CN217380777U

CN217380777U - Full-range operation nozzle

Info

Publication number: CN217380777U
Application number: CN202220610604.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 熊建军; 曾明富; 凡家异; 宋敏; 梁权伟; 李邦明; 熊欣; 刘辉; 吕博儒
Original assignee: Dongfang Electric Machinery Co Ltd DEC
Current assignee: Dongfang Electric Machinery Co Ltd DEC
Priority date: 2022-03-21
Filing date: 2022-03-21
Publication date: 2022-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-21

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of impulse turbine, in particular to nozzle of full range operation. The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a nozzle of full range operation, includes the nozzle main part, installs the piston cylinder in the nozzle main part, is provided with the piston in the piston cylinder, is connected with the piston rod on the piston, and the piston cylinder is stretched out to the one end of piston rod, still includes the spray needle, and the spray needle is provided with central through-hole, and the central through-hole department of spray needle passes through central bolted connection with the piston rod, and the nozzle mouth of nozzle main part can be dismantled and be connected with nozzle mouth ring. The utility model provides a nozzle of the whole range operation of nozzle needle and nozzle choma convenient dismouting.

Description

Full-range operation nozzle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of impulse turbine, in particular to nozzle of full range operation.

Background

The current stage nozzle structure uses the typical design of a fixed size nozzle orifice ring. The nozzle opening typically cannot be less than 20% of the maximum opening and the flow rate cannot be less than 30% of the maximum flow rate. The range of nozzle adjustment capacity is therefore limited.

The existing impulse turbine power station output adjustment needs to depend on the combined action of the number of operating units and the opening adjustment of nozzles, so that the output adjustment in a wide range is realized, and the requirements of water quantity and electric quantity change in different seasons are met. Therefore, the number of the units is increased, the single unit output is reduced, and the method is a main means for solving the wide output range at the present stage, so that the power station installation is mainly medium and small, and the domestic maximum impact unit single unit output does not exceed 150 MW.

Fig. 3 shows the typical result of a prior art nozzle, where the needle is pointed and more parts need to be removed to remove the needle. The maintenance and replacement process is complex, the overhaul time is long, and the cost caused by machine unit shutdown is high.

Some power stations are restricted by geographical conditions, the plant field is limited, the plane size of the plant needs to be reduced as much as possible, the number of units needs to be reduced, and therefore the units with larger capacity need to be matched, and the output of the units needs to reach 500MW at least. The power station still needs to have the adjusting capability of the full output range, and the traditional nozzle structure cannot realize the adjusting capability of the 100 percent range due to the limitation of the operation range. In low flow season, the jet flow is diverged due to the large nozzle opening and the small opening of the spray needle, the water flow cannot be accurately sprayed to the rotating wheel, and the hydraulic loss is large.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a nozzle which is convenient for the whole range of disassembly and assembly of a spray needle and a nozzle opening ring.

The utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts does:

the utility model provides a nozzle of full range operation, includes the nozzle main part, installs the piston cylinder in the nozzle main part, is provided with the piston in the piston cylinder, is connected with the piston rod on the piston, and the piston cylinder is stretched out to the one end of piston rod, still includes the spray needle, and the spray needle is provided with central through-hole, and the central through-hole department of spray needle passes through central bolted connection with the piston rod, and the nozzle mouth of nozzle main part can be dismantled and be connected with nozzle mouth ring.

When the piston cavity is filled with high-pressure liquid, the piston is pushed, so that the piston rod pushes the spray needle to move. Because the spray needle is connected with the piston rod through the central through hole, the central bolt can be disassembled and assembled from the through hole at the front end of the nozzle, other parts do not need to be disassembled, and the disassembly and replacement of the spray needle are completed.

In low flow season, the jet flow is diverged due to the large nozzle opening and the small opening of the spray needle, the water flow cannot be accurately sprayed to the rotating wheel, and the hydraulic loss is large. In rainy season, standard size nozzle ring and nozzle needle are used. The low-load nozzle opening ring is replaced in dry seasons, and the low-load spray needle is matched, so that the jet flow of the spray needle is not dispersed when the flow is small, and the higher jet efficiency of the nozzle is ensured. The nozzle can have the adjustment capability of a full output range by replacing the spray needle and the nozzle opening ring.

As the utility model discloses a preferred scheme, be connected with balanced piston on the piston rod, balanced piston is located between piston cylinder and the spray needle, is provided with the balanced face on the balanced piston, and the balanced face is perpendicular with the piston rod. The balance piston connected to the piston rod drives the nozzle needle to complete the closing action. The balance piston can adjust the hydraulic load acting on the spray needle, reduce the pressure of a control system and reduce the size of the piston. The load of the whole motion process can be adjusted by the balance spring, the load size of the whole opening or closing process is basically kept consistent, and the control is more convenient and faster.

