CN217591002U

CN217591002U - Wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer and underwater acoustic transceiver comprising same

Info

Publication number: CN217591002U
Application number: CN202220769612.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘慧生
Original assignee: Institute of Acoustics CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Acoustics CAS
Priority date: 2022-04-02
Filing date: 2022-04-02
Publication date: 2022-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-02

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of underwater acoustic transducers, in particular to a wide beam underwater acoustic transducer and an underwater acoustic transceiver comprising the same, wherein the wide beam underwater acoustic transducer comprises an outer fixing frame and two transduction units with the same structure, and the two transduction units with the same structure are coaxially arranged in a mirror image way and are fixed in the outer fixing frame; the distance between the radiation heads of two transducer units with the same structure is adjustable. The underwater acoustic transceiver comprises the wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer and an underwater acoustic receiving array which is arranged on the energy conversion unit and is arranged in a circumferential manner. The utility model discloses can be applied to fields such as AUV or UUV navigation, underwater acoustic communication, underwater detection, exploration, underwater acoustic confrontation, marine information acquisition under water.

Description

Wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer and underwater acoustic transceiver comprising same

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an underwater acoustic communication, fields such as underwater acoustic navigation, marine information acquisition, specifically, the utility model relates to a 360 wide beam underwater acoustic transducers of circumference and contain the underwater acoustic transceiver of this transducer.

Background

The underwater sound emission transducer is used as a device for generating underwater sound wave signals. The underwater sound emission transducer is indispensable important equipment in the fields of marine information acquisition, resource exploration, target detection, underwater acoustic confrontation and the like. The conventional implementation of the wide beam approach: firstly, adopt the pipe, the spherical symmetrical structure, but there is the power less, in lower operating frequency band, or have the condition that requires to the parameter, like structure size, weight, sound performance, operating frequency, several aspects such as withstand voltage nature and demand have unsuitable condition. The transducer with other structural forms can only be selected, for example, a composite rod transducer structural form is adopted, but the beam width is related to the size of a radiation surface, in a main working frequency band, the smaller the radiation head is, the larger the beam width is, but the beam width and the bandwidth are difficult to be considered simultaneously, and as the working frequency is increased, the beam width is reduced, and the coverage range is limited. And secondly, the requirement of wide beams is realized by adopting a cylindrical array mode, but the weight and the size are large, so that the device is not suitable for equipment such as small-size Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV), unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUV) and the like and the condition that the size and the weight are required.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide a wide wave beam transducer that 360 wide wave beams of circumference that beam width does not change along with operating frequency cover in the broadband scope of small-size, light weight. The two transducers are coaxially arranged in a mirror image mode in an opposite mode, and due to symmetry, a circumferential sound field is covered by a 360-degree wide beam. Adjusting the opposing distance and adding a rigid baffle can optimize the acoustic performance of the circumferential acoustic field in the operating frequency range.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

a wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer comprises an outer fixing frame and two energy transducing units with the same structure, wherein the two energy transducing units with the same structure are coaxially arranged in a mirror image manner and are fixed in the outer fixing frame; the distance between the radiation heads of two transducer units with the same structure is adjustable.

Preferably, a rigid baffle is disposed in the space between the radiation heads of two identically constructed transducer elements.

Preferably, the external fixing frame comprises a first clamping plate, a second clamping plate and a fixing rod; the first clamping plate is arranged at the tail end of one energy conversion unit, the second clamping plate is arranged at the tail end of the other energy conversion unit, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are fixedly connected through a plurality of fixing rods.

Preferably, the radiation head is shaped as a cylinder, a truncated cone or an inverted bowl.

Preferably, the transduction unit is a composite rod transducer or a surface array transducer consisting of piezoelectric ceramic plates.

Preferably, the composite rod transducer comprises a piezoelectric ceramic stack, a prestressed screw, a rear mass block, a radiation head, a shell and a cushion block; the radiation head, the piezoelectric ceramic stack and the rear mass block are sequentially arranged and fixed together through the prestressed screw rod to form an inner member, the inner member is fixed in the shell, and a cushion block is arranged between the rear mass block and the shell.

Preferably, the rigid baffle is cylindrical.

The utility model also provides an underwater acoustic transceiver, underwater acoustic transceiver includes foretell wide wave beam underwater acoustic transducer and sets up the underwater acoustic receiving array that is the circumference range on the transduction unit.

The utility model discloses a coaxial mirror image of two transducers is placed, and two radiation heads interval certain distance set up. A rigid baffle plate with limited size can be arranged in the middle of the distance to adjust the circumferential sound performance, the shape of the rigid baffle plate is not limited to be cylindrical, and a certain distance is also kept between the two radiation heads and the rigid baffle plate.

The utility model discloses a piezoceramics piles 5 and comprises a plurality of polarization piezoelectric patches and electrode, and the piezoceramics piece adopts mechanical series connection, and there is the electrode slice between the potsherd circuit parallel mode to adopt the epoxy to bond, piezoceramics piles both ends and passes through the prestressing force screw rod with radiation head, back quality piece respectively and connect.

