CN217522573U - Overvoltage protection circuit structure and electrical equipment - Google Patents
Overvoltage protection circuit structure and electrical equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN217522573U CN217522573U CN202221288081.6U CN202221288081U CN217522573U CN 217522573 U CN217522573 U CN 217522573U CN 202221288081 U CN202221288081 U CN 202221288081U CN 217522573 U CN217522573 U CN 217522573U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bus
- overvoltage protection
- protection circuit
- voltage
- input end
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model is suitable for an electronic circuit technical field provides an overvoltage protection circuit structure and electrical equipment, and the circuit includes starting circuit, is connected with the input of generating line, receives the voltage signal of the input of generating line, and output with the drive signal that the voltage signal of the input of generating line corresponds; the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a first switching piece connected to a line between the input end and the output end of the bus, and the first switching piece is connected with the starting circuit and used for switching on or switching off the connection between the input end and the output end of the bus when receiving a driving signal; and the delay starting circuit is connected with the input end of the bus and the overvoltage protection circuit, receives a voltage signal of the input end of the bus, and outputs a delay signal to the overvoltage protection circuit so as to enable the first switch piece to be conducted in a delay way. The application provides an overvoltage crowbar structure enables first switch spare delay and switches on, avoids high-voltage peak voltage to cause the damage of wounding through to the rear end load, and protection circuit safety.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the electronic circuit, especially, relate to an overvoltage protection circuit structure and electrical equipment.
Background
When the electrical equipment is electrified and works, the power supply supplies power to the electrical equipment to drive the load of the electrical equipment to operate, and when the voltage of the power supply exceeds the maximum value which can be borne by the load or the safe voltage of a line, the power supply can be disconnected through the overvoltage protection circuit, so that the load or the line is prevented from being damaged by overvoltage.
Referring to fig. 1, the conventional overvoltage protection circuit includes a PMOS transistor Q1, a PNP transistor Q2, and a zener diode D1, where PA denotes an input for accessing a power supply, and PB denotes an output for connecting a load, and when PA accesses a high voltage exceeding a maximum value that the load can bear, due to characteristics of Q1 and Q2, a speed of turning on Q1 is faster than a speed of turning on Q2, a high-voltage spike voltage may pass through PB, and a rear-end load may be damaged by a high voltage.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides an overvoltage crowbar structure aims at solving among the prior art overvoltage crowbar when inserting the high pressure, and Q1 leads to leading to lead to high-pressure spike voltage to pass through to the rear end load than Q2 guide, leads to the load to exist by the high pressure damage's problem of wounding.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a realize like this, an overvoltage crowbar structure, include:
the starting circuit is connected with the input end of the bus, receives a voltage signal of the input end of the bus and outputs a driving signal corresponding to the voltage signal of the input end of the bus;
the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a first switching piece connected to a line between the input end and the output end of the bus, and the first switching piece is connected with the starting circuit and used for switching on or switching off the connection between the input end and the output end of the bus when receiving a driving signal;
and the delay starting circuit is connected with the input end of the bus and the overvoltage protection circuit, receives a voltage signal of the input end of the bus, and outputs a delay signal to the overvoltage protection circuit so as to enable the first switch piece to be conducted in a delayed mode.
Optionally, the starting circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a first voltage regulator tube and a first switch tube;
one end of the first resistor is connected with the input end of the bus, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the second resistor and the cathode of the first voltage-stabilizing tube;
the other end of the second resistor is connected with a first pole tube pin of the first switch tube;
a second pole pin of the first switch tube is connected with the input end of the bus, and a third pole pin of the first switch tube is connected with the overvoltage protection circuit;
the anode of the first voltage regulator tube is grounded.
Optionally, the overvoltage protection circuit further comprises a third resistor:
one end of the third resistor is connected with the first pole tube foot of the first switch part and the starting circuit, and the other end of the third resistor is grounded;
the second pole pin of the first switch piece is connected with the input end of the bus, and the third pole pin is connected with the output end of the bus.
Optionally, the overvoltage protection circuit further comprises a voltage regulator;
one end of the voltage stabilizing piece is connected with a third pin of the first switch piece; the other end of the voltage stabilizer is grounded.
Optionally, the delay starting circuit includes a charging capacitor and a discharging resistor;
one end of the charging capacitor is connected with the input end of the bus, and the other end of the charging capacitor is connected with the first pole tube foot of the first switch part;
the discharging resistor is connected with the charging capacitor in parallel.
Optionally, the first switch element is a PMOS transistor.
