CN217468501U

CN217468501U - Constant temperature battery box for hydrogen fuel cell automobile

Info

Publication number: CN217468501U
Application number: CN202220184591.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王育; 郝义国; 张江龙
Original assignee: Wuhan Grove Hydrogen Energy Automobile Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wuhan Grove Hydrogen Energy Automobile Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-24
Filing date: 2022-01-24
Publication date: 2022-09-20
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses a constant temperature battery box for hydrogen fuel cell car, the power distribution box comprises a box body, the box includes outer container and the fixed inner box that sets up in the outer container, the clearance has between the curb plate of outer container and the curb plate of inner box, be equipped with the air intake on the curb plate of inner box, be equipped with the air outlet on the contralateral curb plate that the inner box was equipped with the curb plate of air intake, air intake department is equipped with temperature control device, the both sides that the clearance between the curb plate of outer container and the curb plate of inner box was located the air outlet all are equipped with the return air machine, make the air intake, the inner space of inner box, the air outlet, clearance between outer container and the inner box forms circulation loop. This constant temperature battery box adopts bilayer structure design, regards the assembly space of inner box as the group battery, and the clearance between outer container and the inner box is as the circulation wind channel to combine temperature control device and return fan to control the temperature to the group battery in the inner box, can not only make the group battery effectively dispel the heat under the high temperature condition, can effectively heat under the low temperature condition moreover, thereby work all the time under the appropriate ambient temperature.

Description

Constant temperature battery box for hydrogen fuel cell automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a power battery thermal management system technical field especially relates to a constant temperature battery box for hydrogen fuel cell car.

Background

Along with increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental pollution, the development of electric vehicles draws more and more attention of people, and a power storage battery is used as a power source of a pure electric vehicle, is a key ring for improving the performance of the whole vehicle and reducing the cost, and the temperature characteristic of the power storage battery directly influences the performance, the service life and the durability of the electric vehicle. The lithium ion battery has the advantages of large specific energy, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, wide allowable working temperature range, good low-temperature effect and the like, and is the preferred power battery for the electric vehicle at present.

The requirements of the lithium ion battery pack for thermal management: according to the heating mechanism of the lithium ion battery, the structure of the battery pack is reasonably designed, and a proper heat management mode is selected, so that the temperature uniformity among the batteries and the battery modules in the pack is maintained as much as possible while the single batteries in the battery pack work within a reasonable temperature range. Since the individual cells in the battery pack are connected in series and parallel with each other, any degradation in the performance of any one cell will affect the overall performance of the battery pack. When the temperature difference of the power battery is 5 ℃, 10 ℃ and 15 ℃, the charge state of the battery pack is respectively reduced by 10%, 15% and 20% under the same charging condition.

The thermal management system not only can effectively dissipate heat of the battery pack under the high-temperature condition, but also can effectively heat the battery under the low-temperature condition, so that the battery pack works at a proper environmental temperature, and the temperature difference generated by heating and dissipating heat of the battery pack can be reduced. The battery thermal management system mainly adopts three modes of air cooling, liquid cooling and phase change material cooling. The phase-change material cooling mode is still in the preliminary research application stage, and the electric motor car thermal management system mainly is two major modes of air cooling and liquid cooling at present, and the liquid cooling mode has the possibility of weeping though the heat transfer coefficient is high between the battery wall, cooling, rate of heating is fast, and the volume is less, and weight is relatively great moreover, and maintenance are complicated, need parts such as water jacket, heat exchanger, structure are relatively complicated. Although the air cooling mode has low heat exchange coefficient between the wall surfaces of the batteries and low cooling and heating speeds, the air cooling mode has simple structure and relatively small weight, has no possibility of liquid leakage, can effectively ventilate when harmful gas is generated, has low cost, is widely applied at home and abroad, and can meet the requirements by adopting air medium cooling under common working conditions.

