CN217405118U - Molten salt charging system - Google Patents
Molten salt charging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217405118U CN217405118U CN202221132998.7U CN202221132998U CN217405118U CN 217405118 U CN217405118 U CN 217405118U CN 202221132998 U CN202221132998 U CN 202221132998U CN 217405118 U CN217405118 U CN 217405118U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
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Abstract
The utility model provides a fused salt charging system. The molten salt feeding system comprises a feeding module, a feeding module and a feeding control module; the feeding module comprises a storage bin and a feeding pipeline connected with the storage bin, and a blowing and scavenging device and a pressure transmitter are arranged on the feeding pipeline; the feeding module comprises a feeding basket; the bottom of the feeding basket is arranged below the molten salt liquid level of the molten salt pile; a detection switch and a safety valve are sequentially arranged at the joint of the automatic feeding pipeline facing the feeding basket; the feeding control module is connected with the detection switch, the safety valve, the purging device and the pressure transmitter in a control mode and used for controlling feeding. The utility model increases the reactivity by adding fuel salt, and also can lead the molten salt reactor to be stopped quickly and for a long time by changing the additive; the online intelligent feeding is realized through automatic control, the complexity of reactivity control design is reduced, a feeding system is greatly simplified, the risk of radiation is reduced, and the operation safety of the reactor is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fused salt charging system.
Background
The study of the molten salt heap began in the united states at the end of the last 40 th century. In 1960, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in the united states built a msre (molten Salt Reactor experiment) with a power of 7.2 MWth. The MSRE successfully operates for nearly 5 years, and the stability and the safety of the operation of the liquid fuel molten salt reactor are proved. The MSRE fuel salt loading and unloading system comprises a molten salt storage tank for storing, mixing and loading molten salt outside a reactor, matched sampling equipment, electric heating equipment and a gas circuit. The MSRE feeding mode is different from that of a common solid fuel reactor, and the charging and discharging of the reactor are realized by combining air pressure and capsule feeding. When feeding materials in a large batch, adding the pretreated added salt into the base salt for multiple times outside the stack through the air pressure loading and unloading device, uniformly mixing to form fuel salt, and then loading the fuel salt into the stack body through the air pressure loading and unloading device. When a small amount of the salt is added, the salt is added into the pile by a capsule sampling-feeding device in a quantitative mode.
The capsule sampling-feeding device adopts a capsule type container, and the capsule type container is moved in and out of the molten salt reactor main container through a steel wire rope retracting mechanism. The capsule container was filled with solid additive salt during the addition, and was empty during the sampling. Whether sampling or feeding, a robot arm is required to hang the capsule type container on a steel wire. Meanwhile, during sampling and charging, the radioactive gas in the main container of the molten salt reactor is exchanged with the outside air, so that the danger of leakage of radioactive substances exists. And the system has complex structure, complex operation and long time, and can not realize on-line charging when the molten salt is fully piled for power operation.
Theoretically, molten salt reactors can be used for shutdown in many ways, and few ways can be really adopted in engineering except for control rods. Particularly, the method is difficult to realize in engineering in aspects of quick shutdown, restart after shutdown and the like.
The online feeding is the special advantage of the molten salt reactor. The design safety regulations for nuclear power plants stipulate that the operating system for carrying out the shutdown must consist of two different systems. Realizes on-line feeding, meets the shutdown requirement at the same time, and becomes the key point and difficulty of molten salt reactor design.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that in order to overcome the prior art, the fused salt charging system is complicated and is difficult to intellectuality, and there are radiation risk and potential safety hazard in the reactor operation to and the defect of restart after unable fast shutdown or shutdown, and provide a fused salt charging system. The utility model can increase the reactivity by adding fuel salt according to the demand of the reactor core on the reactivity, and can also lead the molten salt reactor to be stopped quickly and for a long time by changing the additive; furthermore, the utility model discloses an automatic control has realized that online intelligent is reinforced, has reduced the complexity of reactivity control design, simplifies charging system greatly, has also reduced the risk of radiation simultaneously, has improved the operation safety of reactor, can reach the effect of restarting after fast shutdown or shutdown.
The utility model discloses a following technical scheme solves above-mentioned technical problem.
