CN217465331U - Molten bath smelting metallurgy system - Google Patents
Molten bath smelting metallurgy system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217465331U CN217465331U CN202220896387.3U CN202220896387U CN217465331U CN 217465331 U CN217465331 U CN 217465331U CN 202220896387 U CN202220896387 U CN 202220896387U CN 217465331 U CN217465331 U CN 217465331U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a molten bath smelting metallurgical system, which comprises a metallurgical furnace, a waste heat boiler, a first smoke dust bin, a smoke dust conveying device and a spray gun, wherein the metallurgical furnace is provided with a hearth, and the upper end part of the hearth is provided with a smoke outlet; the smoke outlet is connected with the first smoke dust bin through the waste heat boiler so as to collect smoke dust by using the first smoke dust bin; the first smoke dust bin is connected with the smoke dust conveying device, the smoke dust conveying device is connected with the spray gun, and the spray gun outlet of the spray gun is inserted into a molten pool of the metallurgical furnace, so that the smoke dust in the first smoke dust bin can be directly sprayed into the molten pool of the metallurgical furnace. The utility model discloses metallurgical system is smelted to molten bath has advantages such as main metal rate of recovery is high and low in production cost. The utility model discloses metallurgical system is smelted to molten bath has advantages such as production efficiency height.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a metal smelting technical field, concretely relates to metallurgical system is smelted to molten bath.
Background
During the pyrometallurgical process of copper, nickel and other non-ferrous metals, the produced smoke dust is collected by a subsequent waste heat boiler and an electric dust collector and is directly mixed into concentrate ingredients. The transportation process is easy to generate drift in the transportation process, the environment and the metal recovery rate are influenced, and the smoke is easy to directly take away after the smoke is added into the metallurgical furnace, new smoke is generated, the short-circuit circulation of the smoke is formed, and the ineffective load in the smelting process and the working strength of subsequent boilers and electric dust collection are increased.
At present, part of metallurgical furnaces adopt soot granulation or humidification by a humidifying device to reduce the dust in the smoke transportation process and the proportion of the smoke directly entering the smoke after entering the furnaces. Although the method can effectively return the smoke dust to the metallurgical furnace, the granulation or humidification process increases the moisture in the raw materials, the moisture in the metallurgical furnace is changed into the smoke gas with the temperature of more than 1200 ℃, the energy consumption of the metallurgical furnace is increased, the production cost is increased, and even so, the reduction of the smoke dust rate is limited.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention aims at solving at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent.
Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a metallurgical system is smelted to the molten bath to reduce manufacturing cost when guaranteeing main metal rate of recovery.
The melting bath smelting metallurgical system of the embodiment of the utility model comprises a metallurgical furnace, a waste heat boiler, a first smoke dust bin, a smoke dust conveying device and a spray gun, wherein the metallurgical furnace is provided with a hearth, and the upper end part of the hearth is provided with a smoke outlet; the smoke outlet is connected with the first smoke dust bin through the waste heat boiler so as to collect smoke dust by using the first smoke dust bin; the first smoke dust bin is connected with the smoke dust conveying device, the smoke dust conveying device is connected with the spray gun, and the spray gun outlet of the spray gun is inserted into a molten pool of the metallurgical furnace, so that the smoke dust in the first smoke dust bin can be directly sprayed into the molten pool of the metallurgical furnace.
The utility model discloses metallurgical system is smelted to molten bath has advantages such as main metal rate of recovery is high and low in production cost.
In some embodiments, the molten bath smelting metallurgy system further comprises a bin pump and a second dust bin, the bin pump being connected to the first dust bin; the second smoke and dust bin is connected with the bin type pump, and the second smoke and dust bin is connected with the smoke and dust conveying device, so that at least one of the bin type pump and the second smoke and dust bin is used for caching smoke and dust entering the second smoke and dust bin.
In some embodiments, the molten bath smelting metallurgy system further comprises a smoke dust adjusting tank, the second smoke dust bin is connected with the smoke dust adjusting tank, a first adjusting valve is arranged between the second smoke dust bin and the smoke dust adjusting tank, the smoke dust adjusting tank is connected with the smoke dust conveying device, and a second adjusting valve is arranged between the smoke dust adjusting tank and the smoke dust conveying device.
In some embodiments, the hearth has a molten bath zone for containing the molten bath, the lance outlet is located below an upper end surface of the molten bath zone, and a distance between the lance outlet and the upper end surface of the molten bath zone is greater than or equal to 200 mm.
In some embodiments, the soot conveying device is a pneumatic conveying device having a gas inlet for communicating with a gas source.
In some embodiments, the lance inlet of the lance is provided with a gas inlet branch pipe which is used for communicating with a gas source so as to continuously introduce gas into the lance.
In some embodiments, the smoke outlet satisfies: the ratio of the smoke flow of the smoke outlet to the sectional area of the smoke outlet is 3-6.
In some embodiments, the furnace satisfies: the ratio of the flue gas flow of the hearth to the sectional area of the hearth is 3-6.
In some embodiments, the plurality of the spray guns are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hearth.
