CN217422059U

CN217422059U - 16+ 16-gear tractor gearbox and tractor

Info

Publication number: CN217422059U
Application number: CN202221173337.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 樊建; 赵文科; 朱晓岩; 付帅; 王志全; 潘龙龙; 朱昊; 张西忠; 白恒; 王恒; 李金鹏
Original assignee: Weichai Lovol Heavy Industry Co Ltd
Current assignee: Weichai Lovol Intelligent Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-05-16
Filing date: 2022-05-16
Publication date: 2022-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-16

Abstract

The utility model provides a 16+16 keeps off tractor gearbox and tractor. The tractor gearbox is characterized in that a gear is mounted on the left side of a four-gear and forward gear shaft of the tractor gearbox, gears are mounted on two sides of a reverse and forward driven gear shaft, and a gear is mounted on the right side of a main gearbox output shaft; a main speed change input shaft is coaxially arranged at one end of a four-gear and forward-gear shaft, an auxiliary speed change output shaft is coaxially arranged at one end of the main speed change output shaft, a reverse gear synchronizer and a forward gear synchronizer are connected to one end of the main speed change input shaft through splines, a reverse and forward driven gear shaft is rotatably sleeved at the left side of the main speed change output shaft, a gear at the left side of the four-gear and forward-gear shaft is meshed with a gear at the right side of the reverse and forward driven gear shaft, a three-gear and four-gear synchronizer is connected to the main speed change output shaft through splines, and a high-low gear meshing sleeve is connected to one end of the auxiliary speed change output shaft through splines; the main speed change mechanism is arranged on a gear shaft of the four-gear and forward gear, and the auxiliary speed change mechanism is arranged on an auxiliary speed change output shaft.

Description

16+ 16-gear tractor gearbox and tractor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a gearbox technical field especially relates to a 16+16 keeps off tractor gearbox and tractor.

Background

At present, a tractor realizes multiple operation functions of the tractor through a variable speed transmission mechanism, and is a very common technology, most tractor gearboxes are in a combined form of various variable speed sections, forward and backward, main speed change and auxiliary speed change are common, forward and backward intervals are basically set independently, and independent forward and backward gears are arranged, so that the tractor is complex and not beneficial to cost reduction; the market is more and more urgent to the tractor demand that has the low-speed function, and the change structural style of auxiliary transmission is required generally just to satisfy the low-speed demand, and common auxiliary transmission planetary gear speed reduction or multistage external gear carry out the speed reduction, leads to the cost to rise for satisfying single function.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that to prior art not enough, provide a 16+16 fender tractor gearbox and tractor.

The utility model provides an above-mentioned technical problem's technical scheme as follows: a 16+16 speed tractor transmission, comprising: the transmission comprises a shell, a reverse gear synchronizer, a forward gear synchronizer, a four-gear and forward gear shaft, a reverse and forward driven gear shaft, a main transmission output shaft, a main transmission mechanism and an auxiliary transmission mechanism, wherein the reverse gear synchronizer, the four-gear and forward gear shaft, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft, the main transmission output shaft, the main transmission mechanism and the auxiliary transmission mechanism are arranged in the shell; a gear is fixedly arranged on the left side of the four-gear and forward-gear shaft, gears are fixedly arranged on two sides of the backward and forward driven gear shaft, and a gear is fixedly arranged on the right side of the main variable-speed output shaft; a main variable-speed input shaft used for being connected with an engine is coaxially arranged at one end of the four-gear and forward-gear shaft, one end of the main variable-speed input shaft is positioned in the shell, and the other end of the main variable-speed input shaft is positioned outside the shell; an auxiliary speed change output shaft is coaxially arranged at one end of the main speed change output shaft, and the main speed change output shaft and a four-gear and forward gear shaft are arranged at intervals; a reverse gear synchronizer and a forward gear synchronizer are connected to one end, located in the shell, of the main transmission input shaft through a spline, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft is rotatably sleeved on the left side of the main transmission output shaft, a gear on the left side of the four-gear and forward driven gear shaft is meshed with a gear on the right side of the reverse and forward driven gear shaft, a third-fourth gear synchronizer is connected to the main transmission output shaft through a spline and is located on the right side of the reverse and forward driven gear shaft, and a high-low gear meshing sleeve is connected to one end, close to the main transmission output shaft, of the auxiliary transmission output shaft through a spline; the main speed change mechanism is mounted on the four-gear and forward-gear shaft, and the auxiliary speed change mechanism is mounted on the auxiliary speed change output shaft.

