CN217585541U

CN217585541U - Directional fracture dado blasting controlling means of rock

Info

Publication number: CN217585541U
Application number: CN202221726726.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张勇; 张�成; 蒲传金; 王刚; 肖定军
Original assignee: Southwest University of Science and Technology; Third Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway Construction Bridge Engineering Bureau Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Southwest University of Science and Technology; Third Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway Construction Bridge Engineering Bureau Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-05
Filing date: 2022-07-05
Publication date: 2022-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 2032-07-05

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the engineering blasting construction, concretely relates to directional fracture dado blasting controlling means of rock. The utility model discloses an energy-gathering pipe is including filling the chamber, the one end of filling the chamber is provided with the jam layer, the other end is provided with unloads the pressure layer, all be provided with air spacer between per two adjacent cartridge bags, be provided with annular water bag between cartridge bag and air spacer and the inner wall of filling the chamber, several cartridge bag and several air spacer are passed in proper order to the one end of explosive fuse, and set up in the cartridge bag with jam layer distance farthest, the jam layer is worn out to the other end, be provided with the end cap between cartridge bag and the release layer, be V-arrangement structure or arc structure in two rectangular shape recesses, and form between the central line of two rectangular shape recesses and gather the energy cave contained angle. The utility model discloses can more effectual impact big gun hole wall carry out the fracture of predetermined direction, the water bag receives behind the strong extrusion can cave contained angle form superstrong efflux, invades the cutting of penetration to the predetermined fracture direction of rock.

Description

Directional fracture dado blasting controlling means of rock

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the engineering blasting construction, concretely relates to directional cracked dado blasting controlling means of rock.

Background

Mine blasting is to break rock mass by using the explosion effect of explosive, and is the most effective and widely applied rock mass excavation and stripping means in the current mining process. Research shows that the rock strength and the load loading speed are in positive correlation, namely the ultimate crushing strength of the rock is increased along with the increase of the load loading speed (stress rate or strain rate), namely the faster the loading speed is, the greater the rock crushing difficulty is; the energy of explosive explosion is loaded in the form of dynamic load or super dynamic load, so that additional energy is needed to compensate for the crushing energy required by improving the crushing strength of the rock. In addition, the nature and magnitude of the load are also important factors affecting the blasting action. From the blasting mechanism, it is known that the greater the initial pulse pressure of the blast, the greater the energy consumed in the crushing zone and the lesser the energy in the cracking zone. If the initial burst pressure is properly reduced, the energy loss of the burst crushing area can be reduced, the range of the crushing area is enlarged, a better burst effect is realized, and the expected burst target is achieved.

At present, wall protection blasting is widely realized by using wood bamboo chips and PVC-U-shaped pipes in rock mass engineering blasting at home and abroad, but the blasting half-hole mark rate is not high due to the destructive effect of high temperature and high pressure generated by the blasting on the materials, the directional forming effect is poor, and certain damage and even destruction can be caused to the reserved rock mass.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the problem among the prior art, the utility model provides a directional fracture dado blasting controlling means of rock is in order to solve above-mentioned problem.

The utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows:

