CN217512859U

CN217512859U - Three-dimensional printer

Info

Publication number: CN217512859U
Application number: CN202122589867.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张涛; 何永刚
Original assignee: Zhuhai Tianwei Additives Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhuhai Tianwei Additives Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-26
Filing date: 2021-10-26
Publication date: 2022-09-30
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-26

Abstract

The utility model provides a three-dimensional printer, including silk charging tray, clearance mechanism and beating printer head, the winding has three-dimensional shaping silk material on the silk charging tray, and three-dimensional shaping silk material includes the heart yearn and wraps up in the outer parcel layer of heart yearn, and clearance mechanism is used for getting rid of the parcel layer of three-dimensional shaping silk material, and the one end conveying of the heart yearn of three-dimensional shaping silk material is to beating in the printer head, beats printer head and is provided with heating device, and heating device is used for the heating to beat the heart yearn of printer head. The utility model discloses three-dimensional printer sets up the wiper mechanism who is used for getting rid of the parcel layer of three-dimensional shaping silk material for the parcel layer does not participate in printing to the shaping object in, aims at promoting FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality.

Description

Three-dimensional printer

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the three-dimensional forming technique and specifically relates to a three-dimensional printer is related to.

Background

Three-dimensional (3D) rapid prototyping (printing), also known as additive manufacturing, has the basic principle of producing three-dimensional objects by printing or laying down successive layers of material. Three-dimensional rapid prototyping devices or three-dimensional printers work by transforming a three-dimensional computer model of an object and producing a series of cross-sectional slices, then printing each slice, one on top of the other, to produce the final three-dimensional object.

The three-dimensional rapid prototyping method mainly comprises the following types: stereolithography or photocuring (SLA), Layered Object Manufacturing (LOM), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM).

At present, the FDM type three-dimensional printer (forming machine) is the most common in the market, and the three-dimensional printer has low production cost, convenient printing operation process and easy grasp for beginners. The main principle is to melt a linear filament such as PLA (polylactic acid) through a high temperature (typically in the range of 200 to 500 ℃) nozzle, and then extrude the molten material through the nozzle outlet by continuous extrusion of subsequent filaments, and then layer by layer the molten material on a printing platform to create a three-dimensional object. The Chinese patent application with the application number of CN201610270383.3 discloses an FDM three-dimensional printer capable of printing metal materials and a printing method, and particularly the FDM three-dimensional printer comprises a printing head, a heating device, a printing platform and a sintering forming chamber, the printing method comprises a primary forming step and a sintering step, the heating device carries out heating treatment on the three-dimensional printing metal materials, the heating temperature of the heating device is 50-300 ℃, an adhesive bonds metal powder at 50-300 ℃, so that the three-dimensional printing materials are extruded on the printing platform to form a primary cured object, and the primary cured object is sintered and cured into a formed object through the sintering step. Because the main components of the three-dimensional printing metal material are inorganic metal powder and a binder, the content of the inorganic metal powder in order to realize metal printing must be at least more than 60 percent. However, when the metal powder accounts for more than 60% by weight of the three-dimensional printing material, the three-dimensional printing material is easily brittle during the manufacturing process and the using process of the material, and the printing quality is easily affected by moisture.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at providing a three-dimensional inkjet printer aims at promoting FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality.

In order to realize the utility model discloses a main objective, the utility model provides a three-dimensional printer, including the silk charging tray, clearance mechanism and beat printer head, clearance mechanism sets up at the silk charging tray and beats between the printer head, and the winding has three-dimensional shaping silk material on the silk charging tray, and three-dimensional shaping silk material includes the heart yearn and wraps up the parcel layer outside the heart yearn, and clearance mechanism is used for getting rid of the parcel layer of three-dimensional shaping silk material, and the one end conveying of the heart yearn of three-dimensional shaping silk material is beaten printer head and is provided with heating device, and heating device is used for the heating to beat the heart yearn of printer head.

It is obvious by above scheme, through set up the clearance mechanism that is used for getting rid of the parcel layer of three-dimensional shaping silk material on the three-dimensional printer that adopts above-mentioned three-dimensional shaping silk material to print, can let the parcel layer not participate in printing to the shaping object in to reduce and handle the quality influence of parcel layer material to the shaping object, need not consider even the influence of parcel layer material to the shaping object, be favorable to promoting FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality.