Adopt the utility model discloses technical scheme's beneficial effect is: the traditional forward, backward and main gear speed intervals are combined together, namely, the shuttle type gear shifting interval is placed into the main gear section, the independent interval of forward and backward is cancelled, the main gear transmission interval is placed, the independent forward gear group is cancelled, and the forward gear 4 gear is shared, so that the forward gear transmission efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Further, the main transmission mechanism includes: a third gear driving gear, a second gear driving gear and a first gear driving gear are fixedly installed on the fourth gear and forward gear shaft from left to right respectively, the third gear driving gear is adjacent to a gear on the left side of the fourth gear and forward gear shaft, a third gear driven gear, a second gear driven gear and a first gear driven gear are rotatably installed on the main speed change output shaft from left to right, the third gear driven gear is located on the right side of the third-fourth gear synchronizer, a second-gear synchronizer is installed between the second gear driven gear and the first gear driven gear, and the second-gear synchronizer is connected to the main speed change output shaft through a spline; the three-gear driving gear is meshed with the three-gear driven gear, the two-gear driving gear is meshed with the two-gear driven gear, and the one-gear driving gear is meshed with the one-gear driven gear.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the forward gear and the main transmission gear are shared, and the gear number of the transmission is reduced; the method comprises the steps of hooking a reverse gear synchronizer and a forward gear synchronizer, hooking a forward gear, and enabling power to enter a four-gear and forward gear shaft from an engine, a main speed change input shaft, the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer in sequence, wherein the four-gear and forward gear shaft rotates anticlockwise as the engine rotates, and the four-gear and forward gear shaft is used as a driving gear shaft for driving speed change. The independent interval of advancing and retreating is cancelled, the main transmission interval is placed, the independent advancing gear group is cancelled, the advancing gear 4-gear is shared, the transmission efficiency of the advancing gear is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Furthermore, when the first gear of the forward gear is shifted, the synchronizer of the reverse gear and the forward gear moves to the right, the main transmission input shaft drives the gear shaft of the fourth gear and the forward gear to rotate, the driving gear of the first gear is meshed with the driven gear of the first gear, the synchronizer of the second gear moves to the right, the driven gear of the first gear drives the main transmission output shaft to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft to rotate; when the forward gear is in the second gear, the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer move rightwards, the main gear input shaft drives the gear shaft of the fourth gear and the forward gear to rotate, the second gear driving gear is meshed with the second gear driven gear, the second gear synchronizer moves leftwards, the second gear driven gear drives the main gear output shaft to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve moves leftwards, and the main gear output shaft drives the auxiliary gear output shaft to rotate; when the forward gear is in a third gear, the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer move rightwards, the main transmission input shaft drives the gear shaft of the fourth gear and the forward gear to rotate, the third gear driving gear is meshed with the third gear driven gear, the third gear synchronizer and the fourth gear synchronizer move rightwards, the third gear driven gear drives the main transmission output shaft to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve moves leftwards, and the main transmission output shaft drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft to rotate; when the forward gear is in the fourth gear, the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer move to the right, the main transmission input shaft drives the gear shaft of the fourth gear and the forward gear to rotate, a gear on the left side of the gear shaft of the fourth gear and the forward gear is meshed with the gear shaft of the reverse gear and the forward gear, the third gear synchronizer and the fourth gear synchronizer move to the left, the gear shaft of the reverse gear and the forward gear drives the main transmission output shaft to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft to rotate.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the forward gear and the main transmission gear are shared, and the gear number of the transmission is reduced; the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer are connected, forward gears are connected, power sequentially enters a four-gear and forward gear shaft from an engine, a main speed change input shaft, the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer, the four-gear and forward gear shaft rotates anticlockwise as the engine rotates, and the four-gear and forward gear shaft serves as a driving gear shaft for main speed change. The independent interval of advancing and retreating is cancelled, the main transmission interval is placed, the independent advancing gear group is cancelled, the advancing gear 4-gear is shared, the transmission efficiency of the advancing gear is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Furthermore, a reverse gear driving gear is rotatably mounted on the main speed change input shaft and is located on the left side of the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer, the reverse gear driving gear is meshed with the reverse and forward driven gear shaft through a reverse gear idler gear, and the reverse gear idler gear is rotatably mounted on the front cover of the shell.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the method comprises the following steps that a reverse gear synchronizer and a forward gear synchronizer are connected, a reverse gear is connected, power is transmitted from an engine, a main variable-speed input shaft, the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer, a reverse gear driving gear, a reverse gear idle gear, a reverse and forward driven gear shaft to a four-gear and forward gear shaft, the four-gear and forward gear shaft is opposite to the engine in rotation direction and rotates clockwise, and the four-gear and forward gear shaft is used as a driving gear shaft of main variable speed and is opposite to the forward gear in rotation direction, so that the reverse gear is realized; the reverse and forward driven gear shaft is a pair gear of an auxiliary transmission and a constant meshing and low gear, so that the gear shaft of the four-gear and forward gear realizes reverse rotation and reverse gear. The independent forward and backward moving interval is eliminated, the main transmission interval is arranged, the independent forward gear group is eliminated, the forward gear 4 gear is shared, the forward gear transmission efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Further, when the first gear is shifted in a reverse gear, the synchronizer for the reverse gear and the forward gear moves to the left, the main transmission input shaft drives the driving gear for the reverse gear to rotate, the driving gear for the reverse gear drives the driven gear shaft for the reverse and forward gear to rotate through the idler gear for the reverse gear, the driven gear shaft for the reverse and forward gear is meshed with the gear shaft for the fourth gear and the forward gear, the driving gear for the first gear is meshed with the driven gear for the first gear, the synchronizer for the second gear moves to the right, the driven gear for the first gear drives the main transmission output shaft to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft to rotate; when the two gears are in the reverse gear, the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer move to the left, the main transmission input shaft drives the reverse gear driving gear to rotate, the reverse gear driving gear drives the reverse and forward driven gear shaft to rotate through a reverse gear idler, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft is meshed with the four-gear and forward gear shaft, the two gear driving gear is meshed with the two gear driven gear, the first and second gear synchronizer moves to the left, the two gear driven gear drives the main transmission output shaft to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft to rotate; when the three-gear is reversed, the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer move left, the main transmission input shaft drives the reverse gear driving gear to rotate, the reverse gear driving gear drives the reverse and forward driven gear shaft to rotate through a reverse gear idler gear, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft is meshed with the fourth and forward gear shaft, the three-gear driving gear is meshed with the three-gear driven gear, the three-four-gear synchronizer moves right, the three-gear driven gear drives the main transmission output shaft to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve moves left, and the main transmission output shaft drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft to rotate; when the reverse gear is in the fourth gear, the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer move to the left, the main transmission input shaft drives the reverse gear driving gear to rotate, the reverse gear driving gear drives the reverse and forward driven gear shaft to rotate through the reverse gear idler, the third and fourth gear synchronizer moves to the left, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft drives the main transmission output shaft to rotate, the high and low gear meshing sleeve moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft to rotate.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the method comprises the following steps that a reverse gear synchronizer and a forward gear synchronizer are connected, reverse gear is connected, power is transmitted from an engine, a main speed change input shaft, the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer, a reverse gear driving gear, a reverse gear idle gear, a reverse and forward driven gear shaft to a fourth gear and forward gear shaft, the fourth gear and forward gear shaft is opposite to the engine in rotation direction and rotates clockwise, and the fourth gear and forward gear shaft is used as a driving gear shaft of main speed change and is opposite to the forward gear in rotation direction, so that reverse gear is achieved; the reverse and forward driven gear shaft is a pair gear of an auxiliary transmission and a constant meshing and low gear, so that the gear shaft of the four-gear and forward gear realizes reverse rotation and reverse gear. The independent interval of advancing and retreating is cancelled, the main transmission interval is placed, the independent advancing gear group is cancelled, the advancing gear 4-gear is shared, the transmission efficiency of the advancing gear is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Further, still include: an auxiliary transmission drive shaft located below the main transmission output shaft and the auxiliary transmission output shaft; the sub-transmission mechanism includes: the low-gear and crawling gear shaft and the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear, the middle-gear and crawling gear meshing sleeve, the crawling gear driven gear and the middle-gear driving gear are fixedly arranged on two sides of the low-gear and crawling gear shaft and the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear respectively, the low-gear and crawling gear shaft is rotatably arranged on the left side of the auxiliary transmission output shaft, the low-gear and crawling gear shaft is positioned on the right side of the high-low gear meshing sleeve, the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear is rotatably arranged on the left side of the auxiliary transmission driving shaft, a left side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear is meshed with a right side gear of the main transmission output shaft, a right side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear is meshed with a left side gear of the low-gear and crawling gear shaft, and a right side gear of the low-gear and crawling gear shaft is meshed with the crawling gear driven gear, the crawling gear meshing sleeve is connected to the auxiliary speed change driving shaft through splines, the crawling gear meshing sleeve, the crawling gear driven gear and the middle gear driving gear are sequentially arranged between the auxiliary speed change normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear and the auxiliary speed change driving shaft at intervals from left to right, the crawling gear driven gear is rotatably mounted on the auxiliary speed change driving shaft, the middle gear driving gear is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary speed change driving shaft, the middle gear driven gear is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary speed change output shaft, the middle gear driven gear is located on the right side of the low-gear and crawling gear shaft, and the middle gear driven gear is meshed with the middle gear driving gear.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: satisfy the low-speed demand, the auxiliary transmission needs 4 grades of speed reductions, for the utilization ratio that improves the gear, except crawling keep off the gear all the other 3 gears realize low gear and well gear function, have the configuration of crawling fender again on richening the basis that keeps off the position, improve product competitiveness. Low-gear power transmission route: the main speed change output shaft, the auxiliary speed change normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear, the low-gear and crawling gear shaft and the high-low gear meshing sleeve are connected to the auxiliary speed change output shaft. Middle gear power transmission route: the main transmission output shaft, the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low gear duplicate gear, the intermediate gear and crawling gear meshing sleeve, the auxiliary transmission driving shaft, the intermediate gear driving gear, the intermediate gear driven gear and the auxiliary transmission output shaft. High-gear power transmission route: the main transmission output shaft and the high-low gear meshing sleeve are connected to the auxiliary transmission output shaft. The low gear and the middle gear are separated on the basis of the auxiliary variable speed crawling gear route, so that the crawling gear requirement of a user is met, and other speed requirements such as low gear and middle gear can be met.

