CN217418350U - Micro-filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a microfilter. Including box, filter drum, backwashing mechanism, driving part, collector, water inlet pipe and baffle. The baffle divides the inside of the box into a filter area and a sewage area. One end of the filter drum is closed and the other end is open, and the open end is connected to the sewage area. The water inlet on the box is provided with a water inlet pipe, which is connected by the filter drum. The open end of the filter extends into the interior of the filter drum, and the distance between the outlet end of the water inlet pipe and the closed end of the filter drum is less than half the length of the filter drum. The water flow from the water inlet pipe hits the closed end of the filter drum, and the impact on the closed end generates a reverse thrust, which makes the water flow back, and drives the particles such as fish manure to flow with the water to the open end of the filter drum, and then flows into the collector to effectively avoid fish. Particles such as manure block the filter screen, and the particles such as fish manure washed off the inner surface of the filter screen by the backwash mechanism are not easily broken, and settle at the bottom of the collector in a larger particle state, which is more conducive to collection, separation and discharge.

Description

a microfilter

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a microfilter.

Background technique

Aquaculture can provide high-quality food sources and is the fastest growing food industry in the world. The traditional aquaculture model is relatively extensive and has a low degree of industrialization. In particular, the recycling of water and nutrients is insufficient, which often leads to eutrophication of surrounding waters. It has a negative impact on the ecological environment and seriously restricts the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. The industrial circulating aquaculture system adopts certain engineering facilities and circulating water treatment facilities to realize the recycling of aquaculture water through appropriate biochemical treatment, so as to achieve high yield, high efficiency, high quality and "near zero" discharge. However, the water treatment of industrial high-density recirculating aquaculture faces two major problems, which are the negative effects of the solid-liquid separation of fish manure and the decrease of pH value caused by carbon dioxide produced by fish respiration.

The rotary drum microfiltration machine is the main equipment for solid-liquid separation in aquaculture. It is divided into two spaces on the water inlet side and the water outlet side by the filter screen. It also realizes automatic control and intermittent operation in operation, thereby greatly reducing energy consumption. . However, there are several problems in the common rotary drum microfilters on the market: (1) the filtering area is relatively low, generally about 30% of the rotary drum, resulting in a low utilization rate of the filtering area and a large volume of the whole machine; (2) the rotary drum The drum is partially immersed in water and will be eccentric when rotating, resulting in high power consumption of the motor drive, and the drum is easily deformed and damaged; (3) The particles such as fish manure entering the drum with the circulating water flow are trapped on the inner surface of the filter screen. It is brought to the upper part by the rotation of the drum along with the surface and the inner rib, and then falls into the sewage tank and is discharged with the water flow under the scouring of the pressure backwash water. This working method is inefficient, only a small part of the particles fall into the sewage tank accurately and discharge, and most of them are washed back into the drum by the high-pressure water; It is broken into small particles, but it is easier to pass through the filter screen and enter the subsequent process, which further reduces the filtration efficiency; (5) During high-density farming, the filter screen is easily blocked, requiring frequent backwashing or even manual cleaning, resulting in energy consumption. (6) The fish manure that cannot be discharged from the sewage tank or pass through the filter screen does not have a suitable outlet, and will stay in the water inlet side for a long time, gradually dissolving and aggravating water pollution.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a microfiltration machine for the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A microfiltration machine includes a box body, a filter drum, a backwashing mechanism and a driving part, the filter drum is rotatably arranged in the box body, and the drive part is rotatably connected with the filter drum to The filter drum is driven to rotate, the backwashing mechanism is arranged obliquely above the filter drum, and a baffle plate is vertically arranged inside the box to separate its internal space into a filter area and a sewage area; the The filter drum is located in the filtering area, one end of the filter drum is closed, and is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the box, and the other end is open, and is rotatably arranged on the baffle plate. The barrel body of the barrel is covered with a filter screen, and the open end of the filter drum is communicated with the sewage discharge area; the sewage discharge area is provided with a collector; the top of the collector is open, and the top of the collector is open. It is located below the open end of the filter drum; the box body is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the water outlet communicates with the filtering area and is located below the filter drum; the water inlet is provided with There is a water inlet pipe; the water inlet pipe extends into the interior of the filter barrel from the open end of the filter barrel, and the distance between the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe and the closed end of the filter barrel is less than one-half the length of the filter drum.

