CN217566270U - Femoral neck triangular locking and fixing system - Google Patents
Femoral neck triangular locking and fixing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217566270U CN217566270U CN202120798466.6U CN202120798466U CN217566270U CN 217566270 U CN217566270 U CN 217566270U CN 202120798466 U CN202120798466 U CN 202120798466U CN 217566270 U CN217566270 U CN 217566270U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a femoral neck triangle locking and fixing system, which belongs to the technical field of orthopedic implants, and comprises a transverse tension screw and a diagonal tension screw, and also comprises an outer fixing plate which is attached to the outer side of the upper end of a femur, wherein the upper part and the lower part of the outer fixing plate are respectively provided with a first nail hole for accommodating the transverse tension screw and a second nail hole for accommodating the diagonal tension screw; and a third nail hole for accommodating the transverse tension screw is formed in the diagonal tension screw, the third nail hole is provided with a first internal thread, and a first external thread matched with the first internal thread is formed in the transverse tension screw. The utility model discloses can firmly fix femoral fracture, need not destructive implantation, can avoid the oblique pull screw that regular intramedullary nail fixation postoperative appears to move back complication such as nail, broken nail to and because loose cooperation between each nail, cause phenomenons such as relative movement, rotation between its cooperation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an orthopedic implant technical field especially indicates a thighbone neck triangle locking fixing system.
Background
The proximal intramedullary nail of femur is mainly used for intertrochanteric fracture and high trochanteric fracture of femur. The traditional Proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation mainly takes a Proximal femoral intramedullary nail (PFN), a novel Proximal femoral internal fixation system (PFNA), a TFNA (femoral Proximal intramedullary nail system) of Shandongwei high-bone department and the like as main parts, wherein the PFNA is a new improved PFN system and is suitable for various types of intertrochanteric fractures of femur, subtrochanteric fractures of femur, basal part fractures of femur neck, femoral neck fractures with femoral shaft fractures, femoral intertrochanteric fractures with femoral shaft fractures and the like.
In recent years, a triangular support intramedullary nail design has emerged, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a main nail 1 'for implanting in the femoral medullary cavity, a diagonal tension screw 2' (oblique nail) passing through the upper part of the main nail 1', and a transverse tension screw 3' (transverse nail) passing through the top of the main nail 1 'and the diagonal tension screw 2', with the advantage of an inward displacement of the fulcrum, distributing the pressure on both the oblique nail and the transverse nail.
The inventor discovers at the research in-process, this kind of design seems to disperse pressure on oblique nail and horizontal nail simultaneously, but this design is because oblique nail, horizontal nail etc. all do not firmly lock with the main nail, and also there is the clearance because of the error that processing caused between oblique nail and the horizontal nail, cause main nail, oblique nail, horizontal nail three between only theoretically to have formed triangular structure, still relatively independent individual is fixed in the in-service use, relative movement appears very easily between each nail, phenomenons such as rotation, can't firmly fix femoral fracture.
In addition, the unstable triangular structure of the traditional intramedullary nail operation structure completely depends on the destructive implantation of the intramedullary main nail, damages the intramedullary tissue and further builds a stress main shaft. This will, to some extent, violate spinal surgical techniques and implants to minimize basic awareness of anatomical trauma, and implantation of the main nail will also place high demands on the difficulty of the procedure.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a three horn locking fixing system of thighbone neck that can firmly fix femoral fracture, need not destructive implantation.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a technical scheme as follows:
the utility model provides a three corner lock fixed system in femoral neck, includes horizontal tension screw and oblique tension screw, still including being used for pasting the external fixation board of establishing in the thighbone upper end outside, wherein:
the upper part and the lower part of the outer fixing plate are respectively provided with a first nail hole for accommodating the transverse tension screw and a second nail hole for accommodating the diagonal tension screw;
the oblique tension screw is provided with a third screw hole used for containing the transverse tension screw, the third screw hole is provided with a first internal thread, and the transverse tension screw is provided with a first external thread matched with the first internal thread.
Furthermore, the first nail hole is provided with a second internal thread, and the tail end of the transverse tension screw is provided with a second external thread matched with the second internal thread.
Furthermore, an inner conical surface which gradually narrows from the tail part to the head part along the transverse tension screw is arranged in the first screw hole, and an outer conical surface matched with the inner conical surface is arranged at the tail end of the transverse tension screw;
and/or the pitch of the second external thread is smaller than the pitch of the first external thread.
Furthermore, the third nail hole is a through hole, and the head of the transverse tension screw penetrates through the third nail hole.
Furthermore, the inner surface of the third nail hole is an inner conical surface which gradually narrows from the tail part to the head part along the transverse tension screw, and the rod part of the transverse tension screw is provided with an outer conical surface matched with the inner conical surface.