Furthermore, when the crawling gear is shifted, the main transmission output shaft rotates, the right side gear of the main transmission output shaft is meshed with the left side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low-shift duplicate gear, the right side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low-shift duplicate gear is meshed with the left side gear of the low-shift and crawling gear shaft, the right side gear of the low-shift and crawling gear shaft is meshed with the crawling gear driven gear, the middle-shift and crawling gear meshing sleeve moves to the right, the crawling gear driven gear drives the auxiliary transmission driving shaft to rotate, the middle-shift driving gear is meshed with the middle-shift driven gear, and the middle-shift driven gear drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft to rotate; when the gear is in a low gear, the main transmission output shaft rotates, the right side gear of the main transmission output shaft is meshed with the left side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low gear dual gear, the right side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low gear dual gear is meshed with the left side gear of the low gear and crawling gear shaft, the high and low gear meshing sleeve moves to the right, and the low gear and crawling gear shaft drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft to rotate; when the intermediate gear is shifted, the main transmission output shaft rotates, the right side gear of the main transmission output shaft is meshed with the left side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low-shift duplicate gear, the crawling shift meshing sleeve moves leftwards, the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low-shift duplicate gear drives the auxiliary transmission driving shaft to rotate, the intermediate gear driving gear is meshed with the intermediate gear driven gear, and the intermediate gear driven gear drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft to rotate; when the high gear is shifted, the main speed change output shaft rotates, the high-low gear meshing sleeve moves leftwards, and the main speed change output shaft drives the auxiliary speed change output shaft to rotate.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: satisfy the low-speed demand, the auxiliary transmission needs 4 grades of speed reductions, and for the utilization ratio that improves the gear, except crawling fender gear all the other 3 counter gear realize low-gear and well fender functions, have the configuration of crawling fender again on the basis of richening the fender position, improve product competitiveness. Low-gear power transmission route: the main speed change output shaft, the auxiliary speed change normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear, the low-gear and crawling gear shaft and the high-low gear meshing sleeve are connected to the auxiliary speed change output shaft. Middle gear power transmission route: the auxiliary transmission gear comprises a main transmission output shaft, an auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low-gear duplicate gear, a middle gear and crawling gear meshing sleeve, an auxiliary transmission driving shaft, a middle gear driving gear, a middle gear driven gear and an auxiliary transmission output shaft. High-gear power transmission route: the main transmission output shaft and the high-low gear meshing sleeve are connected to the auxiliary transmission output shaft. The low gear and middle gear intervals are divided on the basis of the auxiliary variable speed crawling gear route, the crawling gear requirement of a user is met, and other speed requirements such as low gear and middle gear can be met.

Furthermore, the middle part of the main transmission input shaft, the right side of the four-gear and forward-gear shaft, the left side of the reverse and forward driven gear shaft, the right side of the main transmission output shaft, the right side of the auxiliary transmission output shaft and the two sides of the auxiliary transmission driving shaft are rotatably installed in the shell through bearings, the left side of the four-gear and forward-gear shaft is sleeved on the right side of the main transmission input shaft, and the right side of the main transmission output shaft is sleeved on the left side of the auxiliary transmission output shaft.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: through the supporting structure and the position relation of each transmission shaft, the gearbox is compact in structure, convenient to install and maintain and low in cost.

Furthermore, the utility model also provides a tractor, including above-mentioned arbitrary one 16+16 keep off tractor gearbox.

Adopt the utility model discloses technical scheme's beneficial effect is: the traditional forward, backward and main gear speed intervals are combined together, namely, the shuttle type gear shifting interval is placed into the main gear section, the independent interval of forward and backward is cancelled, the main gear transmission interval is placed, the independent forward gear group is cancelled, the forward gear 4 gear is shared, the forward gear transmission efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of the tractor transmission provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of a gearbox of a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a third schematic structural view of a gearbox of a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a fourth schematic structural view of the gearbox of the tractor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a fifth schematic view of a structure of a gearbox of a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a sixth schematic structural view of a gearbox of a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a seventh schematic structural diagram of a tractor transmission provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an eighth schematic structural view of a gearbox of a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a ninth schematic structural view of a gearbox of a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a tenth schematic structural diagram of a gearbox of a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numbers illustrate: 1. a reverse gear idler wheel; 2. a reverse drive gear; 3. a reverse and forward gear synchronizer; 4. a fourth and forward gear shaft; 5. a third gear drive gear; 6. two-gear driving gear; 7. A first gear driving gear; 8. a driven gear shaft moving backward and forward; 9. a third and fourth gear synchronizer; 10. a third-gear driven gear; 11. a second driven gear; 12. a second synchronizer; 13. a first-gear driven gear; 14. a main transmission output shaft; 15. a high-low gear meshing sleeve; 16. a low-gear and crawling gear shaft; 17. a middle-gear driven gear; 18. the auxiliary transmission is a normally meshed and low-gear duplicate gear; 19. the middle gear and the crawling gear are meshed with each other; 20. a creep gear driven gear; 21. a middle gear driving gear; 22. an auxiliary transmission drive shaft; 23. a sub-transmission output shaft; 24. a main variable speed input shaft; 25. a housing.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the examples given are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a 16+16 keep off tractor gearbox, include: a housing 25, and a reverse and forward gear synchronizer 3, a fourth gear and forward gear shaft 4, a reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8, a main transmission output shaft 14, a main transmission mechanism and an auxiliary transmission mechanism which are installed in the housing 25; a gear is fixedly arranged on the left side of the four-gear and forward-gear shaft 4, gears are fixedly arranged on two sides of the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8, and a gear is fixedly arranged on the right side of the main variable-speed output shaft 14; a main-gear-shift input shaft 24 for connecting an engine is coaxially arranged at one end of the four-gear and front-gear shaft 4, one end of the main-gear-shift input shaft 24 is positioned in the shell 25, and the other end of the main-gear-shift input shaft is positioned outside the shell 25; an auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 is coaxially arranged at one end of the main transmission output shaft 14, and the main transmission output shaft 14 and the four-gear and forward-gear shaft 4 are arranged at intervals; the main transmission input shaft 24 is in splined connection with a reverse gear synchronizer 3 and a forward gear synchronizer 3 at one end in the shell 25, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 is rotatably sleeved at the left side of the main transmission output shaft 14, a gear at the left side of the four-gear and forward gear shaft 4 is meshed with a gear at the right side of the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8, the main transmission output shaft 14 is in splined connection with a three-four gear synchronizer 9, the three-four gear synchronizer 9 is positioned at the right side of the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8, and one end of the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 close to the main transmission output shaft 14 is in splined connection with a high-low gear meshing sleeve 15; the main transmission mechanism is mounted on the fourth and forward gear shaft 4, and the sub transmission mechanism is mounted on the sub transmission output shaft 23.

