CN217473128U - Multistage and multi-source injection bag type dust removal and desulfurization system - Google Patents

Multistage and multi-source injection bag type dust removal and desulfurization system Download PDF

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CN217473128U
CN217473128U CN202220486247.9U CN202220486247U CN217473128U CN 217473128 U CN217473128 U CN 217473128U CN 202220486247 U CN202220486247 U CN 202220486247U CN 217473128 U CN217473128 U CN 217473128U
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clean room
tertiary
injection chamber
grade
stage
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桂本
胡玉清
戴慧
谭业贵
张海涛
彭昕
姜黎
汪立
陈晨
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Three Gorges Intelligent Engineering Co ltd
China Power Engineering Consultant Group Central Southern China Electric Power Design Institute Corp
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Three Gorges Intelligent Engineering Co ltd
China Power Engineering Consultant Group Central Southern China Electric Power Design Institute Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a multistage, multisource sprays bag-type dust removal desulfurization system relates to technical field such as energy, chemical industry, environmental protection. It includes one-level mixing injection chamber, one-level clean room, second grade mixing injection chamber, second grade clean room, tertiary mixing injection chamber and tertiary clean room, all is provided with the three-phase mixing nozzle in one-level mixing injection chamber, second grade mixing injection chamber and the tertiary mixing injection chamber, and one-level mixing injection chamber, one-level clean room, second grade mixing injection chamber, second grade clean room, tertiary mixing injection chamber and tertiary clean room all are provided with the ash bucket. The utility model discloses in based on physical adsorption's principle, increased SO through the mode of spraying leavening agent or porous alkaline agent 3 The specific surface area of the catalyst reacting with the smoke dust effectively enhances the smoke dust, the alkaline adsorbent and the SO 3 The efficiency of the reflection of (c).

