CN217589021U

CN217589021U - Fuel cell stack purging system

Info

Publication number: CN217589021U
Application number: CN202221470928.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王永亮; 王雪娥; 季学清
Original assignee: Ningbo Lvdong Hydrogen Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Lvdong Hydrogen Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-13
Filing date: 2022-06-13
Publication date: 2022-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell stack purging system, which comprises an air inlet pipe, a circulation pipeline and a second connecting pipe; one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with an air pump, and the other end of the air inlet pipe can be communicated with a cathode inlet of the electric pile; two ends of the circulating pipeline are respectively communicated with an anode inlet and an anode outlet, a three-way valve I, a circulating pump and a three-way valve III are sequentially arranged on the circulating pipeline along the gas flowing direction, and the rest of a connector of the three-way valve III is communicated with a gas inlet pipe; the one end intercommunication of connecting pipe two has the circulation pipeline intercommunication between high-pressure gas pitcher, the other end and circulating pump and the three-way valve three, be equipped with the control valve on the connecting pipe two, the utility model discloses a fuel cell pile sweep system can totally thoroughly sweep the positive pole runner, ensures that the positive pole runner does not have the air to remain, and the practicality is good.

Description

Fuel cell stack purging system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell field, in particular to fuel cell stack purging system.

Background

The fuel cell is at the operation in-process, all can have liquid water in negative pole and the positive pole runner, when ambient temperature is lower, fuel cell shuts down for a long time and can cause water to freeze, water becomes ice not only the volume and takes place the inflation and cause the damage to the fuel cell structure, especially proton exchange membrane is impaired very easily, the ice-cube is brought into the circulating pump by the air current easily and is died the pump body card and burn when fuel cell starts, so need sweep after fuel cell shuts down to clear away the water that remains in negative pole and positive pole runner.

In addition, when the fuel cell is started, purging is required to remove air in the anode flow channel.

At present, the mode of blowing air into a cathode channel and an anode channel is mostly adopted for shutdown purging of a fuel cell, and the mode of blowing hydrogen into the anode channel is mostly adopted for startup purging, for example, as shown in the patent with the application number of CN202010187552.3, the purging mode is simple, convenient and quick to operate, and the structural design is not complex, so that the application is common, but the problem of unclean startup purging exists, for example, as shown in the attached figure 1 of the patent specification, when startup purging is performed, because the electromagnetic valve is four closed, air in a pipeline communicated with the electromagnetic valve is not blown out of the anode channel of the fuel cell by hydrogen.

As shown in the patent with application number CN202011299742.0, the same problem exists, and it can be seen from fig. 5 in the specification that after the shutdown purge is completed, air remains in the pipe communicating with the second control valve 8, and when the next startup purge is performed, because the second control valve is closed, the air remaining in the pipe communicating with the second control valve 8 cannot be blown out of the anode channel of the fuel cell by hydrogen.

The technical solutions shown in the above two patents have the problem that the air in the anode flow channel cannot be purged completely by starting-up purge, which undoubtedly affects the performance of the fuel cell.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a fuel cell pile purging system to there is the start to purge the unclean in the current fuel cell pile purging device that provides in solving above-mentioned background art, influences the problem of fuel cell's performance.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a fuel cell stack purging system, which comprises an air inlet pipe, a circulation pipeline and a second connecting pipe;

one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with an air pump, and the other end of the air inlet pipe can be communicated with a cathode inlet of the electric pile;

two ends of the circulating pipeline are respectively communicated with an anode inlet and an anode outlet, a three-way valve I, a circulating pump and a three-way valve III are sequentially arranged on the circulating pipeline along the gas flowing direction, and the rest of a connector of the three-way valve III is communicated with a gas inlet pipe;

one end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with a high-pressure gas tank, the other end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with a circulating pipeline between the circulating pump and the third three-way valve, and a control valve is arranged on the second connecting pipe.

In one embodiment, the system further comprises a second three-way valve, wherein the second three-way valve is connected into a circulating pipeline between the first three-way valve and the circulating pump;

the rest connector of the second three-way valve is communicated with one end of a third connecting pipe, the other end of the third connecting pipe is communicated with a high-pressure gas tank, and the third connecting pipe is provided with a first air compressor and a first gas-liquid separator.

In one embodiment, a barometer is further provided on the circulation line.