At present, the most mature air cooling mode is generally adopted by the power battery box on the market, and other cooling modes are rarely adopted. The patent with publication number CN102255115B discloses a battery pack heat management system of an electric vehicle and a heat management method thereof, in the structure, an air inlet fan, an air outlet fan, a heating fan, a heat dissipation air pipe and a PTC heater are far away from a battery module, a circulation air duct is difficult to convect between an upper single battery and a lower single battery, and requirements of the heat management system of the battery pack on the service environment of the single batteries are not facilitated. The patent with the publication number of CN102139646B discloses a power battery heat management system and a control method thereof, the structure completely depends on an electric air conditioner for a whole vehicle when the battery pack is subjected to heat management, the whole vehicle is difficult to arrange when the whole vehicle has more battery packs, and the heat management system is lack of independence of the battery packs and is difficult to apply to electric vehicles in batches.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to prior art current situation, provide a constant temperature battery box for hydrogen fuel cell car, can not only make the group battery effectively dispel the heat under the high temperature condition, can effectively heat under the low temperature condition moreover to work all the time under suitable ambient temperature.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a constant temperature battery box for hydrogen fuel cell car, includes the box, the box includes outer container and the fixed inner box that sets up in the outer container, has the clearance between the curb plate of outer container and the curb plate of inner box, be equipped with the air intake on the curb plate of inner box, be equipped with the air outlet on the contralateral curb plate that the inner box was equipped with the curb plate of air intake, air intake department is equipped with temperature control device, and temperature control device includes heater and refrigerator, the both sides that the clearance between the curb plate of outer container and the curb plate of inner box is located the air outlet all are equipped with the return air machine, make the air intake, the inner space of inner box, air outlet, clearance between outer container and the inner box form circulation circuit.

Furthermore, the inner sides and/or the outer sides of the top plate, the bottom plate and the side plates of the inner box are/is provided with a heat insulation layer in an attached mode, and therefore the constant temperature effect in the inner box is improved.

Furthermore, the heat insulation layer is made of heat insulation cotton.

Furthermore, the air inlets are three groups, and the air inlets are uniformly distributed on the side plate of the inner box.

Furthermore, the air outlet is a group, and the air outlet is arranged in the middle of the side plate of the inner box.

Furthermore, a frame-type battery module is arranged in the inner box and comprises two insulating end seats and a plurality of single batteries, the single batteries are independently arranged between the two insulating end seats, gaps are formed between the single batteries, a plurality of first heat dissipation holes are formed in the insulating end seats and the axial non-corresponding areas of the single batteries, and therefore airflow introduced from the air inlet flows through the heat dissipation holes, then flows through the gaps between the single batteries and finally flows to the air outlet.

Furthermore, the frame-type battery module further comprises two groups of electrode soft connecting plates, the two groups of electrode soft connecting plates are respectively fixed on one side, away from the single batteries, of the two insulating end seats, and the electrode soft connecting plates are electrically connected with electrodes, close to one ends, of the single batteries.

Furthermore, the T-shaped through holes on the insulating end seat are distributed in two rows, and the electrode flexible connecting plate is of a U-shaped structure matched with the two rows of T-shaped through holes arranged on the insulating end seat, so that the area is reduced, and the first heat dissipation hole and the second heat dissipation hole are prevented from being covered.

Furthermore, the electrode soft connecting plate is provided with connecting holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the T-shaped through holes on the insulating end seat, and the electrode soft connecting plate is electrically connected with the electrode close to one end of the corresponding single battery through the second connecting piece in a matching manner with the connecting holes.

Furthermore, the frame-type battery module further comprises two groups of insulating protective covers, the two groups of insulating protective covers are respectively fixed on the outer sides of the electrode flexible connecting plates on the two insulating end seats, and a plurality of second heat dissipation holes are formed in the regions, which do not correspond to the single batteries in the axial direction, on the insulating protective covers, so that gaps among the single batteries, the first heat dissipation holes and the second heat dissipation holes form heat dissipation air channels.

The utility model has the advantages that:

compared with the prior art, its constant temperature battery box that is used for hydrogen fuel cell car adopts the bilayer structure design, regard the inner box as the assembly space of group battery, the clearance between outer container and the inner box is as the circulation wind channel to combine temperature control device and return fan to control the temperature to the group battery in the inner box, can not only make the group battery effectively dispel the heat under the high temperature condition, can effectively heat under the low temperature condition moreover, thereby work all the time under suitable ambient temperature, greatly improved the fail safe nature and the continuation of the journey mileage of whole car.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a constant-temperature battery box (including a battery pack) in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure in example 1;

example 1 notation illustrates: 1-1 part of a box body, 1-2 parts of a battery pack, 1-3 parts of a handle, 1-4 parts of a temperature control device, 1-5 parts of a return air fan, 1-6 parts of an outer box, 1-7 parts of an inner box, 1-8 parts of an air inlet, 1-9 parts of an air outlet.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the frame-type battery module in embodiment 2 (arrows indicate the airflow direction of the heat dissipation duct);

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a disassembled structure of the frame-type battery module in embodiment 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of an insulating shield according to embodiment 2;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an electrode flexible connecting plate in embodiment 2.

