CN217408939U

CN217408939U - Intramedullary nail suitable for humeral shaft lower segment fracture

Info

Publication number: CN217408939U
Application number: CN202122709197.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 付刚
Original assignee: Fuzhou Second Hospital
Current assignee: Fuzhou Second Hospital
Priority date: 2021-11-08
Filing date: 2021-11-08
Publication date: 2022-09-13
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-08

Abstract

The utility model relates to an intramedullary nail suitable for humeral shaft lower segment fracture, which comprises a main nail body along a straight line, wherein the main nail body comprises a proximal end part, a distal end part and a connecting section, the proximal end part and the distal end part are respectively positioned at the two axial ends of the main nail body; the free end of the distal portion is further provided with a bifurcate portion which is in a bifurcate arrangement and has a radian bending towards cancellous bone at the distal end of the humerus.

Description

Intramedullary nail suitable for humeral shaft lower segment fracture

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to an intramedullary nail suitable for humeral shaft hypomere fracture.

Background

The fracture of the lower humeral stem is also called as the fracture of the distal one third of the humeral stem, and because the anatomical form of the lower humeral stem has particularity, the fracture is the junction of the cylindrical shape of the middle humerus and the triangular shape of the distal end and is a weak point in the mechanical distribution of the humerus, so the fracture is also a good hair position of the fracture. Due to irregular anatomical morphology of the lower humerus, there is no clinically uniform standard for the selection of surgical treatment options.

The current clinical surgical options mainly include: external support fixation, humerus intramedullary nail fixation and incision reduction steel plate internal fixation. External stent fixation is often used for open fractures. The humeral antegrade intramedullary nail is the first choice for humeral shaft fracture, but because the distal end distance of the humeral shaft lower fracture is limited, the humeral shaft antegrade intramedullary nail is less used. The humeral retrograde intramedullary nail can be used for treating fracture of the lower humeral shaft, but has the risks of iatrogenic supracondylar fracture of humerus and iatrogenic axillary nerve injury, and is not widely developed clinically. Incision reduction internal fixation is a common operation mode at present, and different operation access and internal fixation modes are reported in documents. Because the distal end of the humeral shaft lower segment fracture is irregular in shape and limited in length, the single steel plate for anterior or lateral approach has insufficient fixing strength, and the risk of internal fixation failure exists in early functional exercise. The double-steel-plate fixing strength is reliable, early functional exercise can be met, and the rear-side approach double-steel-plate fixing is more in clinical application. However, the radial nerve needs to be separated and exposed to the near end when the operation is performed, and the operation is repeatedly pulled, so that the iatrogenic radial nerve injury risk exists, and the reported injury risk is as high as 16-31.1%. Meanwhile, the soft tissue of the posterior approach is widely stripped, so that the blood circulation at the fracture end is damaged, and the fracture nonunion after the operation is reported to be 2-10%. Some students try to combine the medial side with the anterior side approach double steel plate for fixation, because the medial side approach needs to expose ulnar nerve and brachial artery, the anatomical structure is relatively complex, and the present clinical use is less.

Various treatment options have been attempted for lower humeral stem fractures because of the special anatomy in this area and there is currently no surgical access and internal fixation material that has absolute advantages for this combination for the lower humeral stem. In recent years, with the emphasis on the minimally invasive and refined treatment of trauma orthopedics, the improvement and innovation of surgical instruments are one of the approaches for exploring fracture treatment modes. Because of the lack of specific internal fixation materials for the fracture of the lower humeral shaft, the intramedullary nail suitable for the fracture of the lower humeral shaft is provided.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an intramedullary nail suitable for humeral shaft hypomere fracture.

The specific scheme is as follows:

an intramedullary nail suitable for fracture of lower humeral shaft comprises a main nail body along a straight line, wherein the main nail body comprises a near end part, a far end part and a connecting section, the near end part and the far end part are respectively positioned at two axial ends of the main nail body; the method is characterized in that: the free end of the distal portion is further provided with a bifurcate portion which is in a bifurcate arrangement and has a radian bending towards cancellous bone at the distal end of the humerus.

Furthermore, a plurality of locking nail holes which are arranged in a crossed mode are further formed in the distal end portion, each locking nail hole is used for receiving one locking nail, and a plurality of locking nails of the locking nail holes are arranged in a crossed mode.

Further, the number of the locking nail holes on the distal end portion is 3.

Further, the end of the distal end part far away from the connecting section is in a wedge shape gradually decreasing towards the distal direction.

Furthermore, a middle section transverse locking nail hole is formed in the middle of the connecting section.

Furthermore, a plurality of transverse locking nail holes which are arranged from the near end to the far end in a staggered mode are arranged on the near end portion, each transverse locking nail hole is used for receiving one transverse locking nail, and the transverse locking nail holes are arranged in a staggered mode in the radial direction of the transverse locking nail holes.

Further, the proximal end portion is provided with a functional area on the area between the transverse locking nail hole and the connecting section, and the functional area comprises an inclined locking hole obliquely penetrating through the proximal end portion, a pressurizing hole radially penetrating through the proximal end portion and two Kirschner wire holes positioned at two opposite ends of the functional area.

Furthermore, the pressurizing hole is an oblong hole extending from the near end to the far end.

Further, the proximal portion and the connecting section are both cylindrical, the outer diameter of the proximal portion is larger than that of the connecting section, and the junction of the proximal portion and the connecting section is in transition connection through a circular truncated cone section.

