CN217338536U - Multifunctional eye parameter measuring equipment and refraction measuring system - Google Patents
Multifunctional eye parameter measuring equipment and refraction measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217338536U CN217338536U CN202220324705.9U CN202220324705U CN217338536U CN 217338536 U CN217338536 U CN 217338536U CN 202220324705 U CN202220324705 U CN 202220324705U CN 217338536 U CN217338536 U CN 217338536U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multi-functional eye parameter measurement equipment, its characterized in that: the device comprises an axial length measuring system and a bending measuring system, or comprises an axial length measuring system and a corneal base profile measuring system, or comprises an axial length measuring system, a refraction measuring system and a corneal base profile measuring system; the refraction measuring system comprises a measuring light reflector, a wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector, a refraction LED light source, a refraction reflector, a front group of collimating lenses, a rear group of collimating lenses, a fly-eye lens, a refraction image collecting device and an LED lamp for calibration. The utility model discloses with multiple ophthalmology parameter measurement system organic integration on an equipment, and eliminated the error that the switching brought, realize a tractor serves several purposes, the fully provided demand in ophthalmology market.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an ophthalmology equipment, in particular to multi-functional eye parameter measurement equipment and refraction measurement system.
Background
In general, most of the ophthalmic devices commonly available on the market measure a certain class of parameters, such as:
the eye axis length measuring instrument is usually used for measuring the thickness of each layer of an eyeball from a cornea to an eyeground, assisting in measuring the corneal curvature and the pupil size, even scanning and measuring the eyeball to establish a three-dimensional model thereof, and obtaining a complete eyeball data simulation structure. The refraction measuring instrument can only measure the diopter of human eyes. A keratogram can only measure the corneal topography. There is currently no device that organically integrates several functions.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the prior art problem, the utility model provides a multi-functional eye parameter measurement equipment can be integrated in a equipment with the measurement of multiple eye parameter. The utility model also provides a refraction measurement system.
In order to realize the first purpose, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:
a multifunctional eye parameter measuring apparatus characterized by: the device comprises an axial length measuring system and a bending measuring system, or comprises an axial length measuring system and a corneal base profile measuring system, or comprises an axial length measuring system, a refraction measuring system and a corneal base profile measuring system;
the eye axis length measuring system comprises an SLD light source, a sample arm, a reference arm, a coupler and a photoelectric sensor,
the coupler is used for dividing light generated by the SLD light source into two paths, respectively processing the two paths in the reference arm and the sample arm, and outputting reflected light returned by the original paths of the reference arm and the sample arm to the photoelectric sensor after optical modulation;
the sample arm comprises a first collimating mirror and a low-pass reflector, the first collimating mirror is used for collimating light from the coupler into collimated light, and the collimated light enters the fundus after being reflected by the low-pass reflector.
The refraction measuring system comprises a measuring light reflector, a wedge-shaped semi-permeable reflector, a refraction LED light source, a refraction light reflector, a front group of collimating lenses, a rear group of collimating lenses, a compound eye lens and a refraction image collecting device, wherein the measuring light reflector can move to a position between a first collimating lens and a low-pass reflector of a sample arm through a switching mechanism, the refraction LED light source is positioned on the back surface of the wedge-shaped semi-permeable reflector, light rays emitted by the refraction LED light source penetrate through the wedge-shaped semi-permeable reflector and then irradiate on the measuring light reflector, the light rays enter into the eye fundus after being reflected by the measuring light reflector and the low-pass reflector, and eye fundus reflected light enters the front group of collimating lenses, the rear group of collimating lenses and the compound eye lens after being reflected by the low-pass reflector, the measuring light reflector, the wedge-shaped semi-permeable reflector and the refraction reflector in sequence and then enters the refraction image collecting device.