The reverse and forward gear synchronizer 3 is used for switching a reverse gear and a forward gear, the four-gear and forward gear shaft 4 is used for transmitting power, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 is used for transmitting reverse power, a main speed change mechanism and an auxiliary speed change mechanism have a four-gear speed regulation function, and the auxiliary speed change output shaft 23 is positioned on the right side of the main speed change output shaft 14.

The main transmission output shaft 14 is connected with a three-four-gear synchronizer 9 through a spline, so that the three-four-gear synchronizer 9 can be installed on the main transmission output shaft 14 in a manner of radial limiting along the main transmission output shaft 14 and sliding along the axial direction of the main transmission output shaft 14, and other spline connections can be replaced by other structures capable of realizing axial movement and radial limiting similarly.

Further, the main transmission mechanism includes: a three-gear driving gear 5, a two-gear driving gear 6 and a one-gear driving gear 7 which are fixedly installed on the four-gear and forward-gear shaft 4 from left to right respectively, wherein the three-gear driving gear 5 is adjacent to a gear on the left side of the four-gear and forward-gear shaft 4, a three-gear driven gear 10, a two-gear driven gear 11 and a one-gear driven gear 13 are installed on the main speed change output shaft 14 from left to right in a rotating mode, the three-gear driven gear 10 is located on the right side of the three-four-gear synchronizer 9, a two-gear synchronizer 12 is installed between the two-gear driven gear 11 and the one-gear driven gear 13, and the two-gear synchronizer 12 is connected to the main speed change output shaft 14 through splines; the third gear driving gear 5 is engaged with the third gear driven gear 10, the second gear driving gear 6 is engaged with the second gear driven gear 11, and the first gear driving gear 7 is engaged with the first gear driven gear 13.

Further, when the forward gear and the first gear are shifted, the reverse gear synchronizer 3 and the forward gear synchronizer 3 move to the right, the main transmission input shaft 24 drives the gear shaft 4 of the fourth gear and the forward gear to rotate, the first gear driving gear 7 is meshed with the first gear driven gear 13, the second gear synchronizer 12 moves to the right, the first gear driven gear 13 drives the main transmission output shaft 14 to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve 15 moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft 14 drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 to rotate; when the forward gear is in the second gear, the reverse gear synchronizer 3 and the forward gear synchronizer 3 move to the right, the main transmission input shaft 24 drives the gear shaft 4 with the fourth gear and the forward gear to rotate, the second driving gear 6 is meshed with the second driven gear 11, the first gear synchronizer 12 and the second synchronizer 12 move to the left, the second driven gear 11 drives the main transmission output shaft 14 to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve 15 moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft 14 drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 to rotate; when the forward gear is in the third gear, the reverse gear synchronizer 3 and the forward gear synchronizer 3 move to the right, the main transmission input shaft 24 drives the four-gear and forward gear shaft 4 to rotate, the three-gear driving gear 5 is meshed with the three-gear driven gear 10, the three-gear and four-gear synchronizer 9 moves to the right, the three-gear driven gear 10 drives the main transmission output shaft 14 to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve 15 moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft 14 drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 to rotate; when the forward gear is in the fourth gear, the reverse gear synchronizer 3 and the forward gear synchronizer 3 move to the right, the main transmission input shaft 24 drives the fourth gear and forward gear shaft 4 to rotate, a gear on the left side of the fourth gear and forward gear shaft 4 is meshed with the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8, the third and fourth gear synchronizer 9 moves to the left, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 drives the main transmission output shaft 14 to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve 15 moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft 14 drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 to rotate.

Further, a reverse gear driving gear 2 is rotatably mounted on the main transmission input shaft 24, the reverse gear driving gear 2 is located on the left side of the reverse gear and forward gear synchronizer 3, the reverse gear driving gear 2 is meshed with the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 through a reverse gear idler 1, and the reverse gear idler 1 is rotatably mounted on a front cover of the shell 25.

