CN217718479U

CN217718479U - Power equipment monitoring system for remote wireless transmission

Info

Publication number: CN217718479U
Application number: CN202222036658.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾永盛; 范贤军; 陆晓成; 许文专; 张凤雏
Original assignee: Jiangyin Sfere Electric Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangyin Sfere Electric Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-03
Filing date: 2022-08-03
Publication date: 2022-11-01
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-03

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electrical equipment monitoring system for remote wireless transmission, divide a plurality of secondary electrical equipment according to the region, the system includes with each division regional one-to-one's loRa node module, the loRa repeater, loRa gateway module and remote server, the loRa node module includes GD32 minimum system circuit 1, 485 communication circuit, loRa wireless communication circuit 1 and power supply circuit 1, the loRa repeater includes GD32 minimum system circuit 2, loRa wireless communication circuit 3 and power supply circuit 2, the loRa gateway module contains the controller, loRa wireless communication circuit 4, 4G communication circuit and power supply circuit 3. The LoRa technology can solve the problems of dispersed positions, long distance and thick and inconvenient data transmission of secondary electrical equipment in factories or buildings, can meet the requirements of sites, and greatly reduces the packet loss rate.

Description

Power equipment monitoring system for remote wireless transmission

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to intelligence thing networking device field, in particular to a power equipment monitoring system for remote wireless transmission.

Background

There are many electrical devices in an electrical power system, and they are generally classified into electrical primary devices and electrical secondary devices according to the roles they play in operation. The devices directly involved in the production, transformation, transmission, distribution and consumption of electrical energy are called electrical primary devices, mainly generators, motors, transformers, circuit breakers, power cables and other devices. In order to protect and ensure the normal operation of the primary electrical equipment, the equipment for measuring, monitoring, controlling and regulating the operation state thereof is called secondary electrical equipment, and mainly includes various measuring meters, various relay protection and automation devices, direct-current power supply equipment and the like. In such a case, various power equipment monitoring systems have been developed.

The power equipment state monitoring system mainly aims to adopt effective monitoring, analyzing and diagnosing technologies to timely and accurately master various states of equipment operation, so that normal operation of power equipment is guaranteed. The main purpose of monitoring is to find out various problems that equipment may have faults in time, so that facilities are maintained and replaced in time before normal work is affected due to the faults or the reduced functions of the equipment, and various accidents that endanger life and property safety are avoided. However, since the primary electrical devices are mostly distributed in various corners of factories and buildings, and the secondary electrical devices for monitoring the primary electrical devices are located at different positions, some wireless technologies are used in some existing electrical equipment monitoring systems to collect data in the secondary electrical devices, but even some existing wireless technologies such as LoRa have long transmission distances and strong wall penetrating skills, the existing wireless technologies still cannot meet many sites with harsh environments. For some special application scenarios, such as some basements with poor 4G signals, the LoRa module needs to be installed on a far ground, and at this time, even though the LoRa technology can transmit data for a long distance, the data may not meet the requirements of the field, and a high packet loss rate may occur. Therefore, a monitoring mode with longer transmission distance and stronger wall penetrating capability is urgently needed to solve the technical problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses to the problem that prior art exists with not enough, provide a novel power equipment monitoring system that is used for remote wireless transmission.

The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned technical problem through following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a power equipment monitoring system for remote wireless transmission divides a plurality of secondary electrical equipment according to the region, the system includes with each division regional one-to-one loRa node module, loRa repeater, loRa gateway module and remote server, loRa node module includes GD32

minimum system circuit

1, 485 communication circuit, loRa wireless communication circuit 1 and power supply circuit 1, the loRa repeater includes GD32 minimum system circuit 2, loRa wireless communication circuit 3 and power supply circuit 2, loRa gateway module contains controller, loRa

wireless communication circuit

4, 4G communication circuit and power supply circuit 3.

485 communication circuit is connected with each secondary electric equipment electricity that corresponds the partition area, 485 communication circuit and loRa wireless communication circuit 1 all are connected with GD32 minimum system circuit 1 electricity, GD32

minimum system circuit

1, 485 communication circuit and loRa wireless communication circuit 1 all are connected with power supply circuit 1 electricity, loRa wireless communication circuit 2 is connected with loRa wireless communication circuit 1 electricity, loRa wireless communication circuit 2 and loRa wireless communication circuit 3 all are connected with GD32 minimum system circuit 2 electricity, GD32 minimum system circuit 2, loRa wireless communication circuit 2 and loRa wireless communication circuit 3 all are connected with power supply circuit 2 electricity, loRa wireless communication circuit 4 is connected with loRa wireless communication circuit 3 electricity, 4G communication circuit, loRa wireless communication circuit all are connected with the controller electricity, 4G communication circuit, loRa wireless communication circuit and controller all are connected with power supply circuit 3 electricity.

The utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in:

the utility model discloses use the LoRa technique can solve secondary electrical equipment position dispersion in mill or the building, the distance is far away and the thick inconvenient data transmission's of wall problem, can satisfy the demand on-the-spot, the packet loss rate that significantly reduces. The utility model has the advantages of long transmission distance, low power consumption, high penetration and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model discloses a power equipment monitoring system schematic structure for remote wireless transmission.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the GD32 minimum system circuit 1 of the medium LoRa node module of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the utility model discloses the loRa wireless communication circuit 1 schematic diagram of well loRa node module.

Fig. 4 is the utility model discloses well 485 communication circuit schematic diagrams of loRa node module.

Fig. 5 is the power supply circuit 1 schematic diagram of the medium LoRa node module of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the controller schematic diagram of the LoRa gateway module of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the 4G communication circuit schematic diagram of the medium LoRa gateway module of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the utility model discloses well loRa gateway module's loRa wireless communication circuit 4 schematic diagram.

Fig. 9 is the utility model discloses well loRa gateway module's power supply circuit 3 schematic diagram.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a power equipment monitoring system for remote wireless transmission, which divides a plurality of secondary electrical equipment into N regions, where N is a positive integer, and includes a LoRa node module 1, a LoRa repeater 1, and a LoRa gateway module 1, \\8230; \ 8230; a LoRa node module N, a LoRa repeater N, a LoRa gateway module N, and a remote server (e.g., a cloud server) corresponding to the divided region N.

Wherein, every loRa node module includes GD32

minimum system circuit

1, 485 communication circuit, loRa wireless communication circuit 1 and

power supply circuit

1, 485 communication circuit is connected with each secondary electrical equipment electricity that corresponds the partition region, 485 communication circuit and loRa wireless communication circuit 1 all are connected with GD32 minimum system circuit 1 electricity, GD32

minimum system circuit

1, 485 communication circuit and loRa wireless communication circuit 1 all are connected with power supply circuit 1 electricity.

Each LoRa repeater comprises a GD32 minimum system circuit 2, a LoRa wireless communication circuit 3 and a power supply circuit 2, wherein the LoRa wireless communication circuit 2 is electrically connected with the LoRa wireless communication circuit 1, the LoRa wireless communication circuit 2 and the LoRa wireless communication circuit 3 are electrically connected with the GD32 minimum system circuit 2, and the GD32 minimum system circuit 2, the LoRa wireless communication circuit 2 and the LoRa wireless communication circuit 3 are electrically connected with the power supply circuit 2.

Each LoRa gateway module comprises a controller, a LoRa wireless communication circuit 4, a 4G communication circuit and a power supply circuit 3, the LoRa wireless communication circuit 4 is electrically connected with the LoRa wireless communication circuit 3, the 4G communication circuit and the LoRa wireless communication circuit are electrically connected with the controller, and the 4G communication circuit, the LoRa wireless communication circuit and the controller are electrically connected with the power supply circuit 3.

Fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a GD32 minimum system circuit 1: the GD32F130G8U6 is adopted as a GD32 control chip, a pin 19, a pin 25, a pin 10, a pin 13, a pin 11 and a pin 12 of the GD32 control chip are respectively and electrically connected with one ends of a resistor R14, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, a resistor R19, a resistor R20 and a resistor R21, the other ends of the resistor R14, the resistor R16, the resistor R17, the resistor R19, the resistor R20 and the resistor R21 are connected to the LoRa wireless communication circuit 1, and the resistors are all used for suppressing ringing generated during signal transmission, namely jitter near a signal rising edge or a signal falling edge. The pin 8, the pin 9 and the pin 18 of the GD32 control chip are electrically connected with the 485 communication circuit, the pin 2 of the GD32 control chip is respectively electrically connected with one end of the crystal oscillator X1 and one end of the capacitor C22, the pin 3 is respectively electrically connected with the other end of the crystal oscillator X1 and one end of the capacitor C23, the other end of the capacitor C22 and the other end of the capacitor C23 are both grounded, wherein the capacitors C22 and C23 are load capacitors, and the resonant frequency and the output amplitude of the crystal oscillator can be influenced. The pin 14 of the GD32 control chip is electrically connected with one end of the resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R18 is electrically connected with the base electrode of the triode Q1, the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is electrically connected with the cathode of the light emitting diode LD1, the emitting electrode of the light emitting diode LD1 is grounded, the anode of the light emitting diode LD1 is connected with the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with +3.3V, when the pin 14 of the GD32 control chip outputs high level, the triode Q1 is conducted, the light emitting diode LD1 is lightened, and the working state of the circuit can be displayed.

