CN217351418U - Environment control system for large and medium blast furnace cast house plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a large and medium blast furnace casting house plant environmental control system, which comprises a blast furnace, a plant, a main ditch, an iron ditch, a residual iron ditch, a slag ditch and a swing runner nozzle, a plant structure ventilation and heat extraction system and a plant smoke control and dust removal system, wherein the two systems are arranged in a non-contact way, the plant structure ventilation and heat extraction system and/or the plant smoke control and dust removal system are operated or stopped coordinately according to different heat sources and/or smoke source types of the plant, the plant smoke control and dust removal system is provided with a plurality of sub-modules, and different sub-modules are arranged according to the classification of smoke sources and are controlled independently or in a combined way; the utility model discloses a system can reduce factory building machinery air volume, and reinforcing ventilation heat extraction and accuse cigarette dust removal effect realize the energy saving and emission reduction of blast furnace casting house ventilation dust removal.

Description

Environment control system for large and medium blast furnace cast house plant

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an iron-making factory building technical field particularly, relates to a large-and-medium-sized blast furnace casting house factory building environmental control system.

Background

Blast furnace casting houses generate a large amount of smoke and heat during casting. Most of high-temperature smoke dust generated in the tapping process is collected by the dust collection cover and then enters the smoke treatment device, but the smoke dust cannot be completely collected due to the limitation of process conditions, and dust easily escapes from the dust collection cover. The granularity of most escaping smoke dust is smaller than micron level, the air current flows in large-volume factory buildings complicatedly, and the dust is difficult to collect. The smoke generating parts such as an iron notch, an iron runner, a slag runner, a skimmer, a swinging flow nozzle and the like are positioned below a breathing zone of an operator, and smoke with small particle size is easy to be inhaled by a human body to cause mixed dust and lung, so that the health of workers is directly influenced, and the external environment is also polluted. With the continuous development of the steel industry production and the rapid progress of the society, the problem that the unorganized emission of pollutants in a workshop is controlled and the working environment of workers is improved is urgently needed to be solved.

At present, most of dust removal of a taphole is performed by adding a dust removing cover in a stokehole closed chamber, an operator needs to enter the closed chamber for operation, the temperature in the closed chamber is high, dust pollution is serious, and danger is easily caused due to the fact that the internal environment is dark. Even if the furnace front closed chamber is dismantled, the high-temperature smoke and dust generation amount of the taphole and the main channel is large, and the common dust removing cover cannot be completely collected, so that the dust concentration of a workshop post is high, and a large amount of unorganized smoke and dust enters air to pollute the surrounding environment. Some casting houses increase the air suction volume in order to improve the capture efficiency, resulting in a great increase in energy consumption.

Most blast furnace cast house designs focus on 'dust removal', but neglect ventilation and heat exchange of factory buildings. When the blast furnace is used for tapping, the temperature of molten iron is as high as 1100 ℃, a plurality of high-temperature heat sources can be formed in a plant, the heat radiation intensity is as high as 10000W/m2, the radiation temperature of a local working area reaches 100 ℃, and the existence of high temperature and strong radiation in the plant has great influence on the health, personal safety and production efficiency of workers. Some casting houses can remove dust and ventilate and exchange heat at the same time, the thermal environment of the plant is improved to some extent, but the mechanical ventilation rate is greatly increased, so that the operation cost is increased, and a large amount of unorganized smoke dust is easily discharged into the air.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

For solving the problem, to the not enough in the aspect of the blast furnace casting house accuse cigarette heat extraction, the utility model provides a large and medium-sized blast furnace casting house factory building environmental control system to solve the environmental control among the prior art with high costs, the problem of smoke and dust entrapment inefficiency.