In one embodiment, the first, second and third three-way valves each include:

the outer wall of the cylinder is provided with three pipe interfaces;

the four piston blocks are fixedly connected, three ventilation holes which are communicated are formed in the piston blocks, the ventilation hole in one of the piston blocks can be communicated with three pipe interfaces, and the ventilation holes in the remaining three piston blocks can be respectively communicated with two different pipe interfaces;

and the thrust device is fixedly arranged at one end of the cylinder body, and the movable end of the thrust device is fixedly connected with the piston block.

In one embodiment, the central axes of two of the three pipe interfaces coincide, and the central axis of the remaining one pipe interface is perpendicular to the central axes of the other pipe interfaces.

In one embodiment, the three intercommunicating vent holes are T-shaped.

In one embodiment, four piston blocks are fixedly connected into a whole.

In one embodiment, the four piston blocks are fixedly connected through the movable end of the thrust device.

In one embodiment, a second gas-liquid separator is further arranged on the circulating pipeline.

In one embodiment, the air inlet of the air pump is communicated with an air filter.

Has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a fuel cell pile purging system can totally thoroughly purge the positive pole runner, ensures that the positive pole runner does not have the air to remain, and the practicality is good.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack purge system according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-way valve according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram II of the three-way valve of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a piston block in the three-way valve of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an internal structure view of the three-way valve of the present invention;

FIG. 6 isbase:Sub>A sectional view A-A of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 5;

fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in fig. 5.

The reference numerals are explained below:

1. a galvanic pile; 2. a cathode inlet; 3. a cathode outlet; 4. an air inlet pipe; 5. an air pump; 6. a first connecting pipe; 7. an anode inlet; 8. an anode outlet; 9. a first three-way valve; 10. a third three-way valve; 11. a circulation line; 12. a barometer; 13. a second three-way valve; 14. a circulation pump; 15. a second connecting pipe; 16. a control valve; 17. a high pressure gas tank; 18. an air compressor; 19. a first gas-liquid separator; 20. a barrel; 21. a pipe interface; 22. an end cap; 23. a thrust device; 24. a first piston block; 25. a vent hole; 26. a piston block II; 27. a piston block III; 28. a piston block IV; 29. a third connecting pipe; 30. a gas-liquid separator II; 31. an air filter.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear \8230;) are involved in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached drawings), the motion situation, etc., and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., "fixed" may be fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In addition, if there is a description relating to "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

The utility model provides a fuel cell pile purging system, this fuel cell pile purging system can start to blow and shut down to fuel cell's negative pole and positive pole runner, the mode that adopts the air of drum into in negative pole and the positive pole runner sweeps in shutting down, the start is blown and is adopted and drum into hydrogen in the positive pole runner, the mode of drum into the air in the negative pole runner sweeps, can sweep the positive pole runner totally thoroughly when the start is swept, ensure that the positive pole runner does not have the air and remain, the practicality is good.

The fuel cell stack purge system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to two embodiments.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell stack purging system includes an air inlet pipe 4, a circulation pipeline 11 and a second connecting pipe 15; intake pipe 4 one end intercommunication has air pump 5, the other end to communicate the negative pole entry 2 of galvanic pile 1, and the air in the air pump 5 start-up back can be extracted the atmosphere and through intake pipe 4 air of blowing into in the negative pole passageway of galvanic pile 1, and the air runs through behind the negative pole passageway of galvanic pile 1 and flows out from negative pole export 3 and discharge to the atmosphere.

Preferably, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the air inlet of the air pump 5 is communicated with an air filter 31, and the air entering the air pump 5 is filtered by air filtration, so as to prevent foreign matters such as external dust from entering the air pump 5 to affect the normal operation of the fuel cell.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, two ends of the circulation pipeline 11 are respectively communicated with the anode inlet 7 and the anode outlet 8, a three-way valve one 9, a circulation pump 14 and a three-way valve three 10 are sequentially arranged on the circulation pipeline 11 along the gas flow direction, two interfaces d and e of the three-way valve one 9 in fig. 1 are connected into the circulation pipeline 11, two interfaces a and c of the three-way valve three 10 are connected into the circulation pipeline 11, the remaining interface b of the three-way valve three 10 is communicated with the gas inlet pipe 4, when the fuel cell is normally operated, the two interfaces a and c of the three-way valve three 10 are communicated, and at this time, the air in the gas inlet pipe 4 does not enter the circulation pipeline 11; after the fuel cell is shut down, the three-way valve 10 is controlled to enable the three ports a, b and c to be communicated, and at the moment, air in the air inlet pipe 4 enters the circulating pipeline 11 to shut down and purge the anode flow channel.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, one end of the second connecting pipe 15 is communicated with a high-pressure gas tank 17, and the other end of the second connecting pipe 15 is communicated with the circulation pipeline 11 between the circulation pump 14 and the three-way valve 10, the high-pressure gas tank 17 stores high-pressure hydrogen, the high-pressure gas tank 17 supplements hydrogen to the circulation pipeline 11 through the second connecting pipe 15, and the second connecting pipe 15 is provided with a control valve 16 for controlling the high-pressure gas tank 17 to supplement hydrogen to the circulation pipeline 11.