Fig. 3 shows a circuit diagram of the LoRa wireless communication circuit 1: the VC1SX-1278A chip is used as a LoRa communication chip, the LoRa communication chip is communicated with the GD32 control chip through an SPI bus, a RST pin of the LoRa communication chip is connected with a pull-up resistor R12 to keep high level, meanwhile, the RST pin is electrically connected with the other end of the resistor R14, and when the RST pin receives low level, the LoRa communication chip is reset. The SCK pin of the LoRa communication chip is electrically connected with the other end of the resistor R20, the SCK pin is used as a clock pin of the LoRa communication chip, the MISO pin of the LoRa communication chip is electrically connected with the other end of the resistor R21, the LoRa communication chip outputs data to the GD32 control chip through the MISO pin, meanwhile, the MISO pin is connected with one end of the capacitor C15, the other end of the capacitor C15 is grounded, the capacitor C15 is a decoupling capacitor, high-frequency harmonic noise of output signals can be removed, and the output signals are clean. The MOSI pin of loRa communication chip is connected with resistance R19's the other end electricity, the data that GD32 control chip output is received through the MOSI pin to loRa communication chip, and the MOSI pin connects electric capacity C16's one end simultaneously, and electric capacity C16's the other end ground connection, electric capacity C16 are bypass electric capacity, can get rid of input signal's high frequency, get rid of external harmonic. The NSS pin of the LoRa communication chip is connected with the pull-up resistor R11 to keep high level, meanwhile, the NSS pin is electrically connected with the other end of the resistor R17, and the NSS pin is used as a chip selection pin of the LoRa communication chip. The DIO0 pin of the LoRa communication chip is connected with the pull-up resistor R3 to keep high level, meanwhile, the DIO0 pin is electrically connected with the other end of the resistor R16, the DIO0 pin is used as an interrupt output pin of the LoRa communication chip, and a signal can be sent out after the chip receives data, sends the data or detects CAD (computer aided design), so that the GD32 control chip generates interrupt. An ANT pin of the LoRa communication chip is connected into a LoRa antenna to enhance signals, and capacitors C17 and C18 are connected between a V3.3 pin and a GND pin of the LoRa communication chip in parallel and play a role in filtering.

Fig. 4 shows a circuit diagram of the 485 communication circuit: and the AZRS485E chip is adopted to realize the mutual conversion of UART signals and 485 differential signals, and meanwhile, in order to realize AC/DC isolation, an EL357N optocoupler is used for isolating the AZRS485E chip and the GD32 control chip. A pin 1 of the AZRS485E chip is connected with one end of a current-limiting resistor R5, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R5 is connected with a pin 2 of an EL357N optocoupler N1, a pin 1 of the EL357N optocoupler N1 is connected with +5V, a pin 3 is grounded, and a pin 4 is connected with +3.3V through a pull-up resistor R2 and is electrically connected with a pin 9 of the GD32 control chip at the same time for sending data to the GD32 control chip; a pin 4 of the AZRS485E chip is connected with AC _ +5V through a pull-up resistor R9, and is simultaneously connected with a pin 4 of an EL357N optocoupler N3, a pin 1 of the EL357N optocoupler N3 is connected with +3.3V, a pin 3 is grounded, a pin 2 is connected with one end of a current-limiting resistor R10, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R10 is connected with a pin 8 of a GD32 control chip and used for receiving data sent by the GD32 control chip; pin 2 and pin 3 of the AZRS485E chip are connected with a pull-down resistor R6 in parallel and then grounded, and are simultaneously connected with pin 3 of EL357N optocoupler N2, pin 1 of EL357N optocoupler N2 is connected with +3.3V, pin 2 is connected with one end of a current-limiting resistor R8, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R8 is connected with pin 18 of a GD32 control chip and is used for controlling the AZRS485E chip to be in a receiving or sending mode; a pin 6 of the AZRS485E chip is connected with AC _ +5V through a pull-up resistor R7, a pin 7 is connected with a pull-down resistor R4 and then is grounded, so that 485 differential signals are input and output together, and meanwhile, the pin 6 and the pin 7 are connected in parallel with a TVS diode VD1 for protecting a circuit; and a pin 6 and a pin 7 of the AZRS485E chip are accessed to the port J1, and the port J1 is used for being electrically connected with each secondary electric device in the corresponding divided area.

Fig. 5 shows a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit 1: the converter is used for converting 220V alternating-current voltage into +5V voltage on an alternating-current side, namely AC _ +5V, direct-current +5V on a direct-current side, namely DC _ +5V and direct-current +3.3V, namely DC _ +3.3V respectively, and supplying power to other circuits.

Pin 13 of the LoRa communication chip of the LoRa wireless communication circuit 1 is connected with DC _ +3.3V, pin 14 is connected with DC _ +3.3V through resistor R3, pin 17 of the GD32 control chip of the GD32 minimum system circuit 1 is connected with DC _ +3.3V, pin 8 of the AZRS485E chip of the 485 communication circuit, pin 1 of the EL357N optocoupler N1, pin 4 of the EL357N optocoupler N2 and pin 4 of the EL357N optocoupler N3 are connected with AC _ +5V, and pin 4 of the EL357N optocoupler N1, pin 1 of the EL357N optocoupler N2 and pin 1 of the EL357N optocoupler N3 are connected with DC _ +3.3V.