Further, the distance between the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe and the closed end of the filter drum is 1 times the diameter of the water inlet pipe.

Further, a pH buffer layer is arranged at the bottom of the filtration zone; an aeration pipe is arranged above the pH buffer layer, and the aeration pipe is arranged below the filter drum.

Further, the aeration tube is a multi-hole tube, and the aeration pore size is 0.5-5 mm.

Further, the backwashing mechanism includes a water spray pipe and a high-pressure water pump; the water spray pipe is provided with a plurality of detachable universal nozzles at intervals, and a high-pressure water pump is arranged on the water spray pipe; the inlet of the high-pressure water pump is provided. A shut-off valve is provided at the water outlet.

Further, the water outlet end of the spray head is provided with a V-shaped water spray diversion groove, the depth of which is 2 mm to 3 mm and the length of which is 6 to 12 mm.

Further, the bottom of the collector is provided with a sewage outlet, the sewage outlet is provided with a sewage pipe, and the sewage pipe is provided with a discharge pipe valve, the collector is in the shape of a funnel, and its slope is 50°-60° .

Further, the driving member includes a motor, and the motor is arranged outside the box body; a rotating shaft is arranged at the position of the central axis of the closed end of the filter drum, and the rotating shaft passes through the box body and the motor. drive connection; the top of the baffle is provided with a groove for suspending the open end of the filter drum, and the groove is provided with a rotatable bump; the open end of the filter drum passes through the The protrusion is rotatably fixed on the groove; the connection between the filter drum and the groove is tight and rotatable.

Further, a water level sensor is provided in the sewage area, the position height of the water level sensor is lower than the height of the baffle plate, and the position height of the water level sensor is higher than the height of the water inlet pipe.

Further, the microfiltration machine further includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the motor, the high-pressure water pump and the water level sensor, respectively, and controls the motor and the high-pressure water pump through the water level sensor. on and off.

The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

(1) The microfilter of the present utility model divides the inner space of the microfilter into a filter area and a sewage discharge area by vertically setting a baffle at the bottom of the box. The filter drum is located in the filter area and is covered with a filter screen. One end of the filter drum is Closed, one end is open, the water inlet pipe extends into the interior of the filter barrel from the open end of the filter barrel, and the distance between the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe and the closed end of the filter barrel is less than half of the filter barrel length. The water flow from the water inlet pipe hits the closed end of the filter drum, and the impact on the closed end generates reverse thrust, which makes the water flow back, and drives the particles such as fish manure to flow with the water to the open end of the filter drum, and then flows into the collector. Precipitation in the collector effectively avoids the clogging of the filter screen by particles such as fish manure, so that the water in the bucket can be smoothly filtered and flowed out to the outside of the rotating bucket; at the same time, it also provides a relatively static environment for the fish manure collection area, which is more conducive to particulate matter. precipitation and separate discharge.

(2) Compared with the prior art, the microfilter provided by the utility model removes the sewage tank, which avoids breaking the fish manure due to excessive impact and passing through the filter screen. The particles washed off by the backwash water from the inner surface of the filter screen return to the water inside the drum, and finally settle into the collector in the form of larger particles.