Furthermore, the third nail hole is a blind hole, and the head of the transverse tension screw is located in the third nail hole.
Furthermore, the inner surface of the third nail hole is an inner conical surface which gradually narrows from the tail part to the head part along the transverse tension screw, and the head part of the transverse tension screw is provided with an outer conical surface matched with the inner conical surface.
Furthermore, a hollow positioning cylinder which is communicated with the second nail hole and is used for the diagonal tension screw to pass through is arranged on the inner side of the outer fixing plate.
Furthermore, an inner conical surface which gradually narrows from the tail part to the head part along the inclined tension screw is arranged in the hollow positioning cylinder, and an outer conical surface matched with the inner conical surface is arranged at the rod part of the inclined tension screw.
Furthermore, a fourth nail hole is formed in the outer fixing plate and below the second nail hole, and a far-end transverse fixing screw is arranged in the fourth nail hole.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses a thighbone neck triangle locking fixing system adopts the outer fixed plate that pastes and establishes in the thighbone upper end outside, compares in prior art and inserts the main nail in the marrow chamber, and the outer fixed plate of party is small and exquisite relatively, need not destructive implantation, need not to open the marrow chamber, avoids main nail to open the injury of marrow to the marrow tissue; on the other hand, the unique physiological radian of the outer fixing plate can effectively coat the bone surface to form stable and uniform protection, and normal postoperative physiological activities are met to a greater extent by means of ultralow incisional marks. The utility model discloses an outer fixed plate with the thighbone laminating replaces the main nail, and outer fixed plate passes through screw locking to be fixed at thighbone circumference the hardest cortex bone layer, can realize the whole functions of current triangular support intramedullary nail.
The utility model discloses in be equipped with the third nail hole that is used for holding horizontal tension screw on the oblique tension screw, the third nail hole has first internal thread, is equipped with the first external screw thread that matches with first internal thread on the horizontal tension screw, locks horizontal tension screw and oblique tension screw as an organic whole, reduces the clearance between oblique tension screw and the horizontal tension screw; the utility model provides an outer fixed plate, oblique tension screw, form a stable triangular supports structure between the horizontal tension screw three, be difficult for appearing phenomena such as relative movement, rotation between each nail, can firmly fix femoral fracture, triangular supports structure after the stability, for each nail exclusive use, support femoral fracture that can be more stable.
The utility model discloses can firmly fix femoral fracture, need not destructive implantation, can avoid the oblique pull screw that regular intramedullary nail fixation postoperative appears to move back complication such as nail, broken nail to and because loose cooperation between each nail, cause phenomenons such as relative movement, rotation between its cooperation. The utility model discloses a whole operation process can use conventional apparatus to accomplish fast in monomer side, shortens the operation time and guarantees the operation success rate, reduces the patient and ache.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a prior art triangular support intramedullary nail design;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 4 of the present invention, in which an enlarged sectional view of the first nail hole on the outer fixing plate is additionally shown;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the outer fixing plate attached to the outer side of the upper end of the femur in the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the cooperation between the middle tension screw and the outer fixing plate of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following description is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The utility model provides a three corner lock fixed system in thighbone neck, as shown in fig. 2-7, including horizontal tension screw 1 and oblique tension screw 2, still including being used for pasting the external fixation board 3 of establishing in the thighbone upper end outside (keeping away from femoral head one side, ridge and peripheral region between the rotor), wherein:
the upper part and the lower part of the outer fixing plate 3 are respectively provided with a first nail hole 31 for accommodating the transverse tension screw 1 and a second nail hole 32 for accommodating the diagonal tension screw 2;
and a third nail hole 21 for accommodating the transverse tension screw 1 is formed in the diagonal tension screw 2, the third nail hole 21 is provided with a first internal thread, and a first external thread matched with the first internal thread is formed in the transverse tension screw 1.
When the device is used, firstly, the external fixing plate 3 can be held by a special tool and is attached to the outer side of the upper end of the femur (as shown in fig. 6), then the diagonal tension screws 2 are penetrated through the second nail holes 32 (penetrating through the fracture line M and being implanted into the position in fig. 7) on the external fixing plate 3 for accommodating the diagonal tension screws 2 by using the special tool, then the transverse tension screws 1 are penetrated through the first nail holes 31 on the external fixing plate 3 for accommodating the transverse tension screws 1, and the transverse tension screws 1 are screwed into the third nail holes 21 of the diagonal tension screws 2 and tightened 1.