The power circuit 1 is divided into 3 parts, wherein an alternating current side direct current 5V is marked as AC _ +5V, a direct current side direct current 5V and a direct current 3.3V are respectively marked as DC _ +5V and DC _ +3.3V, alternating current and direct current are completely separated, a ground wire AC _ GND is directly connected to a live wire AC _ L, a voltage dependent resistor RV1 is connected between the live wire AC _ L and a zero wire AC _ N in series, the voltage dependent resistor RV1 prevents voltage instability from causing damage to other electrical components, a transformer T1 is a transformer for converting primary side alternating current 220V into 15V, a pin 5 and a pin 6 of the transformer T1 output alternating current 15V, and the alternating current is converted into direct current 15V (DC _ + 15V) through a rectifier bridge formed by a diode D1, a diode D3, a diode D4 and a diode D5. The direct current 15V is converted into direct current 5V (DC _ + 5V) through the LM2596 chip serving as the switching voltage regulator, and the LM2596 chip can ensure that the error of the output voltage is within a range of +/-4% under the conditions of specific input voltage and output load, so that the stability of the circuit is ensured. The DC 5V is finally converted into DC 3.3V (DC _ + 3.3V) through the LM117-3.3 chip as the low dropout voltage regulator. Pin 3 of transformer T1 and ground wire AC _ GND directly connect in series thermistor RT1 (the thermistor of model NTC5D _ 7), and pin 2, pin 4 of transformer T1 connect 78M05 chips as the voltage regulator, and the alternating current side is through drawing out 18V's voltage input to 78M05 chips according to the proportion of coil from transformer T1's primary side, outputs alternating current side direct current 5V voltage, and the effect is to supply power to 485 communication circuit. The rest of the capacitors in the circuit have the filtering function.

In each loRa repeater, the loRa repeater is similar to the structure of the loRa node module, and only the 485 communication circuit in the loRa node module is replaced by the LoRa wireless communication circuit 2. The circuit diagram of the GD32 minimum system circuit 2 is the same as that of the GD32 minimum system circuit 1, the circuit diagrams of the LoRa wireless communication circuit 2 and the LoRa wireless communication circuit 3 are the same as those of the LoRa wireless communication circuit 1, and the circuit diagram of the power supply circuit 2 is the same as that of the power supply circuit 1.

As shown in fig. 6, the controller employs an STM32F103C8T6 chip.

Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of the 4G communication circuit: the method comprises the following steps that L710-CN is used as a 4G chip, a pin 2 (DIN _ ANT) of the 4G chip is a diversity antenna pin and is electrically connected with a 0 ohm resistor R14, the other end of the 0 ohm resistor R14 is electrically connected with a pin 1 of a diversity antenna J4, the pin 2 and the pin 3 of the diversity antenna J4 are grounded, and a 4G signal received by the diversity antenna J4 is sent to the 4G chip through the pin 1; the pin 41 (MAIN _ ANT) of the 4G chip is a pin of the MAIN set type antenna and is connected with the 0 ohm resistor R10, the other end of the 0 ohm resistor R10 is electrically connected with the pin 1 of the MAIN set type antenna J2, the pin 2 and the pin 3 of the MAIN set type antenna J2 are grounded, and the MAIN set type antenna J2 receives and sends 4G signals through the pin 1. The main set type antenna J2 is responsible for sending and receiving radio frequency signals, the diversity type antenna J4 only receives and does not send radio frequency signals, when 4G signals are transmitted to the 4G antenna, the main set type antenna J2 and the diversity type antenna J4 can receive the radio frequency signals at the same time, two paths of signals exist, and then the 4G chip can select the best path of signals to process. Pin 37 of 4G chip is data signal receiving pin, and be connected with resistance R2 electricity, resistance R2's the other end is connected with triode Q1's collecting electrode electricity, triode Q1's collecting electrode connects the voltage through resistance R1, the base connects the voltage through resistance R3, the emitter passes through the serial ports data signal transmitting pin (STM 32F103C8T6 pin 30 of chip) of resistance R4 access controller, triode Q1's base is + 1.8V's high level, then triode Q1 switches on, the data signal of controller reachs the data signal receiving pin of 4G chip like this. The pin 38 of the 4G chip is a data signal transmitting pin and is electrically connected with an emitting electrode of the triode Q2, the base electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with voltage through a resistor R11, the collecting electrode is connected with voltage through a resistor R, the collecting electrode is also connected with a serial data signal receiving pin of the controller through a current limiting resistor R9 and a current limiting resistor R8 (chip pin 31 of STM32F103C8T 6), the base electrode of the triode Q2 is +1.8V high level, the triode Q2 is conducted, signals transmitted by the 4G chip reach the serial data signal receiving pin of the controller through the current limiting resistors R8 and R9, and thus the data signals of the 4G chip are transmitted to the controller. The pin 5 of the 4G chip is electrically connected with the base electrode of the triode Q5 through a current-limiting resistor R20, the base electrode of the triode Q5 is respectively grounded through a resistor R21 and a capacitor C12, the emitting electrode of the triode Q5 is grounded, the collecting electrode of the triode Q4 is electrically connected with the base electrode of the triode Q4 through a current-limiting resistor R19, the collecting electrode of the triode Q4 is also electrically connected with the anode of the light-emitting diode LED2 through a resistor R18, the collecting electrode of the triode Q4 is electrically connected with the cathode of the light-emitting diode LED2 through a resistor R17, and the emitting electrode of the triode Q4 is grounded. When the 4G chip works normally, when the pin 5 of the 4G chip outputs a high level, the triode Q5 is conducted, the collector of the triode Q5 is the high level, the base of the triode Q4 is connected with the collector of the triode Q5 through the current-limiting resistor R19, the triode Q4 is conducted, the light-emitting diode LED2 is lightened, and the 4G communication circuit is indicated to work normally. The 4G chip is respectively connected with the SIM card through a pin 29, a pin 32, a pin 31 and a pin 30 to provide power supply, reset signals, clock signals and data signals for the SIM card, and the SIM card provides network access guarantee for the 4G communication circuit when communicating with a remote server. Thus, data communication between the LoRa gateway module and the remote server is realized through the 4G communication circuit.