In this embodiment, during normal operation of the fuel cell, the circulation pump 14 is started to continuously supply hydrogen in the circulation pipeline 11 to the anode flow channel in the stack 1, at this time, the F port of the three-way valve one 9 and the b port of the three-way valve three 10 are closed, and the control valve 16 controls the high-pressure gas tank 17 to supplement hydrogen to the circulation pipeline 11 as required.

The shutdown purging of the fuel cell is started after the fuel cell is shut down, at the moment, the control valve 16 is closed, the circulating pump 14 stops running, then the three ports a, b and c of the three-way valve three 10 are communicated with one another, then the two ports d and f of the three-way valve one 9 are controlled to be communicated with one another, the port e is controlled to be closed, the air pump 5 normally runs, at the moment, air in the air inlet pipe 4 enters the circulating pipeline 11 through the three-way valve three 10, due to the fact that the port e of the three-way valve one 9 is closed, the solid air enters an anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack 1 through the circulating pipeline 11, and is discharged into the atmosphere from the port f of the three-way valve one 9, after the anode flow channel of the fuel cell stack 1 is purged completely, the two ports e and f of the three-way valve one 9 are controlled to be communicated with one another, the port d is controlled to be closed, at the moment, the air enters the port e of the three-way valve one 9 through the circulating pump 14 through the circulating pipeline 11, and is discharged into the atmosphere from the port f of the one 9.

The fuel cell stack purging system controls the first three-way valve 9 to change the direction in the shutdown purging process to enable the two interfaces d and e to be communicated with the interface f successively, and purges the circulating pipeline 11 twice, so that the design can ensure that the circulating pipeline 11 and an anode flow channel of the stack 1 are purged completely.

In this embodiment, after the shutdown purging of the fuel cell is finished, the first three-way valve 9 is controlled to change the direction to connect the two interfaces d and e and close the interface f, and the third three-way valve 10 is controlled to change the direction to connect the two interfaces a and c and close the interface b, and then the fuel cell is started.

In this embodiment, the fuel cell is first turned on and purged after being turned on, as shown in fig. 1, the three-way valve one 9 is controlled to change direction to conduct the two interfaces d and f and close the interface e, then the control valve 16 is opened, hydrogen in the high-pressure gas tank 17 enters the circulation pipeline 11 through the second connection pipe 15, because the interface e is closed, the hydrogen enters the anode flow channel of the cell stack 1 through the circulation pipeline 11 and is finally exhausted to the atmosphere from the interface f of the three-way valve one 9, after a period of time, the three-way valve one 9 is controlled to change direction to conduct the two interfaces e and f and close the interface d, at this time, the hydrogen passes through the circulation pipeline 11 and the circulation pump 14 to reach the interface e of the three-way valve one 9, and is finally exhausted to the atmosphere from the interface f of the three-way valve one 9.

The fuel cell stack purging system controls the first three-way valve 9 to change the direction in the starting purging process so that the two interfaces d and e are communicated with the interface f successively, and purges the circulating pipeline 11 twice, so that the design can ensure that air in the circulating pipeline 11 and an anode flow channel of the stack 1 is purged cleanly and thoroughly without air residue.

In this embodiment, after the start-up purge of the fuel cell is completed, the three-way valve one 9 is controlled to change the direction to connect the two ports d and e, close the port f, and start the circulating pump 14 to perform normal operation.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a second gas-liquid separator 30 is further disposed on the circulation pipeline 11, and is used for dehumidifying hydrogen gas as required during normal operation of the fuel cell, so as to prevent the hydrogen gas humidity from being too large to affect the performance of the fuel cell.