The utility model provides a molten salt feeding system, which comprises a feeding module, a feeding module and a feeding control module;
the feeding module comprises a storage bin and a feeding pipeline connected with the storage bin, and a blowing and scavenging device and a pressure transmitter are arranged on the feeding pipeline; the feeding module comprises a feeding basket; the bottom of the feeding basket is arranged below the molten salt liquid level of the molten salt pile; a detection switch and a safety valve are further sequentially arranged at the joint of the feeding pipeline and the feeding basket;
the feeding control module is in control connection with the detection switch, the safety valve, the purging device and the pressure transmitter and is used for controlling feeding.
In the utility model, the storage bin can comprise a fuel salt bin and a neutron poison bin; the connection between the fuel salt bin and the neutron poison bin and the feeding pipeline is preferably a rotatable switching pipeline connection. When the additive is fuel salt, the rotatable switching pipeline is communicated with the fuel salt bin through rotation; when the additive is a neutron poison, the rotatable switching pipeline is communicated with the neutron poison cabin through rotation.
In the utility model, the radius of the feeding basket is preferably at least 3 times of the radius of the additive; the bottom surface and the side wall of the feeding basket can be provided with small holes, the radius of the small holes is preferably smaller than that of the additives, and the additives are prevented from directly falling into the reactor core of the molten salt reactor; the radius of the feeding pipe is preferably larger than the radius of the additive.
Wherein the radius of the feeding basket is preferably 5.0cm, the height of the feeding basket is preferably 5.0cm, and the radius of the small hole is preferably 1 mm.
Wherein, the radius of the feeding pipeline is preferably 1.1 cm.
Wherein the additive may be a fuel salt or a neutron poison.
Wherein the fuel salt is preferably LiF-UF 4 Or LiF-BeF 2 -UF 4 Further preferred is LiF-UF 4 (ii) a The neutron poison is preferably LiF-ThF 4 Or LiF-BeF 2 -ZrF 4 Further preferred is LiF-ThF 4 。
Wherein, the additive can be spherical.
Wherein the radius of the additive is preferably 1.0 cm.
In the utility model, the feeding control module can be in a manual control mode or an automatic control mode; the manual control mode can be realized by manually starting mechanical control for the feeding control module; the automatic control mode can be realized by controlling the feeding control module by a chip integrated controller.
The utility model discloses in, throw the information of atmospheric pressure and additive in the material module feedbackable system, for example but detect switch feedback additive adds the signal information who gets into the reactor system smoothly, also can feed back the signal information that no longer has the additive to pass through.
In the utility model, the feeding control module coordinates the work of other modules according to the instruction, and can send out a feeding instruction according to the change of reactor core reactivity; and a purging signal can be sent out according to the air pressure in the system and the signal of the detection switch.
The utility model discloses in, for the messenger throw material control module and not receive the fused salt and pile the influence of radiation and high temperature, preferably will throw material control module and set up outside the shielding layer of reactor is piled to the fused salt to with the sweep gas, blow away partial heat and radioactive gas.
The utility model discloses in, throw the basket and play the cushioning effect, make the additive be unlikely to directly to get into the reactor core active area, but the direct influence of buffering additive to reactor core reactivity. When the continuous feeding is carried out, after the feeding basket is filled with neutron poison, the additive directly enters the core active area and introduces negative reactivity, so that the reactor is guaranteed to be stopped in time.
The utility model discloses in, fused salt charging system not include sampling system, also be not applied to sampling system. According to the operation requirement of the molten salt reactor, the feeding operation can be carried out every day as required, and the radioactivity of the added fuel salt is small; the sampling operation can be performed once a plurality of months, and because the transfer between the molten salt reactor and the external fuel salt needs to be considered, the highly radioactive molten salt can be taken out of the reactor core through the container. Therefore, the molten salt charging system and the sampling system are separately arranged, so that the charging system can be greatly simplified, and the radiation risk is reduced.
The utility model discloses in, adopt foretell fused salt charging system to carry out the reinforced method of fused salt, including following step:
s1: opening the storage bin according to the feeding instruction;
s2: opening the purge gas means and the safety valve;
s3: starting feeding, wherein the additive in the storage bin enters the feeding basket through the feeding pipeline;
s4: closing the safety valve and the purge gas means.
At S1, the fueling command may include a fueling salt command, a neutron poison command, or a restart reactor command.
In S2, the pressure head of the scavenging device is generally larger than the pressure of the covering gas of the molten salt pile, and the covering gas of the molten salt pile is also prevented from overflowing; the blowing and sweeping device is used for blowing and dredging the feeding pipe.