In some embodiments, at least a portion of the plurality of lances is fixed to a sidewall of the hearth; and/or the upper end of furnace is equipped with the charge door, the charge door with the outlet flue interval sets up, and is a plurality of at least some along upper and lower direction movably in the spray gun establish charge door department.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a molten bath metallurgy system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the furnace of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the furnace of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a molten bath metallurgy system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a molten bath smelting metallurgical system 100;
a hearth 1; a smoke outlet 101; a feed port 102;
a first dust bin 2; a first flue dust bin inlet 201; a first soot bin outlet 202;
a smoke conveying device 3; a smoke inlet 301; a second smoke outlet 302; a delivery conduit 303; a main delivery pipe 3031; a first branch 3032; a second branch pipe 3033;
a bin pump 4; a sump pump inlet 401; a silo pump outlet 402;
a second dust bin 5; a second soot bin inlet 501; a second soot bin outlet 502; a bag dust collector 503;
a spray gun 6; a lance inlet 601; a lance outlet 602; a first spray gun 603; a first lance inlet 6031; a first lance outlet 6032; a second spray gun 604; a second lance inlet 6041; a second lance outlet 6042;
a smoke regulation tank 8; the regulated tank inlet 801; the tank outlet 802 is regulated.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
A molten bath metallurgy system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
The utility model discloses metallurgical system 100 is smelted to molten bath includes metallurgical stove, exhaust-heat boiler, first cigarette storehouse 2, smoke and dust conveyor 3 and spray gun 6, and metallurgical stove has furnace 1, and furnace 1's upper end is equipped with outlet 101, and outlet 101 passes through exhaust-heat boiler and links to each other with first cigarette storehouse 2 to collect the smoke and dust with first cigarette storehouse 2. The first smoke dust bin 2 is connected with a smoke dust conveying device 3, and the smoke dust conveying device 3 is connected with a spray gun 6. The lance outlet 602 of the lance 6 is adapted to be inserted into the bath of the metallurgical furnace so that the fumes from the first fume bin 2 are injected directly into the bath of the metallurgical furnace.
For example, the first dust bin 2 has a first dust bin inlet 201 and a first dust bin outlet 202, and the smoke outlet 101 is connected to the first dust bin inlet 201 via a waste heat boiler. So that the first dust bin 2 is used to receive the fumes discharged from the fume outlet 101.
The smoke conveyor 3 has a smoke inlet 301 and a second smoke outlet 302, the smoke inlet 301 being connected to the first smoke bin outlet 202. The lance 6 has a lance inlet 601 and a lance outlet 602, and the second soot outlet 302 is connected to the lance inlet 601 for conveying the soot in the first soot bin 2 into the lance 6 by means of the soot conveying device 3. The lance outlet 602 is adapted to be inserted into a bath (liquid slag) of a metallurgical furnace for injecting the fumes in the first fume bin 2 into the bath of the metallurgical furnace by means of the lance 6.
The method of operation of a molten bath smelting metallurgical system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 and 4: firstly, the smoke in the hearth 1 is discharged through a smoke outlet 101 and passes through a waste heat boiler, so that the smoke in the smoke enters a first smoke dust bin 2; then, the flue gas in the first flue gas dust bin 2 is discharged through a first flue gas dust bin outlet 202 and enters the flue gas dust conveying device 3 through a flue gas dust inlet 301; then, the smoke in the smoke conveying device 3 is discharged through the second smoke outlet 302 and enters the spray gun 6 through the spray gun inlet 601; finally, the fumes from the lance 6 are injected into the bath of the metallurgical furnace through a lance outlet 602.
The smoke and dust directly enters a molten pool of the metallurgical furnace through the spray gun 6, so that the smoke and dust returned to the metallurgical furnace can be effectively prevented from being directly taken away by the smoke and dust, short-circuit circulation of the smoke and dust is formed, and the recovery rate of main metals in the smoke and dust is greatly improved. In addition, compared with the method adopting soot (smoke dust) granulation and adopting a humidifying device for humidifying, the method avoids additional water from entering the metallurgical furnace along with the smoke dust, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the metallurgical furnace and reducing the production cost. The above-mentioned main metal is understood to be the target metal, e.g. for copper smelting in a metallurgical furnace, the main metal then being copper.
Therefore, the molten bath smelting metallurgical system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high recovery rate of main metal, low production cost, etc.
In some embodiments, the molten bath metallurgy system further comprises a dust collector having a dust collector inlet connected to the smoke outlet 101 via a waste heat boiler and a dust collector outlet connected to the first dust bin inlet 201.
Flue gas discharged from the smoke outlet 101 enters the dust collector through inlets of a waste heat boiler and the dust collector, smoke dust flowing out from the smoke outlet 101 can be collected by the dust collector, collected white smoke dust containing low main metal can be independently treated to recover valuable metals such as lead and zinc or sold outside, smoke dust containing high main metal can enter the first smoke dust bin 2 through an outlet of the dust collector and an inlet 201 of the first smoke dust bin in sequence, and finally directly returns to a molten pool of the metallurgical furnace.
Optionally, the dust collector is an electric dust collector.
In some embodiments, the smoke conveyor 3 is a pneumatic conveyor, and the smoke conveyor 3 has a gas inlet for communicating with a gas source to convey smoke into the lance 6 with a conveying gas. Specifically, the gas inlet is communicated with a gas source, so that the gas source is used for introducing conveying gas into the smoke conveying device 3.
The smoke dust conveying device 3 adopts a pneumatic conveying device, so that the whole smoke dust flow path from the first smoke dust bin 2 to the spray gun 6 is a closed path, the smoke dust is prevented from being contacted with the outside to generate dispersion, and the recovery rate of main metal in the smoke dust is further improved.
Optionally, the transport gas is compressed air, compressed nitrogen or compressed oxygen-enriched air.
The smoke dust conveying device 3 may adopt a pulverized coal conveying device for conveying pulverized coal in the related art, and details thereof are not described herein.
The spray gun 6 may be a spray gun for spraying the powdery material in the related art, and will not be described in detail herein.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the molten bath smelting metallurgical system 100 further comprises a delivery duct 303, one end of the delivery duct 303 being connected to the second fume outlet 302, the other end of the delivery duct 303 being connected to the lance inlet 601, such that the fume delivery means 3 delivers fume into the lance 6 through the delivery duct 303.