(3) The microfilter of the present utility model can ensure that the filter screen of the filter drum is kept clean and unobstructed for a long time, is not easy to be blocked, greatly improves the filtering area of the filter screen, thereby improves the filtering efficiency, and makes the filter rotary The bucket is easily rotated by the buoyancy of the water, reducing wear and energy consumption. Moreover, the requirement of backwashing is low, which is convenient for staff to collect and discharge fish manure, and can also achieve the purpose of partially removing carbon dioxide and buffering pH value. It has the advantages of reducing energy consumption and labor, simple operation, reliable operation and low cost.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the microfiltration machine of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the microfiltration machine of the present invention.

illustration:

1. Box body; 11. Water inlet; 12. Water outlet; 2. Filter drum; 22. Rotary shaft; 3. Backwash mechanism; 31. Water spray pipe; 32. Spray head; 33. High pressure water pump; 4. Driving part ;41, motor; 5, collector; 51, sewage outlet; 52, sewage pipeline; 53, discharge pipe valve; 6, water inlet pipe; 7, aeration pipe; 8, pH buffer layer; 9, baffle plate; 91, Filtration area; 92, sewage area; 93, groove; 931, bump; 94, water level sensor; 10, controller.

Detailed ways

The following are specific embodiments of the present utility model combined with the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present utility model, but the present utility model is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, a microfilter includes a box body 1, a filter drum 2, a backwashing mechanism 3 and a driving member 4. The filter drum 2 is rotatably arranged in the box body 1, and the driving member is connected to the filter drum. The barrel 2 is rotatably connected to drive the filter drum 2 to rotate. The backwashing mechanism 3 is arranged obliquely above the filter drum 2. A baffle plate 9 is vertically arranged inside the box body 1, which divides its internal space into a filter area 91. and sewage area 92; the filter drum 2 is located in the filter area 91, one end of the filter drum 2 is closed, and is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the box 1, and the other end is open, and is rotatably arranged on the baffle 9 On the top, the barrel body of the filter drum 2 is covered with a filter screen, and the open end of the filter drum 2 is communicated with the sewage discharge area 92; the sewage discharge area 92 is provided with a collector 5; The top is located below the open end of the filter drum 2; the box body 1 is provided with a water inlet 11 and a water outlet 12; the water outlet 12 is communicated with the filter area 91 and is located below the filter drum 2; The water inlet 11 is provided with a water inlet pipe 6; The water inlet pipe 6 extends into the interior of the filter barrel 2 from the open end of the filter barrel 2, and the distance between the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe 6 and the closed end of the filter barrel 2 is less than half of the filter barrel. Barrel 2 length. The water flow ejected through the water inlet pipe 6 hits the closed end of the filter drum 2, and the impact on the closed end generates a reverse thrust to make the water flow back, driving the particles such as fish manure to flow with the water to the open end of the filter drum, and then flow into the collector, And effectively precipitate in the collector, effectively preventing the fish manure and other particles from clogging the filter screen, and the fish manure and other particles washed off the inner surface of the filter screen by the backwash mechanism are not easy to be broken, and settle in the collector in the state of larger particles. The bottom is more conducive to collection and separation of discharge. The microfilter of the utility model can ensure that the filter screen of the filter drum is kept in a clean and unobstructed state for a long time, is not easy to be blocked, greatly increases the filtering area of the filter screen, thereby improves the filtering efficiency, and makes the filter drum receive water. The buoyancy effect makes it easy to rotate, reducing wear and energy consumption. Moreover, the requirement of backwashing is low, which is convenient for staff to collect and discharge fish manure, and can also achieve the purpose of partially removing carbon dioxide and supplementing pH value. It has the advantages of reducing energy consumption and labor, simple operation, reliable operation and low cost.

In order to ensure that the reverse thrust generated by impacting the closed end makes the reverse thrust of the water flow back sufficiently large, the distance between the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe 6 and the closed end of the filter drum 2 can be set to be 1 times the diameter of the water inlet pipe 6 .

In order to realize that the microfilter of the present invention can be efficiently applied to high-density aquaculture, a pH buffer layer 8 can also be set at the bottom of the filter area 91 thereof. The pH buffer layer can provide alkalinity to alleviate the negative impact of the pH drop caused by carbon dioxide, indirectly improve the removal effect of carbon dioxide, further improve the effluent quality, ensure that the subsequent biochemical system operates in a good environment, and make the treatment system more efficient to operate.