Description

Multistage and multi-source injection bag type dust removal and desulfurization system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of energy, chemical industry, environmental protection, etc., more specifically it is a multistage, multisource injection bag-type dust removal desulfurization system that says so.
Background
Particulate Matter (PM), Sulfur Oxide (SO) 2 、SO 3 ) Nitrogen oxides (NO, NO) 2 ) Is a main pollutant discharged by a coal-fired power plant, wherein SO 2 、NO X And particulate matter has been under supervision, SO 3 The pollutant which is not large in total amount of emission but easy to cause serious harm is also gradually valued by regulatory departments.
SO 3 As harmful atmospheric pollutants, the pollutants are important precursor substances and molecular components of condensable particles, the monitoring and control of the pollutants are not paid due attention, and related emission is not listed in the existing national standard. For the environment, SO 3 Submicron aerosol is easily formed after passing through the desulfurizing tower, so that part of the exhaust smoke of the power plant is yellow or blue; the sulfuric acid aerosol can damage buildings and vegetations after condensation and sedimentation, and even cause irreversible damage to mucosa and lung structures of human respiratory tracts. For plant operation S0 3 With NH in SCR systems 3 Ammonium sulfate and ammonium bisulfate are generated, which causes the blockage of the air preheater and the corrosion of metals by smoke. Ammonium sulfate and ammonium bisulfate can also deposit on the surface of the SCR catalyst, so that the catalyst is deactivated and blocked; further, S0 3 The existence of the air inlet and outlet device provides a great challenge for the normal operation of devices such as a flue, a flue gas cooler, a dust remover, an induced draft fan and the like.
SO discharged from coal-fired power plant 3 Mainly comes from two aspects: on the one hand, about 0.5% -1.5% of the sulfur content in the coal burning process is oxidized into SO 3 The generation amount is directly related to factors such as coal quality (sulfur content, volatile matters and the like) of coal fired in a power plant, boiler type, combustion working condition and the like, and SO generated when bituminous coal is combusted under the same condition 3 More than anthracite and lignite; on the other hand, in the SCR denitration process, under the action of the catalyst, about 1 percent of SO in the flue gas 2 Will be converted into SO 3 Actual SO 2 /SO 3 The conversion rate of the catalyst is related to various factors such as the active component content of the catalyst, the type of the catalyst, the number of catalyst layers, the flue gas condition and the like, and for the medium-high sulfur coal, the SO in the flue gas at the outlet of the denitration device 3 The concentration can reach 150mg/m 3 Even higher.
SO in flue gas 3 Mainly depends on a desulfurization system to remove SO 2 While removing SO 3 In power plants burning high-sulfur coal individually, basic oxides such as CaO are often injected into fluesMethod for neutralizing SO 3 However, the problems of expensive price of the alkaline adsorbent, increased dust specific resistance, influence on dust removal efficiency, high operation cost and the like always plague power generation manufacturers.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a multi-stage and multi-source spraying bag-type dust removal and desulfurization system.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing a multi-stage and multi-source spraying bag type dust removal and desulfurization system.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: the utility model provides a multistage, multisource sprays bag-type dust removal desulfurization system which characterized in that: including one-level mixing injection room, one-level clean room, second grade mixing injection room, second grade clean room, tertiary mixing injection room and the tertiary clean room that from left to right sets gradually, all be provided with multilayer three-phase mixing nozzle in one-level mixing injection room, second grade mixing injection room and the tertiary mixing injection room, one-level clean room, second grade mixing injection room, second grade clean room, tertiary mixing injection room and tertiary clean room bottom all are provided with the ash bucket, alkali lye storage tank and fluffy agent storage tank all are connected with three-phase mixing nozzle top.
In the technical scheme, three layers of three-phase mixing nozzles are sequentially arranged in the first-stage mixing injection chamber, the second-stage mixing injection chamber and the third-stage mixing injection chamber from top to bottom.
In the technical scheme, the three-phase mixing nozzles are inclined upwards when arranged, and the included angle between the three-phase mixing nozzles and the wall surface is 15-75 degrees and can be adjusted at any time.
In the technical scheme, the ash hopper is provided with an auxiliary heating facility, and the temperature of the auxiliary heating facility is controlled to be 40-70 ℃ and can be adjusted at any time.
In the above technical solution, the three-phase mixing nozzle may spray solid alkaline compound, solid leavening agent, alkaline solution, alkaline gas or alkaline gas-liquid-solid mixture.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:
1) the utility model discloses in based on physical adsorption's principle, increased SO through the mode of spraying leavening agent or porous alkaline agent 3 The specific surface area of the catalyst reacting with the smoke dust effectively enhances the smoke dust, the alkaline adsorbent and the SO 3 The efficiency of the reflection of (c).
