CN217401406U - Nut - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a nut, include: a nut body configured to have a thread; and the unloading groove is arranged on the nut body, and the topological structure of the bottom of the nut is changed through the groove structure so as to change the load transmission path, so that the load applied to the thread is uniformly distributed.

Description

Nut

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a bolt-up technical field, in particular to nut that fatigue resistance can be stronger.

Background

The wind driven generator should reduce the maintenance frequency and cost as much as possible, but if the maintenance is not carried out in time, serious accidents can be caused, so the maintenance frequency and the maintenance cost are contradictory.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a nut to reduce aerogenerator bolt fastener inefficacy, reduce the number of times of maintaining and reduce the maintenance cost, improve the aerogenerator wholeness.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a nut, include:

a nut body configured to have a thread; and

a relief slot disposed on the nut body, the relief slot configured to alter a nut bottom topology to alter a load transfer path.

Optionally, in the nut, the relief groove is arranged on the nut body relative to the thread such that the load experienced by the thread is substantially evenly distributed.

Alternatively, in the nut described above,

the nut body is a ring cylinder, and threads are arranged on the inner side surface of the ring cylinder;

one end of the outer side surface of the ring cylinder body is provided with a flange-shaped structure which at least extends to the bottom surface of the nut body along the axial direction; and

the relief groove is an annular groove disposed on the bottom surface of the nut body.

Optionally, in the nut described above,

the unloading groove extends from the bottom surface of the nut body along the axial direction to divide the nut body into an outer flange-shaped structure and an inner frustum; and

when the screw thread is loaded, the structural rigidity of the frustum is smaller than that of other screw threads, so that the load of the screw thread at the frustum is reduced, and the axial load of the screw thread is transmitted backwards to be increased.

Optionally, in the nut described above,

the bottom surface of the frustum is higher than the bottom surface of the flange-like structure so that:

when the thread is loaded, the thread at the frustum retreats, and the axial load of the thread is transmitted backwards and increased.

Optionally, in the nut described above,

at least 1 sharp thread undercut of the starting thread at the frustum makes its thread height less than that of the other threads so that:

when the thread is loaded, the stress of the thread at the frustum is reduced, and the axial load of the thread is transmitted backwards and increased.

Optionally, in the nut described above,

the caliber of the bolt hole at the position of the frustum is larger than the calibers of the bolt holes at other threads, so that:

when the thread is loaded, the stress of the thread at the frustum is reduced, and the axial load of the thread is transmitted backwards and increased.

Alternatively, in the nut described above,

the depth of the unloading groove at least exceeds 2 screw teeth;

the shape of the width section of the unloading groove comprises a triangle, a circle, a rectangle or a trapezoid;

the outer contour of the flange-shaped structure is a cylinder, a frustum or a prism.

Optionally, in the nut, the bottom end of the flange-like structure is perpendicular to the axial direction of the nut body, an

Self-locking through the friction force between the bottom end of the flange-shaped structure and the surface of the clamped piece.

Alternatively, in the nut described above,

the nut is arranged on a blade root bolt of the wind driven generator blade; and

and the bolt and the nut are used for connecting the blade root and the variable pitch bearing and/or the variable pitch bearing and the hub.

The utility model discloses an inventor discovers through research, reduces the number of times and the difficult point of cost of the maintenance that aerogenerator should lie in, after aerogenerator moved for a long time, and the stress fatigue appears easily in aerogenerator's nut, especially fan blade root department, and the load of this department is great and changeable, causes the load design very complicated, and is further, if maintain untimely can cause serious accident, so and aerogenerator's maintenance cost demand is contradictory.

Further, the hub is one of the core components of a wind turbine (abbreviated as "wind turbine"), and is used for rotatably supporting the blades (and wind turbine components such as pitch bearings of the blades) to generate electric energy. The pitch bearing is one of the key components in a wind turbine that is used to change the pitch angle of the wind turbine blades to facilitate power generation. The variable-pitch bearing is usually installed in a high air space with dozens of meters or hundreds of meters, and the assembly, disassembly, operation and maintenance work is difficult, so that the operation and maintenance cost is high. However, the pitch bearing usually needs to bear larger radial load, axial load and overturning moment in the operation process, so that the key point of the industry is to ensure that the threaded structure connected with the blade or the hub has higher reliability and lower structural damage under the condition of maintaining as little as possible so as to ensure that the service life of the threaded structure is as long as possible.

