CN217508620U - Five-level grid-connected inverter structure, inverter and photovoltaic power system - Google Patents
Five-level grid-connected inverter structure, inverter and photovoltaic power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217508620U CN217508620U CN202221432822.3U CN202221432822U CN217508620U CN 217508620 U CN217508620 U CN 217508620U CN 202221432822 U CN202221432822 U CN 202221432822U CN 217508620 U CN217508620 U CN 217508620U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a five level contravariant structures that are incorporated into power networks, dc-to-ac converter and photovoltaic electrical power generating system belong to inverter circuit topology field. The inverter circuit comprises a direct current source, an inverter network, an alternating current filter and an external alternating current source, wherein the positive electrode of the direct current source is connected with the input end of the inverter network, the output end of the inverter network is connected with the input end of the alternating current filter, the output end of the alternating current filter is connected with one end of the external alternating current source, the other end of the external alternating current source is grounded, the negative electrode of the direct current source, the grounding end of the inverter network and the grounding end of the alternating current filter network are all grounded, and a driving signal of a power switch tube of the single-phase common-ground five-level inverter circuit is generated by comparing a modulation wave with a carrier wave. The utility model discloses inverter circuit has that differential mode voltage harmonic content is low, can eliminate characteristics such as leakage current completely, is applicable to the non-isolated form photovoltaic of well miniwatt and is incorporated into the power networks inverter system and use.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an inverter circuit topology field, concretely relates to five level contravariant structures, dc-to-ac converter and photovoltaic electrical power generating system that are incorporated into the power networks.
Background
Solar energy is a very important component of clean renewable energy, and distributed photovoltaic power generation plays an increasingly important role as an important component of the power grid. However, a large parasitic capacitance exists between the photovoltaic panel and the ground, and the generated common mode leakage current is large, so that not only can the system efficiency be reduced, but also the safety of personnel and equipment can be influenced. The neutral point of the power grid is directly connected to the common ground structure of the anode or the cathode of the input voltage, so that the parasitic capacitance can be short-circuited, and the leakage current can be completely eliminated. The output voltage of the photovoltaic panel needs to be matched with the peak voltage of the power grid through an inverter circuit; in addition, improving the quality of electric power by increasing the number of output voltage levels has become another main measure of the non-isolated inverter circuit, which facilitates the integration of a smaller-sized ac filter. Therefore, the voltage reduction characteristic of the output voltage of the inverter circuit and the generated leakage current are two main defects of the current non-isolated inverter circuit. In addition, when the output voltage of the inverter circuit is at three levels, a large ac filter needs to be configured to improve the power quality of the injected grid current.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Not enough to prior art, the utility model provides a five level contravariant structures, dc-to-ac converter and photovoltaic electrical power generating system that are incorporated into the power networks.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical proposal:
a five-level grid-connected inverter structure is characterized by comprising: an inverter network and an AC filter;
the input end of the inverter network is connected with the anode of the direct current source; the output end of the inverter network is connected with the input end of the alternating current filter; the output end of the alternating current filter is connected with one end of an external alternating current source, and the other end of the external alternating current source is grounded; the negative electrode of the direct current source, the grounding end of the inversion network and the grounding end of the alternating current filter are all grounded;
the inverter network comprises a first power switch tube, a second power switch tube, a third power switch tube, a fourth power switch tube, a fifth power switch tube, a sixth power switch tube, a seventh power switch tube, an eighth power switch tube, a ninth power switch tube, a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
the drain electrode of the first power switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second power switch tube; the source electrode of the first power switch tube and the drain electrode of the fifth power switch tube are connected with the anode of the first capacitor; the source electrode of the second power switch tube, the drain electrode of the third power switch tube and the source electrode of the fourth power switch tube are connected with the cathode of the first capacitor;
the source electrode of the fifth power switching tube and the drain electrode of the sixth power switching tube are connected with the drain electrode of the seventh power switching tube; the drain electrode of the fourth power switch tube is connected with the anode of the second capacitor; the source electrode of the eighth power switch tube and the ninth power switch tube are connected with the negative electrode of the second capacitor; the source electrode of the sixth power switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the eighth power switch tube;
the drain electrode of the first power switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current source as the input end of the inverter network; the source electrode of the sixth power switch tube and the drain electrode of the eighth power switch tube are both output ends of the inverter network; and the source electrode of the third power switch tube, the source electrode of the seventh power switch tube and the drain electrode of the ninth power switch tube are all grounded ends of an inverter network and are connected with the negative electrode of a direct current source.