Further, when the first gear is reversed, the reverse gear synchronizer 3 and the forward gear synchronizer 3 move to the left, the main transmission input shaft 24 drives the reverse gear driving gear 2 to rotate, the reverse gear driving gear 2 drives the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 to rotate through the reverse gear idler 1, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 is meshed with the fourth gear and forward gear shaft 4, the first gear driving gear 7 is meshed with the first gear driven gear 13, the second gear synchronizer 12 moves to the right, the first gear driven gear 13 drives the main transmission output shaft 14 to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve 15 moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft 14 drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 to rotate; when the two gears are in the reverse gear, the synchronizer 3 for the reverse gear and the forward gear moves to the left, the main transmission input shaft 24 drives the reverse gear driving gear 2 to rotate, the reverse gear driving gear 2 drives the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 to rotate through the reverse gear idler 1, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 is meshed with the gear shaft 4 for the fourth gear and the forward gear, the two gear driving gear 6 is meshed with the two gear driven gear 11, the synchronizer 12 for the first gear and the second gear moves to the left, the two gear driven gear 11 drives the main transmission output shaft 14 to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve 15 moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft 14 drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 to rotate; when the third gear is shifted in a reverse gear, the reverse gear synchronizer 3 and the forward gear synchronizer 3 move to the left, the main transmission input shaft 24 drives the reverse gear driving gear 2 to rotate, the reverse gear driving gear 2 drives the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 to rotate through the reverse gear idler 1, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 is meshed with the fourth and forward gear shaft 4, the third gear driving gear 5 is meshed with the third gear driven gear 10, the third and fourth gear synchronizer 9 moves to the right, the third gear driven gear 10 drives the main transmission output shaft 14 to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve 15 moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft 14 drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 to rotate; when the reverse gear and the fourth gear are shifted, the reverse gear synchronizer 3 and the forward gear synchronizer 3 move to the left, the main transmission input shaft 24 drives the reverse gear driving gear 2 to rotate, the reverse gear driving gear 2 drives the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 to rotate through the reverse gear idler 1, the third and fourth gear synchronizer 9 moves to the left, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8 drives the main transmission output shaft 14 to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve 15 moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft 14 drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 to rotate.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the method comprises the following steps that a reverse gear synchronizer and a forward gear synchronizer are connected, a reverse gear is connected, power is transmitted from an engine, a main variable-speed input shaft, the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer, a reverse gear driving gear, a reverse gear idle gear, a reverse and forward driven gear shaft to a four-gear and forward gear shaft, the four-gear and forward gear shaft is opposite to the engine in rotation direction and rotates clockwise, and the four-gear and forward gear shaft is used as a driving gear shaft of main variable speed and is opposite to the forward gear in rotation direction, so that the reverse gear is realized; the reverse and forward driven gear shaft is a pair of auxiliary speed change normally meshed and low-gear dual gear, so that the four-gear and forward gear shaft can realize reverse rotation, and reverse gear is realized. The independent interval of advancing and retreating is cancelled, the main transmission interval is placed, the independent advancing gear group is cancelled, the advancing gear 4-gear is shared, the transmission efficiency of the advancing gear is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Further, still include: a secondary transmission driveshaft 22, said secondary transmission driveshaft 22 being located below said main transmission output shaft 14 and said secondary transmission output shaft 23; the sub-transmission mechanism includes: a low-gear and creep-gear pinion shaft 16, an auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear 18, a middle-gear and creep-gear meshing sleeve 19, a creep-gear driven gear 20 and a middle-gear driving gear 21, wherein gears are respectively fixedly arranged on two sides of the low-gear and creep-gear pinion shaft 16 and two sides of the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear 18, the low-gear and creep-gear pinion shaft 16 is rotatably arranged on the left side of an auxiliary transmission output shaft 23, the low-gear and creep-gear pinion shaft 16 is arranged on the right side of the high-low gear meshing sleeve 15, the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear 18 is rotatably arranged on the left side of an auxiliary transmission driving shaft 22, a left side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear 18 is meshed with a right side gear of the main transmission output shaft 14, a right side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear 18 is meshed with a left side gear of the low-gear and creep-gear pinion shaft 16, the right side gear of the low-gear and crawling-gear shaft 16 is meshed with the crawling-gear driven gear 20, the crawling-gear meshing sleeve 19 is connected to the auxiliary transmission driving shaft 22 in a spline mode, the crawling-gear meshing sleeve 19, the crawling-gear driven gear 20 and the middle-gear driving gear 21 are sequentially arranged between the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear 18 and the auxiliary transmission driving shaft 22 at intervals from left to right, the crawling-gear driven gear 20 is rotatably installed on the auxiliary transmission driving shaft 22, the middle-gear driving gear 21 is fixedly installed on the auxiliary transmission driving shaft 22, the middle-gear driven gear 17 is fixedly installed on the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23, the middle-gear driven gear 17 is located on the right side of the low-gear and crawling-gear shaft 16, and the middle-gear driven gear 17 is meshed with the middle-gear driving gear 21.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: satisfy the low-speed demand, the auxiliary transmission needs 4 grades of speed reductions, for the utilization ratio that improves the gear, except crawling keep off the gear all the other 3 gears realize low gear and well gear function, have the configuration of crawling fender again on richening the basis that keeps off the position, improve product competitiveness. Low-gear power transmission route: the main variable-speed output shaft, the auxiliary variable-speed normally meshed and low-gear duplicate gear, the low-gear and crawling gear shaft and the high-low gear meshing sleeve are connected to the auxiliary variable-speed output shaft. Middle gear power transmission route: the auxiliary transmission gear comprises a main transmission output shaft, an auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low-gear duplicate gear, a middle gear and crawling gear meshing sleeve, an auxiliary transmission driving shaft, a middle gear driving gear, a middle gear driven gear and an auxiliary transmission output shaft. High-gear power transmission route: the main transmission output shaft and the high-low gear meshing sleeve are connected to the auxiliary transmission output shaft. The low gear and middle gear intervals are divided on the basis of the auxiliary variable speed crawling gear route, the crawling gear requirement of a user is met, and other speed requirements such as low gear and middle gear can be met.

Further, when the crawler gear is in a crawling gear position, the main transmission output shaft 14 rotates, a right side gear of the main transmission output shaft 14 is meshed with a left side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low gear duplicate gear 18, a right side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low gear duplicate gear 18 is meshed with a left side gear of the low gear and crawling gear shaft 16, a right side gear of the low gear and crawling gear shaft 16 is meshed with the crawling gear driven gear 20, the middle gear and crawling gear meshing sleeve 19 moves to the right, the crawling gear driven gear 20 drives the auxiliary transmission driving shaft 22 to rotate, the middle gear driving gear 21 is meshed with the middle gear driven gear 17, and the middle gear driven gear 17 drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 to rotate; when the gear is in a low gear, the main transmission output shaft 14 rotates, a right side gear of the main transmission output shaft 14 is meshed with a left side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low gear duplicate gear 18, a right side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low gear duplicate gear 18 is meshed with a left side gear of the low gear and crawling gear shaft 16, the high-low gear meshing sleeve 15 moves rightwards, and the low gear and crawling gear shaft 16 drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 to rotate; when the intermediate gear is shifted, the main transmission output shaft 14 rotates, the right side gear of the main transmission output shaft 14 is meshed with the left side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low-shift duplicate gear 18, the crawling shift meshing sleeve 19 moves to the left, the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low-shift duplicate gear 18 drives the auxiliary transmission driving shaft 22 to rotate, the intermediate transmission driving gear 21 is meshed with the intermediate transmission driven gear 17, and the intermediate transmission driven gear 17 drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23 to rotate; in the high gear, the main gear output shaft 14 rotates, the high-low gear meshing sleeve 15 moves to the left, and the main gear output shaft 14 drives the auxiliary gear output shaft 23 to rotate.

Further, the middle of the main transmission input shaft 24, the right side of the four-gear and forward-gear shaft 4, the left side of the reverse and forward driven gear shaft 8, the right side of the main transmission output shaft 14, the right side of the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23, and both sides of the auxiliary transmission driving shaft 22 are rotatably mounted in the housing 25 through bearings, the left side of the four-gear and forward-gear shaft 4 is sleeved on the right side of the main transmission input shaft 24, and the right side of the main transmission output shaft 14 is sleeved on the left side of the auxiliary transmission output shaft 23.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: through the bearing structure and the position relation of designing each transmission shaft for gearbox compact structure, the installation and the maintenance of the gearbox of being convenient for reduce cost.