The utility model provides an among the nut, through will installing the nut design on aerogenerator blade root bolt for anti fatigue nut, can improve its life, this nut specifically can change the transmission route of load including arranging the off-load groove structure on the nut body, make the load distribution that the screw thread received even, consequently at the bolt in-process of being on active service, the alternating load of blade passes through the structure and transmits to the blade root bolt on, because the effect that the dispersion power of this anti fatigue nut flows, bolt and the first tooth of nut complex department alternating stress greatly reduces, bolt fatigue life improves.

Further, the technical scheme of the utility model lies in: one is that the structural rigidity who makes the frustum is less than the structural rigidity of other screw thread departments, lead to the thread of frustum department to bear the weight of and reduce, the axial load of screw thread increases to the transmission backward, it is second the bottom surface that makes the frustum is higher than the bottom surface of flange column structure, the thread of frustum department retreats, the axial load of screw thread increases to the transmission backward, the third is that the tooth height that its tooth height is less than other screw thread departments is made to 1 at least screw thread acute angle abate of the initial screw thread of frustum department, reduce the stress of the thread of frustum department, the axial load of screw thread increases to the transmission backward. Compared with the traditional nut, the anti-bolt fatigue nut has the advantages that the bolt load is transmitted to the rear of the front 2-3 threads meshed with the bolt and the nut more by any one of the three modes through the special structure of the unloading groove and the frustum, the load of the maximum stress threads of the bolt is reduced, and the service life of the bolt is prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nut according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic outer profile view of a nut according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the first embodiment of the present invention, showing the unloading groove isolated from load transmission by the groove structure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the thread height of the screw thread at the frustum of the second embodiment of the present invention being smaller than the thread heights at other screw threads;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the third embodiment of the present invention, wherein the diameter of the bolt hole at the frustum is larger than the diameters of the bolt holes at other screw threads;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention in a nut application;

shown in the figure: 1-a nut body; 2-flange-like structure; 3-an unloading groove; 4-frustum of a cone; 5-thread; 6-bolt; 100-blade; 101-bolt sleeve; 102-root bolt; 103-root flange; 104-fatigue resistant nuts; 105-a variable pitch bearing outer ring bolt; 106-a hub; 107-fatigue resistant nuts; 108-pitch bearing.

Detailed Description

The nut of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in simplified form and are not to precise scale, and are provided for convenience and clarity in order to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the present invention.

Furthermore, features in different embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other, unless otherwise specified. For example, a feature of the second embodiment may be substituted for a corresponding or functionally equivalent or similar feature of the first embodiment, and the resulting embodiments are likewise within the scope of the disclosure or recitation of the present application.

An object of the utility model is to provide a nut to realize that aerogenerator minimize maintains number of times and cost and guarantee safe problem again.

In the present invention, the term "substantially evenly distributed load" means that the difference in load at different locations is less than 15%, in particular less than 10%, preferably less than 5%.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a nut, include: a nut body configured to have a thread; and the unloading groove is arranged on the nut body, and can cut off load transmission through a groove structure so as to change the load transmission path, so that the load of the thread is uniformly distributed. The utility model provides a nut is not limited to and uses in the aerogenerator field, uses under other fields or use occasion the utility model provides a nut also is within the protection scope. Such as aerospace, shipbuilding, large machinery, etc.

Fig. 1 to 3 provide the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, it shows the profile schematic diagram of the nut, the nut includes a nut body 1, a flange-shaped structure 2, an unloading groove 3, a frustum 4 and a thread 5, wherein the unloading groove 3 is arranged on the nut body 1, and the nut bottom topological structure is changed through the unloading groove structure to change the transmission path of the load, so that the load received by the thread is distributed uniformly. The form, the arrangement position and the slotting mode of the unloading groove are not limited to the structure provided by the utility model, but the groove structure which makes the load of the thread uniformly distributed through the groove at the bottom of the nut is within the protection scope of the utility model. The relief grooves may be grooves of the same or different depth, and may have any pitch such as 2 times pitch, 2.5 times pitch, 3 times pitch, or the deepest depth of the relief grooves may be the maximum depth at which the nut can be grooved.

Specifically, the nut body 1 is a ring cylinder, and the threads 5 are arranged on the inner side surface of the ring cylinder; and one end of the outer side surface of the ring cylinder has a flange-like structure 2, as shown in fig. 2, which shows the outer contour of the nut, the flange-like structure 2 extending at least axially to the bottom surface of the nut body 1; and the relief groove 3 is an annular groove as shown in fig. 1, which is disposed on the bottom surface of the nut body 1.