As the preferred scheme of the utility model, be fixed with the lantern ring on the piston cylinder, the balance piston keeps away from a pot head of needle and locates on the lantern ring. The lantern ring can seal the piston cylinder, avoids hydraulic oil to leak.

As the utility model discloses a preferred scheme, be connected with the apron on the lantern ring, outside the balanced piston was located to the apron cover, apron, balanced piston and lantern ring enclosed into annular balanced chamber. After the water in the flow channel enters the balance cavity, the balance cavity keeps certain water pressure, and the balance piston and the spray needle can be reliably pushed.

As the utility model discloses a preferred scheme, be provided with the elastic balance mechanism between piston and the lantern ring, the elastic balance mechanism cover is located on the piston rod. When the power station drains water, the pressure fluctuation of the pipeline is large, and in order to ensure the reliable closing performance, an elastic balance mechanism is arranged in the nozzle, so that the equipment can be ensured to be stably kept in a closing state.

As the utility model discloses a preferred scheme, elastic balance mechanism is including the preceding spring tray, balance spring and the back spring tray that set gradually, and preceding spring tray is located between the lantern ring and the balance spring, and back spring tray is located between balance spring and the piston. The balance spring can balance the operating force when the nozzle is opened and closed, so that the operating force is kept stable in the whole opening and closing process. In order to improve the motion flexibility of the balance spring, a front spring tray and a rear spring tray are arranged on two sides of the spring so as to position the installation position of the spring.

The load of the whole motion process can be adjusted by the balance spring, the load size of the whole opening or closing process is basically kept consistent, and the control is more convenient and faster. And the spray needle is ensured to have a full-stroke self-closing trend, and the spray needle can still be safely closed after the control pressure disappears, so that accidents are not caused.

As the preferable proposal of the utility model, the nozzle body is connected with a deflector. The deflector guides the water flow, and ensures that the water flow can accurately impact the blades of the rotating wheel.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the utility model discloses a spray needle passes through central through-hole and is connected with the piston rod, and then the central bolt can be followed nozzle front end through-hole and carried out the dismouting, need not dismantle other parts, accomplishes the dismantlement and the replacement of spray needle. The low-load nozzle opening ring is replaced in dry seasons, and the low-load spray needle is matched, so that the jet flow of the spray needle is not dispersed when the flow is small, and the higher jet efficiency of the nozzle is ensured. The nozzle can have the adjustment capability of a full output range by replacing the spray needle and the nozzle opening ring.

2. The balance piston can adjust the hydraulic load acting on the spray needle, reduce the pressure of a control system and reduce the size of the piston. The load of the whole motion process can be adjusted by the balance spring, the load size of the whole opening or closing process is basically kept consistent, and the control is more convenient and faster.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention when the nozzle orifice ring is replaced with a dry season nozzle orifice ring;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a conventional tip nozzle.

In the figure: 1-a nozzle body; 2-a piston; 3-a balance spring; 4-a piston rod; 5-a balance piston; 6-spray needle; 7-nozzle orifice ring; 8-center bolt; 9-a deflector; 10-a piston cylinder; 11-a collar; 12-cover plate.

Detailed Description

To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the attached drawings in the embodiments of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

As shown in fig. 1, the nozzle operating in the full range of the embodiment includes a nozzle body 1, a piston cylinder 10 is installed in the nozzle body 1, a piston 2 is arranged in the piston cylinder 10, a piston rod 4 is connected to the piston 2, one end of the piston rod 4 extends out of the piston cylinder 10, the nozzle also includes a nozzle needle 6, the nozzle needle 6 is provided with a central through hole, the central through hole of the nozzle needle 6 is connected with the piston rod 4 through a central bolt 8, and an opening of the nozzle 1 of the nozzle body 1 is connected with a nozzle opening ring 7 through a bolt.

When the cavity of the piston 2 is filled with high-pressure liquid, the piston 2 is pushed, so that the piston rod 4 pushes the spray needle 6 to move. Because the spray needle 6 is connected with the piston rod 4 through the central through hole, the central bolt 8 can be disassembled and assembled from the through hole at the front end of the spray nozzle 1, other parts do not need to be disassembled, and the disassembly and replacement of the spray needle 6 are completed.

In low flow season, the jet flow is diverged because the opening of the nozzle 1 is large and the opening of the spray needle 6 is small, water flow cannot be accurately sprayed onto the rotating wheel, and hydraulic loss is large. In rainy season, the nozzle orifice ring 7 and the spray needle 6 of standard sizes are used. As shown in figure 2, the low-load nozzle opening ring 7 is replaced in dry seasons, and the low-load spray needles 6 are matched, so that the jet flow of the spray needles 6 is not dispersed when the flow is small, and the high jet flow efficiency of the nozzle 1 is ensured. By replacing the needle 6 and the nozzle orifice ring 7, the nozzle 1 can be adjusted to a full force range.