The LoRa wireless communication circuit 4 is different from the LoRa wireless communication circuit in circuit diagram, and as shown in fig. 8, the LoRa wireless communication circuit 4 has a circuit diagram: the LoRa wireless communication circuit 4 and the STM32F103C8T6 chip are communicated through an SPI bus, the LoRa wireless communication circuit 4 adopts Ra-02 as a LoRa module, a RESET pin of the LoRa module is electrically connected with a pin 13 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip, and the LoRa module is RESET when the RESET pin receives a low level. The SCK pin of the LoRa module is electrically connected with the pin 15 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip, and the SCK pin is used as a clock pin of the LoRa module. The MISO pin of the LoRa module is electrically connected with the pin 16 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip, and the LoRa module outputs data to the STM32F103C8T6 chip through the MISO pin. The MISI pin of the LoRa module is electrically connected with the pin 17 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip, and the LoRa module receives data output by the STM32F103C8T6 chip through the MISI pin. The NSS pin of the LoRa module is electrically connected with the pin 14 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip, and the NSS pin is used as a chip selection pin of the LoRa module. The loRa gateway module communicates with the loRa repeater through the loRa wireless communication circuit 4, receives the data sent by the loRa repeater, sends the data to the remote server through the 4G communication circuit, and can send the data received from the remote server to the loRa repeater.

Fig. 9 shows a circuit diagram of the power supply circuit 3: the power supply circuit 3 is used for converting 220V alternating voltage into +5V, +3.3V and +3.6V direct voltage, pin 1, pin 9, pin 10, pin 24, pin 47 and pin 48 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip are connected with +3.3V direct current of the power supply circuit 3, pin 7 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip is respectively connected with +3.3V direct current of the power supply circuit 3 through a resistor R19 and a pin 36 through R12, pin 10 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip is connected with +5V direct current of the power supply circuit 3 through R10, pin 3 of the LoRa module is connected with +3.3V direct current of the power supply circuit 3, and pin 23, pin 24 and pin 25 of the 4G chip are electrically connected with +3.6V direct current of the power supply circuit 3. The rest of the capacitors in the figure are all used for filtering.

Zero line port J1, live wire port J2 both ends access 220V's zero line and live wire to introduce the voltage of exchanging 220V, concatenate piezo-resistor RV1 between live wire AC _ L and the zero line AC _ N, RV1 is piezo-resistor, prevents that voltage is unstable, causes the injury to other electrical components. The transformer T1 is a transformer for converting alternating current 220V at a primary side into direct current 15V, the direct current voltage of +15V is connected to a Vin pin of a 78M05 chip, the direct current voltage of +5V is output through the 78M05 chip, the direct current voltage of +5V is connected to a Vin pin of an AMS1117-3.3 chip, the direct current voltage of +3.3V is output through the AMS1117-3.3 chip, the direct current voltage of +15V is connected to a DDCR chip, an enable pin EN of the TPS54202DDCR chip is connected to a collector electrode of a triode Q3, a base electrode of the triode Q3 is connected to a pin 29 of an STM32F103C8T6 chip through a resistor R15, when the pin EN 29 outputs high power, the triode Q3 is conducted, the level of the enable pin EN of the TPS54202DDCR chip is lowered, the DDCR chip is enabled, the direct current voltage of +15V is converted into the direct current voltage of +3.6V, the TPS 202V output effect of the TPS 54202G control chip is achieved, and the direct current power supply control effect is achieved.

In this embodiment, the GD32 minimum system circuit is mainly used to process data received from various secondary electrical devices such as a meter or an LoRa gateway module, and the 485 communication circuit is mainly used to communicate with the secondary electrical devices, so as to obtain status information of the electrical devices and electrical parameters such as voltage, current, harmonic waves, etc. of the primary electrical devices measured by the secondary electrical devices from the secondary electrical devices.

For some special application scenarios, such as some basements with poor 4G signals, the LoRa gateway module needs to be installed on the far ground, and at this time, even if the LoRa technology can transmit data for a long distance, the data may not meet the requirements of the field, and a high packet loss rate may occur. Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, in the original LoRa architecture, the present design adds a LoRa repeater, which is used for receiving data through the LoRa wireless transmission circuit 2 and then forwarding the received data through the LoRa wireless transmission circuit 3.

