CN217469797U

CN217469797U - Motor controller

Info

Publication number: CN217469797U
Application number: CN202220698770.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄炎; 张晓东; 李祥生; 郭虎
Original assignee: Shandong Weian Power Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Weian Power Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-28
Filing date: 2022-03-28
Publication date: 2022-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motor controller, including control panel, drive plate, dc-to-ac converter and Buck converter, the control panel respectively with the drive plate Buck converter and motor are connected, the dc-to-ac converter respectively with the drive plate the Buck converter reaches the motor is connected, the Buck converter still is connected with the battery. The utility model provides a pair of machine controller is through adding the Buck converter before the dc-to-ac converter, makes the Buck converter receive can adjust direct current busbar voltage behind the control panel instruction and carry out the speed governing, and the dc-to-ac converter only carries out the commutation to eliminate the current harmonic that high frequency chopper caused.

Description

Motor controller

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a motor technical field, specific theory relates to a motor controller.

Background

Hydrogen fuel cells are receiving increasing attention in the industry as an important component of future new energy sources. The hydrogen fuel cell is used more and more widely in automobiles, the application of the hydrogen fuel cell in automobiles puts higher requirements on the energy density of the hydrogen fuel cell, and in order to obtain higher energy density, an ultrahigh-speed air compressor is required to be used as matching.

The super-high-speed permanent magnet motor is a core component of a super-high-speed air compressor, the inductance of the super-high-speed permanent magnet motor is extremely small and generally within 100 muH, the current fluctuation caused by the chopping of a motor controller due to the small inductance is very serious, and the high-frequency fluctuating current is an important factor causing eddy current loss. The most direct way to reduce the current ripple is to increase the chopping frequency to reduce the amplitude of the current ripple, and as the modulation frequency increases, the generated current harmonics will be significantly reduced. However, in most cases, the power switching devices on the market at present include Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs), Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs), etc., and as the switching frequency increases, the switching loss thereof also increases sharply, so how to provide relatively pure current for the motor becomes an important problem for the development of ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor drivers, and is also a common difficulty for the development of medium and ultra-high speed high power motor drivers.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a motor controller.

The utility model discloses technical scheme as follows:

a motor controller comprises a control board, a drive board, an inverter and a Buck converter, wherein the control board is respectively connected with the drive board, the Buck converter and a motor, the inverter is respectively connected with the drive board, the Buck converter and the motor, and the Buck converter is also connected with a battery.

According to the above scheme the utility model discloses, the control panel includes control chip, input voltage and current sampling circuit, output current sampling circuit, motor parameter sampling circuit and temperature sampling circuit, control chip respectively with input voltage and current sampling circuit output current sampling circuit motor parameter sampling circuit reaches temperature sampling circuit connects, input voltage and current sampling circuit still with the battery is connected, output current sampling circuit still with the dc-to-ac converter is connected, motor parameter sampling circuit still with the motor is connected, temperature sampling circuit still respectively with the dc-to-ac converter with the motor is connected.

Furthermore, the motor parameter sampling circuit comprises a motor rotating speed sampling circuit and a motor rotating position sampling circuit, and the motor rotating speed sampling circuit and the motor rotating position sampling circuit are connected with the control chip.

Furthermore, the temperature sampling circuit comprises an inverter temperature sampling circuit and a motor temperature sampling circuit, and the inverter temperature sampling circuit and the motor temperature sampling circuit are connected with the control chip.

Furthermore, the temperature sampling circuit further comprises an ambient temperature sampling circuit, and the ambient temperature sampling circuit is connected with the control chip.

According to the above scheme the utility model discloses, the drive plate includes driver chip and a plurality of way drive circuit, driver chip respectively with a plurality of ways drive circuit with the control panel is connected, a plurality of ways drive circuit still respectively with the last power tube that corresponds of dc-to-ac converter is connected.

Furthermore, the driving board further comprises a short-circuit protection circuit, an under-voltage protection circuit, a Vce voltage monitoring circuit and an NTC temperature detection circuit, and the short-circuit protection circuit, the under-voltage protection circuit, the Vce voltage monitoring circuit and the NTC temperature detection circuit are all connected with the driving chip.

According to the above scheme the utility model discloses, the dc-to-ac converter pass through three-phase full-bridge inverter circuit with the motor is connected.

According to the above scheme the utility model discloses, the Buck converter includes Buck the control unit and step-down circuit, Buck the control unit includes little control chip, drive module, auxiliary source module and detection module, little control chip respectively with drive module auxiliary source module reaches detection module connects, drive module still with step-down circuit connects.

According to above-mentioned scheme the utility model discloses, still include cooling system, cooling system with the Buck converter is connected.

According to the above scheme the utility model discloses, the motor is three-phase motor.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

the utility model discloses an add the Buck converter before the dc-to-ac converter, make the Buck converter receive can adjust direct current busbar voltage after the control panel instruction and carry out the speed governing, the dc-to-ac converter only carries out the commutation to eliminate the current harmonic that high frequency chopping caused, solved how to provide the current of relative pureness, reduce eddy current loss and switching loss's problem for the motor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a motor controller according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Buck converter according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional motor controller.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to illustrate the present invention in further detail.