Example 2 notes that: 2-1 parts of single batteries, 2-2 parts of insulating end seats, 2-2-1 parts of T-shaped through holes, 2-2-2 parts of first heat dissipation holes, 2-3 parts of first connecting pieces, 2-4 parts of insulating shields, 2-4-1 parts of second heat dissipation holes, 2-5 parts of hand-held structures, 2-6 parts of electrode flexible connecting plates, 2-6-1 parts of connecting holes, 2-7 parts of second connecting pieces.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1-2, a constant temperature battery box for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle comprises a box body 1-1, wherein a plurality of handles 1-3 are arranged on the box body 1-1, and the battery box is convenient to transport.

The box body 1-1 comprises an outer box 1-6 and an inner box 1-7 fixedly arranged in the outer box 1-6, and in order to ensure that the battery pack 1-2 works normally, the outer box 1-6 should meet the protection grade of IP 67. Gaps are not formed between the top plate of the outer box 1-6 and the top plate of the inner box 1-7 and between the bottom plate of the outer box 1-6 and the bottom plate of the inner box 1-7 (the outer box 1-6 and the inner box 1-7 can share the top plate and the bottom plate), gaps are formed between the side plates of the outer box 1-6 and the side plates of the inner box 1-7, and therefore annular channels are formed between the outer box 1-6 and the inner box 1-7.

One side plate of the inner box 1-7 is provided with three groups of air inlets 1-8, and in the embodiment, the air inlets 1-8 are uniformly distributed on the side plate of the inner box 1-7. Air outlets 1-9 are arranged on the side plates on the opposite sides of the side plates of the inner boxes 1-7, which are provided with the air inlets 1-8, the air outlets 1-9 are in a group, and the air outlets 1-9 are arranged in the middle of the side plates of the inner boxes 1-7. The air inlet 1-8 is provided with a temperature control device 1-4, the temperature control device 1-4 comprises a heater and a refrigerator, which are respectively used for air heating and air refrigeration, and the heater and the refrigerator are prior art and are not described herein again. Air return fans 1-5 are arranged at two sides of the air outlets 1-9 in gaps between the side plates of the outer boxes 1-6 and the side plates of the inner boxes 1-7.

Through the design, the air inlets 1-8, the inner space of the inner box 1-7, the air outlets 1-9, and the gaps between the outer box 1-6 and the inner box 1-7 form a circulation loop. Fig. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the air-return fan 1-5, and fig. 2 shows the direction of air flow in the box 1-1, i.e., the air inlet 1-8, the inner box 1-7, the air outlet 1-9, and the circumferential channel.

Wherein, the inner sides and/or the outer sides of the top plate, the bottom plate and the side plates of the inner box 1-7 are respectively attached with a heat insulation layer so as to improve the constant temperature effect in the inner box 1-7. Optionally, the heat insulation layer is heat insulation cotton.

In order to cooperate with the battery pack 1-2 to work, the heater, the refrigerator and the air return fan 1-5 are all connected with a BMS battery management system, and the BMS battery management system comprises components such as a temperature sensor.

When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the battery box is too low, the BMS battery management system starts the heater to heat the interior of the battery box, specifically, hot air of the heater is introduced into the battery box through the directions of three middle arrows shown in fig. 2, hot air flows through all the single batteries to heat the single batteries, cold air is discharged from the opposite side of the heater, the cold air is introduced into the heater end through the directions of reverse arrows on two sides shown in fig. 2 to continue heating through the action of the air returning machine 1-5, and when the temperature in the battery box reaches a required value, the BMS battery management system closes the heater.

When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature inside the battery box is too high, the BMS battery management system starts the refrigerator to dissipate heat inside the battery box, specifically, cold air of the refrigerator is introduced into the battery box through the directions of the middle three arrows shown in fig. 2, the cold air flows through all the single batteries to cool the single batteries, hot air is discharged at the opposite side of the refrigerator, the hot air is introduced into the refrigerator end through the directions of the reverse arrows at the two sides shown in fig. 2 to continue cooling through the action of the air returning machine 1-5, and when the temperature inside the battery box reaches a required value, the BMS battery management system closes the refrigerator.