Compared with the prior art, the intramedullary nail suitable for humeral shaft hypomere fracture provided by the utility model has the following advantages: the utility model provides an intramedullary nail suitable for humerus shaft hypomere fracture is provided with branching portion on the main nail distal end, and branching portion has the radian crooked toward the distal end cancellous bone of humerus distal end to let the main nail get into to strike properly to the distal end, can make the branching portion of main nail distal end insert humerus distal end cancellous bone, with the fixed stability of reinforcing main nail, can avoid simultaneously following olecranal nest outstanding.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of an intramedullary nail in one view direction.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of an intramedullary nail in another view direction.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the embodiments, the present invention provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. With these references, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and similar reference numerals are generally used to identify similar components.

The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, this embodiment provides an intramedullary nail suitable for lower humeral shaft fractures, which employs a ventral anterolateral incision in the supraspinatus muscle to enter the humeral shaft. Comprises a main nail body 1 along a straight line, so that the entrance of the main nail body 1 is entered by the supraspinatus muscle belly, and the rotator cuff can be prevented from being damaged.

The main nail body 1 includes a proximal end portion 11, a distal end portion 12 at both axial ends thereof, and a connecting section 13 connecting the proximal end portion 11 and the distal end portion 12.

The proximal portion 11 and the connecting portion 13 are both cylindrical, the outer diameter of the proximal portion 11 is larger than that of the connecting portion 13, and the junction between the proximal portion 11 and the connecting portion 13 is connected in a transition manner through a circular truncated cone portion 14. The proximal portion 11 is provided with a plurality of transverse locking nail holes 111 arranged in a staggered manner from the proximal end to the distal end, each transverse locking nail hole 111 is used for receiving one transverse locking nail 21, and the plurality of transverse locking nail holes 111 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that one or more transverse locking nail holes 111 can be selected to lock according to actual conditions in an operation, and the intramedullary nail can have an optimal locking effect.

The proximal end portion 11 is further provided with a functional area 16 in an area between the transverse locking pin hole 111 and the connecting section 13, the functional area 16 comprises an inclined locking hole 161 obliquely penetrating through the proximal end portion 11, a pressurizing hole 162 radially penetrating through the proximal end portion 11, and two kirschner wire holes 163 at two opposite ends of the functional area 16, the inclined locking hole 161 is used for receiving one locking pin 22, and the locking pin 22 and the transverse locking pin 21 can form a cross locking, so that a better locking effect can be achieved; the pressurizing hole 162 is an oblong hole extending from the proximal end to the distal end, so that the pressurizing treatment can be conveniently carried out according to actual conditions in the operation; the k-wire hole 163 may provide temporary fixation and positioning of the intramedullary nail during the procedure.

The middle portion of the connecting section 13 is provided with a middle-section transverse locking nail hole 131, and the middle-section transverse locking nail hole 131 is used for receiving a transverse locking nail 21 from the outside to the inside, so as to increase the fixing strength of the lower section of the humeral shaft.

The proximal part of the distal part 12 connected with the connecting section 13 is cylindrical, the length of the proximal part is 2/3 of the total length of the distal part, the distal part far away from the connecting section is wedge-shaped which gradually decreases towards the distal direction, the length of the distal part is 1/3 of the total length of the distal part, so that the distal part 12 of the intramedullary nail adapts to the anatomical form in the marrow cavity of the humerus, meanwhile, the distal part is provided with a bifurcate part 15 which is in bifurcate arrangement, the bifurcate part 15 has a radian which bends towards the distal cancellous bone of the humerus, so that the main nail enters the rear part and then is properly knocked, the bifurcate part 15 at the distal end of the main nail can be inserted into the distal cancellous bone of the humerus, the stability of fixing the main nail is enhanced, and meanwhile, the protrusion from the olecranon can be avoided.

The distal portion 12 is further provided with 3 locking nail holes 121 arranged in a crossed manner, each locking nail hole 121 is used for receiving one locking nail 22, and the 3 locking nails 22 are arranged in a crossed manner, so that a fixed locking effect is achieved, and the limited length of the fracture end of the lower segment of the humeral shaft is met.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail suitable for fracture of lower humeral shaft comprises a main nail body along a straight line, wherein the main nail body comprises a near end part, a far end part and a connecting section, the near end part and the far end part are respectively positioned at two axial ends of the main nail body; the method is characterized in that: the free end of the distal part is further provided with a bifurcate part which is in a bifurcate arrangement, the bifurcate part has a radian bending towards far cancellous bone of the humerus, the distal part is further provided with a plurality of locking nail holes which are in a crossed arrangement, each locking nail hole is used for receiving one locking nail, and a plurality of locking nails in the locking nail holes are in a crossed arrangement.

2. The intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein: the number of the locking nail holes on the distal end part is 3.

3. The intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein: the end part of the distal end part far away from the connecting section is in a wedge shape gradually reduced towards the distal direction.

4. The intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the connecting section is provided with a middle section transverse locking nail hole.

5. The intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein: the near-end portion is provided with a plurality of transverse locking nail holes which are arranged from the near-end to the far-end in a staggered mode, each transverse locking nail hole is used for receiving one transverse locking nail, and the plurality of transverse locking nail holes are arranged in a staggered mode in the radial direction of the transverse locking nail holes.

6. The intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein: the proximal end portion is further provided with a functional area on the area between the transverse locking nail hole and the connecting section, and the functional area comprises an inclined locking hole obliquely penetrating through the proximal end portion, a pressurizing hole radially penetrating through the proximal end portion and two Kirschner wire holes positioned at two opposite ends of the functional area.

7. The intramedullary nail of claim 6, wherein: the pressurizing hole is a long round hole which extends from the near end to the far end.

8. The intramedullary nail of claim 1, wherein: the proximal end portion and the connecting section are both cylindrical, the outer diameter of the proximal end portion is larger than that of the connecting section, and the connecting portion of the proximal end portion and the connecting section is in transition connection through a circular table section.