2) The utility model discloses in based on H 2 O to SO 3 The catalytic action of the reaction is realized by arranging a spray chamber in front of each stage of bag-type dust removal chamber, SO that SO is fully utilized 3 And the synergistic removal effect of the smoke dust, and has the advantages of simple equipment, energy conservation of a system, low operation cost and the like.
3) The spraying material in the first-stage mixing spraying chamber of the utility model is mainly alkali liquor, the spraying material in the second-stage mixing spraying chamber is mainly solid alkaline compound, and the spraying material in the third-stage mixing spraying chamber is mainly leavening agent and porous alkaline compound; make SO 3 And H 2 The O and the smoke fully react in a grading way, and the SO is improved to the maximum extent 3 And smoke removal effect.
4) The utility model discloses spray nozzle all adopts the mode of offset on one side among the injection system at different levels, and fluid and smoke and dust whereabouts direction offset can make injection material and smoke and dust fully react, promote the desorption effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a layout of a three-phase mixing nozzle.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the prior art.
The device comprises a first-stage mixing injection chamber, a second-stage mixing injection chamber, a first-stage dust removal chamber, a third-stage mixing injection chamber, a first-stage dust removal chamber, a second-stage dust removal chamber, a third-stage mixing injection chamber, a third-stage dust removal chamber, a three-phase mixing nozzle, an ash hopper, an alkali liquor storage tank, a fluffing agent storage tank and a conventional alkali liquor injection inlet, wherein the first-stage mixing injection chamber is 1-a first-stage mixing injection chamber, the second-stage dust removal chamber is 2-a second-stage mixing injection chamber, the 4-a second-stage dust removal chamber, the 5-a third-stage mixing injection chamber, the 6-a third-stage dust removal chamber, the 71-a three-phase mixing nozzle, the ash hopper is 72-an ash bucket, the alkali liquor storage tank is 81-a fluffing agent storage tank, and the conventional alkali liquor injection inlet is 9-a conventional alkali liquor injection inlet.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be apparent and readily appreciated by the description.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: the utility model provides a multistage, multisource sprays bag-type dust removal desulfurization system which characterized in that: include the one-level mixed spray chamber 1, the one-level clean room 2, the second grade mixed spray chamber 3 that set gradually from left to right, second grade clean room 4, tertiary mixed spray chamber 5 and tertiary clean room 6, all be provided with multilayer three-phase mixed nozzle 71 in one-level mixed spray chamber 1, the second grade mixed spray chamber 3 and the tertiary mixed spray chamber 5, one-level mixed spray chamber 1, the one-level clean room 2, the second grade mixed spray chamber 3, the second grade clean room 4, tertiary mixed spray chamber 5 and the 6 bottoms of tertiary clean room all are provided with ash bucket 72, alkali lye storage tank 81 and fluffy agent storage tank 82 all are connected with three-phase mixed nozzle 71 top.
Three layers of three-phase mixing nozzles 71 are sequentially arranged in the first-stage mixing injection chamber 1, the second-stage mixing injection chamber 3 and the third-stage mixing injection chamber 5 from top to bottom.
The three-phase mixing nozzles 71 are all inclined upwards when arranged, the included angle between the three-phase mixing nozzles 71 and the wall surface is 15-75 degrees and can be adjusted at any time, the three-phase mixing nozzles 71 can spray solid alkaline compounds, solid leavening agents, alkaline solutions, alkaline gases or alkaline gas-liquid-solid mixtures, and the spraying substances and forms are dynamically selected according to process requirements.
The ash bucket 72 is made of stainless steel lining material and is provided with an auxiliary heating facility, and the temperature of the auxiliary heating facility is controlled to be 40-70 ℃ and can be adjusted at any time.
The three-phase mixing nozzle 71 may spray solid alkaline compounds, solid leavening agents, alkaline solutions, alkaline gases or alkaline gas-liquid-solid mixtures.
The use method of the multi-stage and multi-source spraying bag type dust removal and desulfurization system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: starting an auxiliary heating facility of the ash bucket 72 to raise the temperature of the ash bucket 72 to be more than 50 ℃;
and 2, step: when the thickness of the smoke dust on the cloth bag of the primary dust chamber 2 is more than 5mm, the three-phase mixing nozzle 71 in the primary mixing and spraying chamber 1 is opened, and the spraying substance in the primary mixing and spraying chamber 1 is alkali liquor;
and step 3: when the thickness of the smoke dust on the cloth bag of the secondary dust chamber 4 is more than 3mm, the three-phase mixing nozzle 71 in the secondary mixing and spraying chamber 3 is opened, and the spraying substance in the secondary mixing and spraying chamber 3 is a solid alkaline compound;
and 4, step 4: when the smoke concentration of the three-stage dust chamber 6 is more than 5mg/m 3 When the three-phase mixing nozzle 71 in the three-stage mixing spray chamber 5 is opened, the spray material in the three-stage mixing spray chamber 5 is leavening agent and solid alkaline compound;
and 5: stopping spraying when the thickness of the sprayed substance on the cloth bag 6 of the three-stage dust chamber is more than 5mm, and collecting residual smoke and SO 3 Free adsorption and accumulation;