The utility model provides a large and medium-sized blast furnace casting house factory building environmental control system, including blast furnace, factory building, main ditch, iron runner, incomplete iron runner, slag runner and swing stem bar, factory building structure ventilation heat extraction system and factory building accuse cigarette dust pelletizing system, two system non-contact settings, factory building structure ventilation heat extraction system and/or factory building accuse cigarette dust pelletizing system coordinate the operation or stop according to the different heat sources of factory building and/or smoke and dust source type, factory building accuse cigarette dust pelletizing system has a plurality of submodule pieces, and different submodule pieces set up alone or combination control according to the smoke and dust source classification.

Further, the blast furnace sets up at the factory building center, and the blast furnace sets up 2-4 tapholes, and the taphole is connected the main ditch, and every taphole main ditch side connects gradually along the tapping direction and sets up slag runner, iron runner, incomplete iron runner, the slag runner passes through the skimmer cover with the main ditch and is connected, swing stem bar is connected to iron runner, incomplete iron runner exit end, the accuse cigarette volume that every taphole corresponds matches with the dust removal amount of wind.

Furthermore, factory building structure ventilation heat extraction system includes bottom air inlet door and window and roof vent, the roof vent is initiatively aired exhaust, bottom air inlet door and window is passive or initiative air inlet, bottom air inlet door and window and/or roof vent are according to dust removal operating mode and external environment change dynamic adjustment amount of wind.

Further, the roof vent is two, and bilateral symmetry sets up in the factory building top, bottom air inlet door and window sets up in four side bottoms of factory building, the amount of wind of two roof vents is 10 ~ 20 ten thousand meters ³ H, both roof vents are controlled independently.

Further, the submodule of the factory building smoke control and dust removal system is an iron notch side suction cover, a main channel top suction cover, a skimmer cover, a smoke baffle, an iron channel side suction cover, a residual iron channel side suction cover, a slag channel side suction cover and a swing runner nozzle side suction cover, the iron notch side suction covers are arranged on the left side and the right side of the iron notch, the main channel top suction cover is arranged above the main channel, the smoke baffle is arranged at the middle end and the tail end of the iron channel, the channel side wall which is divided by the smoke baffle is provided with the iron channel side suction cover, the residual iron channel side suction cover and the slag channel side suction cover, and the swing runner nozzle is provided with the swing runner nozzle side suction cover along the molten iron flowing direction.

Further, the main ditch top suction hood has dust hood main part, pterygoid lamina, front side extension cover, side shield and keep off the fire board, and the parallel ground symmetry of pterygoid lamina sets up in dust hood main part both sides, and the front side extension cover is arranged along the main ditch direction, and length covers the main ditch, and front side extension cover front end sets up the top suction hood and keeps off the fire board, and the vertical downwardly extending of keep off the fire board reaches ground, and the pterygoid lamina edge sets up the side shield on perpendicular to ground, and main ditch top suction hood afterbody meets with wind gap platform edge.

Further, the double-channel pipeline system is connected above the main ditch top suction cover, the double-channel pipeline system is provided with a vertical main pipe, two parallel branch pipes and a bent pipe for connecting the main pipe and the branch pipes, electric valves are arranged on the branch pipes, and the electric valves are adjusted simultaneously or independently according to different tapping periods.

Further, the skimmer cover is arranged right above the skimmer and connected with the main groove top suction cover fire baffle plate, the skimmer cover is T-shaped, the skimmer cover A extends along the main groove direction to cover the whole skimmer below, the skimmer cover B is arranged along the direction opposite to the iron groove, the length of the skimmer cover B is smaller than that of the skimmer cover A, and a skimmer air suction opening is arranged below the tail of the skimmer cover B.

Furthermore, the smoke baffle plate prevents smoke generated by molten iron and iron slag in the flowing process from escaping from two ends of the channel, the smoke baffle plate is made of steel plates, the shape of the smoke baffle plate is attached to the channel, a trapezoidal opening is reserved at the lower part of the smoke baffle plate, and light refractory sintering materials are added on two sides of the lower part of the smoke baffle plate.

