CN217604414U - Efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchange unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficiency compact absorption heat pump and a heat exchange unit, which comprises an absorption heat pump, a water-water plate type heat exchanger, a solution heat exchanger, a refrigerant pump, a solution pump and a connecting pipeline, wherein the absorption heat pump comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a generator and a condenser; the evaporator and the absorber adopt 2-stage or 3-stage heat exchange, the evaporator and the absorber of the same stage are arranged adjacently at the left and right and are communicated with each other in a shell pass, the evaporator and the absorber of different stages are arranged up and down and are not communicated with each other in the shell pass, and the evaporator and the absorber of different stages are respectively divided into independent spaces by an evaporator refrigerant disc and an absorber solution disc arranged at the bottoms of the evaporators and the absorbers; the generator and the condenser are in single-stage heat exchange, and are adjacently arranged at the left and the right and shell sides are communicated; the generator is arranged above the evaporator positioned at the upper part, and the condenser is arranged above the absorber positioned at the upper part; the connecting pipeline comprises a primary water supply pipeline and a secondary water supply pipeline, and the device is compact in structure and convenient to machine and assemble.

Description

Efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchange unit

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a central heating absorption heat pump technical field, specific high-efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit that says so.

Background

With the continuous promotion of urbanization, the heat load of centralized heat supply is rapidly increased, the secondary heating station adopts a plate heat exchanger for heat supply, and the temperature difference between primary water supply and return water is only 30 to 60 ℃; the absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit are adopted to replace a plate heat exchanger, so that the primary water return temperature can be greatly reduced, the primary water supply and return temperature difference can be increased, and the primary water supply and return temperature difference range can be increased to 70 to 110 ℃.

The main advantages of the absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit are as follows: (1) For the existing heat supply pipe network, under the condition that a primary pipe network is not transformed and primary water flow is not changed, the heat supply load of the system can be increased by more than 80 percent; (2) For a newly-built pipe network, under the condition of a certain heat supply load, the primary water flow and the diameter of a primary pipe network can be reduced, and the system investment and the operation cost are reduced.

In the absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit, the temperature of primary water is gradually reduced in the heat release process in an evaporator tube, the heat exchange mode outside the evaporator tube is steam constant-pressure evaporation, the heat absorption temperature of secondary water in a condenser tube is continuously increased, the heat exchange mode outside the condenser tube is steam constant-pressure condensation, the heat exchange processes of the evaporator and the condenser are heat exchange of a strand of variable-temperature fluid and a strand of constant-temperature fluid, irreversible heat loss exists in the heat transfer process, and when the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet of the variable-temperature fluid is greater than 10 ℃, the extremely large triangular heat transfer dissipation occurs, so that the unit performance is reduced. The existing patent provides various solutions for the irreversible heat loss, the irreversible heat loss in the heat transfer process is reduced by dividing the evaporation process and the condensation process into multi-stage heat exchange, the evaporation stage and the condensation stage are equal, and the temperature difference between the supply water and the return water of the secondary water of the centralized heat supply is usually between 10 ℃ and 20 ℃.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a solve above-mentioned problem, provide a high-efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit, when reducing the irreversible heat loss of heat transfer process, make absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit's structure compacter, be favorable to processing assembly and vacuum leak hunting more as far as possible, manufacturing cost is lower.

The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:

an efficient compact absorption heat pump and a heat exchange unit comprise an absorption heat pump, a water-water plate type heat exchanger, a solution heat exchanger, a refrigerant pump, a solution pump and a connecting pipeline, wherein the absorption heat pump comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a generator and a condenser;

the evaporator and the absorber of the same stage are arranged adjacently at the left and right and communicated with each other in a shell pass, the evaporator and the absorber of different stages are arranged up and down and are not communicated with each other in a shell pass, and the evaporator and the absorber of different stages are respectively divided into independent spaces by an evaporator refrigerant disc and an absorber solution disc which are arranged at the bottoms of the evaporators;

the generator and the condenser are used for single-stage heat exchange, and are adjacently arranged at the left and right sides and communicated with each other in a shell pass; the generator is arranged above the evaporator positioned at the upper part, the condenser is arranged above the absorber positioned at the upper part, and a generator solution disc and a condenser refrigerant disc are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the generator and the condenser;

the connecting pipeline comprises a primary water supply pipeline and a secondary water supply pipeline, the primary water supply pipeline sequentially passes through the generator, the water-water plate type heat exchanger and the evaporators at all levels, the secondary water supply pipeline adopts a parallel connection mode, sequentially passes through the absorbers and the condensers at all levels all the way, and after passing through the water-water plate type heat exchanger and primary water heat exchange, two ways of water are mixed to form secondary water supply.