In order to ensure the water quality of high-density circulating aquaculture, the pH buffer layer 8 can also be a layer of limestone particles with a particle size of 5-100 mm. In this embodiment, limestone particles with a particle size of 30-80 mm are used. Limestone particles can slowly dissolve in water, provide alkalinity to alleviate the negative impact of pH drop caused by carbon dioxide, indirectly improve the removal of carbon dioxide, and ensure that the biochemical process operates in good environmental conditions.

Further, an aeration pipe 7 can be arranged above the pH buffer layer 8 , and the aeration pipe 7 is arranged below the filter drum 2 . When the air bubbles produced by the aeration pipe 7 move upward, the upward air flow drives the particles such as fish manure to move to the collector 5, again ensuring that the particles such as fish manure will not block the filter screen; at the same time, it can also remove part of the carbon dioxide in the water body.

In order to ensure that the filter screen is not blocked, the aeration pipe 7 can be a porous pipe, and the aeration aperture size is 0.5-5 mm. In this embodiment, a 2 mm aeration hole is used, and the material of the aeration pipe is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 25 mm. The aeration pipe can not only provide updraft and water flow to achieve the purpose of partially removing carbon dioxide, but also can mix the water body and continuously flush the filter drum 2, and the water flow generated by it can also help drive the particles such as fish manure to the fish manure collector. , to ensure that the filter screen is not blocked, thereby greatly reducing the requirements of backwashing and reducing energy consumption.

There are various structures of the backwash mechanism 3 of the present invention, which are not limited here. In order to ensure that the filter screen of the filter drum is flushed evenly and comprehensively, in this embodiment, the backwashing mechanism 3 may include a water spray pipe 31 and a high-pressure water pump 33, and the water spray pipe 31 is provided with a plurality of detachable universal nozzles at intervals 32. A high-pressure water pump 33 is arranged on the water spray pipe 31, and a shut-off valve is arranged at the water inlet of the high-pressure water pump 33. Each nozzle 32 can be dismantled for washing and flushing, and a spherical adjustable device can be installed at its front end. According to the filtered water source, the number and spacing of the nozzles 32 can also be reasonably set, and the backwashing capability can be adjusted reasonably; the spherical adjustable device of each nozzle 32 The flushing direction and angle of the spray head 32 can be adjusted, so that the entire filter screen can be flushed evenly and comprehensively.

In order to improve the efficiency of backwashing, the water outlet end of the nozzle 32 can be provided with a V-shaped water jet diversion groove, the depth of which is 2mm-3mm and the length is 6-12mm, which can provide a relatively long fan-shaped flushing water flow, thereby improving the backwashing efficiency. efficiency.

There are various structures of the collector 5, which are not limited here. In order to ensure the timely discharge of the deposited fish manure and other particles, the bottom of the collector 5 is provided with a sewage outlet 51, the sewage outlet 51 is provided with a sewage pipe 52, and the sewage pipe 52 is provided with a discharge pipe valve 53. In this embodiment, the collector 5 is welded by 10 mm thick PP plate; the bottom of the collector is provided with a sewage pipe 52 and a discharge pipe valve 53 . The collected fish manure is discharged regularly by the time-controlled water pump, so as to avoid the fish manure staying in the bucket for a long time. In order to facilitate the sedimentation and collection of particulate matter such as fish manure, the collector 5 is arranged in a funnel shape, and its slope can be 50°-60°.

There are various structures of the driving member 4, which are not limited here. In order to ensure the stable operation of the filter drum, in this embodiment, the driving member 4 may include a motor 41. The motor 41 is arranged outside the box body 1, and the central axis of the closed end of the filter drum 2 is provided with a rotating shaft 22. The rotating shaft 22 passes through It is connected with the motor 41 through the box body 1; the top of the baffle 9 is provided with a groove 93 for placing the open end of the filter drum 2 in the air, and the groove 93 is provided with a rotatable bump 931. The open end is rotatably fixed on the groove 93 through the projection 931 . The filter drum 2 drives the filter residue to move during the rotation process, which is convenient for washing, and has low power and low energy consumption.