Further, the iron runner side suction hood, the residual iron runner side suction hood and the slag runner side suction hood are arranged on the middle upper portion of the side wall of the channel in a segmented and independent control mode, the opening and closing and the air quantity of the iron runner side suction hood are dynamically adjusted according to working conditions, the number of the swing runner nozzle side suction hoods is 3, the swing runner nozzle side suction hood in the middle is normally opened, and the side suction hoods on the two sides are adjusted and controlled to be opened and closed according to the working conditions.

The utility model discloses a to the design of the big-and-middle-sized blast furnace of non unilateral tapping, mainly solve the interior heat extraction smoking control problem of blast furnace tapping, have following technical advantage:

dust removal and ventilation heat exchange are two independent systems, and ventilation and dust removal of a workshop are realized through coordination. The ventilation quantity of the plant machinery is reduced, and energy conservation and emission reduction are really realized; the factory roof is in a totally-enclosed design, and pollution and substandard unorganized smoke emission caused by the unorganized smoke emission to the external environment are prevented.

The factory building top sets up two roof vents, improves factory building thermal environment through mechanical ventilation heat extraction, and the partial secondary smoke and dust of entrapment simultaneously, roof vent reach the optimal energy-conserving effect when guaranteeing factory building ventilation heat transfer according to dust removal operating mode and external environment change dynamic adjustment amount of wind.

The smoke and dust generating source in the blast furnace casting house is refined and accurately controlled in a point-by-point mode, the tapping hole is provided with a side suction cover, the main channel is provided with a top suction cover, the skimmer is provided with a skimmer cover, the slag runner is provided with a side suction cover and a smoke baffle, and the swing spout is provided with a side suction cover to realize zero smoke and dust emission.

The main ditch top suction hood is designed in an open mode, and operators do not need to enter a furnace front closed chamber which is seriously polluted, high in temperature and dangerous; the main ditch top suction hood is additionally provided with two side wing plates, a front side extension hood, a side baffle, a fire baffle and the like on the basis of the traditional dust hood, and the optimized top suction hood can effectively improve the collection efficiency and prevent the smoke dust from overflowing after the numerical simulation calculation verification; the dust removal pipeline above the top suction cover is a double-channel pipeline system, the air quantity of the top suction cover can be accurately adjusted, the air suction quantity of each top suction cover is reasonably distributed when the tapping hole is switched, and the smoke dust overflow at the last stage of tapping is effectively controlled.

The skimmer cover is provided with a skimmer cover B part, so that the air suction opening and the dust removal air pipe are prevented from being exposed outside, the safety is high, the appearance is attractive, and the smoke dust collecting effect is better; smoke baffles are arranged at the middle end and the tail end of the iron slag channel to prevent smoke generated in the flowing process of the molten iron and the iron slag from escaping from the two ends of the channel. The air suction quantity of the side suction cover of the slag iron runner is dynamically adjusted according to the working condition, so that energy conservation and emission reduction are realized.

The utility model discloses smoke control and heat extraction measure are formulated according to factory building structural feature and the smoke and dust emission characteristic of each dust point of producing to divide the accurate control in bit position to reduce mechanical ventilation volume and energy consumption, strengthen factory building ventilation heat extraction, improve cast house smoke and dust entrapment efficiency, improved the production operation environment.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of a large and medium-sized blast furnace cast house plant environmental control system provided by the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a main ditch top suction cover and a double-channel pipeline system above the main ditch top suction cover of the environmental control system of a large and medium-sized blast furnace cast house plant provided by the utility model;

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a skimmer cover of an environmental control system of a large and medium blast furnace cast house plant provided by the utility model;

FIG. 4 is a smoke baffle structure diagram of the environmental control system of the large and medium blast furnace cast house;

FIG. 5 is a structural view of a swing spout side suction hood of an environmental control system of a large and medium blast furnace cast house plant provided by the utility model.