It is to be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "disposed" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a motor controller, which includes a control board, a drive board, an inverter and a Buck converter, wherein the control board is connected to the drive board, the Buck converter and a motor, the inverter is connected to the drive board, the Buck converter and the motor, and the Buck converter is further connected to a high voltage battery.

The control panel is used for receiving control instructions of the system, collecting input voltage and current of the high-voltage battery, three-phase output current, rotating speed and rotating position of the motor, environment temperature, inverter temperature, motor temperature and the like, completing torque control of the motor through a high-performance control algorithm, and meanwhile achieving fault protection of the system.

The control panel comprises a control chip, an input voltage and current sampling circuit, an output current sampling circuit, a motor parameter sampling circuit and a temperature sampling circuit, wherein the control chip is respectively connected with the input voltage and current sampling circuit, the output current sampling circuit, the motor parameter sampling circuit and the temperature sampling circuit, the input voltage and current sampling circuit is also connected with the high-voltage battery, the output current sampling circuit is also connected with the inverter, the motor parameter sampling circuit is also connected with the motor, the temperature sampling circuit is also respectively connected with the inverter and the motor, the input voltage and current sampling circuit is used for collecting the input voltage and the current of the high-voltage battery, and the output current sampling circuit is used for collecting the three-phase output current of the inverter.

The motor parameter sampling circuit comprises a motor rotating speed sampling circuit and a motor rotating position sampling circuit, the motor rotating speed sampling circuit and the motor rotating position sampling circuit are both connected with the control chip, the motor rotating speed sampling circuit is used for collecting the rotating speed of the motor, and the motor rotating position sampling circuit is used for collecting the rotating position of the motor.

The temperature sampling circuit comprises an ambient temperature sampling circuit, an inverter temperature sampling circuit and a motor temperature sampling circuit, the ambient temperature sampling circuit, the inverter temperature sampling circuit and the motor temperature sampling circuit are all connected with the control chip, the ambient temperature sampling circuit is used for collecting the ambient temperature around the motor controller, the inverter temperature sampling circuit is used for collecting the temperature of the inverter, and the motor temperature sampling circuit is used for collecting the temperature of the motor.

The driving board is used for electrically isolating and amplifying a plurality of (such as six) output driving signals and then sending the signals to a gate pole of a corresponding power tube on the inverter, and generally has a short-circuit protection function, an undervoltage protection function, a Vce voltage monitoring function and an NTC temperature detection function at the same time.

Specifically, the driving board comprises a driving chip and a plurality of driving circuits, the driving chip is respectively connected with the plurality of driving circuits and the control board, and the plurality of driving circuits are respectively connected with the corresponding power tubes on the inverter through an electrical isolation circuit and a power amplification circuit, so that a plurality of (such as six) output driving signals are electrically isolated and power amplified and then are sent to the gate poles of the corresponding power tubes on the inverter. Meanwhile, the drive board further comprises a short-circuit protection circuit, an under-voltage protection circuit, a Vce voltage monitoring circuit and an NTC temperature detection circuit, wherein the short-circuit protection circuit, the under-voltage protection circuit, the Vce voltage monitoring circuit and the NTC temperature detection circuit are all connected with the drive chip, so that the drive board has a short-circuit protection function, an under-voltage protection function, a Vce voltage monitoring function and an NTC temperature detection function.

The inverter is used for inverting the direct current input by the high-voltage battery into three-phase alternating current with variable frequency through the three-phase full-bridge inverter circuit according to the control instruction of the control board, and controlling the torque of the motor in real time.

The Buck converter is used for adjusting the voltage of the direct-current bus according to the control instruction of the control panel to regulate the speed, so that the inverter only carries out phase change, and current harmonic waves caused by high-frequency chopping are eliminated.

Referring to fig. 2, in particular, the Buck converter includes a Buck control unit and a voltage-reducing circuit, the Buck control unit includes a micro-control chip, a driving module, an auxiliary source module, a detection module, and other main functional modules, the micro-control chip is connected to the driving module, the auxiliary source module, and the detection module, and the driving module is further connected to the voltage-reducing circuit. The voltage reduction circuit mainly comprises main electronic components such as a switching tube Q1 (a semiconductor switching tube such as a mosfet or an IGBT), an energy storage inductor L1, a freewheeling diode D1, a filter capacitor C1 and the like.

And the auxiliary source module is used for providing a low-voltage working power supply for the Buck control unit. Buck the control unit is connected motor controller's control panel, when receiving the step-down target voltage value that the control panel was issued, the interior of little control chip calculates through software algorithm and obtains PWM duty cycle (PWM, Pulse Width Modulation control mode), and issue the instruction and send the PWM ripples for drive module, PWM ripples drive control switch tube Q1's on-off time, D1's effect can form the return circuit of release energy with L1 when Q1 breaks, Q1's on-off time has decided energy storage inductance L1 energy storage and the size and the time of energy release, thereby realize the step-down purpose that the low voltage was advanced to the high voltage, filter capacitor C1 can let the output voltage after the step-down more smooth. The detection module is used for feeding back the detected voltage, current, temperature and other key parameters of the voltage reduction circuit to the micro control chip, so that closed-loop control is realized. In addition, in this embodiment, the Buck control unit further has a short-circuit protection function, an under-overvoltage protection function, and the like for the Buck module.