The combination gears of the forward gear, the reverse gear, the main gear mechanism and the auxiliary gear mechanism are as follows: a first forward gear and crawling gear, a second forward gear and crawling gear, a third forward gear and crawling gear, a fourth forward gear and crawling gear, a first reverse gear and crawling gear, a second reverse gear and crawling gear, a third reverse gear and crawling gear, a fourth reverse gear and crawling gear, a first forward gear and low gear, a second forward gear and low gear, a third forward gear and low gear, a fourth forward gear and low gear, a first reverse gear and low gear, a second reverse gear and low gear, a third reverse gear and low gear, a fourth forward gear and medium gear, a third forward gear and medium gear, a fourth forward gear and medium gear, a reverse gear and medium gear, a third reverse gear and medium gear, a reverse gear, a third forward gear and medium gear, a reverse gear, a fourth reverse gear and medium gear, a reverse gear, a third gear and medium gear, a reverse gear, a neutral gear, a reverse gear, a neutral gear, a reverse gear, a, The forward gear first gear and high gear, the forward gear second gear and high gear, the forward gear third gear and high gear, the forward gear fourth gear and high gear, the reverse gear first gear and high gear, the reverse gear second gear and high gear, the reverse gear third gear and high gear and the reverse gear fourth gear and high gear.

The forward gear, the main gear fourth gear and the auxiliary gear fourth gear are sequentially combined with the reverse gear, the main gear fourth gear and the auxiliary gear fourth gear to form 16+16 gears.

The utility model discloses 16+16 fender tractor gearbox, compact structure combines traditional forward, back and main gear speed interval together, puts shuttle section of shifting into main gear section, shares forward fender gear and main gear, reduces gearbox gear tooth number; satisfy the low-speed demand, the auxiliary transmission needs 4 grades of speed reductions, for the utilization ratio that improves the gear, except crawling keep off the gear all the other 3 gears realize low gear and well gear function, have the configuration of crawling fender again on richening the basis that keeps off the position, improve product competitiveness. The gear structure is (1+1) × 4 × 4. The gearbox is two speed interval sections.

The top double-headed arrow in the figure represents the left-right orientation.

In fig. 1, a broken line frame on the left side is a main shift portion, a broken line frame on the right side is an auxiliary shift portion, and the main shift portion is a reverse gear, a fourth gear, a third gear, a second gear, and a first gear; the auxiliary transmission part is a high gear, a resisting gear, a middle gear and a crawling gear. The main speed change comprises shuttle type gears 1, 2, 3 and 4, and the auxiliary speed change comprises crawling, low, medium and high gears.

A reverse gear idler wheel idles; a reverse gear driving gear idles; the reverse gear synchronizer and the forward gear synchronizer are in spline connection with the main variable speed input shaft of the transmission system and rotate normally; a fourth and forward gear shaft; the third-gear driving gear is in splined connection with a fourth-gear and forward-gear shaft; the second gear driving gear is in splined connection with a fourth gear and forward gear shaft; the first gear driving gear is in splined connection with a fourth gear and forward gear shaft; a driven gear shaft which moves backwards and forwards idles; the third-gear synchronizer, the fourth-gear synchronizer and the main transmission output shaft are connected by a spline; a third-gear driven gear idle; a second driven gear idles; the first-gear synchronizer and the second-gear synchronizer are in splined connection with the main transmission output shaft; a first-gear driven gear idling; a main gear output shaft and a main gear power output end; the high-low gear meshing sleeve is connected with the auxiliary variable speed output shaft through a spline; the front section of the low-gear and crawling gear shaft is a low-gear driven gear, and the rear section of the low-gear and crawling gear shaft is a crawling gear driving gear; the middle gear driven gear is connected with the auxiliary variable speed output shaft through a spline; the auxiliary transmission is normally meshed with the low-gear duplicate gear and idles; the middle gear and crawling gear meshing sleeve is connected with the auxiliary variable speed driving shaft through a spline of the meshing seat; a creep gear driven gear, idle; the middle gear driving gear is connected with the auxiliary variable speed driving shaft through a spline; the auxiliary transmission driving shaft, the auxiliary transmission output shaft and the main transmission input shaft are connected with the engine. The meshing of the corresponding gears and the rotating shaft is realized through the displacement of the synchronizer and the meshing sleeve.

Forward and reverse power transmission routes:

as shown in fig. 2, the broken line arrows in fig. 2 represent a power transmission path and a transmission direction, forward gears: the reverse and forward synchronizers engage forward, and power is transferred from the engine → the main shift input shaft → the reverse and forward synchronizers → the fourth and forward gear shaft, which rotates counterclockwise in the same direction as the engine rotation, and which serves as the driving gear shaft for the main shift. The forward gear, the gear 3, the high gear route diagram, the forward high gear 3, the meshing of 1 pair of gears, positive and negative.

As shown in fig. 3, the broken line arrows in fig. 3 represent the power transmission path and the transmission direction, reverse: a reverse and forward synchronizer for engaging reverse gear, and power from the engine → the main transmission input shaft → the reverse and forward synchronizer → a reverse drive gear → a reverse idler → a reverse and forward driven gear shaft → a fourth gear and forward gear pinion shaft, which is a drive gear shaft of the main transmission and rotates clockwise as opposed to the engine rotation direction, and which realizes reverse gear as opposed to the forward rotation direction; reverse gear, 3 gear and high gear are shown, reverse gear and high gear are shown, 4 pairs of gears are meshed, and positive, negative, positive, negative and positive are shown.

The reverse and forward driven gear shaft is a pair of auxiliary speed change normally meshed and low-gear dual gear, so that the four-gear and forward gear shaft can realize reverse rotation and reverse gear.

A four-speed main transmission line:

as shown in fig. 4, the broken line arrows in fig. 4 represent the power transmission path and the transmission direction, first gear: the first gear synchronizer, the second gear synchronizer, the first gear synchronizer, the power path synchronizer, the fourth gear and forward gear shaft → the first gear driven gear.

As shown in fig. 5, the broken-line arrows in fig. 5 represent the power transmission path and the transmission direction, and two: and a second-gear synchronizer is hung, a second gear synchronizer, a power path, a fourth gear and forward gear shaft → a second-gear driven gear are hung.

And (3) third gear: the third gear and the fourth gear synchronizer are connected, the third gear and the fourth gear are connected, the power path is connected, and the fourth gear and the forward gear are connected with the gear shaft → the third gear driven gear;

as shown in fig. 6, the broken line arrows in fig. 6 represent the power transmission path and the transmission direction, and fourth gear: the third gear and the fourth gear synchronizer are connected, the fourth gear is connected, the power path is connected, and the fourth gear and the forward gear are used together with the gear shaft → the reverse and the forward driven gear shaft; the main variable speed power is transmitted to a main variable speed output shaft which is an auxiliary variable speed input end.

Four-speed auxiliary transmission route

As shown in fig. 7, the broken line arrows in fig. 7 represent the power transmission path and the transmission direction, the creep speed: a power transmission route, namely, a main transmission output shaft → an auxiliary transmission normally engaged and low-gear duplicate gear → a low-gear and creep-gear shaft → a creep-gear driven gear → an auxiliary transmission driving shaft → a middle-gear driving gear → a middle-gear driven gear → an auxiliary transmission output shaft; the crawling gear route comprises a low gear, a crawling gear, a middle gear and a normally meshed gear, and 4-level speed reduction is realized.