The radiation head of the utility model can be in the shapes of cylinder, round table, cavity hole round table, inverted bowl, etc., and can adjust the acoustic performance such as bandwidth, acoustic emission response, etc.

The piezoelectric ceramic stack of the utility model can also adopt other active functional materials, such as giant magnetostrictive materials, piezoelectric composite materials, piezoelectric single crystals, iron gallium and the like.

The utility model discloses an external fixation frame can use the sound-transmitting kuppe, and the sound-transmitting kuppe is integral type frame construction, wholly is cylindrically, sets up sound-transmitting kuppe groove in the middle of, and the structure of sound-transmitting kuppe groove both sides is the hollow post shape of arc, and it is inside to be used for respectively placing a transduction unit and can fix the transduction unit. The two transducers are coaxially arranged in the sound-transmitting flow guide cover in a mirror image mode, and the transducer shell is fixed at two ends of the sound-transmitting flow guide cover.

The utility model discloses a 360 wide wave beam transducers of circumference do for the transducer unit of other structural style of coaxial mirror image opposition, like simple piezoelectric patches and piezoelectricity combined material, concentric circles area array structure mirror image opposition form.

The utility model discloses a 360 wide wave beam transducers of circumference can constitute the underwater sound transceiver that the receiving and dispatching closed put with receiving array combination.

The utility model discloses a coaxial mirror image of two transducers that the structure is the same is placed, keeps the determining range between the radiation head, can put the limited size baffle of rigidity between the radiation head and adjust circumference acoustic performance, and in the work bandwidth within range, the realization is not along with the acoustic emission of 360 wide beams of circumference that operating frequency changes, can cooperate receiving array receiving and dispatching to put the use. Compared with the traditional wide-beam piezoelectric circular tube and piezoelectric ball, the piezoelectric ball has larger sound source level and bandwidth, and compared with the implementation form of the wide beam of the small radiation head, the piezoelectric ball has the characteristic that the beam in the bandwidth does not change along with the frequency. The problems of large structural size and heavy weight of a traditional multi-composite-rod transducer circumferential array are solved. The utility model discloses can be applied to AUV, UUV navigation under water, underwater acoustic communication, survey under water, exploration, underwater acoustic confrontation, field such as ocean information acquisition.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model discloses can adopt the transducer of small-size, light weight to realize the broadband scope, 360 wide wave bundles of circumference that the beam width does not change along with operating frequency adopt the utility model discloses, can follow and be less than kHz to MHz within range and circumference receiving array cooperation and realize that the navigation of circumference keeps away functions such as barrier.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transducer unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide beam transducer according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide beam transducer according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transducer unit according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wide beam transducer of the present invention deployed on an aircraft;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the underwater acoustic transceiver of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. a housing; 2. a rear mass block; 3. cushion blocks; 4. a radiation head; 5. a piezoelectric ceramic stack; 6. a prestressed screw; 7. spacing; 8. a first splint; 9. a second splint; 10. a rigid baffle; 11. fixing the rod; 12. spacing; 13. spacing; 14. an acoustically transparent pod; 15. an acoustically transparent pod slot; 16. an underwater vehicle, 17, a front end upper position; 18. a rear portion; 19. the front end lower position; 20. an aircraft front end; 21. a circumferential extent; 22. a piezoelectric sheet; 23. spacing; 24. positioning the release block; 25. a housing; 26. and receiving the array.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer includes an external fixing frame and two energy conversion units with the same structure, wherein the two energy conversion units with the same structure are arranged oppositely in a coaxial mirror image manner and fixed in the external fixing frame; the distance between the radiation heads of two identically constructed transducer elements is adjustable, as indicated by reference numeral 7 in fig. 1.

The energy conversion unit is a composite rod energy converter which comprises a piezoelectric ceramic stack 5, a prestressed screw 6, a rear mass block 2, a radiation head 4, a shell 1 and a cushion block 3; the radiation head 4, the piezoelectric ceramic stack 5 and the rear mass block 2 are sequentially arranged and fixed together through a prestressed screw 6 to form an inner member, the inner member is fixed in the shell 1, a cushion block 3 is arranged between the rear mass block 2 and the shell 1, and the radiation head 4 is in a circular truncated cone shape. The composite rod transducer structure also comprises a wrapped insulating water-tight layer and a power supply cable head.

Specifically, the piezoelectric ceramic stack 5 is composed of a plurality of polarized piezoelectric sheets and electrodes, the piezoelectric ceramic sheets are connected in series mechanically and in parallel in a circuit mode, the electrode sheets are arranged among the piezoelectric ceramic sheets and are bonded by epoxy, two ends of the piezoelectric ceramic stack are coated with epoxy resin respectively, and prestress is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic stack, a radiation head 4 with a threaded hole and a rear mass block 2 with a central circular hole through a prestress screw rod 6, the piezoelectric ceramic stack is bonded and is dried in an oven at 80 ℃ for more than 4 hours, and the piezoelectric ceramic stack is cured. The transducer after bonding and curing is placed in a shell 1 with a cushion block 3, a rubber gasket or an O-ring is adopted between a radiation head and the shell for vibration reduction and isolation treatment, polyurethane rubber is poured, and the transducer is dried in an oven at 80 ℃ for more than 6 hours and cured.