Further, the second power switch tube, the fourth power switch tube, the fifth power switch tube, the sixth power switch tube, the seventh power switch tube, the eighth power switch tube and the ninth power switch tube are all composed of a power transistor and a parallel-reverse diode, a drain electrode or a collector electrode of the power transistor is connected with a cathode of the parallel-reverse diode to form a drain electrode of the power switch tube, and a source electrode or an emitter electrode of the power transistor is connected with an anode of the parallel-reverse diode to form a source electrode of the power switch tube.
Furthermore, the first power switch tube and the third power switch tube are in a series structure that the source electrode of the power switch tube without a reverse diode or the source electrode of the power switch tube with the reverse diode is connected with the anode electrode of the power switch tube.
Further, the ac filter includes a filter inductor and a filter capacitor, one end of the filter inductor is an input end of the ac filter network, the other end of the filter inductor is connected to an anode of the filter capacitor, a connection point between the filter inductor and the filter capacitor is an output end of the ac filter, and a cathode of the filter capacitor is a ground end of the ac filter.
Furthermore, the driving signal of the power switch tube of the inverter network is generated by modulating a modulation wave and a high-frequency carrier wave, wherein the modulation wave is at 50Hz power frequency, and the frequency of the carrier wave is 100 kHz.
Further, the five-level grid-connected inverter structure comprises the following working modes:
the first mode is as follows: the output voltage of the inverter network is equal to the direct current source, and the first power switch tube, the third power switch tube, the fifth power switch tube and the sixth power switch tube are switched on; the second power switch tube, the fourth power switch tube, the seventh power switch tube, the eighth power switch tube and the ninth power switch tube are disconnected;
mode two: the output voltage of the inverter network is equal to twice of the direct current source, and the second power switch tube, the fourth power switch tube, the fifth power switch tube, the sixth power switch tube and the ninth power switch tube are switched on; the first power switch tube, the third power switch tube, the seventh power switch tube and the eighth power switch tube are disconnected;
mode three: the output voltage of the inverter network is equal to 0, and the first power switch tube, the third power switch tube, the eighth power switch tube and the ninth power switch tube are switched on; the second power switch tube, the fourth power switch tube, the fifth power switch tube, the sixth power switch tube and the seventh power switch tube are disconnected;
the fourth mode is as follows: the output voltage of the inverter network is equal to 0; the second power switch tube, the fourth power switch tube, the eighth power switch tube and the ninth power switch tube are switched on; the first power switch tube, the third power switch tube, the fifth power switch tube, the sixth power switch tube and the seventh power switch tube are disconnected;
a fifth mode: the output voltage of the inverter network is equal to minus one time of the direct current source; the first power switch tube, the third power switch tube, the fourth power switch tube and the eighth power switch tube are switched on; the second power switch tube, the fifth power switch tube, the sixth power switch tube, the seventh power switch tube and the ninth power switch tube are disconnected;
a sixth mode: the output voltage of the inversion network is equal to twice of the direct current source; the fourth power switch tube, the fifth power switch tube, the seventh power switch tube and the eighth power switch tube are switched on; the first power switch tube, the second power switch tube, the third power switch tube, the sixth power switch tube and the ninth power switch tube are disconnected.
The utility model also provides an inverter, include as above-mentioned arbitrary five level contravariant structures that are incorporated into the power networks.
The utility model also provides a photovoltaic power supply system, include:
an optoelectronic device as a dc power supply for outputting a dc voltage;
an alternating current distribution network;
the inverter as described above, an input end of the inverter is connected to the photovoltaic device, an output end of the inverter is connected to the ac distribution network, and the inverter is configured to convert the dc voltage into an ac voltage and output the ac voltage to the ac distribution network.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses inverter circuit makes the voltage on the parasitic capacitance between photovoltaic board and the ground be clamped at 0 through the type structure altogether, can eliminate the leakage current in the non-isolated form contravariant system that is incorporated into the power networks completely; the utility model can output five-level voltage, reduce the volume of the AC filter, and realize the voltage boosting function; the utility model discloses inverter circuit has the ability to carry reactive power to the electric wire netting, is applicable to the application of well miniwatt non-isolated form photovoltaic grid-connected inverter system.