and 6: when smoke dust and SO 3 And (4) starting purging systems in the first-stage dust removal chamber 2, the second-stage dust removal chamber 4 and the third-stage dust removal chamber 6 when the emission is about to exceed the corresponding standard, respectively controlling the purging frequency in the first-stage dust removal chamber 2, the second-stage dust removal chamber 4 and the third-stage dust removal chamber 6, wherein the purging frequency of the first-stage dust removal chamber is greater than that of the second-stage dust removal chamber is greater than that of the third-stage dust removal chamber, and repeating the steps 4-5 after the purging of the third-stage dust removal chamber is completed.
In actual use, the principle of the utility model is that SO is found in the running process of the whole year 3 Has synergistic reaction with smoke dust (mainly containing calcium and aluminum inorganic salts) in the flue gas, i.e. the smoke dust and SO can be reacted in the flue gas removing process 3 A series of physical and chemical reactions occur, thereby leading the environmental protection equipment to remove the dust and the SO at the same time 3 The specific mechanism is as follows:
1) physical adsorption reaction:
because the smoke dust has certain porosity and specific surface area, part of the smoke dust can remove SO in the smoke gas through intermolecular force 3 Adsorbing to a certain extent SO as to obtain SO 3 The smoke dust is removed along with the removal of the smoke dust.
2) Chemical adsorption reaction:
the main components of the smoke are inorganic carbonate or aluminosilicate, SO 3 Can be directly reacted with the calcium carbonate, and the reaction formula is as follows:
CaCo 3 +SO 3 ＝CaSO 4 +CO 2
however, in actual operationIt has further been found that SO increases as the humidity in the flue gas increases 3 The synergistic effect with the smoke dust is exponentially increased, and the research finds that the smoke H is the smoke H 2 When the content of O is moderately increased, SO 3 And H 2 Reaction of O to H 2 SO 4 Then, the reaction rate of the smoke dust is greatly accelerated, and the reaction formula is as follows:
SO 3 +H 2 O＝H 2 SO 4
CaCO 3 +H 2 SO 4 ＝CaSO 4 +CO 2 +H 2 O
in conclusion, there are 3 ways to promote SO 3 Interaction with soot:
1) promoting physical adsorption reaction: namely, the specific surface area (bulkiness) of the smoke dust and the powder cake is increased, and the contact area of the SO3 and the inorganic salt reaction is enlarged, SO that the SO is enhanced 3 Synergistic with smoke dust removal effect.
2) Promoting chemical adsorption reaction: increasing the humidity in the flue gas to make the gaseous SO 3 Reaction with inorganic salts to liquid H 2 SO 4 Reaction with inorganic salts to increase the reaction rate and thus enhance SO 3 Synergistic removal effect with smoke dust;
3) in addition, the alkaline adsorbent spraying technology can remove most of SO 3 However, if the system increases the spraying humidity or directly sprays the alkaline solution, the removing effect can be enhanced.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a multistage, multisource sprays bag-type dust removal desulfurization system which characterized in that: including one-level mixed injection room (1), one-level clean room (2), second grade mixed injection room (3), second grade clean room (4), tertiary mixed injection room (5) and tertiary clean room (6) that set gradually from left to right, all be provided with multilayer three-phase mixing nozzle (71) in one-level mixed injection room (1), second grade mixed injection room (3) and tertiary mixed injection room (5), one-level mixed injection room (1), one-level clean room (2), second grade mixed injection room (3), second grade clean room (4), tertiary mixed injection room (5) and tertiary clean room (6) bottom all is provided with ash bucket (72), and alkali lye storage tank (81) and fluffy agent storage tank (82) all are connected with three-phase mixing nozzle (71) top.
2. The multi-stage, multi-source spray bag type dust removal and desulfurization system of claim 1, wherein: three layers of three-phase mixing nozzles (71) are sequentially arranged in the first-stage mixing injection chamber (1), the second-stage mixing injection chamber (3) and the third-stage mixing injection chamber (5) from top to bottom.
3. The multi-stage, multi-source spray bag dedusting and desulfurization system of claim 2, wherein: when the three-phase mixing nozzles (71) are arranged, the three-phase mixing nozzles are inclined upwards, and the included angle between the three-phase mixing nozzles (71) and the wall surface is 15-75 degrees and can be adjusted at any time.
4. The multi-stage, multi-source spray bag dedusting and desulfurizing system of claim 3, wherein: an auxiliary heating facility is arranged in the ash hopper (72), the temperature of the auxiliary heating facility is controlled to be 40-70 ℃, and the auxiliary heating facility can be adjusted at any time.
CN202220486247.9U 2022-03-08 2022-03-08 Multistage and multi-source injection bag type dust removal and desulfurization system Active CN217473128U (en)

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CN202220486247.9U CN217473128U (en) 2022-03-08 2022-03-08 Multistage and multi-source injection bag type dust removal and desulfurization system

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CN202220486247.9U CN217473128U (en) 2022-03-08 2022-03-08 Multistage and multi-source injection bag type dust removal and desulfurization system

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CN217473128U true CN217473128U (en) 2022-09-23

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