The further scheme is that the clearing mechanism comprises two feeding wheels and two material receiving wheels, the two feeding wheels are rotatably arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional formed wire material, a cutting knife is arranged on the peripheral wall of each feeding wheel, the cutting knife cuts the wrapping layer in the conveying direction of the three-dimensional formed wire material to form a first material layer and a second material layer, the two material receiving wheels are rotatably arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional formed wire material, and the first material layer and the second material layer are respectively wound on the two material receiving wheels.

It can be seen by above scheme, when beating printer head conveying with three-dimensional shaping silk material orientation along with two feeding wheel synchronous rotations, the cutting knife on two feeding wheels cuts open the parcel layer in the direction of delivery of three-dimensional shaping silk material and forms first bed of material and second bed of material to it collects first bed of material and second bed of material respectively to rotate along with two receipts material wheels, makes the heart yearn conveying of three-dimensional shaping silk material beat printer head in, later beat printer head on heating device heat the melting back successive layer shaping object to the heart yearn of printer head, thereby promote FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality.

According to a further scheme, the cleaning mechanism comprises two cleaning wheels, the two cleaning wheels are rotatably and symmetrically arranged relative to the three-dimensional forming silk material, a hairbrush is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of each cleaning wheel, and the hairbrush is abutted against the wrapping layer and brushes the wrapping layer.

According to the scheme, the brush is synchronously driven by the rotation of the cleaning wheel to remove the coating layer of the three-dimensional forming wire material, the core wire of the three-dimensional forming wire material after the coating layer is removed is conveyed into the printing head, and then the heating device on the printing head heats and melts the core wire in the printing head and forms an object layer by layer, so that the three-dimensional printing quality of FDM metal is improved.

In a further aspect, the wrapping layer is a thermoplastic film.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the three-dimensional forming wire material of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the preparation method of the three-dimensional forming silk material of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a structural view of a first embodiment of a removing mechanism in an embodiment of the three-dimensional printer according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural view of a feeding wheel of the first embodiment of the removing mechanism in the embodiment of the three-dimensional printer of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a front view of a feed wheel of a first embodiment of a clearing mechanism in an embodiment of the three-dimensional printer of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a structural view of a second embodiment of a removing mechanism in an example of a three-dimensional printer according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the three-dimensional molding method of the present invention.

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples.

Detailed Description

Three-dimensional forming wire material example:

referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a three-dimensional forming wire material 1, which comprises a core wire 11 and a coating layer 12 coated outside the core wire 11, wherein the core wire 11 comprises metal powder, a binder, a dispersant and a flexibility enhancer, and the weight percentage of the metal powder in the core wire 11 is more than 60%. Through the periphery cladding parcel layer 12 at metal core 11, in the transportation, store, in the use, the metal core 11 of three-dimensional shaping silk material 1 is in all the time by the sealed parcel state of parcel layer 12, thereby avoid metal core 11 to wet, make the metal powder that is located parcel 12 keep dry, the problem that current metal powder wire rod wets easily has been solved, guarantee the printing quality of three-dimensional shaping silk material 1, and then promote FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality, the pliability of the 1 whole silk thread of this embodiment three-dimensional shaping silk material is good simultaneously, thereby the easy brittle failure's of current metal powder wire rod in material manufacturing process and use problem has been solved. In addition, the three-dimensional forming wire material 1 of the embodiment is easy to be wound into a coil for packaging, and meanwhile, the outer periphery of the metal core wire 11 is coated with the wrapping layer 12, so that the metal powder content of the metal core wire 11 can be further improved, the treatment of the formed object is more facilitated, and the structural strength of the formed object can be enhanced.

The metal powder in this embodiment is at least one of bronze, a cobalt-based alloy, a copper-based alloy, a gold-based alloy, a nickel-based alloy, stainless steel, iron, lead and a zinc alloy, the binder is at least one of a polyformaldehyde binder, a polyethylene glycol binder, a polymethyl methacrylate binder, a polyethylene oxide binder, a resin wax, a photo-curing wax and a photo-curing UV material, the dispersant is at least one of polyamide, polyformaldehyde, polypropylene, polyethylene, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyacrylate, and the flexibility enhancer is at least one of a mixture of dioctyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate.