Description of reference numerals:

1-blast furnace, 2-bottom air intake door and window, 3-factory roof, 4-roof vent, 5-taphole, 6-main channel, 7-iron channel, 8-scrap channel, 9-slag channel, 10-iron notch side draft hood, 11-main channel top draft hood, 12-skimmer hood, 13-smoke damper, 14-iron channel side draft hood, 15-scrap channel side draft hood, 16-slag channel side draft hood, 17-tuyere platform, 18-two-way piping system, 19-electric valve, 20-oscillating spout, 21-oscillating spout side draft hood, 11-1-wing plate, 11-2-front side extension hood, 11-3-side baffle, 11-4-top draft hood fire damper, 12-1-skimmer hood A, 12-2-skimmer hood B, 12-3-skimmer suction opening, 13-1-trapezoidal opening, and 13-2-refractory sinter charge.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Referring to the attached drawings 1-5, the utility model provides a large and medium-sized blast furnace cast house factory building environmental control system, including blast furnace 1, factory building, main ditch 6, iron runner 7, incomplete iron runner 8, slag runner 9 and swing runner 20, factory building structure ventilation heat extraction system and factory building accuse cigarette dust pelletizing system, two system non-contact settings, factory building structure ventilation heat extraction system and/or factory building accuse cigarette dust pelletizing system coordinate the operation or stop according to the different heat sources of factory building and/or smoke and dust source type, factory building accuse cigarette dust pelletizing system has a plurality of submodule pieces, and different submodule pieces set up and alone or combination control according to the smoke and dust source classification.

The totally closed setting of factory building, factory building have factory building top 3 and four sides of factory building, the cross-section of factory building top 3 is triangle-shaped, and two 4 left and right symmetries of roof vent set up on factory building top 3, bottom air inlet door and window 2 set up in four sides of factory building bottom, through mechanical ventilation in the factory building air flow with higher speed and heat extraction, improve the factory building thermal environment, the partial secondary smoke and dust of entrapment simultaneously, roof vent 4 reaches the optimal energy-conserving effect according to dust removal operating mode and external environment variation dynamic adjustment amount of wind when guaranteeing factory building ventilation heat transfer.

The factory building structure ventilation and heat extraction system and the factory building smoke control and dust removal system are independently controlled and coordinated with each other, so that the mechanical ventilation volume of the factory building can be reduced, the ventilation and heat extraction and smoke control and dust removal effects are enhanced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction of the ventilation and dust removal of the blast furnace cast house are realized.

Factory building structure ventilation heat extraction system includes bottom air inlet door and window 2 and roof vent 4, roof vent 4 initiatively airs exhaust, bottom air inlet door and window 2 is passive or initiative air inlet, bottom air inlet door and window 2 and/or roof vent 4 change the dynamic adjustment amount of wind according to dust removal operating mode and external environment.

The number of roof vents 4 is two and,bilateral symmetry sets up on factory building roof 3, bottom air inlet door and window 2 sets up in four sides of factory building bottom, the amount of wind of two roof vents 4 is 10 ~ 20 ten thousand meters ³ H, both roof vents 4 are controlled separately.

The air volume of the two roof vents 4 is 10-20 km ³ And h, the two roof vents 4 are controlled independently, the air quantity is dynamically adjusted according to the dust removal working condition and the external environment change, and the optimal energy-saving effect is achieved while the ventilation and heat exchange of the factory building are ensured.

Blast furnace 1 sets up at the factory building center, and the blast furnace sets up 2-4 tapholes 5, and taphole 5 connects main runner 6, and 6 bypasses of 5 main runners of every taphole connect gradually along the tapping direction and set up slag runner 9, iron runner 7, incomplete iron runner 8, slag runner 9 passes through the skimmer cover 12 with main runner 6 and is connected, swing stem bar 20 is connected to 8 exit ends of iron runner 7, incomplete iron runner, the accuse smoke volume that every taphole corresponds matches with the dust removal amount of wind. Cover plates are arranged above the slag runner 9, the iron runner 7 and the residual iron runner 8 to prevent high-temperature smoke from overflowing.