Drawings
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an inverter circuit of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the driving signal of the power switch tube of the inverter circuit of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the inverter circuit mode of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a mode two of the inverter circuit of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the inverter circuit mode of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the inverter circuit mode four of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the mode five of the inverter circuit of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a six-mode schematic diagram of the inverter circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 9 shows a V of the inverter circuit of the present invention in And v ab A waveform diagram of (a);
fig. 10 is a waveform of a capacitor voltage of the inverter circuit of the present invention;
fig. 11 is an operation waveform of the inverter circuit of the present invention in a unit power factor;
fig. 12 is an operation waveform of the inverter circuit according to the present invention when the grid-incoming current is advanced under the non-unity power factor;
fig. 13 is an operation waveform of the inverter circuit when the grid-incoming current lags in the non-unit power factor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "open hole", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around", and the like, indicate positional or positional relationships, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
A single-phase common-ground five-level inverter circuit comprises a DC source, an inverter network, an AC filter and an external AC source, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein the positive pole of the DC source is connected with the input end of the inverter network, the output end of the inverter network is connected with the input end of the AC filter, and the output end of the AC filterOne end of an external alternating current source is connected, the other end of the external alternating current source is grounded, the negative electrode of the direct current source, the grounding end of the inversion network and the grounding end of the alternating current filter are grounded, and the direct current source is a voltage V in The voltage across the external AC source is the grid voltage u g The current on the external AC source is the network-in current i g 。
The inverter network comprises a first power switch tube S 1 A second power switch tube S 2 The third power switch tube S 3 Fourth power switch tube S 4 The fifth power switch tube S 5 Sixth power switch tube S 6 Seventh power switch tube S 7 The eighth power switch tube S 8 The ninth power switch tube S 9 A first capacitor C 1 A second capacitor C 2 。
Second power switch tube S 2 The fourth power switch tube S 4 The fifth power switch tube S 5 Sixth power switch tube S 6 Seventh power switch tube S 7 The eighth power switch tube S 8 The ninth power switch tube S 9 The power transistor is composed of a power transistor and a reverse parallel diode, a drain electrode or a collector electrode of the power transistor is connected with a cathode of the reverse parallel diode to form a drain electrode of the power switch tube, and a source electrode or an emitter electrode of the power transistor is connected with an anode of the reverse parallel diode to form a source electrode of the power switch tube.
First power switch tube S 1 And a third power switch tube S 3 The power switch tube without the anti-parallel diode or the series structure of the source electrode of the power switch tube with the anti-parallel diode and the anode of the power switch tube is adopted.
First power switch tube S 1 And the second power switch tube S 2 Is connected with the drain electrode of the first power switch tube S 1 Source electrode of the fifth power switch tube S 5 Drain electrode of and the first capacitor C 1 Is connected with the anode of the second power switch tube S 2 Source electrode of the first power switch tube S 3 Drain electrode of (1), fourth power switch tube S 4 Source electrode of and the first capacitor C 1 The negative electrodes are connected;
fifth power switch tube S 5 Source electrode of, sixth power switch tube S 6 Drain electrode of and seventh power switch tube S 7 Is connected with the drain of the fourth power switch tube S 4 Drain electrode of and the second capacitor C 2 Is connected with the positive pole of the eighth power switch tube S 8 Source electrode of, ninth power switch tube S 9 And a second capacitor C 2 Is connected with the negative pole of the sixth power switch tube S 6 Source electrode of and eighth power switch tube S 8 The drain electrodes of the two electrodes are connected;
first power switch tube S 1 The drain electrode of the inverter network is an input end of the inverter network and a direct current source V in The positive electrodes of the six power switch tubes S are connected 6 Source electrode of, the eighth power switch tube S 8 The drain electrodes of the first and second power switch tubes S are output ends of an inverter network 3 Source electrode of, seventh power switch tube S 7 Source electrode of and ninth power switch tube S 9 The drain electrode of the inverter is the grounding end of the inverter network and the direct current source V in The negative electrodes are connected.
The AC filter comprises a filter inductor L f And a filter capacitor C f Filter inductance L f One end of the filter is an input end of an alternating current filter network, and the other end of the filter is connected with a filter capacitor C f Is connected with the positive pole of the filter inductor L f And a filter capacitor C f Is connected to the output of the AC filter, a filter capacitor C f The negative pole of (2) is the grounding end of the alternating current filter.