In this embodiment, the motor controller further includes a cooling system, the cooling system is connected to the Buck converter, and the cooling system is configured to dissipate heat generated by the switching tube Q1, the freewheeling diode D1, and other heat generating devices on the Buck converter and the control board, that is, the switching tube Q1, the freewheeling diode D1, and other heat generating devices on the Buck converter and the control board share the cooling system.

In this embodiment, the motor is a three-phase motor.

The utility model discloses a solve the problem how to provide the current of relative pureness for the motor, reduce eddy current loss and switching loss, Buck converter before the dc-to-ac converter, the DC bus voltage can be adjusted after the Buck converter receives the control panel instruction and carries out the speed governing, and the dc-to-ac converter only carries out the commutation to eliminate the current harmonic that the high frequency chopper caused. Although the control mode inevitably causes the loss of chopper switches of the Buck converter, the loss of the inverter and the stator and the rotor of the motor can be reduced, so that the overheating of the stator and the rotor of the motor is avoided. Simultaneously, the loss that the Buck converter increased is located machine controller, can dispel the heat through machine controller's cooling system, the utility model discloses a to be difficult to radiating motor stator rotor loss transfer to easily radiating machine controller in.

One of the important challenges in ultra-high speed permanent magnet motor control is the control of voltage and current during the start-up phase. Because of the characteristics of low internal resistance and low inductance of the ultra-high-speed motor, the difficulty of controlling the voltage and the current of the winding is high, and particularly, the voltage required at low speed is low, and theoretically, a low duty ratio is required. For chopper control, when the duty ratio is lower than 10%, the efficiency and the quality of the output voltage are both significantly reduced, so that it is difficult to achieve the ideal starting effect only by one-stage chopping (inverter chopping or Buck converter chopping), and a conventional motor controller shown in fig. 3 only performs inverter chopping. In order to solve the problem, the utility model discloses adopt the double level starting mode of the common pressure regulating of Buck converter and dc-to-ac converter starting and low-speed stage, the single level pressure regulating mode of Buck pressure regulating is only then adopted in the well high-speed stage.

The utility model discloses not only be applicable to the motor controller that has position sensor in the embodiment, be applicable to no position sensor's motor controller equally.

It will be understood that modifications and variations are possible to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and that all such modifications and variations are considered to be within the purview of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

The above exemplary description of the present invention is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the present invention is not limited by the above manner, and various improvements made by the method concept and technical solution of the present invention or by directly applying the concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without improvement are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor controller is characterized by comprising a control board, a drive board, an inverter and a Buck converter, wherein the control board is respectively connected with the drive board, the Buck converter and a motor;

the Buck converter comprises a Buck control unit and a voltage reduction circuit, the Buck control unit comprises a micro control chip, a driving module, an auxiliary source module and a detection module, the micro control chip is respectively connected with the driving module, the auxiliary source module and the detection module, and the driving module is further connected with the voltage reduction circuit.

2. The motor controller of claim 1, wherein the control board comprises a control chip, an input voltage and current sampling circuit, an output current sampling circuit, a motor parameter sampling circuit, and a temperature sampling circuit, the control chip is connected to the input voltage and current sampling circuit, the output current sampling circuit, the motor parameter sampling circuit, and the temperature sampling circuit, respectively, the input voltage and current sampling circuit is further connected to the battery, the output current sampling circuit is further connected to the inverter, the motor parameter sampling circuit is further connected to the motor, and the temperature sampling circuit is further connected to the inverter and the motor, respectively.

3. The motor controller according to claim 2, wherein the motor parameter sampling circuit comprises a motor speed sampling circuit and a motor rotation position sampling circuit, and the motor speed sampling circuit and the motor rotation position sampling circuit are both connected with the control chip.

4. The motor controller according to claim 2, wherein the temperature sampling circuit comprises an inverter temperature sampling circuit and a motor temperature sampling circuit, and the inverter temperature sampling circuit and the motor temperature sampling circuit are both connected to the control chip.

5. The motor controller of claim 4 wherein the temperature sampling circuit further comprises an ambient temperature sampling circuit, the ambient temperature sampling circuit being coupled to the control chip.

6. The motor controller according to claim 1, wherein said driving board comprises a driving chip and a plurality of driving circuits, said driving chip is connected to said plurality of driving circuits and said control board, and said plurality of driving circuits are further connected to corresponding power tubes of said inverter.

7. The motor controller of claim 6, wherein said driver board further comprises a short-circuit protection circuit, an under-voltage protection circuit, a Vce voltage monitoring circuit, and an NTC temperature detection circuit, said short-circuit protection circuit, said under-voltage protection circuit, said Vce voltage monitoring circuit, and said NTC temperature detection circuit are all connected to said driver chip.

8. The motor controller of claim 1, wherein the inverter is connected to the motor by a three-phase full-bridge inverter circuit.

9. The motor controller of claim 1 further comprising a cooling system coupled to said Buck converter.