The submodule of the factory building smoke control dust removal system is an iron notch side suction cover 10, a main channel top suction cover 11, a skimmer cover 12, a smoke baffle 13, an iron channel side suction cover 14, a residual iron channel side suction cover 15, a slag channel side suction cover 16 and a swing spout side suction cover 21, the left side and the right side of the iron notch 5 are provided with the iron notch side suction cover 10, the main channel top suction cover 11 is arranged above the main channel, the middle ends and the tail ends of the iron channel 7, the residual iron channel 8 and the slag channel 9 are respectively provided with the smoke baffle 13, the side wall of the channel divided by the smoke baffle 13 is provided with the iron channel side suction cover 14, the residual iron channel side suction cover 15 and the slag channel side suction cover 16, and the swing spout 20 is provided with the swing spout side suction cover 21 along the flowing direction of molten iron.

The high-temperature smoke dust collected by the main channel top suction hood 11 firstly upwards enters the main pipe, then enters the two parallel branch pipes after the direction is changed by a 90-degree bent pipe, the air quantity of the double-way pipeline system 18 can be accurately adjusted through the electric valve 19, the air suction quantity of each main channel top suction hood 11 can be reasonably distributed when the tapping hole 5 is switched, and the smoke dust overflow in the last stage of tapping is effectively controlled.

The taphole side suction covers 10 are symmetrically arranged in the direction vertical to the main channel 6, and the air volume of a single side suction cover is 3-10 m ³ H, the height is 0.5-1.5m above the tapping hole,for directly trapping a large amount of smoke generated from the tap hole 5.

The main ditch top suction hood 11 is provided with a dust hood main body, wing plates 11-1, a front side extension hood 11-2, side baffles 11-3 and fire baffles 11-4, the wing plates 11-1 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the dust hood main body in parallel with the ground, the front side extension hood 11-2 is arranged along the main ditch 6 and covers the main ditch 6 in length, the front end of the front side extension hood 11-2 is provided with the top suction hood fire baffles 11-4, the fire baffles 11-4 vertically extend downwards to the ground, the edges of the wing plates 11-1 are provided with the side baffles 11-3 vertical to the ground, and the tail part of the main ditch top suction hood 11 is connected with the edge of the air port platform 17.

The width of the wing plate is 2-4m, the height of the side baffle plate 11-3 is 0.8-1.2m, the suction range of the main ditch top suction hood 11 is prevented from expanding outwards like an umbrella, and the fire baffle plate 11-4 controls molten iron splashing generated during tapping.

The upper part of the main ditch top suction cover 11 is connected with a two-way pipeline system 18, the two-way pipeline system 18 is provided with a vertical main pipe, two parallel branch pipes and a bent pipe for connecting the main pipe and the branch pipes, the branch pipes are provided with electric valves 19, and the electric valves 19 are adjusted simultaneously or independently according to different tapping periods.

The skimmer cover 12 is arranged right above the skimmer and connected with the main ditch top suction cover fire baffle plate 11-4, and the skimmer cover 12 is T-shaped.

Wherein the skimmer cover A12-1 extends along the main channel direction to cover the whole of the lower skimmer, the skimmer cover B12-2 is arranged along the direction opposite to the iron channel and has a length smaller than that of the skimmer cover A12-1, and a skimmer air suction opening 12-3 is arranged below the tail of the skimmer cover B12-2; the skimmer cover 12 is used for collecting smoke dust in the skimmer cover, and the air suction amount is 5-10 ten thousand m ³ /h。

The smoke baffle 13 prevents the smoke generated by the molten iron and the iron slag in the flowing process from escaping from two ends of the channel, the smoke baffle 13 is made of a steel plate, the shape of the smoke baffle 13 is fitted with the channel, a trapezoidal opening 13-1 is reserved at the lower part of the smoke baffle, and light refractory sintering materials 13-2 are added at two sides of the lower part of the smoke baffle.