Wherein the pressure head of the scavenging device is preferably 0.1MPa, and the pressure of the molten salt reactor covering gas is preferably 0.05 MPa. Generally, the molten salt heap cover gas is located above the molten salt level.
In S3, the amount of the additive is determined according to the type of the additive. When the additive is fuel salt, the feeding amount of the additive is the amount of reactivity required to be compensated by the molten salt reactor divided by the amount of reactivity introduced by the additive; when the additive is a neutron poison, the additive amount of the additive is the amount of reactivity required to be introduced when the molten salt reactor is shut down, and is divided by the amount of reactivity introduced by one poison.
In S4, the closing operation is preferably performed after the detection switch feeds back a signal that the additive is no longer passing through.
In S4, the operation sequence of the closing is preferably the relief valve and the purge gas means.
In a preferred embodiment, when the power of the molten salt pile is 2.0MW, the type of molten salt is LiF-BeF 2 -ZrF 4 -UF 4 Volume of molten salt 2.133m 3 Then, to achieve full power operation, the molten salt reactor power is 2.0 MW. The additive is fuel salt LiF-UF 4 The fuel salt was added in an amount of 2/day, dosed in a single dose. By adding the fuel salt into the molten salt reactor, the nuclear fuel concentration in the molten salt in the reactor core is increased, namely, the residual reactivity of the reactor core is increased, so that the molten salt reactor continues to operate.
In another preferred embodiment, when the power of the molten salt pile is 2.0MW, the type of molten salt is LiF-BeF 2 -ZrF 4 -UF 4 Volume of molten salt is 2.133m 3 In order to realize fast shutdown, continuous feeding is adopted, 1000pcm negative reactivity is introduced at one time, and the additive is a ballNeutron poison LiF-ThF in the form of a solid 4 And the addition amount of the neutron poison is 3000. And (3) introducing negative reactivity into the reactor core by adding the neutron poison into the molten salt reactor or reducing the concentration of the nuclear fuel in the molten salt of the reactor core, so that the molten salt reactor is quickly stopped.
In another preferred embodiment, when the volume of the molten salt is 2.133m 3 In the process, in order to restart the reactor after shutdown, continuous feeding is adopted, the positive reactivity of 1000pcm is introduced at one time, and the additive is spherical fuel salt LiF-UF 4 The addition amount of the fuel salt is preferably 20000.
Wherein, the molten salt feeding method can be intermittent feeding or continuous feeding. The intermittent feeding is that the additive is slowly melted in the feeding basket by molten salt in the reactor and mixed into the molten salt, so that the reactivity of the reactor core is slowly changed; the continuous feeding can be one-time feeding of additives, so that the additives are spread over the feeding basket and directly enter the molten salt reactor, the effect of quickly introducing negative reactivity is achieved, and the reactor core is quickly stopped.
When the reactivity of the molten salt reactor core is low, the control module sends out the refueling salt instruction, the molten salt charging system opens the scavenging device to provide air pressure, then opens the safety valve, and then opens the charging module to charge single additives; and after the signal that the additive does not pass through is fed back by the detection switch, the safety valve and the purge gas device are sequentially closed.
When the molten salt reactor sends an emergency shutdown signal, the control module sends a neutron poison adding instruction, the molten salt charging system opens the scavenging device to provide air pressure, opens the safety valve, opens the charging module to continuously charge materials, and closes the safety valve and the scavenging device in sequence after the additives in the charging module are charged completely.
And after the reactor shutdown, in order to realize the restart of the reactor, the fuel salt is used as the additive for feeding.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined at will to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
The reagent and the raw material used in the utility model are available on the market.
The utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in:
1. the molten salt charging system of the utility model can intelligently add fuel salt according to the requirement of reactor core reactivity, and realize the online charging function of the fourth-generation reactor; the molten salt reactor can be stopped quickly and for a long time by replacing the additives, and the reactor has restarting capability.
2. The molten salt feeding system of the utility model closes the safety valve when not feeding and only the additive can not be fed in when feeding; the leakage of radioactive substances is prevented by using a mode that the purge gas ensures that the gas only enters but not exits; and, the utility model discloses a charging system is an inclosed environment, when reinforced, if the cover gas of main container leaks, can emergency shut relief valve, even there is radioactive substance to leak, also only to charging system in, can not leak in the environment.