As shown in fig. 3, it shows a schematic diagram of a principle that the unloading groove separates load transmission by a groove structure to change a load transmission path, so that the thread is uniformly distributed, and the unloading groove extends from the bottom surface of the nut body along the axial direction to separate the nut body into an outer flange-like structure and an inner frustum; and when the thread is loaded, the structural rigidity of the frustum is smaller than that of other threads, so that the load of the thread at the frustum is reduced, and the axial load of the thread is transmitted backwards to be increased.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, in the nut of the present embodiment, the bottom surface of the frustum is higher than the bottom surface of the flange-like structure, so that: when the thread is loaded, the thread at the frustum retreats, and the axial load of the thread is transmitted backwards and increased. The shape of the width section of the unloading groove comprises a triangle, a circle, a rectangle, a trapezoid or an irregular shape; the outer contour of the flange-shaped structure is a cylinder, a frustum or a prism. The bottom end of the flange-shaped structure is perpendicular to the axial direction of the nut body, and self-locking is achieved through the friction force between the bottom end of the flange-shaped structure and the surface of the clamped piece.

Some nuts in the prior art have annular grooves, but unlike the present embodiment, the present embodiment has a flange-like structure with the annular grooves at the flange end (i.e., the cylindrical carrier or carrier segment end), both of which differ in profile and cross-sectional structure. The bottom end of the nut flange of the embodiment is a plane, and is self-locked by the friction force between the bottom end of the flange and the surface of a clamped piece without a cylindrical self-locking section.

FIG. 4 provides a second embodiment of the present invention, which is a schematic view showing that the thread height of the screw thread at the frustum is smaller than that of other screw threads; in the nut of the embodiment, for example, the thread height of the screw teeth at least the first two frustums of the starting end is less than the thread height of other screw threads, and is only half or three-quarters of the other screw threads (which can be gradually increased), so that the acute angle of the screw teeth at the frustums is inverted, when the screw threads are loaded, the stress of the screw teeth at the frustums is reduced, and the axial load transmission of the screw threads is increased backwards. In addition, as shown in fig. 4, the depth of the unloading groove 3 at least exceeds 2 threads to ensure effective load distribution, and the bottom surface of the frustum is higher than the bottom surface of the flange-shaped structure and/or the caliber of the bolt hole at the frustum is larger than the calibers of the bolt holes at other threads to distribute the load, so that the depth of the unloading groove can be slightly reduced. In this embodiment, the thread start section of the nut is cut off at the thread start tip of the start thread, and the prior art has no structure which has the effect of further shunting the load.

Fig. 5 provides a third embodiment of the present invention, which shows a schematic view of the bolt hole diameter at the frustum being larger than the bolt hole diameters at other threads; in the nut of the present embodiment, the bolt hole caliber at the frustum 4 is larger than the bolt hole calibers at the other threads, so that: when the thread 5 is loaded, the stress of the thread at the frustum 4 is reduced, and the axial load of the thread is transmitted backwards and increased.

Fig. 6 provides a fourth embodiment of the invention, showing a schematic view of an application of the nut; wherein this embodiment is through providing a aerogenerator, and it includes blade 100, blade root flange 103, wheel hub 106 and becomes oar bearing 108, wherein blade 100, blade root flange 103 and become between the oar bearing 108 through blade root bolt 102 with the utility model provides an anti fatigue nut 104 cooperatees and is connected, has bolt housing 101 on the blade root bolt 102, wheel hub 106 with become between the oar bearing 108 through become oar bearing outer lane bolt 105 with the utility model provides an anti fatigue nut 107 cooperatees and connects.

The nut of this embodiment is through installing on aerogenerator blade root bolt, and the bolt is in the in-service process, and the blade gets alternating load and transmits to the blade root bolt through the structure on, because the effect of this antifatigue nut's dispersed force flows, the bolt greatly reduces with the first tooth department alternating stress of nut complex, and bolt fatigue life improves.

In the nut of the embodiment, because the nut is mounted on the bolt of the blade root of the wind turbine, and the bolt and the nut connect the blade root and the pitch bearing and/or the pitch bearing and the hub, the nut of the embodiment can be formed by processing a commonly-used M36 nut, the size specification of the M36 nut is known, and only the relief groove is formed on the bottom surface of the nut.

The utility model discloses an inventor discovers through the research, though aerogenerator should minimize the number of times and the cost of maintaining, but aerogenerator's nut appears stress fatigue easily, especially fan blade root department, and the load of this department is great and changeable, causes the load design very complicated, and is further, if maintain untimely can cause the serious accident, so and aerogenerator's maintenance cost demand is contradictory.