Optionally, the first switch tube is a PNP transistor.
In a second aspect, the present application also provides an electrical apparatus including the overvoltage protection circuit structure as described above.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an input through starting circuit connection generating line, thereby can be according to drive signal to the overvoltage protection circuit that the voltage signal output of the input of generating line corresponds, thereby control overvoltage protection circuit's first switch spare, thereby switch on and end between the input of control generating line and the output, delay starting circuit is when receiving the voltage signal of the input of generating line, can export delay signal to overvoltage protection circuit, so that first switch spare time delay switches on, thereby can make the first switch spare of starting circuit first further control end when excessive pressure, realize the overvoltage protection function, avoid the condition that first switch spare switches on earlier and lead to having high-voltage spike voltage to pass through to the rear end load when excessive pressure, and then lead to the rear end load by high-pressure damage, protection circuit safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art circuit configuration;
FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic of one embodiment of the overvoltage protection circuit configuration of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit structure of an embodiment of the overvoltage protection circuit structure of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the application connects the input of bus through starting circuit, thereby can be according to the corresponding drive signal of the voltage signal output of the input of bus to overvoltage crowbar, thereby control overvoltage crowbar's first switch spare, thereby switch on and cut off between the input of control bus and the output, delay starting circuit is when receiving the voltage signal of the input of bus, can output delay signal to overvoltage crowbar, so that first switch spare time delay switches on, thereby can make first switch spare of starting circuit one-step control cut off when the excessive pressure, realize the overvoltage protection function, avoid the condition that first switch spare switches on earlier and lead to having high-voltage spike voltage to pass through to the rear end load when the excessive pressure, and then lead to the rear end load by high-voltage damage, protection circuit safety.
Example one
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 2-3, the present application provides an overvoltage protection circuit structure, comprising:
the starting circuit 100 is connected to the input PA of the bus, receives a voltage signal at the input PA of the bus, and outputs a driving signal corresponding to the voltage signal at the input PA of the bus:
the overvoltage protection circuit 200 comprises a first switching element Q1 connected to a line between an input end PA of the bus and an output end PB of the bus, wherein the first switching element Q1 is connected with the starting circuit 100 and used for conducting or stopping connection between the input end PA and the output end PB of the bus when receiving a driving signal;
the delay start circuit 300 is connected to the input PA of the bus and the overvoltage protection circuit 200, receives a voltage signal of the input PA of the bus, and outputs a delay signal to the overvoltage protection circuit 200, so that the first switch Q1 is turned on in a delayed manner.
In implementation, the input end PA and the output end PB of the bus are respectively connected to a power supply and a load, where the power supply may be a dc power supply that outputs dc power, and the load may be a dc charging circuit or other circuit system that needs dc power supply, which is not limited specifically herein.
The input end PA of the starting circuit 100 is connected to the input end PA of the bus for receiving a voltage signal of the input end PA, and for example, the input end PA is connected to the dc power supply, after receiving the voltage signal of the dc power supply, the starting circuit 100 outputs a corresponding driving signal to the first switching element Q1 of the overvoltage protection circuit 200, so as to control on or off of the first switching element Q1.
Optionally, the driving signal output by the starting circuit 100 includes an on driving signal and an off driving signal, for example, taking the safe voltage VC1 as an example, when the input terminal PA of the bus is connected to a normal voltage that does not exceed the safe voltage VC1, the starting circuit 100 may output the on driving signal to the first switching device Q1, and at the same time, the delay starting circuit 300 may also output the delay signal to the first switching device Q1, so as to delay the on of the first switching device Q1, thereby enabling the on between the input terminal PA and the output terminal PB of the bus, and the voltage signal of the input terminal PA may supply power to the load through the output terminal PB.
When the input end PA of the bus is connected with a voltage exceeding the safe voltage VC1, the delay start circuit 300 outputs a delay signal to the first switch Q1, the first switch Q1 is turned on in a delayed manner, and then the start circuit 100 can output a cut-off driving signal to the first switch Q1, so as to control the cut-off of the first switch Q1, so that the cut-off between the input end PA and the output end PB of the bus is cut off, and a high-voltage signal is not provided to the load, thereby preventing the overvoltage from damaging the rear-end load or the circuit of the load.