Furthermore, a hot side medium of the solution heat exchanger is a lithium bromide concentrated solution with higher temperature flowing out of a generator solution disc, a cold side medium is a lithium bromide dilute solution with lower temperature flowing out of an absorber solution disc, and the lithium bromide concentrated solution preheats the lithium bromide dilute solution entering the generator; and the solution pump conveys the lithium bromide dilute solution of the absorber solution disc to the generator through the solution heat exchanger.

Furthermore, an EA liquid baffle plate is arranged between the evaporator at the same stage and the absorber shell.

Further, a GC liquid baffle is mounted between the generator and the condenser shell.

Furthermore, the top parts of the evaporator, the absorber and the generator are respectively provided with an evaporator liquid distribution device, an absorber liquid distribution device and a generator liquid distribution device, and the evaporator liquid distribution device is used for uniformly distributing the refrigerant water entering the evaporator; the absorber liquid distribution device is used for uniformly distributing the lithium bromide concentrated solution entering the absorber; the generator liquid distribution device is used for uniformly distributing the lithium bromide dilute solution entering the generator.

Furthermore, a refrigerant water return pipeline is arranged between the refrigerant disc of the condenser and the evaporator shell positioned at the upper part, a refrigerant water throttling device is arranged on the refrigerant water return pipeline, and a refrigerant water return pipeline is also arranged between each stage of evaporator.

Further, when 2-stage heat exchange is adopted, the evaporator comprises a first-stage evaporator and a second-stage evaporator, and the absorber comprises a first-stage absorber and a second-stage absorber; when 3-stage heat exchange is adopted, the evaporator comprises a first-stage evaporator, a second-stage evaporator and a third-stage evaporator, and the absorber comprises a first-stage absorber, a second-stage absorber and a third-stage absorber.

Furthermore, the refrigerant pump is used for conveying the refrigerant water in the evaporator refrigerant disc of the evaporator at the bottom to the evaporator liquid distribution device at the top of the evaporator, and the refrigerant water at the outlet of the refrigerant pump can sequentially flow into the lower evaporator from the upper evaporator or the refrigerant water at the outlet of the refrigerant pump is connected in parallel to enter the evaporators at all stages.

Furthermore, the high-temperature section of the primary water enters the generator to be used as a driving heat source, the medium-temperature section of the primary water enters the water-water plate heat exchanger to directly exchange heat with a part of secondary water, the low-temperature section of the primary water sequentially enters the evaporator positioned at the upper part from the evaporator positioned at the bottom to be used as a low-temperature heat source, and the working pressure of the evaporator positioned at the bottom is sequentially greater than that of the evaporator positioned at the upper part.

Furthermore, the high-temperature section of the primary water enters the generator to be used as a driving heat source, the medium-temperature section of the primary water enters the water-water plate heat exchanger to directly exchange heat with a part of secondary water, the low-temperature section of the primary water sequentially enters the evaporator positioned at the bottom from the evaporator positioned at the upper part to be used as a low-temperature heat source, and the working pressure of the evaporator positioned at the bottom is sequentially lower than that of the evaporator positioned at the upper part.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

(1) The high-temperature section of the primary water enters the generator to be used as a driving heat source, the middle-temperature section of the primary water enters the water-water plate type heat exchanger to directly exchange heat with part of secondary water, and the low-temperature section of the primary water enters the evaporator to be used as a low-temperature heat source; one part of secondary water sequentially enters the absorber and the condenser, and the other part of the secondary water enters the water-water plate type heat exchanger to directly exchange heat with the primary water, so that the cascade utilization of the primary water temperature is realized, the return water temperature of the primary water is reduced to the greatest extent while the secondary water is heated, and the energy efficiency of a unit is improved;