In this embodiment, further, the fuel cell stack purging system further includes a second three-way valve 13, as shown in fig. 1, two ports m and h of the second three-way valve 13 are connected to the circulation pipeline 11 between the first three-way valve 9 and the circulation pump 14, the remaining port g of the second three-way valve 13 is communicated with one end of the third connecting pipe 29, the other end of the third connecting pipe 29 is communicated with the high-pressure gas tank 17, and an air compressor 18 and a first gas-liquid separator 19 are arranged on the third connecting pipe 29, so that when the fuel cell is shut down and ready for shutdown purging, the control valve 16 can be closed first, the second three-way valve 13 is operated to change the direction to communicate the three ports m, h, and g, and then the air compressor 18 is started to pump away the hydrogen in the circulation pipeline 11 and compress the hydrogen in the high-pressure gas tank 17, thereby saving the hydrogen, reducing the consumption of the fuel cell and reducing the power generation cost of the fuel cell, the first gas-liquid separator 19 is used to dry the hydrogen in the high-pressure gas tank 17, and after the hydrogen in the circulation pipeline 11 is pumped out, the three-way valve 13 is operated to change the direction to switch the ports m and h, close the port, and stop the interface, and to purge the air compressor 18, and then to perform the purge operation.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, an air pressure gauge 12 is further disposed on the circulation pipeline 11 for detecting the air pressure in the circulation pipeline 11 so as to timely control the air compressor 18 to stop operating.

In this embodiment, to facilitate the communication between the three-way valve three 10 and the intake pipe 4, as shown in fig. 1, the b port of the three-way valve three 10 can be communicated with the intake pipe 4 through a first connecting pipe 6.

In this embodiment, the first three-way valve 9, the second three-way valve 13 and the third three-way valve 10 have the same structure and are all T-shaped three-way ball valves.

Example two:

the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the structures of the first three-way valve 9, the second three-way valve 13, and the third three-way valve 10 are different.

In the present embodiment, the three-way valve one 9, the three-way valve two 13 and the three-way valve three 10 are of the same structure, and each includes a cylinder 20, a piston block and a thrust device 23, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, three pipe interfaces 21 are provided on the outer wall of the cylinder 20, preferably, the central axes of two of the three pipe interfaces 21 coincide, the central axis of the remaining pipe interface 21 is perpendicular to the central axes of the other pipe interfaces 21, the number of the piston blocks is four, and the piston blocks are located in the cylinder 20 and are connected with the inner wall of the cylinder 20 in a sliding and sealing manner, the four piston blocks are fixedly connected, the piston blocks are provided with three communicating vent holes 25, preferably, the three communicating vent holes 25 are T-shaped, as shown in fig. 6 to 9, wherein the vent hole 25 on one piston block can be communicated with the three pipe interfaces 21, such as the piston block one 24 shown in fig. 6, the vent holes 25 on the remaining three piston blocks can be respectively communicated with two different pipe interfaces 21, such as the vent hole 25 on the piston block 26 shown in fig. 7 can be communicated with the left end and the two remaining pipe interfaces 21 in fig. 6, the cylinder 20 can be blocked by the piston block 20, the inner wall of the piston block 20, and the inner wall of the left end of the cylinder 20 can be communicated with the upper end of the cylinder 20, such that the upper end of the cylinder 20 can be communicated with the cylinder 9, and the upper end of the cylinder 9, such as the cylinder 9, and the upper end of the left end of the cylinder 8, and the cylinder 9; as shown in fig. 5, the thrust device 23 is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the cylinder 20, preferably, an end cover 22 is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the cylinder 20, the thrust device 23 is fixedly disposed on the end cover 22, a movable end of the thrust device 23 is fixedly connected to the piston block, and four piston blocks are pushed by the thrust device 23 to slide up and down in the cylinder 20, so that different piston blocks are communicated with the pipe connector 21 on the cylinder 20, thereby implementing the reversing of the three-way valve, including the functions of communicating three connectors of the three-way valve and communicating any two connectors.

In the present embodiment, the thrust device 23 is any one of a linear motor, an air cylinder, and a hydraulic cylinder.