Furthermore, the piston rod 4 is connected with a balance piston 5, the balance piston 5 is positioned between the piston cylinder 10 and the spray needle 6, and the balance piston 5 is provided with a balance surface which is perpendicular to the piston rod 4. The needle 6 is closed, and the balance piston 5 connected to the piston rod 4 pushes the needle 6 to complete the closing action. The balance piston 5 can adjust the hydraulic load acting on the spray needle 6, reduce the pressure of a control system and reduce the size of the piston 2. The balance spring 3 can adjust the load in the whole movement process, so that the load size in the whole opening or closing process is basically kept consistent, and the control is more convenient and faster.

A lantern ring 11 is fixed on the piston cylinder 10, and one end, far away from the spray needle 6, of the balance piston 5 is sleeved on the lantern ring 11. The lantern ring 11 can seal the piston cylinder 10 to avoid hydraulic oil leakage. The lantern ring 11 is connected with a cover plate 12, the cover plate 12 is sleeved outside the balance piston 5, and the cover plate 12, the balance piston 5 and the lantern ring 11 enclose an annular balance cavity. After the water in the flow channel enters the balance cavity, the balance cavity keeps certain water pressure, and the balance piston 5 and the spray needle 6 can be reliably pushed.

Furthermore, an elastic balance mechanism is arranged between the piston 2 and the lantern ring 11, and the elastic balance mechanism is sleeved on the piston rod 4. When the power station drains, the pipeline pressure fluctuation is large, and in order to ensure the reliable closing performance, an elastic balance mechanism is arranged in the nozzle 1, so that the equipment can be ensured to be stably kept in a closing state.

Elastic balance mechanism is including the preceding spring tray, balance spring 3 and the back spring tray that set gradually, and preceding spring tray is located between lantern ring 11 and balance spring 3, and back spring tray is located between balance spring 3 and piston 2. The balance spring 3 can balance the operation force when the nozzle 1 is opened and closed, so that the operation force is kept stable in the whole opening and closing process. In order to improve the motion flexibility of the balance spring 3, a front spring tray and a rear spring tray are arranged on two sides of the spring to position the installation position of the spring.

The balance spring 3 can adjust the load in the whole movement process, so that the load size in the whole opening or closing process is basically kept consistent, and the control is more convenient and faster. And the spray needle 6 is ensured to have the full-stroke self-closing trend, and the spray needle 6 can still be safely closed after the control pressure disappears, so that accidents are not caused.

The nozzle body 1 is connected with a deflector 9. The deflector 9 guides the water flow to ensure that the water flow can accurately impact the blades of the rotating wheel.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone under the teaching of the present invention, and any changes in the shape or structure thereof, all the technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention, are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full range operation nozzle, characterized by: the nozzle comprises a nozzle body (1), a piston cylinder (10) is installed in the nozzle body (1), a piston (2) is arranged in the piston cylinder (10), a piston rod (4) is connected onto the piston (2), one end of the piston rod (4) extends out of the piston cylinder (10), the nozzle also comprises a spray needle (6), the spray needle (6) is provided with a central through hole, the central through hole of the spray needle (6) is connected with the piston rod (4) through a central bolt (8), and a nozzle opening of the nozzle body (1) is detachably connected with a nozzle opening ring (7).

2. A full range of operation nozzle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the piston rod (4) is connected with a balance piston (5), the balance piston (5) is located between the piston cylinder (10) and the spray needle (6), a balance surface is arranged on the balance piston (5), and the balance surface is perpendicular to the piston rod (4).

3. A full range of operation nozzle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a lantern ring (11) is fixed on the piston cylinder (10), and one end, far away from the spray needle (6), of the balance piston (5) is sleeved on the lantern ring (11).

4. A full range of operation nozzle as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the cover plate (12) is connected to the lantern ring (11), the cover plate (12) is sleeved outside the balance piston (5), and the cover plate (12), the balance piston (5) and the lantern ring (11) enclose an annular balance cavity.

5. A full range of operation nozzle as claimed in claim 3, wherein: an elastic balance mechanism is arranged between the piston (2) and the lantern ring (11), and the piston rod (4) is sleeved with the elastic balance mechanism.

6. A full range of operating nozzles as claimed in claim 5, wherein: elastic balance mechanism is including the preceding spring tray, balance spring (3) and the back spring tray that set gradually, and preceding spring tray is located between lantern ring (11) and balance spring (3), and the back spring tray is located between balance spring (3) and piston (2).

7. A full range of operation nozzle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the nozzle body (1) is connected with a deflector (9).