a wall protection blasting control device for directional fracture of a rock comprises an energy collecting pipe, wherein the energy collecting pipe comprises a filling cavity, a blocking layer is arranged at one end of the filling cavity, a pressure relief layer is arranged at the other end of the filling cavity, a plurality of explosive bags are arranged between the blocking layer and the pressure relief layer along the axial direction, an air spacer is arranged between every two adjacent explosive bags, an annular water bag is arranged between the explosive bags, the air spacer and the inner wall of the filling cavity, an explosion cord is arranged in the blocking layer, one end of the explosion cord sequentially penetrates through the explosive bags and the air spacers and is arranged in the explosive bag farthest away from the blocking layer, the other end of the explosion cord penetrates through the blocking layer and is arranged outside the energy collecting pipe, a plug is arranged between the explosive bags and the pressure relief layer, two elongated grooves are arranged on the pipe wall of the energy collecting pipe along the axial direction, the inner portions of the two elongated grooves are of a V-shaped structure or an arc-shaped structure, and an energy collecting hole included angle is formed between the central lines of the two elongated grooves.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the annular water bag is added between the explosive package and the energy-gathering tube, so that the loss of explosive energy is reduced by fully utilizing the incompressibility of water and the good energy transfer effect; the water in the water bag can also play a role in reducing flame, temperature and dust in the blasting process, and simultaneously weaken the damage of the blast shock wave to the energy-collecting pipe; the density of the water medium is higher than that of the air medium, so that the peak pressure of shock waves formed by water explosion is higher than that of air shock waves, the two strip-shaped grooves can extrude the annular water bag by explosive expansion of the explosive package to concentrate water in the annular water bag to the direction of the energy-gathering holes, the water bag can more effectively impact the blast hole wall to break in the preset direction, and the water bag forms super-strong jet flow at the included angle of the energy-gathering holes after being strongly extruded to carry out penetration cutting on the preset breaking direction of rocks. The arrangement of the V-shaped structure or the arc-shaped structure in the strip-shaped groove can more effectively concentrate explosive blasting particle jet on the hole wall in the included angle direction of the energy-gathering hole, and meanwhile, water in the water bag is squeezed, so that the loss of explosive energy is reduced, and the effect of directional joint cutting for energy gathering is improved; can effectively reduce the wall damage through air spacer, greatly reduce the unit consumption, practice thrift the cost. The device greatly improves the directional fracture and seam forming effect of smooth blasting, inhibits the explosion energy from expanding towards other directions, improves the wall protection effect, weakens blasting vibration, dust and noise hazard effects, improves the hole mark rate, and has remarkable blasting effect. The material is easy to obtain, the cost is low, the construction is convenient, the requirement of rock excavation engineering such as tunnels, roadways, mines and the like on the blasting of peripheral holes is met, and the method has wide practicability.

Preferably, the angle of the hole-shaped included angle is 45-60 degrees.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the explosive bag explosive particle jet flow is more effectively and intensively acted on the hole wall in the included angle direction of the energy-gathering hole, and meanwhile, water in the water bag is extruded, so that the loss of explosive energy is reduced, and the energy-gathering directional joint cutting effect is improved.

Preferably, the energy-gathering pipes are made of metal skins with the thickness of 1-2mm, the inner walls of the energy-gathering pipes are provided with high-temperature resistant coatings, and the thickness of the pipe walls of the energy-gathering pipes between the energy-gathering hole included angles is smaller than that of the pipe walls of the energy-gathering pipes outside the energy-gathering hole included angles.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the explosive charge explosive particle jet flow can be more effectively and intensively acted on the hole wall in the included angle direction of the energy gathering holes.

Preferably, the cartridge is an industrial explosive or a ready-to-charge powdered explosive.

Preferably, the pressure relief layer is composed of one or more of air or clay, the plugging layer is composed of one or more of clay or chad, and the plug is composed of one or more of waste paper, adhesive tape or sponge.

Preferably, the air spacer is a hollow plastic tube provided with a penetration hole for passing the explosion wire.

Preferably, the water bag consists of a plastic bag and water.

Preferably, the detonating cord is a detonator.

Preferably, a blast hole is formed in the rock, one end, arranged outside the energy collecting pipe, of the detonating cord is arranged outside the blast hole, and the detonating cord is connected with an external connection network.

To sum up, owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. the annular water bag is added between the explosive package and the energy-gathering tube, so that the loss of explosive energy is reduced by fully utilizing the incompressibility and good energy transfer effect of water; the water in the water bag can also play a role in reducing flame, temperature and dust in the blasting process, and simultaneously weaken the damage of the blast shock wave to the energy-collecting tube; and because the density of the water medium is higher than that of the air medium, the pressure of the shock wave formed by explosion in water is higher than that of the peak of the air shock wave, the two strip-shaped grooves can extrude the annular water bag by explosive expansion of the explosive package to concentrate the water in the annular water bag to the energy-gathered hole direction, the water bag can more effectively impact the blast hole wall to fracture in the preset direction, and the water bag forms super-strong jet at the included angle of the energy-gathered hole after being strongly extruded to invade, thoroughly cut and crack the rock in the preset fracture direction.