Therefore, the connection between the smoke conveying device 3 and the spray gun 6 is realized by utilizing the conveying pipeline 303, so that the arrangement position of the smoke conveying device 3 is not limited by the position of the spray gun 6, the position selection of the smoke conveying device 3 is convenient, and the design and the assembly of the molten pool smelting metallurgical system 100 are convenient.
In other embodiments, the second soot outlet may be directly connected to the lance inlet.
Optionally, the delivery pressure of the delivery gas is 0.3MPa to 0.8MPa, and the ratio of the delivery gas to the soot in the delivery conduit 303 is 1:5(Nm & lt/m & gt) 3 /kg)～1:15(Nm 3 /kg)。
Note that, the above ratio is 1:5 (Nm) 3 /kg)～1:15(Nm 3 The term/kg) means the ratio of the volume of the conveying gas to the mass of the flue dust in the standard state, i.e. the ratio of the volume of the conveying gas to the mass of the flue dust in the standard state is 1 (cubic meter): 5 (kilogram) to 1 (cubic meter)): 15 (kg).
Therefore, the smoke and dust are conveyed by adopting the concentrated phase, so that the smoke and dust can be effectively ensured to return to the molten pool while conveying gas is saved, and the production cost is further reduced.
Of course, in other embodiments, the ratio of the transport gas and the soot within the transport conduit may be adjusted to other values based on the transport pressure of the transport gas.
Optionally, the molten bath smelting metallurgy system 100 further comprises a bin pump 4 and a second fume bin 5, the bin pump 4 having a bin pump inlet 401 and a bin pump outlet 402, the first fume bin outlet 202 being connected to the bin pump inlet 401. The second dust bin 5 has a second dust bin inlet 501 and a second dust bin outlet 502, the silo pump outlet 402 is connected to the second dust bin inlet 501, and the second dust bin outlet 502 is connected to the dust inlet 301, so that at least one of the silo pump 4 and the second dust bin 5 is used to buffer the dust.
In the operation method of the molten bath smelting metallurgical system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the flue gas in the first flue gas bin 2 is discharged through the first flue gas bin outlet 202 and enters the bin pump 4 through the bin pump inlet 401; then, the smoke dust in the bin pump 4 is discharged through the bin pump outlet 402 and enters the second smoke dust bin 5 through the second smoke dust bin inlet 501; the smoke dust in the second smoke dust bin 5 is discharged through a second smoke dust bin outlet 502 and enters the smoke dust conveying device 3 through a smoke dust inlet 301; the fumes in the fume conveyor 3 are then exhausted through the second fume outlet 302 and into the lance 6 through the lance inlet 601.
Therefore, in the process that the smoke dust returns to the molten pool of the metallurgical furnace, if the smoke dust amount is less, the smoke dust can be buffered in at least one of the bin pump 4 and the second smoke dust bin 5, and when the smoke dust of at least one of the bin pump 4 and the second smoke dust bin 5 is more, the smoke dust is sprayed into the molten pool through the spray gun 6, so that the flexibility of the molten pool smelting metallurgical system 100 is improved.
Optionally, the first smoke dust bin outlet 202 and the second smoke dust bin outlet 502 are both provided with control valves, the control valve provided at the first smoke dust bin outlet 202 is used for controlling the on-off between the first smoke dust bin 2 and the bin pump 4, and the control valve provided at the second smoke dust bin outlet 502 is used for controlling the on-off between the second smoke dust bin outlet 502 and the smoke conveying device 3.
Optionally, the smoke conveying device 3 has a conveying cavity, the smoke inlet 301 and the second smoke outlet 302 are communicated with the conveying cavity, the smoke inlet 301 is provided with a dome valve or an electric valve suitable for sealing, and the second smoke outlet 302 is provided with an adjustable rotary feeding device capable of flexibly adjusting the adding amount of smoke.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1, the second soot bin outlet 502 is connected to the soot inlet 301 by a connecting tube 7.
Optionally, the first dust bin 2 and the second dust bin 5 are both provided with a fluidization pipe to prevent the smoke dust in the first dust bin 2 and the second dust bin 5 from hardening, so as to create favorable conditions for the subsequent blowing of the smoke dust, and meanwhile, the first dust bin 2 and the second dust bin 5 are both provided with a weighing device to measure the smoke dust.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, a bag dust collector 503 is disposed at the upper part of the second dust bin 5. So as to prevent the smoke dust in the second smoke dust bin 5 from flowing out of the external environment, and be beneficial to further improving the recovery rate of the main metal in the smoke dust.
In the smoke and dust conveying process, when the smoke and dust conveying device 3 conveys smoke and dust, the smoke and dust conveying device 3 is in a state of pressure, and the second smoke and dust bin 5 is always in a state of no pressure. After the smoke dust in the smoke dust conveying device 3 is conveyed, the smoke dust needs to be exhausted for pressure relief, and then the smoke dust in the second smoke dust bin 5 enters the smoke dust conveying device 3 through the second smoke dust bin outlet 502 and the smoke dust inlet 301; after the smoke conveying device 3 is filled with smoke, the smoke inlet 301 is closed, and the smoke conveying device 3 enters the next smoke conveying period again after air is introduced under pressure. The whole smoke and dust process is not completely continuous, and the smoke and dust conveying device 3 is in a state of stopping conveying the smoke and dust to the spray gun 6 during the period that the second smoke and dust bin 5 conveys the smoke and dust to the smoke and dust conveying device 3, so that the furnace condition stability of the metallurgical furnace is influenced to a certain extent.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 4, the molten bath smelting metallurgical system 100 further comprises a smoke regulation tank 8, the second smoke bin 5 is connected with the smoke regulation tank 8, and a first regulation valve is arranged between the second smoke bin 5 and the smoke regulation tank 8. The smoke dust adjusting tank 8 is connected with the smoke dust conveying device 3, and a second adjusting valve is arranged between the smoke dust adjusting tank 8 and the smoke dust conveying device 3.
For example, the fume adjusting pot 8 has an adjusting pot inlet 801 and an adjusting pot outlet 802, the adjusting pot inlet 801 is connected with the second fume bin outlet 502 of the second fume bin 5, and a first adjusting valve is arranged between the adjusting pot inlet 801 and the second fume bin outlet 502. The outlet 802 of the adjusting tank is connected with the smoke inlet 301 of the smoke conveying device 3, and a second adjusting valve is arranged between the outlet 802 of the adjusting tank and the smoke inlet 301.
Therefore, the smoke dust can be stored by utilizing the smoke dust adjusting tank 8, the smoke dust can be ensured to exist in the smoke dust conveying device 3 all the time, the smoke dust can not be cut off, the smoke dust can be continuously sprayed into a melting pool through the spray gun 6, and the operation of the metallurgical furnace is more stable. In addition, the amount of soot in each bin (e.g., first soot bin, second soot bin), tank (e.g., soot conditioning tank 8) can be balanced by adjusting the amount of soot entering the lance 6 to achieve stable operation of the soot conveyor 3. The specific operation process is as follows: a first regulating valve between the second smoke bin outlet 502 and the regulating tank inlet 801 is opened, and the smoke dust in the second smoke bin 5 enters the smoke dust regulating tank 8 through the second smoke bin outlet 502 and the regulating tank inlet 801; after the smoke dust adjusting tank 8 is filled with smoke dust, a first adjusting valve between the second smoke dust bin outlet 502 and the adjusting tank inlet 801 is closed, the smoke dust adjusting tank 8 is charged with air at the moment and pressurized, and after the pressure of the smoke dust adjusting tank 8 is the same as that of the smoke dust conveying device 3, a second adjusting valve arranged between the smoke dust adjusting tank 8 and the smoke dust conveying device 3 can be opened, so that the smoke dust in the smoke dust adjusting tank 8 enters the smoke dust conveying device 3; after the smoke in the smoke adjusting tank 8 is transferred to the smoke conveying device 3, the second adjusting valve can be closed; after the pressure in the fume conditioning tank 8 is released, the first conditioning valve between the second fume chamber outlet 502 and the conditioning tank inlet 801 may be opened again for the next feed cycle and so on. That is to say, in the feeding process of the smoke dust conveying device 3, the smoke dust conveying device 3 is always in a state of pressure, the continuous conveying of the smoke dust is not influenced, and the stable operation of the metallurgical furnace is facilitated.
Alternatively, a pressure-releasing exhaust pipe of the smoke adjusting pot 8 may be inserted into the second smoke bin 5.
Optionally, the furnace 1 has a molten bath zone for containing a molten bath, the lance outlet 602 is located below an upper end face of the molten bath zone, and a distance between the lance outlet 602 and the upper end face of the molten bath zone is 200mm or more. In other words, when the lance 6 is used to inject the soot into the bath of the metallurgical furnace, the distance between the lance outlet 602 and the upper surface of the bath of the metallurgical furnace is 200mm or more.
For example, the distance between the lance outlet 604 and the upper end face of the molten bath zone is equal to 300 mm.
Therefore, the smoke dust returned by the spray gun 6 enters a deeper position below the upper surface of the molten pool, so that the full reaction of the main metal in the smoke dust is ensured, and the recovery rate of the main metal in the smoke dust is further improved.
Alternatively, the lance 6 is provided in plurality, and the plurality of lances 6 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the hearth 1.
For example, a plurality of spray guns 6 are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the hearth 1.
Therefore, the plurality of spray guns 6 can more uniformly spray the smoke dust into the molten pool of the metallurgical furnace, which is beneficial to improving the metallurgical efficiency of the molten pool smelting metallurgical system 100.
Of course, in other embodiments, only one lance may be provided.
Alternatively, the number of the spray guns 6 is 2 to 8. Preferably, the number of lances is 2 to 8.
Optionally, at least a portion of the plurality of lances 6 are fixed to the side wall of the hearth 1 with the lance outlets 602 located within the molten bath of the metallurgical furnace at all times.
For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, a portion of plurality of spray guns 6 is first spray gun 603, another portion of plurality of spray guns 6 is second spray gun 604, a spray gun inlet of first spray gun 603 is first spray gun inlet 6031, a spray gun outlet of first spray gun 603 is first spray gun outlet 6032, a spray gun inlet of second spray gun 604 is second spray gun inlet 6041, and a spray gun outlet of second spray gun 604 is second spray gun outlet 6042. The conveying pipeline 303 comprises a main conveying pipe 3031, a first branch pipe 3032 and a second branch pipe 3033, one end of the main conveying pipe 3031 is connected with the second smoke outlet 302, the other end of the main conveying pipe 3031 is connected with one end of the first branch pipe 3032 and one end of the second branch pipe 3033, the other end of the first branch pipe 3032 is connected with a first spray gun inlet 6031, and the other end of the second branch pipe 3033 is connected with a second spray gun inlet 6041. The first spray gun 603 is arranged on the side wall of the hearth 1, and the first spray gun outlet 6032 is positioned in the molten pool area.
Therefore, in the process of smelting in the molten bath smelting metallurgical system 100, the first lance outlet 6032 is always positioned in the molten bath, and the first lance 603 can be used for continuously or discontinuously spraying smoke into the molten bath. And the influence of the first spray gun 603 on normal feeding and production is avoided.
In other embodiments, the upper end of the furnace 1 is provided with a charging port 102, the charging port 102 and the smoke outlet 101 are spaced apart from each other, and a part of the plurality of lances 6 is provided at the charging port 102 to be movable in an up-down direction, so that when the lances 6 are used to inject the soot into the bath of the metallurgical furnace, the lance outlets 602 are inserted through the charging port 102 and into the bath of the metallurgical furnace.
For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the charging port 102 and the smoke outlet 101 are provided at a distance in the left-right direction, the second lance 604 is provided movably in the up-down direction at the charging port 102, and the second lance outlet 6042 is inserted into the molten bath from the upper portion of the charging port 102. The charging opening 102 may be a normally open charging opening, that is, the charging opening 102 is always in an open state during the metallurgical process of the molten bath smelting metallurgical system 100, so as to charge the hearth 1 through the charging opening 102. The furnace inlet pipeline of the second spray gun 604 is connected with the second branch pipe 3033 by a wear-resistant metal hose, and the second spray gun 604 can be lifted by a transmission device such as a winch and a steel wire rope hanger rod.
Therefore, when the second spray gun 604 is used for spraying operation, the second spray gun 604 enters the hearth 1, and when the second spray gun 604 stops spraying operation, the second spray gun 604 can be lifted out of the hearth 1 for intermittent operation, so that normal charging and production are prevented from being influenced.
Of course, in other embodiments, the spray guns may be all provided on the side wall of the hearth, and the spray guns may also be all provided at the charging port.
Optionally, the lance inlet 601 of the lance 6 is provided with an inlet manifold for communicating with a gas source for continuously introducing gas into the lance 6.
For example, the spray gun 6 is in the form of a sleeve, the spray gun 6 is provided with an inner layer channel and an outer layer channel, the inlet of the outer layer channel is connected with a gas source of supplementary gas, and certain supplementary gas is supplemented into the spray gun 6 through the outer layer channel so as to ensure that the gas flow and the pressure in the spray gun 6 are sufficient; on the one hand, the smoke concentration is reduced by using the supplementary gas, so that the abrasion of the spray gun 6 is reduced; on the other hand, when the lance outlet 602 is inserted into the molten bath of the metallurgical furnace, the supplementary gas is continuously introduced into the lance 6, and particularly when the smoke is not continuously conveyed, the phenomenon that the lance 6 is poured and blocked by the molten bath when the conveying gas does not convey the smoke can be avoided.
Alternatively, the make-up gas may be compressed air, compressed nitrogen or compressed oxygen-enriched air.
In the pyrometallurgical process of nonferrous metals such as copper, nickel and the like, smelting smoke dust is formed by unreacted fine particles in raw materials, solid particles formed by splashing on the surface of a molten pool, solid particles generated in a gas phase reaction, smoke dust collected by a subsequent dust collector and a first smoke dust bin and the like, and enters a subsequent smoke gas treatment system along with the flow of the smoke gas. The main components of the smelting smoke dust are fine solid materials which are not completely reacted, a high-melting-point slag phase, volatile low-melting-point metal sulfides or oxides and the like. A large amount of smoke carried in the smoke meets a low-temperature area and is rapidly solidified and bonded on the surface of a component to form smoke bonding substances in the flowing process of subsequent smoke. For example, the adhesion of the smoke outlet due to air leakage between the furnace and the exhaust-heat boiler, the adhesion of the uptake of the exhaust-heat boiler, the coking of the convection bank of the boiler, etc. The smoke and dust agglutinates can cause reduction of flues, reduction of heat exchange efficiency of boilers and the like, finally cause reduction of production load, and cause great restriction and influence on normal operation of production.
In actual production, measures such as blasting, burner melting and even manual cleaning are often needed to remove smoke dust adhesive, so that the production cost is additionally increased, and the production efficiency is greatly reduced. In addition, when the smoke dust rate (the content of smoke dust in smoke gas) is high, the content of main metals such as copper or nickel in the smoke dust is also high, and the direct yield and the recovery rate of the main metals are reduced.
The size of the sectional area of a hearth (smoke area) of the metallurgical furnace determines the flow speed of smoke in the hearth. The slower the flue gas flow velocity in the hearth is, the unreacted raw materials in the carried smoke dust are easy to form a melt to fall into a molten pool during gas phase reaction, and fine particles generated by splashing have a larger chance to fall into the molten pool, so that the smoke dust rate in the hearth is reduced. More importantly, the larger the cross section area of the smoke outlet, the lower the flow rate of the smoke, the lower the smoke dust rate of the smoke outlet, and the size of the smoke outlet is the most key factor for determining the smoke dust rate of the metallurgical furnace.
In some embodiments, the smoke outlet 101 satisfies: the ratio of the smoke flow of the smoke outlet 101 to the sectional area of the smoke outlet 101 is 3-6.
As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the ratio of the smoke flow of the smoke outlet 101 to the cross-sectional area of the smoke outlet 101 is actually the flow velocity of the smoke at the smoke outlet 101. The sectional area of the smoke outlet 101 is increased, so that the flow velocity of smoke at the smoke outlet 101 can be reduced, the flow velocity of smoke at the smoke outlet 101 is 3-6 m/s, and the smoke dust rate of the smoke at the smoke outlet 101 is reduced.
For example, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the cross-sectional area of the smoke outlet 101 is the product of L1 and L2, where L1 is the length of the smoke outlet 101 and L2 is the width of the smoke outlet 101. The size of the smoke outlet 101 of the metallurgical furnace determines the speed of the smoke flow at the smoke outlet. Under the condition of the same smoke amount, the larger the sectional area at the smoke outlet is, the lower the smoke flow rate is, and the lower the smoke dust rate at the smoke outlet is.
Therefore, by reducing the flow velocity of the flue gas at the smoke outlet 101, unreacted raw materials in the smoke dust at the smoke outlet 101 are easy to form melt to fall into the molten pool during gas phase reaction, and fine particles generated by splashing have a larger chance to fall into the molten pool, so that the smoke dust rate of the flue gas at the smoke outlet 101 is reduced. On one hand, the direct recovery rate and the recovery rate of main metals in the flue gas are improved; on the other hand, the smoke rate of the smoke at the smoke outlet 101 is reduced, so that the risks of smoke outlet adhesion, waste heat boiler uptake adhesion and boiler convection bank coking can be greatly reduced, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
Increasing the cross-sectional area of the smoke outlet 101 includes: keeping the smoke flow of the smoke outlet 101 unchanged according to the formula Q 1 ＝S 1 *V 1 ＝S 2 *V 2 Calculate S 1 。
Wherein Q is 1 Is the flue gas flow of the flue gas outlet 101; s 1 The sectional area of the smoke outlet 101 is increased after the sectional area of the smoke outlet is increased; v 1 In order to increase the flow speed of the smoke at the smoke outlet 101 after the sectional area of the smoke outlet, V 1 Is 3 to 6, i.e. V 1 Is 3m/s to 6 m/s. S 2 Is the initial sectional area of the smoke outlet; v 2 Is the initial flow rate of the smoke at the smoke outlet.
In addition, S is 2 The initial cross-sectional area of the smoke outlet can be understood as: the sectional area of the smoke outlet of the metallurgical furnace before the metallurgical furnace is improved, namely the sectional area of the smoke outlet of the metallurgical furnace in the prior art. V 2 The initial flow rate of the smoke at the smoke outlet can be understood as: the flow velocity of the smoke at the smoke outlet of the metallurgical furnace before the metallurgical furnace is improved, namely the flow velocity of the smoke at the smoke outlet of the metallurgical furnace in the prior art. In the prior art, the flow speed of the smoke at the smoke outlet of the metallurgical furnace is usually 8m/s to 10m/s, namely V 2 Is 8m/s to 10 m/s. From the above formula, S can be obtained 1 /S 2 ＝V 2 /V 1 And from the above V 1 And V 2 Can obtain the increase multiple of the sectional area of the smoke outlet, namely S 1 And S 2 Due to the ratio of S 2 Is known, so that S can be obtained 1 。
Therefore, the metallurgical furnace in the prior art is conveniently transformed and calculated by using the method, so that the smoke rate of the metallurgical furnace is conveniently reduced.
Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the smoke outlet 101 of the metallurgical furnace of the embodiment of the present invention is 1.5 times to 2 times of the cross-sectional area of the smoke outlet of the metallurgical furnace in the prior art, i.e. S 1 And S 2 The ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.5-2.
For example, the flue gas flow of a metallurgical furnace is 310000m 3 The initial sectional area of the smoke outlet (the sectional area before improvement) is 10.77 square meters in h (working condition), and the sectional area of the smoke outlet is increasedThe cross sectional area of the rear smoke outlet 101 is 19.95 square meters, so that the smoke flow rate at the smoke outlet 101 is 4.32 m/s; for another example, the flue gas flow of the metallurgical furnace is 195000m3/h (working condition), the initial cross-sectional area (the cross-sectional area before improvement) of the flue outlet is 6.78 square meters, and the cross-sectional area of the flue outlet 101 is 13.5 square meters after the cross-sectional area of the flue outlet is increased, so that the flue gas flow velocity at the flue outlet 101 is 4.02 m/s. The working condition may be a flue gas temperature of 1200 ℃.
Alternatively, the metallurgical furnace may be a side blown furnace, a bottom blown furnace, a multi-lance top blown furnace, a rotary furnace, or the like. The metallurgical furnace can be used for copper smelting and can also be used for nickel smelting.
In some embodiments, the furnace 1 satisfies: the ratio of the flue gas flow of the hearth 1 to the sectional area of the hearth 1 is 3-6.
As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the ratio of the flue gas flow of the furnace 1 to the cross-sectional area of the furnace 1 is actually the flow velocity of the flue gas at the furnace 1. The sectional area of the hearth 1 is increased, so that the flow velocity of the flue gas in the hearth 1 can be reduced, the flow velocity of the flue gas at the hearth 1 is 3-6 m/s, and the smoke dust rate of the flue gas in the hearth 1 is reduced.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sectional area of the furnace 1 has a sectional area of a product of h1 and L3, h1 is a distance between the upper surface of the molten bath in the furnace 1 and the roof of the furnace 1, and L3 is a width of the furnace 1. It should be noted that the smoke outlet 101 is disposed near the left side of the furnace 1, and the flow direction of the smoke in the furnace 1 is from right to left. The sectional area of the hearth 1 of the metallurgical furnace determines the flow speed of flue gas in the hearth 1. The larger the sectional area of the hearth 1 is, the lower the flue gas flow velocity is, and the lower the smoke dust rate of the flue gas in the hearth 1 is.
Therefore, by reducing the flow velocity of the flue gas in the hearth 1, unreacted raw materials in the smoke dust in the hearth 1 are easy to form a melt to fall into the molten pool during gas phase reaction, and fine particles generated by splashing have a larger chance to fall into the molten pool, so that the smoke dust rate of the flue gas in the hearth 1 is reduced. On one hand, the direct yield and the recovery rate of the main metal in the flue gas are further improved; on the other hand, the risk of smoke outlet adhesion, waste heat boiler uptake adhesion and boiler convection bank coking can be further greatly reduced by reducing the smoke rate of the smoke in the hearth 1, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
Increasing the cross-sectional area of the furnace 1 includes: keeping the flue gas flow of the hearth 1 unchanged according to a formula Q 2 ＝S 3 *V 3 ＝S 4 *V 4 Calculate S 3 。
Wherein Q is 2 The flow rate of the flue gas of the hearth 1 is shown; s 3 The sectional area of the hearth is increased after the sectional area of the hearth is increased; v 3 For increasing the flow velocity of the flue gas at the hearth after the sectional area of the hearth is increased, V 3 Is 3 to 6, i.e. V 3 Is 3m/s to 6 m/s. S 4 The initial sectional area of the hearth; v 4 Is the initial flow velocity of the flue gas at the furnace.
Note that S 4 The initial cross-sectional area of the furnace can be understood as: the sectional area of the hearth of the metallurgical furnace before the metallurgical furnace is improved, namely the sectional area of the hearth of the metallurgical furnace in the prior art. V 4 The initial flow rate of the flue gas at the furnace can be understood as: the flow velocity of the flue gas at the hearth of the metallurgical furnace before the metallurgical furnace is improved, namely the flow velocity of the flue gas at the hearth of the metallurgical furnace in the prior art. The flow velocity of the flue gas at the hearth of a metallurgical furnace in the prior art is usually 8m/s to 10m/s, i.e. V 4 Is 8m/s to 10 m/s. From the above formula, S can be obtained 3 /S 4 ＝V 4 /V 3 And from the above V 3 And V 4 Can obtain the increase multiple of the sectional area of the hearth, namely S 3 And S 3 Due to S 4 Is known, so that S can be obtained 3 。
Therefore, the metallurgical furnace in the prior art is conveniently transformed and calculated by using the method, so that the smoke rate of the metallurgical furnace is conveniently reduced.
Optionally, the sectional area of the furnace 1 of the metallurgical furnace of the embodiment of the present invention is 1.5 times to 2 times of the sectional area of the furnace 1 of the metallurgical furnace in the prior art, i.e. S 3 And S 4 The ratio of (A) to (B) is 1.5-2.
A method of operating a molten bath metallurgy system 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the operation method of the molten bath smelting metallurgical system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
the first smoke dust bin 2 is used for storing smoke dust flowing out of a smoke outlet 101 of the metallurgical furnace;
the smoke dust in the first smoke dust bin 2 is conveyed to a spray gun 6 by a smoke dust conveying device 3;
the soot is directly sprayed into the molten bath of the metallurgical furnace by means of a lance 6.
The smoke dust is directly sprayed into the melting pool of the metallurgical furnace, so that the smoke dust returned into the metallurgical furnace can be effectively prevented from being directly taken away by the smoke dust, the short-circuit circulation of the smoke dust is formed, and the recovery rate of main metals in the smoke dust is greatly improved. In addition, compared with the method adopting soot (smoke dust) granulation and adopting a humidifying device for humidifying, the method avoids additional water from entering the metallurgical furnace along with the smoke dust, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the metallurgical furnace and reducing the production cost. The above-mentioned main metal is understood to be the target metal, e.g. for copper smelting in a metallurgical furnace, the main metal then being copper.
The operation of the molten bath smelting metallurgical system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4, taking a metallurgical furnace as a side-blown furnace as an example:
in a first operation method, referring to fig. 1, the smoke collected by the dust collector enters the first smoke bin 2, and the smoke in the first smoke bin 2 is conveyed to the second smoke bin 5 by the bin pump 4. The smoke dust conveying device 3 is arranged below the second smoke dust bin 5, and the smoke dust in the second smoke dust bin 5 enters the smoke dust conveying device 3. The conveying gas of the smoke dust conveying device 3 adopts compressed air, compressed nitrogen or compressed oxygen-enriched air with the pressure of 0.3 MPa-0.8 MPa, and the conveying pipeline 3 between the smoke dust conveying device 3 and the first spray gun 603 adopts a wear-resistant cast iron pipeline. The smoke in the smoke conveying device 3 enters the molten bath from the side wall of the side-blown furnace hearth 1. The specific operation is that the smoke dust in the smoke dust conveying device 3 is blown into a smelting pool by a first spray gun 603 in a pneumatic conveying mode, the height of the first spray gun 603 can be the same as that of an air port of a smelting production process, and the smoke dust can enter the furnace through one spray gun or simultaneously enter the furnace through a plurality of spray guns.
In a second operation method, referring to fig. 1, the smoke collected by the dust collector enters the first smoke bin 2, and the smoke in the first smoke bin 2 is conveyed to the second smoke bin 5 by the bin pump 4. The smoke dust conveying device 3 is arranged below the second smoke dust bin 5, and the smoke dust in the second smoke dust bin 5 enters the smoke dust conveying device 3. The conveying gas of the smoke conveying device 3 adopts compressed air, compressed nitrogen or compressed oxygen-enriched air with the pressure of 0.3 MPa-0.8 MPa, and the conveying pipeline 3 between the smoke conveying device 3 and the second spray gun 604 adopts a wear-resistant cast iron pipeline. The smoke in the smoke conveying device 3 enters the molten bath from the top of the side-blown furnace hearth 1. The specific operation is that the second spray gun 604 is inserted from the top of the hearth 1, the furnace inlet pipeline of the second spray gun 604 is connected with the conveying pipeline 3 through a wear-resistant metal hose, the second spray gun 604 can lift through a transmission device such as a winch and a steel wire rope hanger rod, the second spray gun 604 is inserted into the hearth during the blowing operation, the second spray gun 604 can be lifted out during the stopping operation, the intermittent operation is performed, and the influence on normal feeding and production is avoided.
And in the third operation method, the smoke dust collected by the dust collector enters the first smoke dust bin 2, the smoke dust in the first smoke dust bin 2 is directly sprayed into the molten bath from the side wall of the side-blown furnace hearth 1 by adopting the smoke dust conveying device 3, and a bin pump and a second smoke dust bin are not needed. The conveying gas of the smoke conveying device 3 adopts compressed air, compressed nitrogen or compressed oxygen-enriched air with the pressure of 0.3 MPa-0.8 MPa, and the conveying pipeline between the smoke conveying device 3 and the spray gun adopts a wear-resistant cast iron pipeline.
In the fourth operation method, referring to fig. 4, the smoke collected by the dust collector enters the first smoke bin 2, and the smoke in the first smoke bin 2 is conveyed to the second smoke bin 5 by the bin pump 4. The smoke dust regulating tank 8 is arranged below the second smoke dust bin 5, the smoke dust in the second smoke dust bin 5 enters the smoke dust regulating tank 8, and the smoke dust in the smoke dust regulating tank 8 enters the smoke dust conveying device 3. The conveying gas of the smoke dust conveying device 3 adopts compressed air, compressed nitrogen or compressed oxygen-enriched air with the pressure of 0.3 MPa-0.8 MPa, and the conveying pipeline 303 between the smoke dust conveying device 3 and the first spray gun 603 adopts a wear-resistant cast iron pipeline. The smoke in the smoke conveying device 3 enters the molten bath from the side wall of the side-blown converter hearth 1. The specific operation is that the smoke dust in the smoke dust conveying device 3 is blown into a smelting pool by a first spray gun 603 in a pneumatic conveying mode, and the height of the first spray gun 603 can be as high as that of an air port of the smelting production process.
The metallurgical system 100 is smelted in the molten bath of the embodiment of the utility model has the following advantages:
(1) the returned smoke dust is directly conveyed by a pipeline and blown into the high-temperature melt of the metallurgical furnace for smelting reaction. On one hand, the dust loss in the processes of conveying smoke dust by a belt and batching in a storage bin is greatly reduced, and equipment investment such as smoke dust granulation is cancelled; on the other hand, the current situation that most of smoke and dust enters the dust collecting system along with the smoke and dust after being added from the furnace opening is greatly reduced, and according to production practice data, 65% -90% of the smoke and dust added through the furnace opening reenters the dust collecting system along with high-temperature smoke and dust in the hearth, so that short-circuit circulation of the smoke and dust is caused. In addition, the direct injection of the soot into the bath changes the reaction conditions, so that the distribution of part of the impurity elements is optimized.
(2) By increasing the width and the length of the smoke outlet 101 and the height and the width of the hearth 1, the flow rate of smoke is reduced, the reaction time of raw materials with high-temperature smoke and high-temperature melt is increased, the sedimentation rate of smoke dust is increased, and the smoke dust generation proportion of the metallurgical furnace can be greatly reduced from the source.
(3) By adopting two measures of reducing the flow rate of smoke and directly conveying the smoke into the melt, the total smoke rate can be reduced from 2.5 percent to below 1.5 percent, the mechanical carried dust in the smoke is greatly reduced, and most of the smoke is volatile dust.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship indicated based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations of the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A molten bath metallurgy melting system comprising:
the metallurgical furnace is provided with a hearth, and the upper end part of the hearth is provided with a smoke outlet;
the smoke outlet is connected with the first smoke bin through the waste heat boiler so as to collect smoke by using the first smoke bin; and
the first smoke dust bin is connected with the smoke dust conveying device, the smoke dust conveying device is connected with the spray gun, and an outlet of the spray gun is inserted into a molten pool of the metallurgical furnace, so that the smoke dust in the first smoke dust bin can be directly sprayed into the molten pool of the metallurgical furnace.
2. The molten bath smelting metallurgy system of claim 1, further comprising:
the bin type pump is connected with the first smoke dust bin; and
and the second smoke dust bin is connected with the bin pump and the smoke dust conveying device so as to cache the smoke dust entering the second smoke dust bin by using at least one of the bin pump and the second smoke dust bin.
3. The molten bath smelting metallurgy system of claim 2, further comprising a fume dust holding tank, the second fume dust bin being connected to the fume dust holding tank, a first regulating valve being provided between the second fume dust bin and the fume dust holding tank, the fume dust holding tank being connected to the fume dust delivery device, and a second regulating valve being provided between the fume dust holding tank and the fume dust delivery device.
4. The molten bath smelting metallurgical system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hearth has a molten bath zone for containing the molten bath, the lance outlet is located below an upper end surface of the molten bath zone, and a distance between the lance outlet and the upper end surface of the molten bath zone is 200mm or greater.
5. The molten bath smelting metallurgy system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fume conveying means is a pneumatic conveying means having a gas inlet for communication with a gas source.
6. The molten bath smelting metallurgical system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lance inlet of the lance is provided with a gas inlet manifold for communicating with a gas source for continuous introduction of gas into the lance.
7. The molten bath smelting metallurgy system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fume outlets meet: the ratio of the smoke flow of the smoke outlet to the sectional area of the smoke outlet is 3-6.
8. The molten bath smelting metallurgy system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hearth satisfies: the ratio of the flue gas flow of the hearth to the sectional area of the hearth is 3-6.
9. The molten bath smelting metallurgical system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lances are provided in plurality, the plurality of lances being spaced circumferentially of the hearth.
10. The molten bath smelting metallurgy system of claim 9, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of lances are fixed to a side wall of the hearth; and/or
The upper end of furnace is equipped with the charge door, the charge door with the outlet flue interval sets up, and is a plurality of at least some along the movably establishment of upper and lower direction in the spray gun feed door department.
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