In the embodiment of the present application, the start circuit 100 is connected to the input PA of the bus, so that the corresponding driving signal can be output to the overvoltage protection circuit 200 according to the voltage signal at the input PA of the bus, thereby controlling the first switching element Q1 of the overvoltage protection circuit 200, and thus controlling the conduction and the cut-off between the input PA and the output PB of the bus, the delay-start circuit 300, when receiving the voltage signal at the input PA of the bus, outputs a delay signal to the over-voltage protection circuit 200, so that the first switch device Q1 is turned on with a delay, therefore, the starting circuit 100 can control the first switch element Q1 to be cut off in advance when overvoltage occurs, an overvoltage protection function is achieved, the situation that the first switch element Q1 is turned on first when overvoltage occurs is avoided, high-voltage peak voltage passes through the rear-end load, components of the rear-end load are damaged by high voltage, and the safety of the circuit is protected.
Example two
In some alternative embodiments, the start-up circuit 100 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first voltage regulator D1, and a first switch Q2;
one end of a first resistor R1 is connected with an input end PA of the bus, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with one end of a second resistor R2 and the cathode of a first voltage regulator tube D1;
the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the first pole tube foot of the first switch tube Q2;
a second pole pin of the first switch tube Q2 is connected with an input end PA of the bus, and a third pole pin of the first switch tube Q2 is connected with the overvoltage protection circuit 200;
the anode of the first regulator tube D1 is grounded.
Optionally, the overvoltage protection circuit 200 further includes a third resistor R3:
one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first pole leg of the first switch Q1 and the start-up circuit 100, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded;
the second pole pin of the first switching element Q1 is connected to the input PA of the bus bar, and the third pole pin of the first switching element Q1 is connected to the output PB of the bus bar.
In practice, one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the third pin of the first switch Q2.
Optionally, the delay starting circuit 300 includes a charging capacitor C1 and a discharging resistor R4;
one end of a charging capacitor C1 is connected with the input end PA of the bus, and the other end of the charging capacitor C1 is connected with the first pole tube foot of the first switching element Q1;
the discharge resistor C1 is connected in parallel with the charge capacitor R4.
In practice, the first switch Q1 is a PMOS transistor, the first, second and third pins of the first switch Q1 are the gate, source and drain of the PMOS transistor, respectively, the first switch Q2 is a PNP transistor, and the first, second and third pins of the second switch Q2 are the base, emitter and collector of the transistor, respectively.
For example, also taking the above-mentioned safety voltage VC1 as an example, when the input end PA of the bus is connected to a normal voltage that is not greater than the safety voltage VC1, the voltage VBUS of the input end PA is less than VD1+ VEB, so that the first switch tube Q2 is turned off, where VD1 is the stable voltage of the first regulator tube, and when the voltage regulator tube is implemented, the stable voltage of the regulator tube is set by its own parameters, and the regulator tubes with different parameters can be selected according to different voltage requirements and use requirements, so that the first switch tube Q2 is turned off when the input end PA is connected to a normal voltage that is not greater than the safety voltage VC1, and the first switch tube Q2 is turned on when the input end PA is connected to a voltage that is greater than the safety voltage VC1, which is not specifically limited herein.
The first switch Q2 is turned off to make the voltage across SG (across source and gate) of the first switch Q1 be VBUS, which is greater than the turn-on threshold of the first switch Q1, so that the first switch Q1 is turned on, at this time, the input PA and the output PB are turned on, and the voltage is provided to the back-end load through the output PB.
When the voltage of the input end PA of the bus is greater than the safety voltage VC1, the charging capacitor C1 needs to be charged, so that the first switch device Q1 is turned on in a delayed manner, and in the delayed period, the voltage VBUS of the input end PA is greater than VD1+ VEB, so that the first switch tube Q2 is turned on, at this time, the first switch device Q1 is forced to be turned off, and the input end PA and the output end PB are turned off, so that the rear-end load is prevented from being damaged by the high-voltage spike voltage.
The discharge resistor R4 is used for discharging the charging capacitor C1 when the voltage is not accessed, so as to prepare for delayed starting when the voltage is accessed next time.
EXAMPLE III
In some alternative embodiments, the overvoltage protection circuit 200 further includes a voltage regulator D2;
one end of the voltage stabilizer D2 is connected with the third pole pin of the first switching element Q1; the other end of the stabilizer D2 is grounded.