In summary, the constant temperature battery box of the embodiment adopts a double-layer structure design, the inner box 1-7 is used as an assembly space of the battery pack 1-2, the gap between the outer box 1-6 and the inner box 1-7 is used as a circulating air duct, and the temperature control device 1-4 and the air return fan 1-5 are combined to control the temperature of the battery pack 1-2 in the inner box 1-7, so that the battery pack 1-2 can effectively dissipate heat under a high temperature condition and can effectively heat under a low temperature condition, thereby working at a proper environmental temperature all the time and greatly improving the safety reliability and the endurance mileage of the whole vehicle.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 3-6, in embodiment 1, a plurality of frame-type battery modules are disposed in a constant temperature battery box. The frame type battery module comprises a single battery 2-1, an insulating end seat 2-2, an electrode soft connecting plate 2-6 and an insulating shield 2-4.

In this embodiment, the battery cells 2-1 are eight groups and are cylindrical, and the battery cells 2-1 are lithium iron phosphate batteries.

The insulating end seats 2-2 are two groups and are rectangular, eight groups of T-shaped through holes 2-2-1 are arranged on the insulating end seats 2-2, the T-shaped through holes 2-2-1 are matched with the single batteries 2-1, namely, one diameter of the T-shaped through hole 2-2-1 is the same as that of the single battery 2-1, and the other diameter is smaller than that of the single battery 2-1, so that the single battery 2-1 can expose the electrode after being inserted into the T-shaped through hole 2-2-1, eight groups of single batteries 2-1 are arranged between the two insulating end seats 2-2, and two ends of each single battery 2-1 are respectively inserted into the corresponding T-shaped through holes 2-2-1 on the two insulating end seats 2-2 to be independently supported, and the two insulating end seats 2-2 are locked by the first connecting piece 2-3 and fix the single battery 2-1 between the two insulating end seats. In this embodiment, the T-shaped through holes 2-2-1 on the insulating end seat 2-2 are distributed in two rows, each row including four sets of T-shaped through holes 2-2-1.

According to the technical scheme, the first connecting piece 2-3 is a double-headed bolt rod optionally.

The number of the electrode soft connecting plates 2-6 is two, the two electrode soft connecting plates 2-6 are respectively fixed on one side of the two insulating end seats 2-2 far away from the single battery 2-1, and the electrode soft connecting plates 2-6 are electrically connected with the electrode at one end of each single battery 2-1 close to the single battery.

Specifically, the electrode soft connecting plate 2-6 is provided with connecting holes 2-6-1, the connecting holes 2-6-1 correspond to the T-shaped through holes 2-2-1 on the insulating end seat 2-2 one by one, and the electrode soft connecting plate 2-6 is electrically connected with the corresponding single battery 2-1 and an electrode close to one end of the corresponding single battery through the second connecting piece 2-7 matched with the connecting holes 2-6-1. Optionally, the second connector 2-7 is a screw. The electrical connection mode can make the electrode contact more stable and prevent safety accidents such as short circuit, poor contact and the like.

The two groups of insulation shields 2-4 are respectively fixed at the outer sides of the electrode soft connection plates 2-6 on the two insulation end seats 2-2. Wherein, the top of the insulating shield 2-4 is provided with a portable structure 2-5, which is beneficial to the transportation and assembly of the battery module. Preferably, the handle structures 2-5 are handle lines, so that the volume occupation is reduced.

On the basis of the structure, a plurality of first heat dissipation holes 2-2-2 are formed in the non-axial region, corresponding to the single battery 2-1, of the insulating end seat 2-2, and a plurality of second heat dissipation holes 2-4-1 are formed in the non-axial region, corresponding to the single battery 2-1, of the insulating shield 2-4, so that a heat dissipation air duct is formed among gaps of the single batteries 2-1, the first heat dissipation holes 2-2-2 and the second heat dissipation holes 2-4-1, and heat dissipation of the single batteries 2-1 arranged between the two insulating end seats 2-2 is facilitated along the axial direction of the single batteries.

Preferably, the electrode flexible connecting plate 2-6 is a U-shaped structure matched with two rows of T-shaped through holes 2-2-1 arranged on the insulating end seat 2-2, so as to reduce the area and avoid covering the first heat dissipation hole 2-2-2 and the second heat dissipation hole 2-4-1.