Compared with a T-shaped three-way ball valve in the prior art, the three-way valve of the embodiment has the following advantages:

1. the structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low;

2. the four piston blocks are always in sealing connection with the inner wall of the cylinder 20 in the moving process, so that gas in the circulating pipeline 11 cannot enter the area outside the piston blocks in the cylinder 20, after the start-up purging of the fuel cell is finished, only part of the piston blocks (the piston blocks are communicated with the circulating pipeline 11 when the fuel cell is shut down and the circulating pipeline 11 is not communicated due to the reversing of the three-way valve when the fuel cell is started up and purged), so that air remains in the vent holes 25, but the part of the remaining air cannot enter the area outside the piston blocks in the cylinder 20 and cannot enter the vent holes 25 of other piston blocks (such as the piston blocks communicated with the circulating pipeline 11 when the fuel cell normally works), so that even if the fuel cell cannot blow away the part of the remaining air after the start-up purging is finished, the remaining air cannot enter the circulating pipeline 11 during the normal operation of the fuel cell to influence the operation of the fuel cell.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, four piston blocks are fixedly connected as a whole, and certainly, in other embodiments, the four piston blocks may not be directly connected, but are fixedly connected through the movable end of the thrust device 23.

The above only be the preferred embodiment of the utility model discloses a not consequently restriction the utility model discloses a patent range, all are in the utility model discloses a conceive, utilize the equivalent structure transform of what the content was done in the description and the attached drawing, or direct/indirect application all is included in other relevant technical field the utility model discloses a patent protection within range.

Claims

1. A fuel cell stack purging system is characterized by comprising an air inlet pipe (4), a circulating pipeline (11) and a second connecting pipe (15);

one end of the air inlet pipe (4) is communicated with an air pump (5), and the other end of the air inlet pipe can be communicated with a cathode inlet (2) of the galvanic pile (1);

two ends of the circulating pipeline (11) are respectively communicated with an anode inlet (7) and an anode outlet (8), a three-way valve I (9), a circulating pump (14) and a three-way valve III (10) are sequentially arranged on the circulating pipeline (11) along the gas flowing direction, and the rest of interfaces of the three-way valve III (10) are communicated with the gas inlet pipe (4);

one end of the second connecting pipe (15) is communicated with a high-pressure gas tank (17), the other end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with a circulating pipeline (11) between the circulating pump (14) and the third three-way valve (10), and a control valve (16) is arranged on the second connecting pipe (15).

2. The fuel cell stack purge system according to claim 1, further comprising a second three-way valve (13), the second three-way valve (13) being connected to the circulation line (11) between the first three-way valve (9) and the circulation pump (14);

the rest interface of the second three-way valve (13) is communicated with one end of a third connecting pipe (29), the other end of the third connecting pipe (29) is communicated with a high-pressure gas tank (17), and an air compressor (18) and a first gas-liquid separator (19) are arranged on the third connecting pipe (29).

3. The fuel cell stack purge system according to claim 2, wherein a barometer (12) is further provided on the circulation line (11).

4. The fuel cell stack purge system of claim 2, wherein the three-way valve one (9), the three-way valve two (13), and the three-way valve three (10) each comprise:

the outer wall of the cylinder body (20) is provided with three pipe interfaces (21);

the four piston blocks are fixedly connected, three ventilation holes (25) which are communicated are formed in the piston blocks, the ventilation hole (25) in one of the piston blocks can be communicated with three pipe connectors (21), and the ventilation holes (25) in the remaining three piston blocks can be respectively communicated with two different pipe connectors (21);

and the thrust device (23) is fixedly arranged at one end of the cylinder body (20), and the movable end of the thrust device (23) is fixedly connected with the piston block.

5. The fuel cell stack purge system according to claim 4, wherein the central axes of two of the three pipe interfaces (21) coincide, and the central axis of the remaining one pipe interface (21) is perpendicular to the central axes of the other pipe interfaces (21).

6. The fuel cell stack purge system of claim 4, wherein three intercommunicating vent holes (25) are T-shaped.

7. The fuel cell stack purge system of claim 4, wherein four piston blocks are secured together.

8. The fuel cell stack purge system of claim 4, wherein four piston blocks are secured by the movable end of the thrust device (23).

9. The fuel cell stack purge system according to claim 1, wherein a second gas-liquid separator (30) is further provided in the circulation line (11).

10. The fuel cell stack purge system according to claim 1, wherein the air inlet of the air pump (5) is connected to an air filter (31).