(2) The utility model discloses evaporator and absorber adopt 2 grades or 3 grades of heat transfer, and generator and condenser adopt single-stage heat transfer, only need install 1 solution heat exchanger, and the hot side medium is the higher lithium bromide concentrated solution of temperature that flows out from the generator solution dish, and the cold side medium is the lower lithium bromide dilute solution of temperature that flows out from the absorber solution dish, and the lithium bromide dilute solution that the lithium bromide concentrated solution got into the generator preheats to improve the performance of absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit; only 1 refrigerant pump is needed to be installed, and refrigerant water at the outlet of the refrigerant pump can flow into the lower evaporator from the upper evaporator in sequence or can flow into each stage of evaporator in parallel; only 1 solution pump is needed to be installed, and the solution pump conveys the lithium bromide dilute solution of the solution disc of the absorber to the generator through the solution heat exchanger;

to sum up, the utility model discloses an absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit, vacuum part and vacuum pipe are few, compact structure, and processing assembly is convenient, and easy vacuum leak hunting, occupation of land space is little, and overall cost is low, and the full automatization operation does not need artificial intervention, can realize continuous load and adjusts, and is good to the adaptability that the heat supply load changes, moves safe, reliable, and stability is good.

The utility model discloses.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic temperature diagram of various points of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 5 of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 6 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 7 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 8 of the present invention;

reference numerals: e1, a first-stage evaporator, E2, a second-stage evaporator, E3, a third-stage evaporator, A1, a first-stage absorber, A2, a second-stage absorber, A3, a third-stage absorber, G, a generator, C, a condenser, 1, a water-water plate type heat exchanger, 2, a solution heat exchanger, 3, a refrigerant pump, 4, a solution pump, 5, a refrigerant water throttling device, 6, an absorber secondary water inlet valve, 7, a water-water plate type heat exchanger secondary water inlet valve, 8, a GC liquid baffle, 9, an EA liquid baffle, 10, a generator liquid distribution device, 11, an absorber liquid distribution device, 12, an evaporator liquid distribution device, 13, an evaporator refrigerant disc, 14, an absorber solution disc, 15, a condenser refrigerant disc, 16 and a generator solution disc.

Detailed Description

The applicant finds out through theoretical calculation and experimental tests that when the temperature difference between the supply water and the return water of the secondary water is 20 ℃, the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the secondary water of the condenser is 6.4 ℃, and the temperature difference is detailed in a figure 1; when the temperature difference between the supply water and the return water of the secondary water is 10 ℃, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet of the secondary water of the condenser is 2.7 to 3.8 ℃; and the temperature difference between the primary water inlet and the primary water outlet of the evaporator is 25 ℃. Therefore, the applicant believes that the evaporation process of the absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit for the central heating field is set as multi-stage heat exchange, and the condensation process adopts single-stage heat exchange. Considering that the irreversible heat loss in the heat exchange process is reduced, the structures of the absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit are more compact as much as possible, the processing assembly and the vacuum leak detection are more facilitated, and the manufacturing cost is lower, so the reasonable grading grade of the evaporator is 2 grade or 3 grade.

The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2, an efficient compact absorption heat pump and a heat exchange unit comprise an absorption heat pump, a water-water plate heat exchanger 1, a solution heat exchanger 2, a refrigerant pump 3, a solution pump 4 and a connecting pipeline, wherein the absorption heat pump comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a generator G and a condenser C;

the evaporator and the absorber both adopt 2-stage heat exchange, the evaporator E1 and the absorber A1 are adjacently arranged at the left and right sides and communicated with each other in a shell pass, the evaporator E2 and the absorber A2 are adjacently arranged at the left and right sides and communicated in a shell pass, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1 are vertically arranged, and the shell pass is divided into independent spaces by an evaporator refrigerant disc 13 at the bottom of the evaporator E2; the absorber A2 and the absorber A1 are arranged up and down, and the shell side is divided into independent spaces by an absorber solution tray 14 at the bottom of the absorber A2.

The generator G and the condenser C adopt single-stage heat exchange, and are adjacently arranged at the left and right sides and communicated with each other in a shell pass; the generator G is arranged above the evaporator E2, the condenser C is arranged above the absorber A2, and a generator solution disc 16 and a condenser refrigerant disc 15 are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the generator G and the condenser C;

an EA liquid baffle plate is arranged between each evaporator and the absorber shell, so that liquid drops in steam generated by the evaporators are prevented and reduced from being carried, and the performance of the unit is improved; the GC liquid baffle plate is arranged between the generator and the condenser shell, so that the entrainment of liquid drops in secondary steam generated by the generator is prevented and reduced, the refrigerant pollution is avoided, and the performance of the unit is improved.