In this embodiment, the LoRa node module acquires the state information of the power equipment and the electrical parameters such as voltage, current and harmonic wave monitored by the LoRa node module from the secondary electrical equipment through the 485 communication circuit at regular time, and stores the data and the timestamp of the time into the memory. The loRa node module transmits power equipment data to the loRa repeater through the loRa wireless communication circuit 1, the loRa repeater receives the power equipment data through the loRa wireless communication circuit 2, and sends the power equipment data to the loRa gateway module through the loRa wireless communication circuit 3, namely, the power equipment data in the loRa node module are forwarded to the loRa gateway module through the loRa repeater. And after receiving the response, the LoRa gateway module stores the received power equipment data. Meanwhile, the LoRa gateway module transmits the acquired data to the cloud server periodically in a 4G mode.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that these are by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the principles of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The power equipment monitoring system for remote wireless transmission is characterized in that a plurality of secondary electric equipment are divided according to regions, the system comprises LoRa node modules, loRa repeaters, loRa gateway modules and remote servers, the LoRa node modules correspond to the divided regions one by one, each LoRa node module comprises a GD32 minimum system circuit 1, a 485 communication circuit, a LoRa wireless communication circuit 1 and a power supply circuit 1, each LoRa repeater comprises a GD32 minimum system circuit 2, a LoRa wireless communication circuit 3 and a power supply circuit 2, and each LoRa gateway module comprises a controller, a LoRa wireless communication circuit 4, a 4G communication circuit and a power supply circuit 3;

485 communication circuit is connected with each secondary electric equipment electricity that corresponds the division region, 485 communication circuit and loRa wireless communication circuit 1 all are connected with GD32 minimum system circuit 1 electricity, GD32 minimum system circuit 1, 485 communication circuit and loRa wireless communication circuit 1 all are connected with power supply circuit 1 electricity, loRa wireless communication circuit 2 is connected with loRa wireless communication circuit 1 electricity, loRa wireless communication circuit 2 and loRa wireless communication circuit 3 all are connected with GD32 minimum system circuit 2 electricity, GD32 minimum system circuit 2, loRa wireless communication circuit 2 and loRa wireless communication circuit 3 all are connected with power supply circuit 2 electricity, loRa wireless communication circuit 4 is connected with loRa wireless communication circuit 3 electricity, 4G communication circuit, loRa wireless communication circuit all are connected with the controller electricity, 4G communication circuit, loRa wireless communication circuit and controller all are connected with power supply circuit 3 electricity.

2. The power equipment monitoring system for long-distance wireless transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein the GD32 minimum system circuit 1 adopts GD32F130G8U6 as the GD32 control chip, a pin 19, a pin 25, a pin 10, a pin 13, a pin 11 and a pin 12 of the GD32 control chip are electrically connected with one end of a resistor R14, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, a resistor R19, a resistor R20 and a resistor R21, respectively, the resistor R14, the resistor R16, the resistor R17, the resistor R19, the resistor R20 and the other end of the resistor R21 are connected to the LoRa wireless communication circuit 1, a pin 8, a pin 9 and a pin 18 of the GD32 control chip are electrically connected with a 485 communication circuit, a pin 2 of the GD32 control chip is electrically connected with one end of a crystal oscillator X1 and one end of a capacitor C22, a pin 3 is electrically connected with the other end of the crystal oscillator X1 and one end of the capacitor C23, the other end of the capacitor C22 is electrically connected with the other end of the crystal oscillator X1 and one end of the capacitor C23, the other end of the resistor R18 is electrically connected to the emitter of the transistor LD 15, the emitter Q1 is electrically connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1, and the emitter of the diode.

3. The power equipment monitoring system for long-distance wireless transmission according to claim 2, wherein the LoRa wireless communication circuit 1 employs a VC1SX-1278A chip as the LoRa communication chip, the LoRa communication chip communicates with the GD32 control chip via an SPI bus, a RST pin of the LoRa communication chip is connected to a pull-up resistor R12 to maintain a high level, while a RST pin is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R14, an SCK pin of the LoRa communication chip is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R20, the SCK pin serves as a clock pin of the LoRa communication chip, a MISO pin of the LoRa communication chip is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R21, the LoRa communication chip outputs data to the GD32 control chip via the MISO pin, while the MISO pin is connected to one end of a capacitor C15, and the other end of the capacitor C15 is grounded, the other end electricity of resistance R19 is connected with the MOSI pin of loRa communication chip, the data that GD32 control chip output is received through the MOSI pin to the loRa communication chip, MOSI pin joint electric capacity C16's one end simultaneously, electric capacity C16's other end ground connection, pull-up resistance R11 is connected to the NSS pin of loRa communication chip and is kept the high level, and NSS pin is connected with the other end electricity of resistance R17 simultaneously, the NSS pin is as the chip selection pin of loRa communication chip, the DIO0 pin of loRa communication chip is connected and is kept the high level, DIO0 pin and resistance R16's other end electricity are connected simultaneously, DIO0 pin is as the interrupt output pin of loRa communication chip, the ANT pin of loRa communication chip inserts an loRa antenna in order to strengthen the signal, parallelly connected electric capacity C17 and C18 between the V3.3 pin and the GND pin of loRa communication chip.