The trapezoidal opening 13-1 of the smoke baffle 13 is convenient for molten iron and iron slag to flow through, and the light fire-resistant injection material 13-2 protects the smoke baffle and simultaneously plays a role in supporting the smoke baffle to be vertically arranged in the channel.

The iron runner side suction cover 14, the residual iron runner side suction cover 15 and the slag runner side suction cover 16 are arranged on the middle upper part of the side wall of the channel in a segmented and independent control mode, and the opening and closing and the air quantity of the iron runner side suction cover are dynamically adjusted according to working conditions.

The iron runner side suction hood 14, the residual iron runner side suction hood 15 and the slag runner side suction hood 16 are used for collecting smoke dust generated in molten iron and iron slag flowing, the smoke dust is prevented from overflowing from a gap of a cover plate on the upper portion of a channel to pollute the environment of a factory building, the iron runner side suction hood 14, the residual iron runner side suction hood 15 and the slag runner side suction hood 16 are independently controlled, and the air volume is 5-10 ten-thousand-meter ³ And h, opening and closing and air quantity are dynamically adjusted according to working conditions, so that energy conservation and emission reduction are realized to the maximum extent.

The number of the swing spout side suction covers 21 is 3, the swing spout side suction cover in the middle is normally open, and the side suction covers on the two sides are regulated and controlled to be opened and closed according to working conditions.

The air quantity of the swing spout side suction cover 21 is 5-10 km ³ The swing lip side suction caps 21 at the center are used to collect dust generated when molten iron falls from the iron runner 7 into the swing lip 20, and the swing lip side suction caps 21 at both sides are used to collect dust generated when molten iron is poured into the molten iron tank.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a large and medium-sized blast furnace casting house factory building environmental control system, includes blast furnace (1), factory building, main ditch (6), iron runner (7), incomplete iron runner (8), slag runner (9) and swing stem bar (20), factory building structure ventilation heat extraction system and factory building accuse cigarette dust pelletizing system, its characterized in that, two system non-contact settings, factory building structure ventilation heat extraction system and/or factory building accuse cigarette dust pelletizing system coordinate the operation or stop according to the different heat sources of factory building and/or smoke and dust source type, factory building accuse cigarette dust pelletizing system has a plurality of submodule pieces, and different submodule pieces set up according to the classification of smoke and dust source and alone or combination control.

2. The environmental control system for the large and medium-sized blast furnace cast house plant according to claim 1, wherein the blast furnace (1) is arranged in the center of the plant, the blast furnace is provided with 2-4 tapholes (5), the tapholes (5) are connected with the main runner (6), each main runner (6) bypass of the taphole (5) is sequentially connected with a slag runner (9), an iron runner (7) and a residual iron runner (8) along the tapping direction, the slag runner (9) is connected with the main runner (6) through a skimmer cover (12), the outlet ends of the iron runner (7) and the residual iron runner (8) are connected with the swing spout (20), and the smoke control amount corresponding to each taphole is matched with the dust removal air amount.

3. The large and medium-sized blast furnace cast house plant environment control system according to claim 2, wherein the plant structure ventilation and heat extraction system comprises a bottom air inlet door and window (2) and a roof vent (4), the roof vent (4) actively exhausts air, the bottom air inlet door and window (2) passively or actively feeds air, and the bottom air inlet door and window (2) and/or the roof vent (4) dynamically adjust air volume according to dust removal conditions and external environment changes.

4. The environment control system for the large and medium-sized blast furnace cast house plant according to claim 3, wherein the number of the roof vents (4) is two, the roof vents are symmetrically arranged on the roof (3), and the bottom air inlet doors and windows (2) are arranged on four sides of the plantThe air volume of the two roof vents (4) is 10-20 ten thousand meters ³ H, both roof vents (4) are controlled separately.