3. The utility model discloses a fused salt charging system has realized online intelligent reinforced through automatic control, has reduced the complexity of reactivity control design, simplifies charging system greatly, has also reduced the risk of radiation simultaneously, has improved the operation safety of reactor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a molten salt feeding system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic control logic diagram of a molten salt charging system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a storage bin; 2. a purge gas device; 31. a feeding pipeline; 32. a pressure transmitter; 33. a detection switch; 34. a safety valve; 35. a feeding basket; 36. an additive; 4. a molten salt reactor; 41. covering with air; 42. and (3) melting salt.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by way of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a molten salt charging system of the present embodiment, including a charging module, and a charging control module; the feeding module comprises a storage bin 1 and a feeding pipeline 31 connected with the storage bin 1, and a sweeping gas device 2 and a pressure transmitter 32 are arranged on the feeding pipeline 31; the feeding module comprises a feeding basket 35; the bottom of the feeding basket 35 is arranged below the liquid level of the molten salt 42 of the molten salt pile; a detection switch 33 and a safety valve 34 are further sequentially arranged at the connection part of the self-feeding pipeline 31 facing the feeding basket 35; the feeding control module is connected with the detection switch 33, the safety valve 34, the blowing and scavenging device 2 and the pressure transmitter 32 in a control mode and used for controlling feeding.
The storage bin 1 comprises a fuel salt bin and a neutron poison bin; the connection of the fuel salt bin and the neutron poison bin with the feeding pipeline 31 is a rotary switching pipeline connection. The radius of the charging basket 35 is at least 3 times of the radius of the additive 36; the bottom surface and the side wall of the feeding basket 35 are both provided with small holes, and the radius of the small holes is smaller than that of the additive 36; the radius of the charging pipe 31 is larger than that of the additive 36. The feeding control module is in a manual control mode or an automatic control mode; the manual control mode is that the feeding control module is realized by manually starting mechanical control; the automatic control mode is realized by the control of a feeding control module and a chip integrated controller.
Fig. 2 is a schematic control logic diagram of the molten salt charging system in this embodiment, after receiving a molten salt reactor signal, the charging control module opens the purge gas device 2 and the safety valve 34, and charges the additive 36, and after sending a signal that no additive 36 passes through by the switch 33 to be detected, the safety valve 34, the charging module, and the purge gas device 2 are sequentially closed, where the molten salt reactor signal includes an adjusting rod position signal and an emergency shutdown signal.
Example 2
The molten salt charging system of example 1 was used, wherein the radius of the charging basket 35 was 5.0cm, the height of the charging basket 35 was 5.0cm, the radius of the small hole was 1mm, the radius of the charging pipe 31 was 1.1cm, and the additive 36 was fuel salt LiF-UF in the form of a ball 4 The radius thereof was 1.0 cm.
By adopting the molten salt feeding system, the power is 2.0MW and the volume is 2.133m 3 The molten salt is LiF-BeF 2 -ZrF 4 -UF 4 The molten salt reactor is charged, the diameter of the molten salt reactor is 2.0m, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: when the reactivity of the molten salt reactor core is low (namely, along with the operation of the reactor, a control rod for controlling the reactivity is slowly lifted from the initial position of 1/2 inserted into the molten salt reactor core, and when a 2/3 part of the control rod lifts the molten salt reactor core), the control module sends a fueling salt instruction to open the storage bin 1 of the fuel salt;
s2: the purge gas device 2 and the safety valve 34 are opened; the pressure head of the scavenging device 2 is 0.1MPa, and the pressure of the covering gas 41 is 0.05 MPa;
s3: starting feeding, wherein the additive 36 in the storage bin 1 enters the feeding basket 35 through the feeding pipeline 31; in order to realize full-power operation, the fuel salt adopts a single intermittent mode, the material is fed every 1 hour, and the adding amount is 2 per day; until the regulating rods are returned 1/2 to the position of insertion into the molten salt reactor core.
S4: when the detection switch feeds back a signal that the additive 36 no longer passes through, the safety valve 34 and the purge gas means 2 are closed in sequence.
Example 3
The molten salt charging system of example 1 was used, wherein the radius of the charging basket 35 was 5.0cm, the height of the charging basket 35 was 5.0cm, the radius of the small hole was 1mm, the radius of the charging pipe 31 was 1.1cm, and the additive 36 was a spherical neutron poison LiF-ThF 4 The radius thereof was 1.0 cm.