As shown in fig. 8, the broken line arrows in fig. 8 represent the power transmission path and the transmission direction, and the low gear: the power transmission path is main transmission output shaft → auxiliary transmission normally engaged and low-gear duplicate gear → low-gear and creep-gear shaft → high-low gear engaging sleeve → auxiliary transmission output shaft.

As shown in fig. 9, the broken line arrows in fig. 9 represent the power transmission path and the transmission direction, the middle gear: the power transmission path includes the main transmission output shaft → the auxiliary transmission normally engaged and low-gear duplicate gear → the intermediate and creep gear engaging sleeve → the auxiliary transmission drive shaft → the intermediate drive gear → the intermediate driven gear → the auxiliary transmission output shaft.

As shown in fig. 10, the broken line arrows in fig. 10 represent the power transmission path and the transmission direction, and the high gear: and a power transmission path, namely a main transmission output shaft → a high-low gear meshing sleeve → an auxiliary transmission output shaft.

The low gear and middle gear intervals are divided on the basis of the auxiliary speed change crawling gear route, so that the crawling gear requirement of a user is met, and other speed requirements (low gear and middle gear) can be met. The independent interval of advancing and retreating is cancelled, the main transmission interval is placed, the independent advancing gear group is cancelled, the advancing gear 4-gear is shared, the transmission efficiency of the advancing gear is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the scope of the invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims

1. A16 +16 gear tractor gearbox, comprising: the transmission comprises a shell (25), and a reverse gear synchronizer (3) and a forward gear synchronizer (4), a four-gear and forward gear shaft (4), a reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8), a main transmission output shaft (14), a main transmission mechanism and a sub transmission mechanism which are arranged in the shell (25); a gear is fixedly arranged on the left side of the four-gear and forward-gear shaft (4), gears are fixedly arranged on two sides of the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8), and a gear is fixedly arranged on the right side of the main transmission output shaft (14);

one end of the four-gear and front-gear shaft (4) is coaxially provided with a main speed change input shaft (24) used for connecting an engine, one end of the main speed change input shaft (24) is positioned in the shell (25), and the other end of the main speed change input shaft is positioned outside the shell (25); one end of the main transmission output shaft (14) is coaxially provided with an auxiliary transmission output shaft (23), and the main transmission output shaft (14) and the four-gear and forward-gear shaft (4) are arranged at intervals;

one end of the main speed change input shaft (24) positioned in the shell (25) is in splined connection with a reverse gear synchronizer and a forward gear synchronizer (3), the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8) is rotatably sleeved on the left side of the main speed change output shaft (14), a gear on the left side of the four gear and forward gear shaft (4) is meshed with a gear on the right side of the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8), a third and fourth gear synchronizer (9) is in splined connection with the main speed change output shaft (14), the third and fourth gear synchronizer (9) is positioned on the right side of the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8), and one end of the auxiliary speed change output shaft (23) close to the main speed change output shaft (14) is in splined connection with a high-low gear meshing sleeve (15);

the main speed change mechanism is arranged on the four-gear and forward gear shaft (4), and the auxiliary speed change mechanism is arranged on the auxiliary speed change output shaft (23).

2. The 16+16 range tractor transmission of claim 1, wherein the main transmission mechanism comprises: a three-gear driving gear (5), a two-gear driving gear (6) and a one-gear driving gear (7) are fixedly mounted on the four-gear and forward-gear shaft (4) from left to right respectively, the three-gear driving gear (5) is adjacent to a gear on the left side of the four-gear and forward-gear shaft (4), a three-gear driven gear (10), a two-gear driven gear (11) and a one-gear driven gear (13) are rotatably mounted on the main speed change output shaft (14) from left to right, the three-gear driven gear (10) is located on the right side of the three-four-gear synchronizer (9), a two-gear synchronizer (12) is mounted between the two-gear driven gear (11) and the one-gear driven gear (13), and the one-gear synchronizer (12) is in splined connection with the main speed change output shaft (14); the three-gear driving gear (5) is meshed with the three-gear driven gear (10), the two-gear driving gear (6) is meshed with the two-gear driven gear (11), and the one-gear driving gear (7) is meshed with the one-gear driven gear (13).

3. The gearbox of the tractor with 16+16 gears is characterized in that when the forward gear is in the first gear, the reverse gear synchronizer (3) and the forward gear synchronizer (3) are moved to the right, the main gear input shaft (24) drives the gear shaft (4) with the fourth gear and the forward gear to rotate, the first gear driving gear (7) is meshed with the first gear driven gear (13), the second gear synchronizer (12) is moved to the right, the first gear driven gear (13) drives the main gear output shaft (14) to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve (15) is moved to the left, and the main gear output shaft (14) drives the auxiliary gear output shaft (23) to rotate;

when the forward gear and the second gear are shifted, the reverse gear synchronizer (3) and the forward gear synchronizer (3) move to the right, the main transmission input shaft (24) drives the gear shaft (4) with the fourth gear and the forward gear to rotate, the second driving gear (6) is meshed with the second driven gear (11), the first gear synchronizer (12) moves to the left, the second driven gear (11) drives the main transmission output shaft (14) to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve (15) moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft (14) drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft (23) to rotate;

when the forward gear is in the third gear, the reverse gear synchronizer (3) and the forward gear synchronizer (3) move to the right, the main gear input shaft (24) drives the gear shaft (4) of the fourth gear and the forward gear to rotate, the third gear driving gear (5) is meshed with the third gear driven gear (10), the third gear synchronizer (9) moves to the right, the third gear driven gear (10) drives the main gear output shaft (14) to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve (15) moves to the left, and the main gear output shaft (14) drives the auxiliary gear output shaft (23) to rotate;

when the forward gear is in the fourth gear, the reverse gear synchronizer (3) and the forward gear synchronizer (3) move to the right, the main gear input shaft (24) drives the fourth gear and forward gear shaft (4) to rotate, a gear on the left side of the fourth gear and forward gear shaft (4) is meshed with the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8), the third gear and fourth gear synchronizer (9) moves to the left, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8) drives the main gear output shaft (14) to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve (15) moves to the left, and the main gear output shaft (14) drives the auxiliary gear output shaft (23) to rotate.

4. A 16+16 gear tractor gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that the main transmission input shaft (24) is rotatably mounted with a reverse drive gear (2), said reverse drive gear (2) being located to the left of said reverse and forward synchronizer (3), said reverse drive gear (2) being in mesh with said reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8) through a reverse idler gear (1), said reverse idler gear (1) being rotatably mounted on a housing (25) front cover.

