CN217371525U

CN217371525U - Tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of electric spindle

Info

Publication number: CN217371525U
Application number: CN202221418634.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗邦才; 黄志兴; 梁辉
Original assignee: Zhejiang Wangbang Precision Machine Tool Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Wangbang Precision Machine Tool Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-07
Filing date: 2022-06-07
Publication date: 2022-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-07

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the lathe, a tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of an electric spindle is related to, including an electric spindle shell, a shaft core which is provided with a bearing support is rotated in the electric spindle shell, a pull rod which is provided with a disc spring support is arranged in the shaft core in a sliding way, a hydraulic component is arranged in the electric spindle shell above the shaft core in a sliding way, the hydraulic component comprises an oil cylinder body, an oil cylinder end cover and a piston, the oil cylinder body is fixedly connected with the oil cylinder end cover, and the piston is arranged between the oil cylinder body and the oil cylinder end cover in a sliding way; the upper end of the pull rod exceeds the shaft core and is in clearance fit with the piston, and the pull rod is driven to move downwards when the piston moves downwards; the upper end of the shaft core is fixedly connected with a force unloading ring positioned in an inner cavity of the hydraulic assembly, the lower end of the oil cylinder body is provided with an inner circular boss in clearance fit with the force unloading ring, and the inner circular boss is in abutting connection with the lower surface of the force unloading ring when the oil cylinder body moves upwards. The utility model provides a power hydro-cylinder is unloaded in tool changing of electricity main shaft has simple structure, long service life's advantage.

Description

Tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of electric spindle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the lathe, a tool changing of electricity main shaft unloads power hydro-cylinder is related to.

Background

Traditional electricity main shaft's tool changing hydro-cylinder on the current market mainly directly promotes the dress through the hydro-cylinder piston and goes on at the inside pull rod of axle core, and the displacement takes place for the pull rod atress, and the compression supports the dish spring, supports the dish spring and conducts power to the axle core, and the displacement takes place for the axle core atress, and the final power conduction that will receive supports the axle core to the bearing. When the tool changing device is used, if the thrust of the oil cylinder is not large enough, the pull rod cannot generate enough displacement, so that the tool cannot be detached from the electric spindle to change the tool. The tool changing action faced when the electric spindle is used is very frequent, and if the thrust of the oil cylinder is too large, the stress of the final bearing is also very large, so that the service life of the bearing is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses to prior art's not enough, provide a power hydro-cylinder is unloaded in tool changing of electricity main shaft, have simple structure, long service life's advantage.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

a tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of an electric spindle comprises an electric spindle shell, wherein a shaft core supported by a bearing is rotatably arranged in the electric spindle shell, a pull rod supported by a disc spring is arranged in the shaft core in a sliding manner, a hydraulic assembly is arranged in the electric spindle shell above the shaft core in a sliding manner, the hydraulic assembly comprises an oil cylinder body, an oil cylinder end cover and a piston, the oil cylinder body is fixedly connected with the oil cylinder end cover, and the piston is arranged in the oil cylinder body and the oil cylinder end cover in a sliding manner; the upper end of the pull rod exceeds the shaft core and is in clearance fit with the piston, and the pull rod is driven to move downwards when the piston moves downwards; the upper end of the shaft core is fixedly connected with a force unloading ring positioned in an inner cavity of the hydraulic assembly, the lower end of the oil cylinder body is provided with an inner circular boss in clearance fit with the force unloading ring, and the inner circular boss is in abutting connection with the lower surface of the force unloading ring when the oil cylinder body moves upwards.

In foretell tool changing of electricity main shaft unloads power hydro-cylinder, enclose between piston, hydro-cylinder body and the hydro-cylinder end cover and enclose into the oil pocket, and the piston has the same lifting surface with the hydro-cylinder end cover, drive piston down, hydro-cylinder body and hydro-cylinder end cover are gone upward when injecting high-pressure oil into the oil pocket, the piston is contradicted with the pull rod upper end and is connected and drive the pull rod down when descending, be provided with reset spring between the lower terminal surface of piston and the hydro-cylinder body, reset spring drive piston go upward, hydro-cylinder body and hydro-cylinder end cover reset down when high-pressure oil stops to inject. Preferably, the return spring is circumferentially provided in plurality.