By adopting the molten salt feeding system, the power is 2.0MW and the volume is 2.133m 3 The molten salt is LiF-BeF 2 -ZrF 4 -UF 4 The molten salt reactor is charged, the diameter of the molten salt reactor is 2.0m, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: when the molten salt reactor sends out an emergency shutdown signal, the control module sends out the neutron poison adding instruction and starts a storage bin 1 of neutron poisons;
s2: the purge gas device 2 and the safety valve 34 are opened; the pressure head of the scavenging device 2 is 0.1MPa, and the pressure of the covering gas 41 is 0.05 MPa;
s3: starting feeding, wherein the additive 36 in the storage bin 1 enters the feeding basket 35 through the feeding pipeline 31; in order to realize fast shutdown, 1000pcm negative reactivity additive is introduced at one time, and the additive is spherical neutron poison LiF-ThF 4 The neutron poison is continuously fed, and the adding amount is 3000;
s4: when the detection switch feeds back a signal that the additive 36 does not pass any more, the safety valve 34 and the purge gas means 2 are sequentially closed.
Example 4
This example is a method of restarting the reactor after the end of the shutdown charge of example 3.
The molten salt charging system of example 1 was used, wherein the radius of the charging basket 35 was 5.0cm, the height of the charging basket 35 was 5.0cm, the radius of the small hole was 1mm, the radius of the charging pipe 31 was 1.1cm, and the additive 36 was fuel salt LiF-UF in the form of a ball 4 The radius thereof was 1.0 cm.
By adopting the fused salt feeding system, the power is 2.0MW and the volume is 2.133m 3 The molten salt is LiF-BeF 2 -ZrF 4 -UF 4 The molten salt reactor is charged, the diameter of the molten salt reactor is 2.0m, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: when the molten salt reactor sends a restart signal, the control module sends the fueling salt instruction and starts a storage bin 1 of the fuel salt;
s2: the purge gas device 2 and the safety valve 34 are opened; the pressure head of the scavenging device 2 is 0.1MPa, and the pressure of the covering gas 41 is 0.05 MPa;
s3: starting feeding, wherein the additive 36 in the storage bin 1 enters the feeding basket 35 through the feeding pipeline 31; in order to restart the reactor after shutdown, 1000pcm positive and negative reactivity is introduced at one time, and fuel salt LiF-UF with spherical additive is introduced 4 Continuous feeding is adopted, and the adding amount is 20000;
s4: when the detection switch feeds back a signal that the additive 36 no longer passes through, the safety valve 34 and the purge gas means 2 are closed in sequence.
Claims (7)
1. A molten salt charging system is characterized by comprising a charging module, a charging module and a charging control module;
the feeding module comprises a storage bin and a feeding pipeline connected with the storage bin, and a blowing and scavenging device and a pressure transmitter are arranged on the feeding pipeline; the feeding module comprises a feeding basket; the bottom of the feeding basket is arranged below the molten salt liquid level of the molten salt pile; a detection switch and a safety valve are further sequentially arranged at the joint of the feeding pipeline and the feeding basket;
the feeding control module is in control connection with the detection switch, the safety valve, the scavenging device and the pressure transmitter and is used for controlling feeding.
2. The molten salt charging system of claim 1, wherein the storage bins comprise a fuel salt bin and a neutron poison bin; the fuel salt bin and the neutron poison bin are connected with the feeding pipeline through a rotatable switching pipeline.
3. The molten salt charging system of claim 1, wherein the radius of the charging basket is at least 3 times the radius of the additive; the bottom surface and the side wall of the feeding basket are both provided with small holes, and the radius of the small holes is smaller than that of the additive; the radius of the feeding pipeline is larger than that of the additive.
4. A molten salt charging system as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the radius of the basket is 5.0cm, the height of the basket is 5.0cm and the radius of the aperture is 1 mm.
5. A molten salt charging system as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the radius of the charging conduit is 1.1 cm; the radius of the additive was 1.0 cm.
6. The molten salt charging system of claim 1, wherein the charging control module is a manual control module.
7. A molten salt charging system as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the charging control module is an automatic control module.
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| CN202221132998.7U CN217405118U (en) | 2022-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | Molten salt charging system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114842989A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-02 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Molten salt charging system and molten salt charging method |
| US11931763B2 (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2024-03-19 | Abilene Christian University | Identifying and quantifying components in a high-melting-point liquid |
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2022
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11931763B2 (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2024-03-19 | Abilene Christian University | Identifying and quantifying components in a high-melting-point liquid |
| CN114842989A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-02 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Molten salt charging system and molten salt charging method |
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