In order to control the work of the filter drum and improve the working efficiency of the microfilter, a water level sensor 94 can also be arranged in the sewage area 92. The height of the water level sensor 94 is lower than that of the baffle 9, and the height of the water level sensor 94 is higher than that of the baffle 9. The height of the water inlet pipe 6. That is, when the filter drum is blocked, the flow of water flowing through the filter screen is greatly reduced, resulting in an increase in the water level in the sewage area (water inlet side), and the probe of the water level sensor 94 is lifted and sends a signal to start the backwash mode. Moreover, the working water level can also be controlled by the placement of the microfilter, which ensures that most of the filter drum 2 can run immersed in water, thereby greatly increasing the filtration area of the filter screen, thereby improving the filtration efficiency, and the filter drum 2 receives water. The buoyancy effect makes it easy to rotate, reducing wear and energy consumption. The water level sensor 94 realizes automatic control of the filter drum 2 to work, and ensures that it can run intermittently.

In order to prolong the service life of the filter drum 2 and save energy, the microfilter may also include a controller 10, which is electrically connected to the motor 41, the high-pressure water pump 33 and the water level sensor 94 respectively, and the water level sensor 94 controls the motor 41, high-pressure On and off of the water pump 33 . The controller 10 can be set to two modes, one is a manual mode, that is, manual judgment controls the rotation of the filter drum 2 and the start and stop of the high-pressure water pump 33; the other is an automatic mode, which is automatically controlled according to the signal feedback of the water level sensor 94. The rotation of the filter drum 2 and the start and stop of the high pressure water pump 33.

When the microfilter in this embodiment is working, both the filtering drum 2 and the backwashing mechanism 3 are in a static state. The water of the aquaculture system enters the water inlet pipe 6 from the water inlet 11, is ejected from the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe 6 and generates a reverse water flow through the recoil action of the inner wall of the rotating drum and flows to the opening of the rotating drum to drive particulate matter such as fish manure. It is concentrated in the sewage area and deposited in the lower part of the collector, so that it is easy to separate and discharge. A small part of the particulate matter will stay in the filter drum 2. After being filtered by the water flow, the particulate matter will be trapped on the filter screen, and the filtered water will finally flow out through the water outlet 12. After the subsequent biochemical system purification treatment, it will be re-entered in the breeding pond for recycling. .

When the filter screen of the filter drum 2 is blocked, causing the water level in the sewage area 92 to rise and reach the height of the probe of the water level sensor 94, the probe lifts up and sends a control signal back to the controller, and immediately starts the motor 41 and the high-pressure water pump 33 at the same time to drive the filter The rotating barrel 2 rotates, and at the same time, the filter screen of the filter rotating barrel 2 is backwashed; when the filter screen is unblocked due to the rotation and backwashing of the filter rotating barrel 2, the filtering area of the filter screen increases, the water level of the sewage area 92 drops, and the low When the water level sensor 94 reaches the lower limit height of the probe, the control signal is disconnected, the motor 41 and the high-pressure water pump 33 stop working, and the microfiltration machine returns to the normal and static working state, and so on.

The parts not covered above are applicable to the prior art.

Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration, not for limiting the scope of the present invention, which belongs to the technical field of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or substitute in similar ways, but will not deviate from the direction of the present invention or go beyond the scope defined by the appended claims. . Those skilled in the art should understand that any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A microfilter comprising a box body (1), a filter drum (2), a backwash mechanism (3) and a driving member (4), wherein the filter drum (2) is rotatably arranged in the Inside the box (1), the driving member is rotatably connected with the filter drum (2) to drive the filter drum (2) to rotate, and the backwash mechanism (3) is provided in the filter drum The obliquely upper part of (2) is characterized in that: a baffle plate (9) is vertically arranged inside the box body (1), and the internal space thereof is divided into a filter area (91) and a sewage area (92); the filter The rotating barrel (2) is located in the filtering area (91), one end of the filtering rotating barrel (2) is closed, and is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the box body (1), and the other end is open and can be rotatably arranged On the baffle plate (9), the barrel body of the filter drum (2) is covered with a filter screen, and the open end of the filter drum (2) is communicated with the sewage discharge area (92); The sewage area (92) is provided with a collector (5); the top of the collector (5) is open, and the top of the collector (5) is located below the open end of the filter drum (2); The box body (1) is provided with a water inlet (11) and a water outlet (12); the water outlet (12) is communicated with the filter area (91) and is located below the filter drum (2) ; the water inlet (11) is provided with a water inlet pipe (6); the water inlet pipe (6) extends from the open end of the filter barrel (2) into the interior of the filter barrel (2), and The distance between the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe (6) and the closed end of the filter drum (2) is less than half the length of the filter drum (2). 2. A microfilter according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe (6) and the closed end of the filter drum (2) is the water inlet pipe (6) 1 times the diameter of the pipe. 3. The microfilter according to claim 1, characterized in that a pH buffer layer (8) is arranged at the bottom of the filter area (91); and aeration is arranged above the pH buffer layer (8). A pipe (7), the aeration pipe (7) is arranged below the filter drum (2). 4 . The microfilter according to claim 3 , wherein the aeration pipe ( 7 ) is a porous pipe, and the aeration pore size is 0.5-5 mm. 5 . 5. The microfilter according to claim 1, wherein the backwashing mechanism (3) comprises a water spray pipe (31) and a high-pressure water pump (33); the water spray pipe (31) is spaced apart A plurality of detachable universal spray heads (32) are provided, and a high-pressure water pump (33) is arranged on the water spray pipe (31); a shut-off valve is arranged at the water inlet of the high-pressure water pump (33). 6. A microfiltration machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, the water outlet end of the spray head (32) is provided with a V-shaped water spray diversion groove, the depth of which is 2mm-3mm and the length is 6-12mm . 7 . The microfilter according to claim 1 , wherein a sewage outlet ( 51 ) is arranged at the bottom of the collector ( 5 ), and a sewage outlet ( 51 ) is arranged with a sewage pipe ( 52 ). 8 . , the discharge pipe (52) is provided with a discharge pipe valve (53), and the collector (5) is in the shape of a funnel with a slope of 50 ^° -60 ^° . 8 . The microfiltration machine according to claim 5 , wherein the driving member ( 4 ) comprises a motor ( 41 ), and the motor ( 41 ) is arranged outside the box body ( 1 ); 8 . A rotating shaft (22) is provided at the central axis position of the closed end of the filter drum (2), and the rotating shaft (22) passes through the box body (1) and is connected to the motor (41) in a driving manner; the baffle plate The top of (9) is provided with a groove (93) for suspending the open end of the filter drum (2), and a rotatable bump (931) is provided on the groove (93); the filter The open end of the rotating barrel (2) is rotatably fixed on the groove (93) through the protrusion (931); The connection is tight and rotatable. 9 . The microfilter according to claim 8 , wherein a water level sensor ( 94 ) is arranged in the sewage discharge area ( 92 ), and the position of the water level sensor ( 94 ) is lower than the height of the stopper. 10 . The height of the plate (9), and the position height of the water level sensor (94) is higher than the height of the water inlet pipe (6). 10. The microfiltration machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, the microfiltration machine further comprises a controller (10), and the controller (10) is respectively connected with the motor (41), the The high pressure water pump (33) and the water level sensor (94) are electrically connected, and the motor (41) and the high pressure water pump (33) are automatically controlled to be turned on and off by the water level sensor (94).

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