Optionally, the Voltage regulator D2 may adopt a Voltage regulator, a TVS (Transient Voltage regulator) tube or an ESD (Electro-Static discharge) device, in which, in implementation, the discharge resistor R4 may discharge the charge capacitor C1, when there is a high Voltage exceeding a set Voltage threshold, because the Voltage at two ends of the charge capacitor C1 cannot suddenly change, the first switch Q1 may keep a certain time cut-off, when a high frequency is switched in to a high Voltage, the charge time of the charge capacitor C1 is shortened, that is, the time of the cut-off delay of the first switch Q1 is shortened, which results in a situation that a high Voltage leaks through the first switch Q1, and at this time, the Voltage regulator D2 is connected to the rear end of the first switch Q1, thereby preventing the Voltage of the output terminal PB from suddenly changing, ensuring that a rear-end load is not damaged, and improving circuit safety.
Example four
In a second aspect, the present application also provides an electrical apparatus including the overvoltage protection circuit structure as described above.
Optionally, the electrical equipment is a household appliance or other electrical equipment, and the overvoltage protection circuit structure in the electrical equipment includes a starting circuit 100, an overvoltage protection circuit 200, and a delay starting circuit 300, where the starting circuit 100 is connected to the input end PA of the bus, receives a voltage signal at the input end PA of the bus, and outputs a driving signal corresponding to the voltage signal at the input end PA of the bus; the overvoltage protection circuit 200 comprises a first switching element Q1 connected to a line between the input terminal PA of the bus and the output terminal PB of the bus, the first switching element Q1 being connected to the starting circuit 100 for turning on or off the connection between the input terminal PA and the output terminal PB of the bus upon receiving a driving signal; the delay start circuit 300 is connected to the input PA of the bus and the overvoltage protection circuit 200, receives a voltage signal at the input PA of the bus, and outputs a delay signal to the overvoltage protection circuit 200, so that the first switch Q1 is turned on in a delayed manner.
In implementation, the input end PA and the output end PB of the bus are respectively connected to a power supply and a load, where the power supply may be a dc power supply, and the load may be a dc charging circuit or other circuit system requiring dc power supply, which is not specifically limited herein.
The input end PA of the input end connection bus of the starting circuit 100 is used for receiving a voltage signal of the input end PA, taking the example that the input end PA is connected to the dc power supply, after receiving the voltage signal of the dc power supply, the starting circuit 100 outputs a corresponding driving signal to the first switching element Q1 of the overvoltage protection circuit 200, so as to control the first switching element Q1 to be turned on or turned off.
Optionally, the driving signal output by the starting circuit 100 includes a turn-on driving signal and a turn-off driving signal, for example, taking the safety voltage VC1 as an example, when the input terminal PA of the bus is connected to a normal voltage that does not exceed the safety voltage VC1, the starting circuit 100 may output the turn-on driving signal to the first switching element Q1, and at the same time, the delay starting circuit 300 may also output the delay signal to the first switching element Q1, so as to delay turn-on the first switching element Q1, thereby enabling conduction between the input terminal PA and the output terminal PB of the bus, and the voltage signal of the input terminal PA may supply power to the load through the output terminal PB.
When the input end PA of the bus is connected with a voltage exceeding the safe voltage VC1, the delay start circuit 300 outputs a delay signal to the first switch Q1, the first switch Q1 is turned on in a delayed manner, and then the start circuit 100 can output a cut-off driving signal to the first switch Q1, so as to control the cut-off of the first switch Q1, so that the cut-off between the input end PA and the output end PB of the bus is cut off, and a high-voltage signal is not provided to the load, thereby preventing the overvoltage from damaging the rear-end load or the circuit of the load.
In the embodiment of the present application, the start circuit 100 is connected to the input end PA of the bus, so that a corresponding driving signal can be output to the overvoltage protection circuit 200 according to the voltage signal at the input end PA of the bus, thereby controlling the first switching element Q1 of the overvoltage protection circuit 200, and thus controlling the conduction and the cut-off between the input PA and the output PB of the bus, the delay-start circuit 300, when receiving the voltage signal at the input PA of the bus, outputs a delay signal to the over-voltage protection circuit 200, so that the first switch device Q1 is turned on with a delay, therefore, the starting circuit 100 can firstly control the first switch element Q1 to be cut off in overvoltage, an overvoltage protection function is realized, and the situation that the first switch element Q1 is firstly switched on in overvoltage is avoided, so that high-voltage peak voltage passes through the rear-end load, components of the rear-end load are damaged by high voltage, and the safety of the circuit is protected.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An overvoltage protection circuit structure, comprising:
the starting circuit is connected with the input end of the bus, receives the voltage signal of the input end of the bus and outputs a driving signal corresponding to the voltage signal of the input end of the bus;
the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a first switching piece connected to a line between the input end and the output end of the bus, and the first switching piece is connected with the starting circuit and used for switching on or switching off the connection between the input end and the output end of the bus when receiving the driving signal;
and the delay starting circuit is connected with the input end of the bus and the overvoltage protection circuit, receives a voltage signal of the input end of the bus, and outputs a delay signal to the overvoltage protection circuit so as to delay the conduction of the first switching element.