The external fixing frame comprises a first clamping plate 8, a second clamping plate 9 and a fixing rod 11; the first clamping plate 8 is arranged at the tail end of one transducer unit, the second clamping plate 9 is arranged at the tail end of the other transducer unit, and the first clamping plate 8 and the second clamping plate 9 are fixedly connected through a plurality of fixing rods 11.

As shown in fig. 5, the utility model discloses a 360 wide beam transducer integrated configuration of circumference can the exclusive use, do to set up on underwater vehicle 16, can arrange front end upper position 17, the lower 19 isotopositions of front end of navigation in, also can arrange rear portion 18 position in, arrange navigation front end 20 positions in, also can keep the wide beam performance of big opening angle, when coaxial direction is a, can realize 360 wide beams of circumference as shown in circumference scope 21, when coaxial direction is b, because navigation internal structure, the beam opening angle has certain influence, but can keep the beam width of the big opening angle of navigation forward-looking direction in the operating band.

In this embodiment, the two transducers are placed coaxially and in mirror image, with the opposing distance adjusted in the mm to cm range depending on the operating frequency, e.g., tens of kHz.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that a rigid baffle 10 is provided in the distance between the radiation heads of two transducer units of the same structure, and the diameter and thickness of the rigid baffle are adjusted according to the operating frequency, for example, tens of kHz, about 10cm in diameter, and about 1cm in thickness, to improve the circumferential acoustic performance. Alternatively, a composite bar transducer is used, the transducer housing is fixed on a first clamping plate 8 and a second clamping plate 9, a fixing rod 11 is connected with the first clamping plate 8, a rigid baffle plate 10 and the second clamping plate 9 in sequence, the distance between the radiation head and the rigid baffle plate 10 is shown as a mark 12 and a mark 13 in fig. 2, and the distance between the mark 12 and the mark 13 can be adjusted according to the working frequency.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 3, the difference from embodiment 2 is that the present embodiment uses the acoustically transparent dome 14 to fix two transducer units, and fixes the rigid baffle 10 in the acoustically transparent dome groove.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 4, the difference from the embodiments 1 to 3 is that when the transducer unit of the present embodiment is used at a high frequency of several tens kHz to MHz, the transducer unit of the present embodiment uses a transducer of a piezoelectric sheet structure, the transducer includes a piezoelectric sheet 22, a spacing 23, a positioning release block 24 and a housing 25, the positioning release block 24 is disposed between the piezoelectric sheet 22 and the housing 25, and a certain spacing 23 is provided between the transducers of two piezoelectric sheet structures.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 6, an underwater acoustic transceiver device includes the wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer of any one of embodiments 1 to 4, and a ring of receiving arrays 26 are arranged on a housing of a transducer unit in the wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer along a circumferential direction; the quantity of the receiving array can be selected according to the requirement, the receiving array can be purchased commercially, and the model can be selected according to the requirement.

The underwater acoustic transceiver of the embodiment can be used in the AUV or UUV shown in fig. 5 or used alone, and high-frequency circumferential 360-degree wide beam application is realized.

Conventional technical knowledge in the field can be adopted in the content which is not described in detail in the present invention.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that modifications and equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and all of them shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer is characterized by comprising an outer fixing frame and two energy transducing units with the same structure, wherein the two energy transducing units with the same structure are coaxially arranged in a mirror image manner and are fixed in the outer fixing frame; the distance between the radiation heads of two transducer units with the same structure is adjustable.

2. The wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, wherein a rigid baffle is provided in the space between the radiation heads of two transducer units of the same structure.

3. The wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the external mount comprises a first clamp plate, a second clamp plate, and a fixing bar; the first clamping plate is arranged at the tail end of one energy conversion unit, the second clamping plate is arranged at the tail end of the other energy conversion unit, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are fixedly connected through a plurality of fixing rods.

4. The wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer of claim 1, wherein the radiation head has a cylindrical, truncated-cone or inverted-bowl shape.

5. The wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the transducing unit is a composite rod transducer or a surface array transducer composed of piezoelectric ceramic plates or a piezoelectric composite material.

6. The wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer of claim 5, wherein the composite rod transducer comprises a piezoelectric ceramic stack, a pre-stressed screw, a back mass, a radiation head, a housing and a spacer; the radiation head, the piezoelectric ceramic stack and the rear mass block are sequentially arranged and fixed together through the prestressed screw rod to form an inner member, the inner member is fixed in the shell, and a cushion block is arranged between the rear mass block and the shell.

7. The wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer of claim 2, wherein the rigid baffle is cylindrical.

8. An underwater acoustic transceiver device, comprising the wide-beam underwater acoustic transducer of any one of claims 1 to 7 and an underwater acoustic receiving array disposed on the transducer unit in a circumferential arrangement.