In addition, the wrapping layer 12 of the present embodiment is a thermoplastic film, and the thermoplastic film is at least one of Polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The thickness of the wrapping layer 12 in this embodiment is less than 0.2 mm, and the wrapping layer 12 can be performed under the vacuum drying environmental condition in the process of wrapping the outer periphery of the metal core wire 11, so as to further improve the drying property of the three-dimensional formed filament material 1. In the length direction of the three-dimensional formed wire 1, the length of the core wire 11 can be equal to the length of the wrapping layer 12, or the length of the wrapping layer 12 is greater than the length of the core wire 11, and the wrapping layer 12 extending out of the core wire 11 is provided with a pre-opening, so that the three-dimensional formed wire 1 can be installed more quickly.

The preparation method of the three-dimensional forming silk material comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 2, the method for preparing the three-dimensional formed filament material of the present embodiment is used for preparing the three-dimensional formed filament material 1, and the preparation method comprises:

a step S1 of extruding the material constituting the core wire 11 through an extruder into a core wire 11 of a prescribed diameter;

step S2, coating a wrapping layer 12 on the periphery of the core wire 11 by a wrapping technology to form a three-dimensional forming filament material 1 while the core wire 11 is extruded from the extruder;

and step S3, winding the three-dimensional forming silk material 1 into a coil.

Three-dimensional printer embodiment:

the embodiment discloses a three-dimensional printer adopting the three-dimensional forming silk material 1 to print, which comprises a silk material disc (not marked), a removing mechanism and a printing head 2, wherein the removing mechanism is arranged between the silk material disc and the printing head 2, the silk material disc is wound with the three-dimensional forming silk material 1, and the three-dimensional forming silk material 1 is the three-dimensional forming silk material 1 of the embodiment. The clearing mechanism is used for removing the wrapping layer 12 of the three-dimensional forming silk material 1, one end of the core wire 11 of the three-dimensional forming silk material 1 is conveyed into the printing head 2, the printing head 2 is provided with a heating device (not marked), and the heating device is used for heating the core wire 11 in the printing head 2. Through set up the clearance mechanism that is used for getting rid of three-dimensional forming silk material 1's parcel layer 12 on the three-dimensional printer who prints adopting above-mentioned three-dimensional forming silk material 1, can let parcel layer 12 not participate in printing to the shaping object in to reduce and handle the quality influence of parcel layer 12 material to the shaping object, need not consider the influence of parcel layer 12 material to the shaping object even, be favorable to promoting FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the first embodiment of the removing mechanism includes two feeding wheels 31 and two material receiving wheels 32, the two feeding wheels 31 are rotatably and symmetrically disposed about the three-dimensionally formed filament 1, a cutting knife 311 is disposed on an outer peripheral wall of each feeding wheel 31, the cutting knife 311 cuts the wrapping layer 12 in a conveying direction of the three-dimensionally formed filament 1 to form a first material layer 121 and a second material layer 122, the two material receiving wheels 32 are rotatably and symmetrically disposed about the three-dimensionally formed filament 1, and the first material layer 121 and the second material layer 122 are respectively wound on the two material receiving wheels 32. When two feeding wheels 31 synchronously rotate to convey the three-dimensional forming wire material 1 towards the printing head 2, the cutting knife 311 on the two feeding wheels 31 cuts the wrapping layer 12 in the conveying direction of the three-dimensional forming wire material 1 to form a first material layer 121 and a second material layer 122, and the two material receiving wheels 32 rotate to respectively collect the first material layer 121 and the second material layer 122, so that the core wires 11 of the three-dimensional forming wire material 1 are conveyed into the printing head 2, and then the heating device on the printing head 2 heats and melts the core wires 11 in the printing head 2 to form an object layer by layer, thereby improving the three-dimensional printing quality of FDM metal.

Specifically, the number of the cutting knives 311 on the feeding wheel 31 of the removing mechanism of the first embodiment is multiple, the cutting knives 311 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the feeding wheel 31, each cutting knife 311 extends outwards in the radial direction of the feeding wheel 31 in a cylindrical shape, and one end of each cutting knife 311 far away from the feeding wheel 31 is provided with a conical cutting head 312, and the conical cutting head 312 can cut the wrapping layer 12. In addition, the cutting blade 311 may be provided on the outer peripheral wall of the feed wheel 31 in a disc shape.