The utility model discloses a thighbone neck triangle locking fixing system adopts the outer fixed plate that pastes and establishes in the thighbone upper end outside, compares in prior art and inserts the main nail in the marrow chamber, and the outer fixed plate of party is small and exquisite relatively, need not destructive implantation, need not to open the marrow chamber, avoids main nail to open the injury of marrow to the marrow tissue; on the other hand, the unique physiological radian of the outer fixing plate can effectively coat the bone surface to form stable and uniform protection, and normal postoperative physiological activities are met to a greater extent by means of ultralow incisional marks. The utility model adopts the outer fixing plate which is attached to the femur to replace the main nail, and the outer fixing plate is fixed on the hardest cortical bone layer in the circumferential direction of the femur through the locking of the screw, so that all functions of the existing triangular support intramedullary nail can be realized.
The utility model discloses in be equipped with the third nail hole that is used for holding horizontal tension screw on the oblique tension screw, the third nail hole has first internal thread, is equipped with the first external screw thread that matches with first internal thread on the horizontal tension screw, locks horizontal tension screw and oblique tension screw as an organic whole, reduces the clearance between oblique tension screw and the horizontal tension screw; the utility model provides an outer fixed plate, oblique tension screw, form a stable triangular supports structure between the horizontal tension screw three, be difficult for appearing phenomena such as relative movement, rotation between each nail, can firmly fix femoral fracture, triangular supports structure after the stability, for each nail exclusive use, support femoral fracture that can be more stable.
The utility model discloses can firmly fix femoral fracture, need not destructive implantation, can avoid the oblique pull screw that regular intramedullary nail fixation postoperative appears to move back complication such as nail, broken nail to and because loose cooperation between each nail, cause phenomenons such as relative movement, rotation between its cooperation. The utility model discloses a whole operation process can use conventional apparatus to accomplish fast in monomer side, shortens the operation time and guarantees the operation success rate, reduces the patient and ache. The utility model is mainly suitable for the external fixation of the marrow of femoral neck fracture in the surgical operation.
The fixing between the lateral tension screw 1 and the outer fixing plate 3 may be performed in various conventional manners in the art, however, in order to improve the firmness between the lateral tension screw 1 and the outer fixing plate 3, preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the first screw hole 31 may be provided with a second internal thread, and the tail end of the lateral tension screw 1 is provided with a second external thread 11 matched with the second internal thread, so as to lock the lateral tension screw 1 and the outer fixing plate 3 together. Furthermore, an inner conical surface which gradually narrows from the tail to the head along the transverse tension screw 1 can be arranged in the first nail hole 31, and an outer conical surface which is matched with the inner conical surface is arranged at the tail end of the transverse tension screw 1, so that as the transverse tension screw 1 is screwed into the first nail hole 31 of the outer fixing plate 3, the outer conical surface at the tail end of the transverse tension screw 1 is matched with the inner conical surface in the first nail hole 31 to gradually tighten, and finally, tight fit is realized. The pitch of the second external thread at the tail end of the transverse tension screw 1 is preferably smaller than that of the first external thread at the head end, so that after the transverse tension screw 1 passes through the first nail hole 31 on the outer fixing plate 3, the first external thread at the right side thereof is screwed into the third nail hole 21 of the diagonal tension screw 2 to lock the transverse tension screw 1 and the diagonal tension screw 2 together, and the second external thread at the left side thereof tightens the diagonal tension screw 2 towards the outer fixing plate 3 and locks the diagonal tension screw 2 and the outer fixing plate 3 together in the process of screwing into the first nail hole 21.
According to the structure difference of the third nail hole 21, the utility model discloses can have following embodiment:
example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the third nail hole 21 is a through hole, and the head of the lateral tension screw 1 passes through the third nail hole 21.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, this embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except that: the inner surface of the third nail hole 21 is an inner conical surface which gradually narrows from the tail part to the head part along the transverse tension screw 1, and the rod part of the transverse tension screw 1 is provided with an outer conical surface matched with the inner conical surface.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 4, the third nail hole 21 is a blind hole, and the head of the lateral tension screw 1 is located in the third nail hole 21.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 5, this embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 3, except that: the inner surface of the third nail hole 21 is an inner conical surface which gradually narrows from the tail part to the head part along the transverse tension screw 1, and the head part of the transverse tension screw 1 is provided with an outer conical surface matched with the inner conical surface.
In the above embodiment, the fixing between the diagonal tension screws 2 and the outer fixing plate 3 can be performed in various conventional manners in the art, however, in order to improve the firmness between the diagonal tension screws 2 and the outer fixing plate 3, it is preferable that, as shown in fig. 2 to 7, the inner side of the outer fixing plate 3 is provided with a hollow positioning cylinder 33 which is communicated with the second nail hole 32 and through which the diagonal tension screws 2 pass, which has the following advantages: firstly, can improve the fixed strength of outer fixed plate 3 and bone, secondly can make the tail end that inclines tension screw 2 not outstanding to the bone surface, thirdly can also improve the fixed strength of oblique tension screw 2 and outer fixed plate 3, fourthly plays the constraint effect to oblique tension screw 2 to a certain extent, effectively reduces rocking of oblique tension screw 2, fifthly plays certain guide effect at oblique tension screw 2 implantation in-process, makes the direction of implantation more accurate.