2. The overvoltage protection circuit structure of claim 1, wherein said startup circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a first voltage regulator tube, and a first switching tube;
one end of the first resistor is connected with the input end of the bus, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the second resistor and the cathode of the first voltage-regulator tube;
the other end of the second resistor is connected with a first pole tube pin of the first switch tube;
a second pole pin of the first switch tube is connected with the input end of the bus, and a third pole pin of the first switch tube is connected with the overvoltage protection circuit;
the anode of the first voltage regulator tube is grounded.
3. The overvoltage protection circuit arrangement of claim 1, wherein said overvoltage protection circuit further comprises a third resistor:
one end of the third resistor is connected with the first pole tube pin of the first switch piece and the starting circuit, and the other end of the third resistor is grounded;
the second pole pin of the first switch piece is connected with the input end of the bus, and the third pole pin is connected with the output end of the bus.
4. The overvoltage protection circuit structure of claim 3, wherein said overvoltage protection circuit further comprises a voltage regulator;
one end of the voltage stabilizer is connected with a third pin of the first switch piece; and the other end of the voltage stabilizing piece is grounded.
5. The overvoltage protection circuit arrangement of claim 3, wherein said delay start circuit includes a charge capacitor and a discharge resistor;
one end of the charging capacitor is connected with the input end of the bus, and the other end of the charging capacitor is connected with the first pole tube foot of the first switch part;
the discharge resistor is connected in parallel with the charging capacitor.
6. The overvoltage protection circuit structure of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first switching element is a PMOS tube.
7. The overvoltage protection circuit structure of claim 2, wherein said first switching transistor is a PNP transistor.
8. An electrical apparatus, characterized in that it comprises an overvoltage protection circuit configuration as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221288081.6U CN217522573U (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Overvoltage protection circuit structure and electrical equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221288081.6U CN217522573U (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Overvoltage protection circuit structure and electrical equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN217522573U true CN217522573U (en) | 2022-09-30 |
Family
ID=83390326
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221288081.6U Active CN217522573U (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Overvoltage protection circuit structure and electrical equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN217522573U (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-05-27 CN CN202221288081.6U patent/CN217522573U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110912386B (en) | Active discharge circuit | |
| CN218387259U (en) | Dischargeable high-voltage DC power supply impact current suppression circuit | |
| CN116667301B (en) | High-compatibility impact current suppression circuit | |
| CN217215967U (en) | Surge protection circuit, power supply system and unmanned vehicle | |
| CN107979281B (en) | Input voltage division module and overvoltage protection switch | |
| CN113885636A (en) | Input voltage range adjustable protection circuit | |
| CN113690966A (en) | Switch circuit, battery management system, battery pack, electric equipment and control method | |
| CN112104219A (en) | Take power soft start circuit of hot plug function | |
| CN217522573U (en) | Overvoltage protection circuit structure and electrical equipment | |
| CN107425599B (en) | Surge protection circuit for power supply compensator | |
| CN115207876A (en) | Overvoltage protection circuit, method and power supply system | |
| CN114765361A (en) | Overvoltage protection drive circuit, motor drive circuit and vehicle | |
| CN111200355B (en) | Power-on buffer circuit | |
| CN111614062A (en) | Short-circuit protection circuit of multi-output power supply | |
| CN112242787A (en) | Simple impact current suppression circuit | |
| CN219107060U (en) | Protection circuit | |
| CN215601021U (en) | Overvoltage protection circuit | |
| CN110445360A (en) | Direct-current power supply charging circuit and direct-current power supply charging equipment | |
| CN111697807B (en) | Switching power supply circuit and converter | |
| CN212969440U (en) | Take power soft start circuit of hot plug function | |
| CN221177263U (en) | Automatic ultra-high direct-current voltage input protection device | |
| CN220122612U (en) | Voltage limiting protection circuit | |
| CN218603172U (en) | Protection circuit, auxiliary power supply and electronic equipment | |
| CN217656755U (en) | Power supply control circuit of battery heating member and energy storage equipment | |
| CN216751224U (en) | Standby energy storage power supply circuit and vehicle-mounted equipment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |