CN217440033U

CN217440033U - Drill bit

Info

Publication number: CN217440033U
Application number: CN202221251510.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张太明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-05-20
Filing date: 2022-05-20
Publication date: 2022-09-16
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drill bit, including boring a section of thick bamboo, bore a section of thick bamboo lower extreme and install the cutting utensil, its key lies in: the drill pipe is characterized in that a supporting plate is arranged in the drill pipe in a vertically sliding mode, a plurality of drill pipes are arranged on the supporting plate in a rotating mode, the drill pipes are arranged in the height direction of the drill pipe, and a first power source used for driving the supporting plate to slide vertically and a second power source used for driving the drill pipes to rotate are arranged in the drill pipe. The utility model has the advantages that: when the drilling barrel tool encounters a hard rock layer and cannot efficiently tunnel, the first power source drives the supporting plate and the drill rods to integrally move downwards, and then under the driving of the second power source, the drill rods drill small holes in the surface of the rock layer. After the surface of the rock stratum is provided with a plurality of small holes, the cutting tool at the lower end of the drill cylinder can easily crush the rock stratum, so that the tunneling efficiency of the drill bit is obviously improved.

Description

Drill bit

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the geology drilling, concretely relates to drill bit.

Background

The drill bit is a working part which is arranged at the foremost end of the tunneling equipment, is directly contacted with the geology and completes the geological drilling in a rotating mode.

In the prior art, a drill bit is mainly used for geological crushing by means of a cutting tool (a cutting tooth or a cone) at the front end of the drill bit, so that the tunneling and excavation of a drill hole are realized. Due to different geological environments, when the drill bit encounters a rock with high hardness and integrity, the cutting tool at the front end of the drill bit only continuously rubs with the surface of the rock, obvious tunneling cannot be formed, and the efficiency of drilling construction is seriously influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model provides a drill bit for solve traditional drill bit and tunnel the technical problem of inefficiency at hard rock layer.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses technical scheme as follows:

a drill bit comprises a drill cylinder, wherein a cutting tool is arranged at the lower end of the drill cylinder, and the key point is that: the drill pipe is characterized in that a supporting plate is arranged in the drill pipe in a vertically sliding mode, a plurality of drill pipes are rotatably arranged on the supporting plate and are all arranged in the height direction of the drill pipe, and a first power source used for driving the supporting plate to slide vertically and a second power source used for driving the drill pipes to rotate are arranged in the drill pipe.

Preferably, the upper end of the drill cylinder is connected with a transmission rod, and the first power source and the second power source are both derived from the transmission rod.

Preferably, each drill rod is in power connection with the transmission rod through a gear box, a rectangular through hole is formed in the upper end of the drill cylinder, the transmission rod is provided with a rectangular block matched with the rectangular through hole, a locking mechanism is arranged between the rectangular block and the rectangular through hole, and after the locking mechanism is unlocked, the rectangular block can slide out of the rectangular through hole downwards under the axial thrust of the transmission rod.

Preferably, a driving gear and driven gears with the same number as the drill rods are arranged in the gear box, the driven gears are connected with the driving gear in a direct or indirect meshing mode, and the driving gear is fixedly connected with the lower end of the transmission rod; and the upper ends of the drill rods are rotatably arranged on the supporting plate and fixedly connected to the driven gears in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

Preferably, each of the driven gears is distributed in a cross shape in two diameter directions of the driving gear.

Preferably, a positioning plate is fixedly mounted on the lower portion of the drill barrel, and a avoiding hole coincident with the axis of the drill rod is formed in the positioning plate.

Preferably, the inner side of the drilling cylinder is provided with a guide groove extending along the height direction of the drilling cylinder, and the support plate is provided with a guide block connected with the guide groove in a sliding manner.

Preferably, the rectangular block is provided with an inner lock hole, the wall of the rectangular through hole is provided with an outer lock hole, the locking mechanism is a lock pin, and the lock pin is inserted into the outer lock hole and the inner lock hole in a locking state.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

adopt the utility model provides a drill bit, when the cutting utensil of boring a section of thick bamboo lower extreme met the unable high-efficient tunnelling in hard rock formation, first power supply drove the whole downstream of backup pad and drilling rod, then under the drive of second power supply, some apertures were drilled out on the rock stratum surface to each drilling rod. After the surface of the rock stratum is provided with a plurality of small holes, the cutting tool at the lower end of the drill cylinder can easily crush the rock stratum, so that the tunneling efficiency of the drill bit is obviously improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a drill bit (drill rod inside the drill barrel);

FIG. 2 is another cross-sectional view of the drill bit (with the drill rod protruding from the lower end of the drill barrel);

FIG. 3 is a partially exploded view showing the connection relationship of the support plate 2, the drill rod 3, the gear box 5 and the transmission rod 4;

fig. 4 is a plan view of the positioning plate 1 c.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a drill bit structurally comprises a drill cylinder 1, wherein the interior of the drill cylinder 1 is of a hollow structure, and a cutting tool 1a is mounted at the lower end of the drill cylinder 1, and the cutting tool 1a can be a cutting pick or a roller cone. The drill pipe comprises a drill pipe body 1, a support plate 2 is arranged in the drill pipe body 1 in a vertically sliding mode, a plurality of drill rods 3 are arranged on the support plate 2 in a rotating mode, each drill rod 3 is arranged along the height direction of the drill pipe body 1, a first power source and a second power source are arranged in the drill pipe body 1, the first power source is used for driving the support plate 2 to slide vertically, and the second power source is used for driving the drill rods 3 to rotate. In the process of the drill bit tunneling construction, if the cutting tool 1a at the lower end of the drill cylinder 1 meets a hard rock stratum and cannot continue tunneling, the supporting plate 2 and the drill rods 3 can be driven to integrally move downwards by the aid of the first power source, then the drill rods 3 are driven by the second power source to drill small holes in the surface of the rock stratum, and after the surface of the rock stratum is provided with the small holes, the cutting tool 1a at the lower end of the drill cylinder 1 can easily smash the rock stratum so that the drill bit can continue tunneling on the hard rock stratum.

The first and second power sources may be an electric or hydraulic system separately arranged inside the drill barrel 1 or may be a drive rod 4 connecting the drill bit to the drill.

In the embodiment, the first power source and the second power source are both from the transmission rod 4, the transmission rod 4 is connected to the upper end of the drill barrel 1, and as can be seen by combining fig. 2 and fig. 3, the upper end of the drill barrel 1 is provided with a rectangular through hole 1b, the transmission rod 4 is provided with a rectangular block 4a matched with the rectangular through hole 1b, and the rectangular block 4a can slide out of the rectangular through hole 1b downwards. Each drill rod 3 is in power connection with the transmission rod 4 through a gear box 5, a locking mechanism 6 is arranged between the rectangular block 4a and the rectangular through hole 1b, and the locking mechanism 6 is used for locking the rectangular block 4a in the rectangular through hole 1 b. The inside of the drill cylinder 1 is provided with two groups of guide grooves 1e extending along the height direction of the drill cylinder, the two groups of guide grooves 1e are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the drill cylinder 1, two ends of the support plate 2 are provided with guide blocks 2a, and the guide blocks 2a are slidably connected in the guide grooves 1 e.

Based on the assembly connection structure, the specific working principle that the drill bit promotes the tunneling efficiency is as follows:

in the normal tunneling process, the rectangular block 4a is positioned in the rectangular through hole 1b, the transmission rod 4 drives the drill bit to integrally rotate, and the cutting tool 1a at the lower end of the drill cylinder 1 realizes conventional tunneling. When the hard rock layer is tunneled very slowly, the locking mechanism 6 is unlocked, the rectangular block 4a slides downwards out of the rectangular through hole 1b under the action of the axial thrust of the transmission rod 4, the power of the drill cylinder 1 and the transmission rod 4 is interrupted, the gear box 5, the supporting plate 2 and the drill rod 3 integrally move downwards until the lower end of the drill rod 3 exceeds the lower end of the cutting tool 1a, and then the drill rod 3 rotates under the transmission of the transmission rod 4 and the gear box 5, so that small holes are drilled in the surface of the rock layer. After the small holes are formed, the transmission rod 4 drives the gear box 5, the supporting plate 2 and the drill rod 3 to integrally move upwards until the rectangular block 4a slides into the rectangular through hole 1b again, at the moment, the transmission rod 4 can drive the drill bit to integrally rotate again, and the drill cylinder 1 can smoothly smash rock strata with the small holes.

Because only axial sliding fit exists between the support plate 2 and the drill barrel 1, in the normal tunneling process, the gear box 5, the support plate 2 and the drill rod 3 can be kept in the drill barrel 1 in a relatively static manner, the drill rod 3 cannot rotate, after the rectangular block 4a is separated from the rectangular through hole 1b downwards, the power of the transmission rod 4 and the drill barrel 1 is interrupted, and the transmission rod 4 can drive the drill rod 3 to rotate.

In this embodiment, the rectangular block 4a is provided with an inner locking hole 4b transversely arranged, the wall of the rectangular through hole 1b is provided with an outer locking hole 1f, the locking mechanism 6 is a locking pin, and the locking pin is inserted into the outer locking hole 1f and the inner locking hole 4b to lock the rectangular block 4 a. In practical application, the disassembly and assembly of the lock pin can be controlled manually, and the screw rod motor can also be used for automatic control.

As shown in fig. 3, the drill rods 3 are distributed on the support plate 2 in a cross shape, the gear box 5 is internally provided with a driving gear 5a and driven gears 5b with the same number as the drill rods 3, the upper ends of the drill rods 3 are rotatably mounted on the support plate 2, the upper ends of the drill rods 3 penetrate through the support plate 2, and the driven gears 5b are fixedly connected with the drill rods 3 in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The driving gear 5a is arranged at the center of the supporting plate 2, the driven gears 5b are distributed in a cross shape in two diameter directions of the driving gear 5a, the driven gears 5b are in power connection with the driving gear 5a in a direct or indirect meshing mode, and the lower end of the transmission rod 4 is fixedly connected with the driving gear 5 a. Based on this, when the power of the transmission rod 4 and the drill barrel 1 is cut off, the transmission rod 4 can drive all the drill rods 3 to rotate.

The lower part of the drill cylinder 1 is fixedly provided with a positioning plate 1c, the positioning plate 1c is provided with an avoiding hole 1d coinciding with the axis of the drill rod 3, when the drill rod 3 moves downwards, the drill rod 3 penetrates through the avoiding hole 1d, the swinging caused by the overlarge length of the drill rod 3 can be prevented, and the stability of drilling is improved.

Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill bit comprises a drill cylinder (1), wherein a cutting tool (1a) is installed at the lower end of the drill cylinder (1), and the drill bit is characterized in that: the drill pipe is characterized in that a supporting plate (2) is installed inside the drill pipe (1) in a vertically sliding mode, a plurality of drill pipes (3) are installed on the supporting plate (2) in a rotating mode, each drill pipe (3) is arranged along the height direction of the drill pipe (1), a first power source used for driving the supporting plate (2) to slide vertically is arranged inside the drill pipe (1), and a second power source used for driving the drill pipes (3) to rotate is arranged inside the drill pipe (1).

2. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the drill barrel (1) is connected with a transmission rod (4), and the first power source and the second power source are both derived from the transmission rod (4).

3. The drill bit of claim 2, wherein: each pass through gear box (5) power connection between drilling rod (3) and transfer line (4), bore a section of thick bamboo (1) upper end and be equipped with rectangle through-hole (1b), transfer line (4) have with rectangle through-hole (1b) assorted rectangle piece (4a), be equipped with locking mechanism (6) between rectangle piece (4a) and rectangle through-hole (1b), after locking mechanism (6) unblock, rectangle piece (4a) can be at axial thrust of transfer line (4) downward roll-off rectangle through-hole (1 b).

4. The drill bit of claim 3, wherein: a driving gear (5a) and driven gears (5b) with the same number as the drill rods (3) are arranged in the gear box (5), the driven gears (5b) are connected with the driving gear (5a) in a direct or indirect meshing mode, and the driving gear (5a) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the transmission rod (4); the upper ends of the drill rods (3) are rotatably arranged on the supporting plate (2) and are fixedly connected to the driven gears (5b) in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

5. The drill bit of claim 4, wherein: the driven gears (5b) are distributed in a cross shape in two diameter directions of the driving gear (5 a).

6. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the drill pipe is characterized in that a positioning plate (1c) is fixedly mounted on the lower portion of the drill pipe (1), and a avoiding hole (1d) coinciding with the axis of the drill rod (3) is formed in the positioning plate (1 c).

7. The drill bit of claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the drill cylinder (1) is provided with a guide groove (1e) extending along the height direction of the drill cylinder, and the support plate (2) is provided with a guide block (2a) in sliding connection with the guide groove (1 e).

8. The drill bit of claim 3, wherein: the lock is characterized in that an inner lock hole (4b) is formed in the rectangular block (4a), an outer lock hole (1f) is formed in the wall of the rectangular through hole (1b), the locking mechanism (6) is a lock pin, and the lock pin is inserted into the outer lock hole (1f) and the inner lock hole (4b) in a locking state.