The top parts of the evaporator, the absorber and the generator are respectively provided with an evaporator liquid distribution device 12, an absorber liquid distribution device 11 and a generator liquid distribution device 10, and the evaporator liquid distribution device 12 is used for uniformly distributing refrigerant water entering the evaporator; the uniform liquid film is formed on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube by the refrigerant water, and the external falling film evaporation heat transfer efficiency of the evaporator is improved; the absorber liquid distribution device 11 is used for uniformly distributing the lithium bromide concentrated solution entering the absorber; the lithium bromide concentrated solution forms a uniform liquid film on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube, so that the falling film flowing heat transfer efficiency outside the absorber tube is improved; the generator liquid distribution device 10 uniformly distributes the lithium bromide dilute solution entering the generator, so that the lithium bromide dilute solution forms a uniform liquid film on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube, and the falling film flowing heat transfer efficiency outside the generator tube is improved.

The absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit only need to be provided with 1 solution heat exchanger 2, a medium at the hot side is a high-temperature lithium bromide concentrated solution flowing out of a generator solution disc 16, a medium at the cold side is a low-temperature lithium bromide dilute solution flowing out of an absorber A1 absorber solution disc 14, and the lithium bromide concentrated solution preheats the lithium bromide dilute solution entering the generator so as to improve the performance of the absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit.

The absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit only need to be provided with 1 refrigerant pump 3, the refrigerant pump conveys the refrigerant water in the evaporator refrigerant disc 13 of the evaporator E1 to the evaporator liquid distribution device at the top of the shell pass of the evaporator E2, the refrigerant water continuously absorbs the heat of the primary water in the evaporator E2 in the process of falling-film flow outside the evaporator E2, the refrigerant water is partially evaporated to generate steam, the refrigerant water which is not evaporated is conveyed to the evaporator liquid distribution device at the top of the shell pass of the evaporator E1 through a refrigerant water circulation pipeline between the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1, the refrigerant water is continuously heated and evaporated in the process of falling-film flow outside the evaporator E1 to generate steam, and the refrigerant water which is not evaporated returns to the evaporator refrigerant disc 13 of the evaporator E1 again.

The absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit only need to be provided with 1 solution pump, the solution pump conveys the lithium bromide dilute solution of the absorber solution disc 14 of the absorber A1 to a solution distribution device at the top of the shell pass of the generator through the solution heat exchanger, the lithium bromide dilute solution continuously absorbs heat and evaporates to generate secondary steam in the falling film flowing process outside the generator tube, and the solution is continuously concentrated to form a lithium bromide concentrated solution which is collected to the generator solution disc.

Under the action of the pressure difference between the generator and the absorber A2, the lithium bromide concentrated solution from the generator solution disk 16 in the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit enters the absorber liquid distribution device 11 at the top of the shell pass of the absorber A2 after being cooled by the solution heat exchanger 2. In the falling film flowing process outside the absorber A2, the lithium bromide concentrated solution continuously absorbs steam from the evaporator E2, heats secondary water in the tube pass of the absorber A2, and continuously reduces the concentration of the lithium bromide solution and collects the lithium bromide solution to an absorber solution disc of the absorber A2; the diluted lithium bromide solution is conveyed to an absorber liquid distribution device at the top of a shell pass of an absorber A1 through a solution circulation pipeline between an absorber A2 and the absorber A1, the lithium bromide solution continuously absorbs steam from an evaporator E1 in the falling film flowing process outside the absorber A1, secondary water in the tube pass of the absorber A1 is heated, the lithium bromide solution is further diluted and reduced in concentration, and a lithium bromide dilute solution is formed and is collected to a solution tray of the absorber A1.

Secondary steam from a generator in the absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit is continuously condensed into refrigerant water on the shell side of the condenser, the secondary water in the pipe is heated in the condensation process, and the refrigerant water is collected to the refrigerant disc of the condenser. A refrigerant water return pipeline is arranged between the condenser refrigerant disc and the shell of the evaporator E2, so that the refrigerant water at the bottom of the condenser returns to the evaporation side again for thermodynamic cycle, and a refrigerant water throttling device is arranged on the refrigerant water return pipeline to balance the pressure difference between the condenser and the evaporator E2.

The absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit have the advantages that the high-temperature section of primary water enters the generator to serve as a driving heat source, the medium-temperature section of the primary water enters the water-water plate to exchange heat with part of secondary water directly, the low-temperature section of the primary water sequentially enters the evaporator E1 and the evaporator E2 to serve as a low-temperature heat source, accordingly, the primary water temperature is utilized in a gradient mode, the secondary water is heated, the return water temperature of the primary water is reduced to the maximum degree, and the energy efficiency of the unit is improved. The operating pressure of the evaporator E1 is greater than the operating pressure of the evaporator E2.

An absorption heat pump and a heat exchange unit are respectively provided with an absorber secondary water inlet valve 6 and a water-water plate type heat exchanger secondary water inlet valve 7 on a pipeline for secondary water to enter the absorber A1 and a pipeline for water-water plate type heat exchanger, the flow distribution of the secondary water is adjusted by changing the opening of the valves, one part of the secondary water sequentially enters the absorber A1, the absorber A2 and the condenser, the other part of the secondary water enters the water-water plate for direct heat exchange with primary water, and the secondary water at the outlet of the condenser and the secondary water at the outlet of the water-water plate exchange are mixed to form secondary water supply.

The absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit have the advantages of few vacuum components and vacuum pipelines, simple and compact structure, convenient processing and assembly, easy vacuum leak detection and lower manufacturing cost.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 3, the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit only need to be provided with 1 refrigerant pump, the refrigerant pump simultaneously conveys the refrigerant water in the evaporator refrigerant disk of the evaporator E1 to the liquid distribution device at the top of the shell pass of the evaporator E1 and the evaporator E2, the refrigerant water continuously absorbs the heat of the primary water in the tube in the falling film flowing process outside the evaporator E1 and the evaporator E2, and the refrigerant water is partially evaporated to generate steam. The refrigerant water which is not evaporated in the evaporator E2 is collected to the refrigerant plate of the evaporator at the bottom and returns to the refrigerant plate of the evaporator E1 through a refrigerant water return pipeline between the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1, and the refrigerant water which is not evaporated in the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1 returns to the refrigerant plate of the evaporator E1 again.

As shown in fig. 3, the 2 nd embodiment is not described in part as the 1 st embodiment.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 4, the high-temperature section of the primary water in the absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit enters the generator as a driving heat source, the medium-temperature section of the primary water enters the water-water plate for direct heat exchange with a part of secondary water, and the low-temperature section of the primary water sequentially enters the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1 as low-temperature heat sources, so that the cascade utilization of the primary water temperature is realized, the return water temperature of the primary water is reduced to the maximum extent while the secondary water is heated, and the energy efficiency of the unit is improved. The working pressure of the evaporator E2 is greater than the working pressure of the evaporator E1.

As shown in fig. 4, embodiment 3 is not described in part as embodiment 1.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 5, the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit only need to be provided with 1 refrigerant pump, the refrigerant pump simultaneously conveys the refrigerant water in the evaporator refrigerant disk of the evaporator E1 to the liquid distribution device at the top of the shell pass of the evaporator E1 and the evaporator E2, the refrigerant water continuously absorbs the heat of the primary water in the tube in the falling film flowing process outside the evaporator E1 and the evaporator E2, and the refrigerant water is partially evaporated to generate steam. The refrigerant water which is not evaporated by the evaporator E2 is collected on the refrigerant plate of the evaporator at the bottom, returns to the refrigerant plate of the evaporator E1 through a refrigerant water return pipeline between the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1, and the refrigerant water which is not evaporated by the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1 returns to the refrigerant plate of the evaporator E1 again.

As shown in fig. 5, the high-temperature section of the primary water in the absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit enters the generator as a driving heat source, the medium-temperature section of the primary water enters the water-water plate for direct heat exchange with a part of secondary water, and the low-temperature section of the primary water sequentially enters the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1 as low-temperature heat sources, so that the cascade utilization of the primary water temperature is realized, the return water temperature of the primary water is reduced to the maximum extent while the secondary water is heated, and the energy efficiency of the unit is improved. The operating pressure of the evaporator E2 is greater than the operating pressure of the evaporator E1.

As shown in fig. 5, embodiment 4 is not described in part as embodiment 1.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 6, the evaporator and the absorber of the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit adopt 3-stage heat exchange, the evaporator E1 and the absorber A1 are arranged left and right and communicated with each other on the shell side; the evaporator E2 and the absorber A2 are arranged left and right and communicated with each other in a shell pass; the evaporator E3 and the absorber A3 are arranged left and right and communicated with each other in a shell pass; the evaporator E3, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1 are arranged from top to bottom, and the shell pass is divided into independent spaces through evaporator refrigerant discs of the evaporator E3 and the evaporator E2; the absorber A3, the absorber A2 and the absorber A1 are arranged from top to bottom, and the shell side is divided into independent spaces by absorber solution discs of the absorber A3 and the absorber A2.