4. The power equipment monitoring system for long-distance wireless transmission as claimed in claim 3, wherein the 485 communication circuit adopts an AZRS485E chip to realize the mutual conversion of UART signals and 485 differential signals, and meanwhile, in order to achieve AC/DC isolation, an EL357N optocoupler is used for isolating the AZRS485E chip from a GD32 control chip, a pin 1 of the AZRS485E chip is connected to one end of a current-limiting resistor R5, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R5 is connected to a pin 2 of the EL357N optocoupler N1, the pin 1 of the EL357N optocoupler N1 is connected to +5V, the pin 3 is grounded, and a pin 4 is connected to +3.3V through a pull-up resistor R2 and is also electrically connected with a pin 9 of the GD32 control chip to send data to the GD32 control chip; a pin 4 of the AZRS485E chip is connected with AC _ +5V through a pull-up resistor R9 and is simultaneously connected with a pin 4 of an EL357N optocoupler N3, a pin 1 of the EL357N optocoupler N3 is connected with +3.3V, the pin 3 is grounded, a pin 2 is connected with one end of a current-limiting resistor R10, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R10 is connected with a pin 8 of a GD32 control chip and used for receiving data sent by the GD32 control chip; pin 2 and pin 3 of the AZRS485E chip are connected with a pull-down resistor R6 in parallel and then grounded, and are simultaneously connected with pin 3 of an EL357N optocoupler N2, pin 1 of the EL357N optocoupler N2 is connected with +3.3V, pin 2 is connected with one end of a current-limiting resistor R8, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R8 is connected with pin 18 of a GD32 control chip and is used for controlling the AZRS485E chip to be in a receiving or sending mode; the pin 6 of the AZRS485E chip is connected with AC _ +5V through a pull-up resistor R7, the pin 7 is connected with a pull-down resistor R4 and then grounded, the input and the output of 485 differential signals are jointly realized, meanwhile, the pin 6 and the pin 7 are connected with a TVS diode VD1 in parallel and used for protecting a circuit, the pin 6 and the pin 7 of the AZRS485E chip are connected with a port J1, and the port J1 is used for being electrically connected with each secondary electric device in a corresponding division area.

5. The power equipment monitoring system for long-distance wireless transmission according to claim 4, wherein the power supply circuit 1 is used for converting 220V AC voltage into +5V voltage (AC _ + 5V) on AC side, DC +5V (DC _ + 5V) on DC side and DC +3.3V (DC _ + 3.3V) on DC side respectively and supplying power to other circuits;

a pin 13 of an LoRa communication chip of the LoRa wireless communication circuit 1 is connected with DC _ +3.3V, a pin 14 of the LoRa communication chip of the LoRa wireless communication circuit 1 is connected with DC _ +3.3V through a resistor R3, a pin 17 of a GD32 control chip of the GD32 minimum system circuit 1 is connected with DC _ +3.3V, a pin 8 of an AZRS485E chip of the 485 communication circuit, a pin 1 of an EL357N optocoupler N1, a pin 4 of an EL357N optocoupler N2 and a pin 4 of an EL357N optocoupler N3 are connected with AC _ +5V, and meanwhile, a pin 4 of the EL357N optocoupler N1, a pin 1 of the EL357N optocoupler N2 and a pin 1 of the EL357N optocoupler N3 are connected with DC _ + 3.3V;

the power supply circuit 1 is divided into 3 parts, wherein, the direct current 5V at the alternating current side is marked as AC _ +5V, the direct current 5V at the direct current side and the direct current 3.3V are respectively marked as DC _ +5V and DC _ +3.3V, the alternating current and the direct current are completely separated, the ground wire AC _ GND is directly connected to the live wire AC _ L, a voltage dependent resistor RV1 is connected between the live wire AC _ L and the zero wire AC _ N in series, the transformer T1 is a transformer for converting the alternating current 220V at the primary side into 15V, the pin 5 and the pin 6 of the transformer T1 output the alternating current 15V, the alternating current is converted into the direct current 15V through a rectifier bridge consisting of a diode D1, a diode D3, a diode D4 and a diode D5, the direct current 15V is converted into direct current 5V through an LM2596 chip serving as a switching voltage regulator, the direct current 5V is converted into direct current 3.3V through an LM117 chip serving as a low-voltage-difference voltage regulator, a pin 3 of the transformer T1 and an earth wire AC _ GND are directly connected with the series thermistor RT1, a pin 2 and a pin 4 of the transformer T1 are connected with a 78M05 chip serving as the voltage regulator, the alternating current side leads out 18V voltage from the primary side of the transformer T1 according to the proportion of a coil and inputs the 18V voltage to the 78M05 chip, and the direct current 5V voltage on the alternating current side is output.

