribution pipeline is DN80 pipeline.
7. The furnace of claim 1, wherein said furnace roof is a reinforced concrete floor.
8. The boiling furnace of claim 4, wherein the inside of the hearth of the boiling furnace is made of high-alumina refractory bricks and high-alumina refractory castable.
9. The furnace as claimed in claim 4, wherein the front, left and right walls of the furnace are made of high alumina refractory brick walls.
10. The boiling furnace of claim 1, wherein the rear wall of the furnace is made of high-alumina refractory bricks.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221535514.3U CN217737181U (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Fluidized bed furnace capable of fully burning and purifying ash |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221535514.3U CN217737181U (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Fluidized bed furnace capable of fully burning and purifying ash |
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| CN217737181U true CN217737181U (en) | 2022-11-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202221535514.3U Active CN217737181U (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Fluidized bed furnace capable of fully burning and purifying ash |
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| CN (1) | CN217737181U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-06-20 CN CN202221535514.3U patent/CN217737181U/en active Active
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