2. The V-shaped structure or the arc-shaped structure is arranged in the strip-shaped groove, so that explosive particles can be more effectively and intensively acted on the hole wall in the included angle direction of the energy-gathering holes, and meanwhile, water in the water bag is extruded, the energy loss of the explosive is reduced, and the energy-gathering directional joint-cutting effect is improved.

3. Can effectively reduce the wall damage through air spacer, greatly reduce the unit consumption, practice thrift the cost. The device greatly improves the directional fracture and seam forming effect of smooth blasting, inhibits the explosion energy from expanding towards other directions, improves the wall protection effect, weakens blasting vibration, dust and noise hazard effects, improves the hole mark rate, and has remarkable blasting effect. The material is easy to obtain, the cost is low, the construction is convenient, the requirement of rock excavation engineering such as tunnels, roadways, mines and the like on the blasting of peripheral holes is met, and the method has wide practicability.

Drawings

The invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at A in FIG. 1;

wherein: 1-blast hole, 2-plugging layer, 3-annular water bag, 4-energy-gathering tube, 5-explosive package, 6-air isolator, 7-detonating cord, 8-plug, 9-pressure relief layer, 10-strip-shaped groove and 11-energy-gathering hole included angle.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used, and are only used for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 2.

A wall protection blasting control device for directional fracture of a rock comprises an energy collecting pipe 4, wherein the energy collecting pipe 4 comprises a filling cavity, a blocking layer 2 is arranged at one end of the filling cavity, a pressure relief layer 9 is arranged at the other end of the filling cavity, a plurality of explosive bags are arranged between the blocking layer 2 and the pressure relief layer 9 along the axial direction, an air spacer 6 is arranged between every two adjacent explosive bags, an annular water bag 3 is arranged between the explosive bags and the inner wall of the filling cavity, an explosion cord 7 is arranged in the blocking layer 2, one end of the explosion cord 7 sequentially penetrates through the plurality of explosive bags and the plurality of air spacers 6 and is arranged in one explosive bag which is farthest away from the blocking layer 2, the other end of the explosion cord penetrates through the blocking layer 2 and is arranged outside the energy collecting pipe 4, an end cap 8 is arranged between the explosive bags and the pressure relief layer 9, two strip-shaped grooves 10 are axially arranged on the pipe wall of the energy collecting pipe 4, the two strip-shaped grooves 10 are of a V-shaped structure or an arc-shaped structure, and an energy collecting hole 11 is formed between the central lines of the two strip-shaped grooves 10.

In this embodiment, the angle of the energy-concentrating pocket included angle 11 is 45 ° to 60 °.

In this embodiment, the energy-collecting pipes 4 are made of metal skin with the thickness of 1-2mm, the inner walls of the energy-collecting pipes 4 are provided with high-temperature resistant coatings, and the thickness of the pipe walls of the energy-collecting pipes 4 between the energy-collecting hole included angles 11 is smaller than that of the pipe walls of the energy-collecting pipes 4 outside the energy-collecting hole included angles 11.

In this embodiment, the charge is an industrial explosive or a ready-to-charge powdered explosive.

In this embodiment, the pressure relief layer 9 is made of one or more of air or clay, the plugging layer 2 is made of one or more of clay or chad, and the plug 8 is made of one or more of waste paper, adhesive tape or sponge.

In this embodiment, the air spacer 6 is a hollow plastic tube provided with a perforation for passing the detonating cord 7.

In this embodiment, the annular water bag 3 is composed of a plastic bag and water.

In this embodiment, the detonating cord 7 is a detonator.