6. The power equipment monitoring system for long-distance wireless transmission according to claim 1, wherein the controller employs an STM32F103C8T6 chip.

7. The electrical equipment monitoring system for long-distance wireless transmission according to claim 6, wherein the 4G communication circuit adopts L710-CN as a 4G chip, pin 2 of the 4G chip is a diversity antenna pin and is electrically connected with a 0 ohm resistor R14, the other end of the 0 ohm resistor R14 is electrically connected with pin 1 of a diversity antenna J4, and the diversity antenna J4 receives a 4G signal and sends the 4G signal to the 4G chip through pin 1; a pin 41 of the 4G chip is a pin of a main set type antenna and is connected with a 0 ohm resistor R10, the other end of the 0 ohm resistor R10 is electrically connected with a pin 1 of a main set type antenna J2, and the main set type antenna J2 receives and sends 4G signals through the pin 1; a pin 37 of the 4G chip is a data signal receiving pin and is electrically connected with a resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is electrically connected with a collector of a triode Q1, a collector of the triode Q1 is connected with voltage through a resistor R1, a base is connected with voltage through a resistor R3, an emitter is connected with a serial port data signal transmitting pin of a controller through a resistor R4, a pin 38 of the 4G chip is a data signal transmitting pin and is electrically connected with an emitter of the triode Q2, a base of the triode Q2 is connected with voltage through a resistor R11, a collector is connected with voltage through a resistor R, a collector is also connected with a serial port data signal receiving pin of a controller through a current limiting resistor R9 and a current limiting resistor R8, a pin 5 of the 4G chip is electrically connected with a base of a triode Q5 through a current limiting resistor R20, a base of the triode Q5 is respectively grounded through a resistor R21 and a capacitor C12, an emitter is grounded, a collector is electrically connected with a base of the triode Q4 through a resistor R19, a collector is also electrically connected with a base of the triode Q2 through a resistor R18, and an emitter of the triode Q4 is electrically connected with an LED2 through a cathode of the light emitting diode; the 4G chip is respectively connected with the SIM card through a pin 29, a pin 32, a pin 31 and a pin 30, and provides power supply, reset signals, clock signals and data signals for the SIM card.

8. The electrical equipment monitoring system for long-distance wireless transmission according to claim 7, wherein the LoRa wireless communication circuit 4 communicates with the STM32F103C8T6 chip through the SPI bus, the LoRa wireless communication circuit 4 employs Ra-02 as an LoRa module, a RESET pin of the LoRa module is electrically connected to pin 13 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip, an SCK pin of the LoRa module is electrically connected to pin 15 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip, a MISO pin of the LoRa module is electrically connected to pin 16 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip, a MISI pin of the LoRa module is electrically connected to pin 17 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip, and an NSS pin of the LoRa module is electrically connected to pin 14 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip.

9. The electrical equipment monitoring system for long-distance wireless transmission according to claim 8, wherein the power supply circuit 3 is used for converting 220V alternating-current voltage into +5V, +3.3V and +3.6V direct-current voltage, pin 1, pin 9, pin 10, pin 24, pin 47 and pin 48 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip are connected with +3.3V direct-current of the power supply circuit 3, pin 7 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip is respectively connected with +3.3V direct-current of the power supply circuit 3 through a resistor R19 and a pin 36 through a resistor R12, pin 10 of the STM32F103C8T6 chip is connected with +5V direct-current of the power supply circuit 3 through a resistor R10, pin 3 of the LoRa module is connected with +3.3V direct-current of the power supply circuit 3, and pin 23, pin 24 and pin 25 of the 4G chip are electrically connected with +3.6V direct-current of the power supply circuit 3;

the two ends of a zero line port J1 and a fire line port J2 are connected with a 220V zero line and a fire line to introduce alternating current 220V voltage, a voltage dependent resistor RV1 is connected between a fire line AC _ L and a zero line AC _ N in series, a transformer T1 is a transformer for converting primary side alternating current 220V into 15V, the output end of the transformer T1 is converted into direct current 15V through a rectifier bridge consisting of 4 diodes, the +15V direct current voltage is connected into a Vin pin of a 78M05 chip and is output with +5V direct current voltage through the 78M05 chip, the +5V direct current voltage is connected into a Vin pin of an AMS1117-3.3 chip and is output with +3.3V direct current voltage through the AMS1117-3.3 chip, the +15V direct-current voltage is connected to a TPS54202DDCR chip, an enable pin EN of the TPS54202DDCR chip is connected with a collector electrode of a triode Q3, a base electrode of the triode Q3 is connected with a pin 29 of an STM32F103C8T6 chip through a resistor R15, when the pin 29 outputs high level, the triode Q3 is conducted, the level of the enable pin EN of the TPS54202DDCR chip is lowered, the TPS54202DDCR chip is enabled, the +15V direct-current voltage is converted into +3.6V direct-current voltage, the control effect of the TPS54202DDCR chip on the output of the +3.6V direct-current voltage is achieved, and therefore the control effect of power supply input of the 4G chip is achieved.