Further, the hub is one of the core components of a wind turbine (abbreviated as "wind turbine"), and is used for rotatably supporting the blades (and wind turbine components such as pitch bearings of the blades) to generate electric energy. The pitch bearing is one of the key components in a wind turbine that is used to change the pitch angle of the wind turbine blades to facilitate power generation. The variable-pitch bearing is usually installed in a high air space with dozens of meters or hundreds of meters, and the assembly, disassembly, operation and maintenance work is difficult, so that the operation and maintenance cost is high. However, the pitch bearing usually needs to bear larger radial load, axial load and overturning moment in the operation process, so that the key point of the industry is to ensure that the threaded structure connected with the blade or the hub has higher reliability and lower structural damage under the condition of maintaining as little as possible so as to ensure that the service life of the threaded structure is as long as possible.

The utility model provides an among the nut, improve its life for anti fatigue nut through the nut design that will install on aerogenerator blade root bolt, the concrete groove structure including arranging the off-load groove on the nut body changes the transmission route of load, make the screw thread receive at load distribution even, consequently at the bolt in service process, the blade gets alternating load and transmits to the blade root bolt through the structure on, because the effect that this anti fatigue nut's dispersion power flows, bolt and the first tooth of nut complex department alternating stress greatly reduce, bolt fatigue life improves.

Furthermore, one of the utility model is that the structural rigidity of the frustum is less than that of other screw threads, which reduces the load of the screw teeth at the frustum, the axial load of the screw thread is transmitted backwards and increased, the bottom surface of the frustum is higher than that of the flange-shaped structure, the screw teeth at the frustum are retreated, the axial load of the screw thread is transmitted backwards and increased, the acute-angle inverted blunting of at least 1 screw tooth of the initial screw thread at the frustum makes the tooth height less than that of other screw threads, which reduces the stress of the screw teeth at the frustum, the axial load of the screw thread is transmitted backwards and increased, compared with the traditional nut, any of the three ways realizes that the anti-fatigue nut transmits the bolt load more to the rear of the front 2-3 screw teeth of the bolt and the nut engaged through the special structure of the unloading groove and the frustum, changes the load transmission path of the nut, reduces the load of the maximum stress screw teeth of the bolt, thereby enhancing bolt life.

In summary, the above embodiments have described the nut in different configurations, and of course, the present invention includes but is not limited to the configurations listed in the above embodiments, and any modifications based on the configurations provided by the above embodiments are all within the scope of the present invention. One skilled in the art can take the contents of the above embodiments to take a counter-measure.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the description of the method part.

The above description is only for the purpose of describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the above disclosure are all within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A nut, comprising:

a nut body configured to have a thread; and

and the unloading grooves are arranged on the nut body relative to the threads, so that the loads applied to the threads are basically evenly distributed.

2. The nut of claim 1,

the nut body is a ring cylinder, and threads are arranged on the inner side surface of the ring cylinder;

one end of the outer side surface of the ring cylinder body is provided with a flange-shaped structure which at least extends to the bottom surface of the nut body along the axial direction; and

the relief groove is an annular groove disposed on the bottom surface of the nut body.

3. The nut of claim 2,

the unloading groove extends from the bottom surface of the nut body along the axial direction to divide the nut body into an outer flange-shaped structure and an inner frustum; and

when the screw thread is loaded, the structural rigidity of the frustum is smaller than that of other screw threads, so that the load of the screw thread at the frustum is reduced, and the axial load of the screw thread is transmitted backwards to be increased.

4. The nut of claim 3,

the bottom surface of frustum is higher than the bottom surface of flange column structure or the bolt hole bore of frustum department is greater than the bolt hole bore of other screw thread departments to make:

when the screw thread is loaded, the axial load of the screw thread is transmitted backwards and increased, and the stress of the screw thread at the frustum position is reduced.

5. The nut of claim 3,

the acute angle of at least 1 thread at the initial thread at the frustum is blunted so that the thread height is less than that at the other threads, so that:

when the thread is loaded, the stress of the thread at the frustum is reduced, and the axial load of the thread is transmitted backwards and increased.

6. The nut of claim 2,

the depth of the unloading groove at least exceeds 2 screw teeth;

the shape of the width section of the unloading groove comprises a triangle, a circle, a rectangle or a trapezoid;

the outer contour of the flange-shaped structure is a cylinder, a frustum or a prism.

7. The nut as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bottom end of the flange-like structure is perpendicular to the axial direction of the nut body, and

self-locking through the friction force between the bottom end of the flange-shaped structure and the surface of the clamped piece.

8. The nut of claim 2,

the nut is arranged on a blade root bolt of the wind driven generator blade; and

and the bolt and the nut are used for connecting the blade root and the variable pitch bearing and/or the variable pitch bearing and the hub.

Images