The power switch tube driving signal of the single-phase common-ground five-level inverter circuit is composed of a modulation wave u m And a carrier v tri Comparing the generated, modulated wave u m The power frequency is 50 Hz; carrier v tri Is 100 kHz; the two are modulated to generate a driving signal to control the switching mode of the power switching tube so as to complete the state switching of the inverter network and realize the energy exchange between the direct current source and an external alternating current source;
the utility model discloses inverter circuit includes mode one, mode two, mode three, mode four, mode five and mode six at the working mode of switching frequency scale, as shown in fig. 2, mode one is t 3 -t 4 Working mode of time interval, the mode two is t 4 -t 5 Working mode of time interval, the mode three is t 1 -t 2 The unit power factor working mode of the time interval, the mode four is t 6 -t 7 Working mode of time interval, the mode five is t 8 -t 9 Unit power factor working mode of time interval, the six modes are t 9 -t 10 Unit power factor mode of operation of the time period.
The output voltage of the inversion network of mode one is equal to the DC source as V in As shown in fig. 3, the first power switch tube S 1 The third power switch tube S 3 The fifth power switch tube S 5 And a sixth power switch tube S 6 On, second power switch tube S 2 Fourth power switch tube S 4 Seventh power switch tube S 7 The eighth power switch tube S 8 And a ninth power switch tube S 9 Breaking, network-in current i g The flow can be bidirectional.
The output voltage of the inversion network of the second mode is twice that of the DC source of 2V in As shown in fig. 4, the second power switch tube S 2 The fourth power switch tube S 4 The fifth power switch tube S 5 Sixth power switch tube S 6 And a ninth power switch tube S 9 Switching on, the first power switch tube S 1 The third power switch tube S 3 Seventh power switch tube S 7 And an eighth power switch tube S 8 Breaking, network-in current i g Can flow in both directions.
The output voltage of the inversion network in the third mode is equal to 0, and is a follow current mode of the positive half cycle of the power grid as shown in fig. 5, and the first power switching tube S 1 The third power switch tube S 3 The eighth power switch tube S 8 And a ninth power switch tube S 9 A second power switch tube S 2 Fourth power switch tube S 4 The fifth power switch tube S 5 Sixth power switch tube S 6 And a seventh power switch tube S 7 Breaking, network-in current i g Can flow in both directions.
The output voltage of the inversion network of mode four is equal to 0, as shown in fig. 6, which is a follow current mode of the negative half cycle of the power grid, i.e., the second modeTwo power switch tube S 2 The fourth power switch tube S 4 The eighth power switch tube S 8 And a ninth power switch tube S 9 Switching on, the first power switch tube S 1 The third power switch tube S 3 The fifth power switch tube S 5 Sixth power switch tube S 6 And a seventh power switch tube S 7 Breaking, network-in current i g Can flow in both directions.
The output voltage of the inversion network with the fifth mode is minus one time, and the direct current source is-V in As shown in fig. 7, the first power switch tube S 1 The third power switch tube S 3 The fourth power switch tube S 4 And an eighth power switch tube S 8 On, second power switch tube S 2 The fifth power switch tube S 5 Sixth power switch tube S 6 Seventh power switch tube S 7 And a ninth power switch tube S 9 Breaking, network-in current i g Can flow in two directions;
the output voltage of the inversion network with the sixth mode is equal to two times of that of a DC source with the voltage of-2V in As shown in fig. 8, the fourth power switch tube S 4 The fifth power switch tube S 5 Seventh power switch tube S 7 And an eighth power switch tube S 8 Switching on, the first power switch tube S 1 A second power switch tube S 2 The third power switch tube S 3 Sixth power switch tube S 6 And a ninth power switch tube S 9 Breaking, network-in current i g Can flow in two directions;
when all the power switch tubes work according to the driving signals, the inverter network continuously switches among the five output levels, and energy exchange between input direct-current voltage and external alternating current is achieved.
The utility model discloses the operation waveform when inverter circuit is in five level output, is V as shown in fig. 9 dc And v ab In the waveform diagram of (1), the input voltage (200V in the figure) is lower than the peak value of the output five-level voltage (400V in the figure), so that the inverter circuit can realize the boosting function.
The utility model discloses the waveform of capacitor voltage when inverter circuit is in five level output, as shown in FIG. 10, can see that capacitor voltage (200V in the legend) equals input voltage.
The utility model discloses unit power factor when inverter circuit is in five level output, advance the operation waveform when advancing the net electric current lag, as shown in fig. 11, fig. 12 and fig. 13, can know that single-phase five level inverter circuit has the ability to the electric wire netting transmission reactive power.