The removing mechanism of the first embodiment is suitable for removing the wrapping layer 12 with a relatively thick thickness, such as the wrapping layer 12 made of Polyethylene (PE) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and the relatively thick wrapping layer 12 is easily stretched into a roll for collection after being cut by the removing mechanism.

Referring to fig. 6, a second embodiment of the removing mechanism comprises two cleaning wheels 41, the two cleaning wheels 41 are rotatably and symmetrically arranged about the three-dimensional formed silk material 1, the peripheral wall of each cleaning wheel 41 is provided with a brush 411, and the brush 411 abuts on the wrapping layer 12 and brushes the wrapping layer 12. The second embodiment of the clearing mechanism is that the rotating of the cleaning wheel 41 synchronously drives the hairbrush 411 to remove the wrapping layer 12 of the three-dimensional forming silk material 1, the core wire 11 of the three-dimensional forming silk material 1 after the wrapping layer 12 is removed is conveyed into the printing head 2 through the feeding wheel, and then the heating device on the printing head 2 heats and melts the core wire 11 in the printing head 2 and forms an object layer by layer, so that the FDM metal three-dimensional printing quality is improved, and the clearing mechanism is suitable for the wrapping layer 12 with a small thickness. In addition, for the removing effect, the brush 411 may be provided with a diluent for facilitating the removal of the material of the wrapping layer 12, for example, when the wrapping layer 12 is made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), the wrapping layer 12 may be more easily separated from the metal core wire 11 by wetting the brush 411.

The embodiment of the three-dimensional forming method comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 7, the three-dimensional forming method of the present embodiment adopts the three-dimensional printer, and the three-dimensional forming method includes:

step S10, mounting the three-dimensional forming silk material 1 on a silk material disc of the three-dimensional printer;

step S20, removing the wrapping layer 12 of the three-dimensional formed silk material 1 by the removing mechanism of the three-dimensional printer;

step S30, one end of the core wire 11 of the three-dimensional molded filament material 1 from which the covering layer 12 is removed is conveyed into the printing head 2 of the three-dimensional printer;

step S40, the heating device of the print head 2 heats and melts the core wire 11 in the print head 2 and forms the object layer by layer;

and step S50, sintering and forming the object formed in the step S40 to form a product.

Above embodiment is the preferred example of the utility model, and not the restriction the utility model discloses the range of implementing, the event all according to the utility model discloses the equivalent change or the decoration that structure, characteristic and principle were done of application for patent scope all should be included in the utility model discloses the patent application scope.

Claims

1. The three-dimensional printer is characterized by comprising a wire tray, a clearing mechanism and a printing head, wherein the clearing mechanism is arranged between the wire tray and the printing head, a three-dimensional forming wire material is wound on the wire tray, and the three-dimensional forming wire material comprises a core wire and a wrapping layer wrapping the core wire;

the cleaning mechanism is used for removing the wrapping layer of the three-dimensional forming silk material, one end of a core wire of the three-dimensional forming silk material is conveyed into the printing head, the printing head is provided with a heating device, and the heating device is used for heating the core wire in the printing head.

2. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the clearing mechanism comprises two feeding wheels and two material receiving wheels, the two feeding wheels are rotatably and symmetrically arranged relative to the three-dimensional formed silk material, the peripheral wall of each feeding wheel is provided with a cutting knife, and the cutting knife cuts the wrapping layer in the conveying direction of the three-dimensional formed silk material to form a first material layer and a second material layer;

the two material receiving wheels are rotationally and symmetrically arranged relative to the three-dimensional forming silk material, and the first material layer and the second material layer are respectively wound on the two material receiving wheels.

3. The three-dimensional printer according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the clearing mechanism comprises two cleaning wheels, the two cleaning wheels are rotationally arranged symmetrically about the three-dimensional formed silk material, each peripheral wall of each cleaning wheel is provided with a brush, and the brush is abutted against the wrapping layer and brushes the wrapping layer.

4. The three-dimensional printer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

the wrapping layer is a thermoplastic film.