5. The transmission case of a 16+ 16-speed tractor according to claim 4,

when the first gear is reversed, the reverse gear synchronizer (3) and the forward gear synchronizer (3) move to the left, the main transmission input shaft (24) drives the reverse gear driving gear (2) to rotate, the reverse gear driving gear (2) drives the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8) to rotate through the reverse gear idler (1), the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8) is meshed with the fourth gear and forward gear shaft (4), the first gear driving gear (7) is meshed with the first gear driven gear (13), the second gear synchronizer (12) moves to the right, the first gear driven gear (13) drives the main transmission output shaft (14) to rotate, the high and low gear meshing sleeve (15) moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft (14) drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft (23) to rotate;

when the two gears are reversed, the synchronizer (3) for the reverse gear and the forward gear moves to the left, the main gear input shaft (24) drives the reverse gear driving gear (2) to rotate, the reverse gear driving gear (2) drives the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8) to rotate through the reverse gear idler (1), the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8) is meshed with the gear shaft (4) for the four gears and the forward gears, the two gear driving gear (6) is meshed with the two gear driven gear (11), the synchronizer (12) for the first gear moves to the left, the two gear driven gear (11) drives the main gear output shaft (14) to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve (15) moves to the left, and the main gear output shaft (14) drives the auxiliary gear output shaft (23) to rotate;

when the three-gear is reversed, the reverse gear synchronizer (3) and the forward gear synchronizer (3) move to the left, the main transmission input shaft (24) drives the reverse gear driving gear (2) to rotate, the reverse gear driving gear (2) drives the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8) to rotate through the reverse gear idler (1), the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8) is meshed with the four-gear and forward gear shaft (4), the three-gear driving gear (5) is meshed with the three-gear driven gear (10), the three-four-gear synchronizer (9) moves to the right, the three-gear driven gear (10) drives the main transmission output shaft (14) to rotate, the high-low gear meshing sleeve (15) moves to the left, and the main transmission output shaft (14) drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft (23) to rotate;

when a reverse gear and a fourth gear are shifted, a reverse gear synchronizer (3) and a forward gear synchronizer (3) move to the left, a main transmission input shaft (24) drives the reverse gear driving gear (2) to rotate, the reverse gear driving gear (2) drives the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8) to rotate through a reverse gear idler (1), a third and fourth gear synchronizer (9) moves to the left, the reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8) drives a main transmission output shaft (14) to rotate, a high-low gear meshing sleeve (15) moves to the left, and a main transmission output shaft (14) drives an auxiliary transmission output shaft (23) to rotate.

6. The 16+16 speed tractor transmission of claim 2, further comprising: a secondary transmission driveshaft (22), said secondary transmission driveshaft (22) being located below said primary transmission output shaft (14) and said secondary transmission output shaft (23); the sub-transmission mechanism includes: a low-gear and creep-gear shaft (16), an auxiliary transmission constant-meshing and low-gear duplicate gear (18), a middle-gear and creep-gear meshing sleeve (19), a creep-gear driven gear (20) and a middle-gear driving gear (21),

gears are respectively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the low-gear and crawling-gear shaft (16) and the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear (18),

the low-gear and crawling gear type transmission system is characterized in that a gear shaft (16) with a crawling gear is rotatably mounted on the left side of an auxiliary transmission output shaft (23), the gear shaft (16) with the crawling gear is located on the right side of a high-low gear meshing sleeve (15), an auxiliary transmission duplex gear (18) with the low gear is rotatably mounted on the left side of an auxiliary transmission driving shaft (22), a left side gear of the auxiliary transmission duplex gear (18) with the low gear is meshed with a right side gear of a main transmission output shaft (14), a right side gear of the auxiliary transmission duplex gear (18) with the low gear and crawling gear type shaft (16) is meshed with a right side gear of the crawling gear type transmission output shaft (20), the crawling gear meshing sleeve (19) is in splined connection with the auxiliary transmission driving shaft (22), and the crawling gear sleeve (19), The crawling gear driven gear (20) and the middle gear driving gear (21) are sequentially arranged between the auxiliary transmission constant-meshing and low-gear duplicate gear (18) and the auxiliary transmission driving shaft (22) at intervals from left to right,

the crawling gear driven gear (20) is rotatably mounted on the auxiliary speed change driving shaft (22), the middle gear driving gear (21) is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary speed change driving shaft (22), the middle gear driven gear (17) is fixedly mounted on the auxiliary speed change output shaft (23), the middle gear driven gear (17) is located on the right side of the low-gear crawling gear wheel shaft (16), and the middle gear driven gear (17) is meshed with the middle gear driving gear (21).

7. The gearbox of the tractor with 16+16 gears as claimed in claim 6, wherein when the crawler gear is in the crawler gear, the main transmission output shaft (14) rotates, the right side gear of the main transmission output shaft (14) is meshed with the left side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear (18), the right side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally-meshed and low-gear duplicate gear (18) is meshed with the left side gear of the low-gear and crawler gear shaft (16), the right side gear of the low-gear and crawler gear shaft (16) is meshed with the crawler gear driven gear (20), the middle-gear and crawler gear meshing sleeve (19) moves to the right, the crawler gear driven gear (20) drives the auxiliary transmission driving shaft (22) to rotate, the middle-gear driving gear (21) is meshed with the middle-gear driven gear (17), and the middle-gear driven gear (17) drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft (23) to rotate;

when the gear is in a low gear, the main transmission output shaft (14) rotates, a right side gear of the main transmission output shaft (14) is meshed with a left side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low gear duplicate gear (18), a right side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low gear duplicate gear (18) is meshed with a left side gear of the low gear and crawling gear shaft (16), the high and low gear meshing sleeve (15) moves to the right, and the low gear and crawling gear shaft (16) drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft (23) to rotate;

when the intermediate gear is shifted, the main transmission output shaft (14) rotates, the right side gear of the main transmission output shaft (14) is meshed with the left side gear of the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low-shift duplicate gear (18), the crawling shift meshing sleeve (19) moves to the left, the auxiliary transmission normally meshed and low-shift duplicate gear (18) drives the auxiliary transmission driving shaft (22) to rotate, the intermediate gear driving gear (21) is meshed with the intermediate gear driven gear (17), and the intermediate gear driven gear (17) drives the auxiliary transmission output shaft (23) to rotate;

when the high gear is shifted, the main gear output shaft (14) rotates, the high-low gear meshing sleeve (15) moves to the left, and the main gear output shaft (14) drives the auxiliary gear output shaft (23) to rotate.

8. The 16+16 gear tractor gearbox according to claim 6, characterized in that the middle of said main transmission input shaft (24), the right side of said four-gear and forward gear shaft (4), the left side of said reverse and forward driven gear shaft (8), the right side of said main transmission output shaft (14), the right side of said auxiliary transmission output shaft (23), and the two sides of said auxiliary transmission driving shaft (22) are rotatably mounted in said housing (25) by bearings, the left side of said four-gear and forward gear shaft (4) is fitted over the right side of said main transmission input shaft (24), and the right side of said main transmission output shaft (14) is fitted over the left side of said auxiliary transmission output shaft (23).

9. A tractor comprising a 16+16 range tractor transmission as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.