To sum up, the utility model discloses a five level inverter circuit of single-phase type altogether and on-off control strategy thereof makes the voltage on the parasitic capacitance between photovoltaic board and the ground clamped at 0V through type structure altogether, can eliminate the leakage current in the non-isolated form inverter system that is incorporated into the power networks completely, and five level voltage of output can reduce alternating current filter volume and electric wire netting current harmonic to realize the function of stepping up. The inverter circuit has the capability of transmitting reactive power to a power grid, and is suitable for application of medium-small power non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter systems.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that the foregoing embodiments and descriptions are provided only to illustrate the principles of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A five-level grid-connected inverter structure is characterized by comprising: an inverter network and an alternating current filter;
the input end of the inverter network is connected with the anode of the direct current source; the output end of the inverter network is connected with the input end of the alternating current filter; the output end of the alternating current filter is connected with one end of an external alternating current source, and the other end of the external alternating current source is grounded; the negative electrode of the direct current source, the grounding end of the inversion network and the grounding end of the alternating current filter are all grounded;
the inverter network comprises a first power switch tube, a second power switch tube, a third power switch tube, a fourth power switch tube, a fifth power switch tube, a sixth power switch tube, a seventh power switch tube, an eighth power switch tube, a ninth power switch tube, a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
the drain electrode of the first power switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second power switch tube; the source electrode of the first power switch tube and the drain electrode of the fifth power switch tube are connected with the anode of the first capacitor; the source electrode of the second power switch tube, the drain electrode of the third power switch tube and the source electrode of the fourth power switch tube are connected with the cathode of the first capacitor;
the source electrode of the fifth power switching tube and the drain electrode of the sixth power switching tube are connected with the drain electrode of the seventh power switching tube; the drain electrode of the fourth power switch tube is connected with the anode of the second capacitor; the source electrode of the eighth power switch tube and the ninth power switch tube are connected with the negative electrode of the second capacitor; the source electrode of the sixth power switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the eighth power switch tube;
the drain electrode of the first power switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current source as the input end of the inverter network; the source electrode of the sixth power switch tube and the drain electrode of the eighth power switch tube are both output ends of the inverter network; and the source electrode of the third power switch tube, the source electrode of the seventh power switch tube and the drain electrode of the ninth power switch tube are all grounded ends of an inverter network and are connected with the negative electrode of a direct current source.
2. The five-level grid-connected inverter structure according to claim 1, wherein the second power switch tube, the fourth power switch tube, the fifth power switch tube, the sixth power switch tube, the seventh power switch tube, the eighth power switch tube, and the ninth power switch tube are all composed of a power transistor and a nand diode, a drain or a collector of the power transistor is connected to a cathode of the nand diode to form a drain of the power switch tube, and a source or an emitter of the power transistor is connected to an anode of the nand diode to form a source of the power switch tube.
3. The five-level grid-connected inverter structure according to claim 1, wherein the first power switch tube and the third power switch tube are in a series structure in which a source of the power switch tube without a merged diode or a source of the power switch tube with a merged diode is connected to an anode of the power switch tube.
4. The five-level grid-connected inverter structure according to claim 1, wherein the ac filter includes a filter inductor and a filter capacitor, one end of the filter inductor is an input end of an ac filter network, the other end of the filter inductor is connected to an anode of the filter capacitor, a connection point of the filter inductor and the filter capacitor is an output end of the ac filter, and a cathode of the filter capacitor is a ground end of the ac filter.
5. The five-level grid-connected inverter structure according to claim 1, wherein the driving signal of the power switch tube of the inverter network is generated by modulating a modulation wave and a high-frequency carrier wave, the modulation wave is at a power frequency of 50Hz, and the frequency of the carrier wave is 100 kHz.
6. An inverter comprising the five-level grid-connected inverter structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A photovoltaic power system, comprising:
an optoelectronic device as a dc power supply for outputting a dc voltage;
an alternating current distribution network;
the inverter of claim 6, wherein the input of the inverter is connected to the photovoltaic device, the output of the inverter is connected to the ac power distribution network, and the inverter is configured to convert the dc voltage into an ac voltage and output the ac voltage to the ac power distribution network.
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| CN202221432822.3U CN217508620U (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Five-level grid-connected inverter structure, inverter and photovoltaic power system |
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| CN202221432822.3U CN217508620U (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Five-level grid-connected inverter structure, inverter and photovoltaic power system |
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