Further, for convenient realization oblique tension screw 2 and hollow location section of thick bamboo 33 be connected fixedly, can be equipped with along oblique tension screw 2 in the hollow location section of thick bamboo 33 from the afterbody to the interior conical surface that the head narrows down gradually, oblique tension screw 2's pole portion be equipped with this interior conical surface matched with external conical surface, like this along with the increase of oblique tension screw 2 screw in degree of depth, hollow location section of thick bamboo 33's internal conical surface pulls the external conical surface of oblique tension screw 2 pole portion to 3 right sides of external fixation board, the external conical surface of oblique tension screw 2 pole portion and the internal conical surface cooperation of hollow location section of thick bamboo 33 tighten up gradually, finally realize the tight fit. The cone angle alpha of the internal conical surface in the hollow positioning cylinder 33 is preferably 1-10 degrees.
As shown in fig. 2-7, in order to make the lower end of the external fixation plate 3 closely contact with the lateral wall of femur to prevent it from tilting due to the withdrawal of the oblique tension screw 2 after operation, a fourth nail hole may be formed on the external fixation plate 3 below the second nail hole 32, and a distal transverse fixation screw 4 is disposed in the fourth nail hole. When the outer fixing plate 3 is installed, the outer fixing plate 3 can be fixed in position in advance by the distal transverse fixing screw 4 in the fourth nail hole.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a three corner lock fixed system in femoral neck, includes horizontal tension screw and oblique tension screw, its characterized in that still includes and is used for pasting the external fixation board of establishing in the thighbone upper end outside, wherein:
the upper part and the lower part of the outer fixing plate are respectively provided with a first nail hole for accommodating the transverse tension screw and a second nail hole for accommodating the diagonal tension screw;
the oblique tension screw is provided with a third nail hole used for containing the transverse tension screw, the third nail hole is provided with a first internal thread, and the transverse tension screw is provided with a first external thread matched with the first internal thread.
2. The femoral neck trigonal locking fixation system of claim 1, wherein the first nail hole is provided with a second internal thread and the tail end of the lateral tension screw is provided with a second external thread that mates with the second internal thread.
3. The femoral neck trigonal locking fixation system of claim 2 wherein the first nail bore has an internal taper that tapers from the tail to the head along the transverse tension screw, the tail end of the transverse tension screw having an external taper that mates with the internal taper;
and/or the pitch of the second external thread is smaller than the pitch of the first external thread.
4. The femoral neck trigonal locking fixation system of claim 1, wherein the third nail hole is a through hole through which the head of the lateral tension screw passes.
5. The femoral neck trigonal locking fixation system of claim 4, wherein the inner surface of the third nail hole is an inner tapered surface that tapers from the tail to the head along the transverse tension screw, the shaft of the transverse tension screw being provided with an outer tapered surface that mates with the inner tapered surface.
6. The femoral neck trigonal locking fixation system of claim 1, wherein the third nail hole is a blind hole, the head of the lateral tension screw being located within the third nail hole.
7. The femoral neck trigonal locking fixation system of claim 6, wherein the inner surface of the third nail hole is an inner tapered surface that tapers from the tail to the head along the transverse tension screw, the head of the transverse tension screw being provided with an outer tapered surface that mates with the inner tapered surface.
8. The femoral neck trigonal locking fixation system of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inner side of the external fixation plate is provided with a hollow positioning cylinder which is communicated with the second nail hole and through which the oblique tension screw passes.
9. The femoral neck trigonal locking fixation system of claim 8, wherein the hollow positioning cylinder has an inner tapered surface that gradually narrows from the tail to the head along the oblique tension screw, the rod of the oblique tension screw having an outer tapered surface that mates with the inner tapered surface.
10. The femoral neck trigonal locking fixation system of claim 8, wherein a fourth nail hole is provided on the external fixation plate below the second nail hole, and a distal transverse fixation screw is provided in the fourth nail hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120798466.6U CN217566270U (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Femoral neck triangular locking and fixing system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120798466.6U CN217566270U (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Femoral neck triangular locking and fixing system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN217566270U true CN217566270U (en) | 2022-10-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120798466.6U Active CN217566270U (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Femoral neck triangular locking and fixing system |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN217566270U (en) |
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2021
- 2021-04-19 CN CN202120798466.6U patent/CN217566270U/en active Active
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