As shown in fig. 6, the generator and the condenser of the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit adopt single-stage heat exchange, and the generator G and the condenser C are arranged in the left and right direction and communicated with each other in the shell pass; the generator G is arranged above the evaporator E3 and the condenser C is arranged above the absorber A3.

As shown in fig. 6, the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit only need to install 1 refrigerant pump, the refrigerant pump conveys the refrigerant water in the evaporator refrigerant plate of the evaporator E1 to the evaporator liquid distributor at the top of the shell pass of the evaporator E3, the refrigerant water continuously absorbs heat in the process of falling film flow outside the evaporator E3, and the refrigerant water is partially evaporated to generate steam; the refrigerant water which is not evaporated outside the evaporator E3 tube is conveyed to an evaporator liquid distribution device at the top of the shell pass of the evaporator E2 through a refrigerant water circulation pipeline between the evaporator E3 and the evaporator E2, and the refrigerant water continues to be subjected to falling film evaporation outside the evaporator E2 tube to generate steam; the refrigerant water which is not evaporated outside the evaporator E2 tube is conveyed to the evaporator liquid distribution device at the top of the shell pass of the evaporator E1 through a refrigerant water circulation pipeline between the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1, the refrigerant water continues to be subjected to falling film evaporation outside the evaporator E1 tube to generate steam, and the refrigerant water which is not evaporated returns to the refrigerant disc of the evaporator E1 again.

As shown in fig. 6, under the action of the pressure difference between the generator and the absorber A3, the lithium bromide concentrated solution from the generator solution tray in the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit enters the absorber liquid distribution device at the top of the shell side of the absorber A3 after being cooled by the solution heat exchanger. In the process that the lithium bromide concentrated solution flows outside the absorber A3 pipe in a falling film mode, steam from the evaporator E3 is continuously absorbed, secondary water in a pipe pass is heated, and the concentration of the lithium bromide solution is continuously reduced and is converged to an absorber solution plate at the bottom of the absorber A3; the diluted lithium bromide solution is conveyed to an absorber liquid distribution device at the top of a shell pass of an absorber A2 through a solution circulation pipeline between the absorber A3 and the absorber A2, the lithium bromide solution continuously absorbs steam from an evaporator E2 in the process of falling-film flow outside the absorber A2, secondary water of the tube pass is heated, and the concentration of the lithium bromide solution is continuously reduced and converged to an absorber solution disc at the bottom of the absorber A2; the lithium bromide solution in the solution tray of the absorber A2 is conveyed to a liquid distribution device at the top of the shell pass of the absorber A1 through a solution circulation pipeline between the absorber A2 and the absorber A1, the lithium bromide solution continuously absorbs steam from the evaporator E1 in the process of falling film flowing outside the absorber A1, secondary water in the tube pass is heated, the lithium bromide solution is further diluted and the concentration of the lithium bromide solution is reduced, and the lithium bromide solution is formed and is collected to the solution tray at the bottom of the absorber A1.

As shown in fig. 6, the secondary steam from the generator in the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger set is continuously condensed into refrigerant water on the shell side of the condenser, the secondary water in the pipe is heated in the condensation process, and the refrigerant water is collected to the refrigerant disc of the condenser. A refrigerant water backflow pipeline is arranged between the condenser refrigerant disc and the shell of the evaporator E3, so that refrigerant water at the bottom of the condenser returns to the evaporation side again for thermodynamic cycle, and a refrigerant water throttling device is arranged on the refrigerant water backflow pipeline to balance the pressure difference between the condenser and the evaporator E3.

As shown in fig. 6, the high-temperature section of the primary water in the absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit enters the generator as a driving heat source, the medium-temperature section of the primary water enters the water-water plate for direct heat exchange with a part of secondary water, and the low-temperature section of the primary water sequentially enters the evaporator E1, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E3 as low-temperature heat sources, so that the cascade utilization of the primary water temperature is realized, the secondary water is heated, the return water temperature of the primary water is reduced to the maximum extent, and the energy efficiency of the unit is improved. The operating pressures of the evaporator E1, the evaporator E2, and the evaporator E3 are sequentially decreased.

As shown in fig. 6, a part of the secondary water of the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit sequentially enters an absorber A1, an absorber A2, an absorber A3 and a condenser, the other part of the secondary water enters a water-water plate to exchange heat with the primary water directly, and the secondary water at the outlet of the condenser and the secondary water at the outlet of the water-water plate exchange are mixed to form secondary water supply.