In this embodiment, a blast hole 1 is formed in the rock, and one end of the detonating cord 7, which is arranged outside the energy collecting tube 4, is arranged outside the blast hole 1 and is connected with an external connection network.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the specific application method of the present invention is as follows:

step 1: filling a pressure relief layer in a filling cavity of the energy-collecting pipe 4, wherein the pressure relief layer is an air cushion layer according to the working condition;

step 2: suspending and fixing the annular water bag on the inner wall of the energy collecting pipe;

and step 3: plugging one end of a filling cavity of the energy collecting pipe by using a plug;

and 4, step 4: controlling the placing angle of an energy-gathering hole included angle 11 of the energy-gathering pipe, and placing the assembled energy-gathering pipe in the blast hole;

and 5: the explosive bag and the air spacer are sequentially connected in series by a detonating cord (detonator), and the explosive bag and the air spacer are arranged in the energy collecting tube and are contacted with the inner wall of the annular water bag;

step 6: filling a plugging layer;

and 7: connecting the detonating cord with the external connection network, and enhancing the warning and detonating after checking the network is error-free.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a directional fracture dado blasting controlling means of rock which characterized in that: the energy-gathering pipe comprises an energy-gathering pipe (4), wherein the energy-gathering pipe (4) comprises a filling cavity, one end of the filling cavity is provided with a blocking layer (2), the other end of the filling cavity is provided with a pressure relief layer (9), a plurality of medicine bags are axially arranged between the blocking layer (2) and the pressure relief layer (9), an air spacer (6) is arranged between every two adjacent medicine bags, an annular water bag (3) is arranged between the medicine bags and the inner wall of the filling cavity, an explosion cord (7) is arranged in the blocking layer (2), one end of the explosion cord (7) sequentially penetrates through the plurality of medicine bags and the plurality of air spacers (6) and is arranged in the medicine bag which is farthest away from the blocking layer (2), the other end of the explosion cord penetrates through the blocking layer (2) and is arranged outside the energy-gathering pipe (4), a plug (8) is arranged between the medicine bags and the pressure relief layer (9), two elongated grooves (10) are axially arranged on the pipe wall of the energy-gathering pipe (4), a V-shaped structure or an arc-shaped structure is arranged in the two elongated grooves (10), and an included angle is formed between the two elongated grooves (11).

2. The directional rupture of rock dado blasting control device of claim 1, characterized in that: the included angle (11) of the energy-gathering holes is 45-60 degrees.

3. The directional rupture of rock dado blasting control device of claim 1, wherein: the energy-gathering pipe (4) is made of metal skin with the thickness of 1-2mm, a high-temperature-resistant coating is arranged on the inner wall of the energy-gathering pipe (4), and the thickness of the pipe wall of the energy-gathering pipe (4) between the energy-gathering hole included angles is smaller than that of the pipe wall of the energy-gathering pipe (4) outside the energy-gathering hole included angles.

4. The directional rupture of rock dado blasting control device of claim 1, characterized in that: the explosive package is industrial explosive or instant powder explosive.

5. The directional rupture of rock dado blasting control device of claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure relief layer (9) is composed of one or more of air and clay, the plugging layer (2) is composed of one or more of clay and pore debris, and the plug (8) is composed of one or more of waste paper, adhesive tape and sponge.

6. The directional rupture of rock dado blasting control device of claim 1, characterized in that: the air spacer (6) is a hollow plastic pipe provided with a through hole for passing through the detonating cord (7).

7. The directional rupture of rock dado blasting control device of claim 1, wherein: the annular water bag (3) consists of a plastic bag and water.

8. The directional rupture of rock dado blasting control device of claim 1, wherein: the detonating cord (7) is a detonator.

9. The directional rupture of rock dado blasting control device of claim 1, wherein: the energy-gathering tube is characterized in that a blast hole (1) is formed in the rock, and an explosion-conducting wire (7) is arranged at one end of the outer portion of the energy-gathering tube (4) and is arranged outside the blast hole (1) and connected with an external connection network.