When assembling the battery module, firstly, one end of each single battery 2-1 is arranged in the insulating end seat 2-2, then the other insulating end seat 2-2 is sleeved, the two insulating end seats 2-2 are preliminarily locked by adopting four groups of stud rods, and specified torque is applied to completely fix the single battery 2-1, so that the contact between the single batteries 2-1 and the insulating end seats 2-2 is ensured to be in place; then installing an electrode soft connecting plate 2-6 for connecting the anode and the cathode in parallel, and screwing the nut to ensure that the electrode soft connecting plate 2-6 is in good contact with the anode and the cathode of all the single batteries 2-1; finally, the insulating shields 2-4 and the handle wires at the two ends are installed.

When the battery box is assembled, the assembled battery modules are placed into the battery box, the arrangement sequence and the positions of the battery modules can be changed according to the requirements of an actual vehicle, and the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery modules are connected with a power line for outputting power by the battery box.

In summary, the frame-type battery module arranged in the constant-temperature battery box of the embodiment solves the core problems of installation, maintenance, battery thermal management, light weight, safety and reliability and the like in the single battery grouping technology. The battery protection device plays a good role in protecting and preventing the battery from being damaged due to the possible service life shortening under the conditions of heating, overcharge or over-discharge current, vibration, extrusion and the like, and inducing events such as ignition, explosion and the like, and also greatly prolongs the endurance mileage of the electric automobile.

Of course, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the application range of the present invention is not limited thereto, so all the equivalent changes made in the principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a constant temperature battery box for hydrogen fuel cell car, includes the box, its characterized in that: the box includes the outer container and fixes the inner box that sets up in the outer box, has the clearance between the curb plate of outer container and the curb plate of inner box, be equipped with the air intake on the curb plate of inner box, be equipped with the air outlet on the curb plate offside of the curb plate that the inner box was equipped with the air intake, air intake department is equipped with temperature control device, and temperature control device includes heater and refrigerator, the both sides that the clearance between the curb plate of outer container and the curb plate of inner box is located the air outlet all are equipped with the fan that returns, make the clearance between inner space, air outlet, outer container and the inner box of air intake, inner box form circulation loop.

2. A constant-temperature battery box for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner sides and/or the outer sides of the top plate, the bottom plate and the side plates of the inner box are/is provided with a heat insulation layer in an attached mode so as to improve the constant temperature effect in the inner box.

3. A constant-temperature battery box for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: the heat insulation layer is made of heat insulation cotton.

4. A constant-temperature battery box for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air inlets are three groups and are uniformly distributed on the side plate of the inner box.

5. A constant-temperature battery box for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air outlet is a group, and the air outlet is arranged in the middle of the side plate of the inner box.

6. The constant-temperature battery box for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the frame-type battery module is arranged in the inner box and comprises two insulating end seats and a plurality of single batteries, the single batteries are independently arranged between the two insulating end seats, gaps are formed between the single batteries, a plurality of first heat dissipation holes are formed in the insulating end seats and the regions, which do not correspond to the single batteries in the axial direction, of the single batteries, so that airflow introduced from the air inlet flows through the heat dissipation holes, then flows through the gaps between the single batteries and finally flows to the air outlet.

7. A constant-temperature battery box for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: the frame-type battery module further comprises two groups of electrode soft connecting plates, the two groups of electrode soft connecting plates are respectively fixed on one sides, far away from the single batteries, of the two insulating end seats, and the electrode soft connecting plates are electrically connected with electrodes, close to one ends, of the single batteries.

8. A constant-temperature battery box for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: the T-shaped through holes on the insulating end seat are distributed in two rows, and the electrode flexible connecting plate is of a U-shaped structure matched with the two rows of T-shaped through holes on the insulating end seat, so that the area is reduced, and the first radiating holes and the second radiating holes are prevented from being covered.

9. A constant-temperature battery box for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: the electrode soft connecting plate is provided with connecting holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the T-shaped through holes on the insulating end seat, and the electrode soft connecting plate is electrically connected with the electrode close to one end of the corresponding single battery through the second connecting piece in a matching manner.

10. A constant-temperature battery box for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: the frame type battery module further comprises two groups of insulating protective covers, the two groups of insulating protective covers are respectively fixed on the outer sides of the electrode flexible connecting plates on the two insulating end seats, and a plurality of second heat dissipation holes are formed in regions, which do not correspond to the single batteries in the axial direction, on the insulating protective covers, so that gaps among the single batteries, the first heat dissipation holes and the second heat dissipation holes form heat dissipation air channels.