As shown in fig. 6, the 5 th embodiment is not described in part as the 1 st embodiment.

Example 6

As shown in fig. 7, the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit only need to be provided with 1 refrigerant pump, the refrigerant pump simultaneously conveys the refrigerant water in the refrigerant disk of the evaporator E1 to the liquid distribution device at the top of the shell pass of the evaporator E1, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E3, the refrigerant water continuously absorbs the heat of the primary water in the evaporator E1, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E3 during the process of falling film flowing outside the evaporator E1, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E3, and the refrigerant is partially evaporated to generate steam. The refrigerant water which is not evaporated by the evaporator E3 is collected on the refrigerant plate at the bottom, returns to the refrigerant plate of the evaporator E2 through a refrigerant water return pipeline between the evaporator E3 and the evaporator E2, the refrigerant water which is not evaporated by the evaporator E2 is collected on the refrigerant plate at the bottom, returns to the refrigerant plate of the evaporator E1 through a refrigerant water return pipeline between the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1, and the refrigerant water which is not evaporated by the evaporator E1 returns to the refrigerant plate of the evaporator E1 again.

As shown in fig. 7, the 6 th embodiment is not described in part as the 5 th embodiment.

Example 7

As shown in fig. 8, the high-temperature section of the primary water in the absorption heat pump and the heat exchange unit enters the generator as a driving heat source, the medium-temperature section of the primary water enters the water-water plate to directly exchange heat with a part of the secondary water, and the low-temperature section of the primary water sequentially enters the evaporator E3, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1 as a low-temperature heat source, so that the cascade utilization of the temperature of the primary water is realized, the return water temperature of the primary water is reduced to the greatest extent while the secondary water is heated, and the energy efficiency of the unit is improved. The operating pressures of the evaporator E1, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E3 rise in this order.

As shown in fig. 8, the embodiment 7 is not described in part as the embodiment 5.

Example 8

As shown in fig. 9, the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit only need to install 1 refrigerant pump, the refrigerant pump simultaneously conveys the refrigerant water in the refrigerant plate of the evaporator E1 to the liquid distribution device at the top of the shell pass of the evaporator E1, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E3, the refrigerant water continuously absorbs the heat of the primary water in the evaporator E1, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E3 in the process of falling film flowing outside the tubes, and the refrigerant water is partially evaporated to generate steam. The refrigerant water which is not evaporated by the evaporator E3 is collected on the refrigerant plate at the bottom, returns to the refrigerant plate of the evaporator E2 through a refrigerant water return pipeline between the evaporator E3 and the evaporator E2, the refrigerant water which is not evaporated by the evaporator E2 is collected on the refrigerant plate at the bottom, returns to the refrigerant plate of the evaporator E1 through a refrigerant water return pipeline between the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1, and the refrigerant water which is not evaporated by the evaporator E1 returns to the refrigerant plate of the evaporator E1 again.

As shown in fig. 9, the high-temperature section of the primary water in the absorption heat pump and the heat exchanger unit enters the generator as a driving heat source, the medium-temperature section of the primary water enters the water-water plate for direct heat exchange with a part of the secondary water, and the low-temperature section of the primary water sequentially enters the evaporator E3, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E1 as low-temperature heat sources, so that the cascade utilization of the primary water temperature is realized, the secondary water is heated, the return water temperature of the primary water is reduced to the maximum extent, and the energy efficiency of the unit is improved. The operating pressures of the evaporator E1, the evaporator E2 and the evaporator E3 rise in this order.

As shown in fig. 9, the 8 th embodiment is not described in part as the 5 th embodiment.

Having shown and described the basic principles, essential features and advantages of the invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the foregoing embodiments, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but rather is susceptible to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as claimed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit which characterized in that: the system comprises an absorption heat pump, a water-water plate type heat exchanger (1), a solution heat exchanger (2), a refrigerant pump (3), a solution pump (4) and a connecting pipeline, wherein the absorption heat pump comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a generator (G) and a condenser (C);

the evaporator and the absorber adopt 2-stage or 3-stage heat exchange, the evaporator and the absorber of the same stage are arranged adjacently at the left and the right and are communicated with each other in a shell pass, the evaporator and the absorber of different stages are arranged up and down and are not communicated in the shell pass, and the evaporator and the absorber of different stages are respectively divided into independent spaces by an evaporator refrigerant disc (13) and an absorber solution disc (14) which are arranged at the bottoms of the evaporators and the absorbers;