5. The environmental control system for the large and medium sized blast furnace cast house plant according to claim 2, the submodule of the factory building smoke control and dust removal system is an iron notch side suction cover (10), a main channel top suction cover (11), a skimmer cover (12), a smoke baffle plate (13), an iron channel side suction cover (14), a residual iron channel side suction cover (15), a slag channel side suction cover (16) and a swing flow nozzle side suction cover (21), the left side and the right side of the taphole (5) are provided with taphole side suction covers (10), a main ditch top suction cover (11) is arranged above the main ditch, the middle end and the tail end of the iron runner (7), the residual iron runner (8) and the slag runner (9) are respectively provided with a smoke baffle plate (13), an iron runner side suction cover (14), a residual iron runner side suction cover (15) and a slag runner side suction cover (16) are arranged on the side wall of a channel divided by the smoke baffle plate (13), the swing spout (20) is provided with a swing spout side suction cover (21) along the flowing direction of molten iron.

6. The environmental control system for factory buildings of large and medium-sized blast furnaces according to claim 5, which is characterized in that, the main ditch top suction hood (11) is provided with a dust hood main body, wing plates (11-1), front side extension hoods (11-2), side baffles (11-3) and fire baffles (11-4), wherein the wing plates (11-1) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the dust hood main body in parallel to the ground, the front side extension hoods (11-2) are arranged along the direction of a main ditch (6) and cover the main ditch (6) in length, the front ends of the front side extension hoods (11-2) are provided with the top suction hood fire baffles (11-4), the fire baffles (11-4) vertically extend downwards to the ground, the edges of the wing plates (11-1) are provided with the side baffles (11-3) perpendicular to the ground, and the tail of the main ditch top suction hood (11) is connected with the edges of a tuyere platform (17).

7. The environmental control system for the large and medium blast furnace cast house according to claim 6, wherein a double-channel pipeline system (18) is connected above the main trench top suction hood (11), the double-channel pipeline system (18) comprises a vertical main pipe, two parallel branch pipes and a bent pipe for connecting the main pipe and the branch pipes, electric valves (19) are arranged on the branch pipes, and the electric valves (19) are adjusted simultaneously or individually according to different casting periods.

8. The large and medium-sized blast furnace cast house plant environment control system according to claim 5, wherein the skimmer cover (12) is arranged right above the skimmer and connected with a main channel top suction cover fire baffle plate (11-4), the skimmer cover (12) is T-shaped, wherein the skimmer cover A (12-1) extends along the main channel direction to cover the whole part of the lower skimmer, the skimmer cover B (12-2) is arranged along the direction opposite to the iron channel and has a length smaller than that of the skimmer cover A (12-1), and a skimmer air suction opening (12-3) is arranged below the tail part of the skimmer cover B (12-2).

9. The environmental control system for the large and medium blast furnace cast house factory building according to claim 5, wherein the smoke baffle (13) prevents the flue gas generated in the flowing process of molten iron and iron slag from escaping from two ends of the channel, the smoke baffle (13) is made of steel plate, the shape of the smoke baffle is fitted with the channel, a trapezoidal opening (13-1) is reserved at the lower part of the smoke baffle, and light refractory burning materials (13-2) are added at two sides of the lower part of the smoke baffle.

10. The environmental control system for the large and medium blast furnace cast house factory building according to claim 5, wherein the iron runner side suction hood (14), the residual iron runner side suction hood (15) and the slag runner side suction hood (16) are separately controlled in a segmented manner and are arranged at the middle upper part of the side wall of the channel, the opening and closing and the air quantity of the system are dynamically adjusted according to working conditions, the number of the swing spout side suction hoods (21) is 3, the middle swing spout side suction hood is normally opened, and the side suction hoods at the two sides are adjusted and controlled to be opened and closed according to the working conditions.

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