In the tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of the electric spindle, a shell end cover is fixedly connected to the upper end of a shell of the electric spindle, the upper end of a piston slides in the shell end cover, and an oil inlet pipe penetrating through the shell end cover and the oil cylinder end cover is connected to an oil cavity.

In the tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of the electric spindle, sealing rings are arranged between the piston and the shell end cover, between the piston and the oil cylinder body and between the oil cylinder body and the oil cylinder end cover.

In the tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of the electric spindle, the lower end of the force unloading ring is provided with an outer circle groove matched with the inner circle boss. When the oil cylinder body moves upwards, the inner circle boss is in abutting connection with the outer circle groove and applies upward pulling force to the force unloading ring.

In the tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of the electric spindle, a first axial gap is formed between the force unloading ring and the inner circular boss (between the lower surface of the outer circular groove and the upper surface of the inner circular boss), and a second axial gap is formed between the oil cylinder end cover and the shell end cover.

In the tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of the electric spindle, the axial size of the second axial gap is larger than that of the first axial gap.

In the tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of the electric spindle, the piston is provided with a first limiting step for limiting the ascending distance of the piston, and the first limiting step is matched with the end cover to form limiting; a second limiting step for limiting the descending distance of the piston is arranged in the oil cylinder body, and the second limiting step is matched with the lower end face of the piston to form limiting; and a third limiting step for limiting the descending distance of the oil cylinder body is arranged in the electric spindle shell, and the third limiting step is matched with the lower end face of the oil cylinder body to form limiting.

In the tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of the electric spindle, the fixing structure is preferably locked by a screw.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following beneficial effect has:

the utility model provides a power hydro-cylinder is unloaded in tool changing of electricity main shaft, this hydro-cylinder can receive the unanimous upward pulling force of size and down thrust simultaneously at the in-process of work, does not need the extra atress of bearing to support to the life of bearing has been improved. Further, the utility model discloses set up a plurality of limit structure, it is that the hydro-cylinder body is more stable at the during operation, also makes the piston have more reasonable stroke simultaneously, and the during operation can not damage because of the too big dish spring that supports that leads to of oil pressure that the electricity main shaft is inside.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

reference numerals: 1. an electric spindle housing; 2. a bearing; 3. a shaft core; 4. a disc spring; 5. a pull rod; 6. a cylinder block; 7. an oil cylinder end cover; 8. a piston; 9. a force unloading ring; 10. an inner circular boss; 11. an oil chamber; 12. a return spring; 13. a housing end cap; 14. an oil inlet pipe; 15. a first axial gap; 16. a second axial gap; 17. a first limit step; 18. a second limit step; 19. and a third limiting step.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described in the following with specific embodiments in conjunction with the drawings, see fig. 1:

a tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of an electric spindle comprises an electric spindle shell 1, wherein a shaft core 3 supported by a bearing 2 is rotatably arranged in the electric spindle shell 1, a pull rod 5 supported by a disc spring 4 is arranged in the shaft core 3 in a sliding manner, a hydraulic assembly is arranged in the electric spindle shell 1 above the shaft core 3 in a sliding manner, the hydraulic assembly comprises an oil cylinder body 6, an oil cylinder end cover 7 and a piston 8, the oil cylinder body 6 is fixedly connected with the oil cylinder end cover 7, and the piston 8 is arranged in the oil cylinder body 6 and the oil cylinder end cover in a sliding manner; the upper end of the pull rod 5 exceeds the shaft core 3 and is in clearance fit with the piston 8, and the pull rod 5 is driven to move downwards when the piston 8 moves downwards; the upper end fixedly connected with of axle core 3 is located the power of unloading ring 9 among the hydraulic assembly inner chamber, the lower extreme of hydro-cylinder body 6 is provided with and unloads power ring 9 clearance fit's interior round boss 10, interior round boss 10 is contradicted with the lower surface of unloading power ring 9 and is connected when hydro-cylinder body 6 goes upward.