the generator (G) and the condenser (C) are in single-stage heat exchange, and are adjacently arranged at the left and right sides and communicated with each other in a shell pass; the generator (G) is arranged above the evaporator positioned at the upper part, the condenser (C) is arranged above the absorber positioned at the upper part, and a generator solution disc (16) and a condenser refrigerant disc (15) are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the generator (G) and the condenser (C);

the connecting pipeline comprises a primary water supply pipeline and a secondary water supply pipeline, the primary water supply pipeline sequentially passes through the generator (G), the water-water plate type heat exchanger (1) and the evaporators at all levels, the secondary water supply pipeline adopts a parallel connection mode, and the secondary water supply pipeline sequentially passes through the absorbers at all levels and the condenser (C) all the way, and after passing through the water-water plate type heat exchanger (1) and primary water heat exchange, two ways of water are mixed to form secondary water supply.

2. The efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit according to claim 1, wherein: a hot side medium of the solution heat exchanger (2) is a lithium bromide concentrated solution with higher temperature flowing out of a generator solution disc (16), a cold side medium is a lithium bromide dilute solution with lower temperature flowing out of an absorber solution disc (14), and the lithium bromide concentrated solution preheats the lithium bromide dilute solution entering the generator; the solution pump (4) conveys the lithium bromide dilute solution in the absorber solution disc (14) to the generator through the solution heat exchanger (2).

3. The efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit according to claim 1, wherein: an EA liquid baffle plate (9) is arranged between the evaporator of the same stage and the absorber shell.

4. The efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit according to claim 1, wherein: a GC liquid baffle (8) is arranged between the generator and the condenser shell.

5. The efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit according to claim 1, wherein: the top parts of the evaporator, the absorber and the generator are respectively provided with an evaporator liquid distribution device (12), an absorber liquid distribution device (11) and a generator liquid distribution device (10), and the evaporator liquid distribution device (12) is used for uniformly distributing refrigerant water entering the evaporator; the absorber liquid distribution device (11) is used for uniformly distributing the lithium bromide concentrated solution entering the absorber; the generator liquid distribution device (10) is used for uniformly distributing the lithium bromide dilute solution entering the generator.

6. The efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit according to claim 1, wherein: a refrigerant water return pipeline is arranged between the condenser refrigerant disc (15) and the evaporator shell positioned at the upper part, a refrigerant water throttling device (5) is arranged on the refrigerant water return pipeline, and a refrigerant water return pipeline is also arranged between each stage of evaporator.

7. The efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit according to claim 1, wherein: when 2-stage heat exchange is adopted, the evaporator comprises a first-stage evaporator (E1) and a second-stage evaporator (E2), and the absorber comprises a first-stage absorber (A1) and a second-stage absorber (A2); when 3-stage heat exchange is adopted, the evaporator comprises a first-stage evaporator (E1), a second-stage evaporator (E2) and a third-stage evaporator (E3), and the absorber comprises a first-stage absorber (A1), a second-stage absorber (A2) and a third-stage absorber (A3).

8. The efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit according to claim 1, wherein: the refrigerant pump (3) is used for conveying the refrigerant water in the evaporator refrigerant disc (13) of the bottom evaporator to the evaporator liquid distribution device at the top of the evaporator, the refrigerant water at the outlet of the refrigerant pump can sequentially flow into the lower evaporator from the upper evaporator, or the refrigerant water at the outlet of the refrigerant pump is connected in parallel to enter the evaporators at all stages.

9. The efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit according to claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature section of the primary water enters the generator to be used as a driving heat source, the medium-temperature section of the primary water enters the water-water plate type heat exchanger to directly exchange heat with a part of secondary water, the low-temperature section of the primary water sequentially enters the evaporator positioned at the upper part from the evaporator positioned at the bottom to be used as a low-temperature heat source, and the working pressure of the evaporator positioned at the bottom is sequentially higher than that of the evaporator positioned at the upper part.

10. The efficient compact absorption heat pump and heat exchanger unit according to claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature section of the primary water enters the generator to be used as a driving heat source, the medium-temperature section of the primary water enters the water-water plate type heat exchanger to directly exchange heat with a part of secondary water, the low-temperature section of the primary water sequentially enters the evaporator positioned at the bottom from the evaporator positioned at the upper part to be used as a low-temperature heat source, and the working pressure of the evaporator positioned at the bottom is sequentially lower than that of the evaporator positioned at the upper part.

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