The specific arrangement mode of the hydraulic assembly is as follows: an oil cavity 11 is defined by the piston 8, the oil cylinder body 6 and the oil cylinder end cover 7, the piston 8 and the oil cylinder end cover 7 have the same stress area, the piston 8 is driven to move downwards when high-pressure oil is injected into the oil cavity 11, the oil cylinder body 6 and the oil cylinder end cover 7 move upwards, the piston 8 is in abutting connection with the upper end of the pull rod 5 and drives the pull rod 5 to move downwards when moving downwards, a reset spring 12 is arranged between the lower end face of the piston 8 and the oil cylinder body 6, and the reset spring 12 drives the piston 8 to move upwards and resets the oil cylinder body 6 and the oil cylinder end cover 7 downwards when the high-pressure oil stops being injected. Preferably, the return spring 12 is provided in plurality in the circumferential direction.

Further, the upper end of the electric spindle housing 1 is fixedly connected with a housing end cover 13, the upper end of the piston 8 slides in the housing end cover 13, and the oil chamber 11 is connected with an oil inlet pipe 14 penetrating through the housing end cover 13 and the oil cylinder end cover 7.

In order to increase the sealing performance of the oil chamber 11, sealing rings are arranged between the piston 8 and the shell end cover 13, between the piston 8 and the oil cylinder end cover 7, between the piston 8 and the oil cylinder body 6, and between the oil cylinder body 6 and the oil cylinder end cover 7.

In order to make the force-discharging ring 9 and the oil cylinder body 6 better fit, the lower end of the force-discharging ring 9 is provided with an outer circle groove matched with the inner circle boss 10. When the oil cylinder body 6 moves upwards, the inner circle boss 10 is in abutting connection with the outer circle groove and exerts upward pulling force on the force unloading ring 9.

A first axial gap 15 is formed between the stress relief ring 9 and the inner circular boss 10 (between the lower surface of the outer circular groove and the upper surface of the inner circular boss 10), a second axial gap 16 is formed between the oil cylinder end cover 7 and the shell end cover 13, and a space is reserved for the upward stroke of the oil cylinder body 6 and the oil cylinder end cover 7 by the first axial gap 15 and the second axial gap 16. The axial size of the second axial gap 16 is larger than that of the first axial gap 15, so that the oil cylinder body 6 is smoothly contacted with the force unloading ring 9 when the oil cylinder works.

The piston 8 is provided with a first limiting step 17 for limiting the ascending distance of the piston 8, and the first limiting step 17 is matched with the end cover to form limiting; a second limiting step 18 for limiting the downward distance of the piston 8 is arranged in the oil cylinder body 6, and the second limiting step 18 is matched with the lower end face of the piston 8 to form limiting; and a third limiting step 19 for limiting the descending distance of the oil cylinder body 6 is arranged in the electric spindle shell 1, and the third limiting step 19 is matched with the lower end surface of the oil cylinder body 6 to form limiting. Through first spacing step 17 and third spacing step 19, after the tool changing, the oil pressure relief, reset spring 12 will promote piston 8 simultaneously and go upward and contact the end cover, promote the hydro-cylinder body 6 and go downward and contact the casing, avoid the hydro-cylinder body 6 drunkenness from top to bottom, contact with unloading ring 9 when the electricity main shaft high-speed operation to break down. Through the spacing step 18 of second, make piston 8's stroke more reasonable, guarantee pull rod 5 has suitable down displacement, when the injection oil pressure is very high, piston 8 will be the displacement on earth with the cylinder block 6 direct contact, the down displacement of piston 8 receives the restriction this moment, avoids driving pull rod 5 displacement too big and leads to exceeding the compression limit that supports dish spring 4 to lead to the support spring to damage.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation is:

when the electric spindle needs to be changed, external high-pressure oil is injected into an oil cavity 11 in the oil cylinder through an oil inlet pipe 14, and the oil pressure pushes the piston 8 to move downwards and simultaneously pushes the oil cylinder end cover 7 and the oil cylinder body 6 which are locked together to move upwards. The piston 8 pushes the pull rod 5 downwards to generate downward displacement, and downward thrust borne by the pull rod 5 is transmitted to the shaft core 3 through the support disc spring 4. And meanwhile, the oil cylinder body 6 moves upwards, and after the first axial gap 15 between the oil cylinder body 6 and the force unloading ring 9 is eliminated, the force unloading ring 9 is driven to move upwards, and the shaft core 3 locked with the force unloading ring 9 is subjected to an upwards pulling force.

At the moment, the shaft core 3 is simultaneously subjected to the downward pushing force of the piston 8 and the upward pulling force of the oil cylinder end cover 7. Because the piston 8 and the cylinder end cover 7 share the same oil chamber 11, the oil pressure on the piston and the oil chamber is consistent. And meanwhile, the pressure areas of the piston 8 and the oil cylinder end cover 7 are set to be consistent, namely the downward thrust of the piston 8 is consistent with the upward tension of the oil cylinder end cover 7. Therefore, the downward thrust and the upward tension on the shaft core 3 are consistent, and no extra force is generated when the electric spindle is used for tool changing and needs to be supported by the bearing 2.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the protection scope of the present invention according to this, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model are covered within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of an electric spindle comprises an electric spindle shell (1), wherein a shaft core (3) supported by a bearing (2) is arranged in the electric spindle shell (1) in a rotating mode, and a pull rod (5) supported by a disc spring (4) is arranged in the shaft core (3) in a sliding mode; the upper end of the pull rod (5) exceeds the shaft core (3) and is in clearance fit with the piston (8), and the pull rod (5) is driven to move downwards when the piston (8) moves downwards; the upper end of the shaft core (3) is fixedly connected with a force unloading ring (9) positioned in an inner cavity of the hydraulic assembly, an inner circular boss (10) in clearance fit with the force unloading ring (9) is arranged at the lower end of the oil cylinder body (6), and the inner circular boss (10) is in abutting connection with the lower surface of the force unloading ring (9) when the oil cylinder body (6) moves upwards.

2. The tool changing and force unloading cylinder of the electric spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein an oil cavity (11) is defined between the piston (8), the cylinder body (6) and the cylinder end cover (7), the piston (8) and the cylinder end cover (7) have the same stress area, when high-pressure oil is injected into the oil cavity (11), the piston (8) is driven to move downwards, the cylinder body (6) and the cylinder end cover (7) move upwards, and a return spring (12) is arranged between the lower end face of the piston (8) and the cylinder body (6).

3. The tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of the electric spindle is characterized in that a shell end cover (13) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the electric spindle shell (1), the upper end of the piston (8) slides in the shell end cover (13), and the oil chamber (11) is connected with an oil inlet pipe (14) penetrating through the shell end cover (13) and the oil cylinder end cover (7).

4. The tool changing and force unloading oil cylinder of the electric spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that the lower end of the force unloading ring (9) is provided with an outer circular groove matched with the inner circular boss (10).

5. The tool changing and unloading cylinder of an electric spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that a first axial gap (15) is formed between the unloading ring (9) and the inner circular boss (10), and a second axial gap (16) is formed between the cylinder end cover (7) and the housing end cover (13).

6. Tool changing and force unloading cylinder for an electric spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that the axial dimension of the second axial gap (16) is larger than the axial dimension of the first axial gap (15).

7. The tool changing and unloading cylinder of the electric spindle according to claim 3, wherein the piston (8) is provided with a first limit step (17) for limiting the upward distance of the piston (8); a second limiting step (18) for limiting the descending distance of the piston (8) is arranged in the oil cylinder body (6); and a third limiting step (19) for limiting the descending distance of the oil cylinder body (6) is arranged in the electric spindle shell (1).