The utility model discloses a distance of this piece in each surface of eyeball is measured to OCT optics principle. The light emitted by the SLD light source enters the sample arm through the coupler and is collimated into collimated light through the collimating mirror. Then enters the eyes after being reflected by a low-pass reflector. The light is reflected back on each surface up into the coupler. The light emitted by the light source SLD passes through the coupler, the other part of the light enters the reference arm, the light of the reference arm returns to the coupler after being reflected by the reflector on the reference arm, and the two paths of light are output from the output end in the coupler and reach the photoelectric sensor. The signals are processed to obtain the information of the light of the sample arm collected on each surface of the eye, namely the thickness of each surface, namely the principle of measuring the axial length of the eye.
A measuring light reflector, which is switchable. That is, when the measurement of the eye axis length is performed, it is switched away from the measurement optical path not inside the eye axis length. That is, when measuring the eye axis length, the light for measuring diopter does not need to be emitted into the eye without the diopter measuring function, and therefore, a switching mechanism is designed to switch the measuring light reflecting mirror away. The switching mechanism can be a screw rod and nut mechanism controlled by a motor, or other mechanisms such as a cylinder telescopic mechanism as long as the measuring light reflector can leave and enter.
Correspondingly, when diopter needs to be measured, the measuring light reflector is cut into the light path, and the measuring light reflector only reflects light and cannot transmit light, so that when the measuring light reflector enters the light path, light for measuring the axial length of the eye cannot be emitted into the eye. At this time, only light for measuring refraction is in operation.
When the measuring light reflector is switched every time, due to the movement switching structure, it is difficult to ensure that no reflection angle error occurs after each switching and entering the light path, and the slight error directly causes the reflected light to deflect along with the long light path after entering the refraction image acquisition device. To counteract this deflection error, we have designed a calibration optical path:
the LED light for calibration emitted by the calibration LED lamp is collimated light, is projected through the low-pass reflector, reflected by the measuring light reflector, reflected by the wedge-shaped half-mirror and enters the light path until a relatively thin point image is formed on the refraction image acquisition device. Since the measuring mirror is movable, a slight error angle is possible each time, and the position of the reflected light on the dioptric image acquisition device has a corresponding slight change, which is assumed to be a quantity: deltaxy. We consider this deltaxy to be an error in the machine itself. Therefore, at the time of sampling for a particular measurement, this detaxy is subtracted and the point at which the central axis of the eye surface reflected light is located is determined. In this way, measurement errors due to switching errors can be avoided.
The wedge-shaped half-mirror is designed into a wedge-shaped angle according to the characteristics of an optical path. Rather than a standard sheet of glass with two parallel sides, the two surfaces (two reflective sides, i.e., the sides closer to the dioptric LED light source and the sides further from the dioptric LED light source) are angled. The purpose of design like this is after letting near-infrared light pass through it and transmit to the intraocular, the light that reflects back from the intraocular, when passing through this part that has the glass material of 2 surfaces again, 2 faces all reflect light entering light path can not take place, cause the image of coincidence, the contained angle of wedge shape transflective mirror is used for avoiding two parallel plane reflected light to transmit toward one direction promptly, so design has the wedge, make 2 faces reflected light no longer parallel, like this, just avoided the ghost image on the image plane.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the system for measuring the corneal fundus oculi figure comprises a Placido disc surface, an imaging mirror group and a corneal fundus oculi figure collecting device, wherein a central hole is formed in the center of the Placido disc surface, a plurality of rings of light rings are arranged on the Placido disc surface, light emitted by the light rings of the Placido disc surface irradiates the fundus oculi, enters the low-pass reflector after being reflected, and light passing through the low-pass reflector enters the imaging mirror group and then enters the corneal fundus oculi figure collecting device.
The Placido plate surface is provided with a hole at the center for light and lenses to penetrate.
Measurements of corneal curvature and corneal topography can be achieved. The schematic diagram of measuring the corneal curvature is shown in fig. 2, and a halo (object point) of a point A on the Placido disc surface irradiates on the cornea, is reflected by the cornea and then is imaged on a corneal fundus graph acquisition device through an optical system. According to the image point distribution on the cornea fundus graph acquisition device, the curvature of the cornea and other characteristics can be calculated.
The corneal fundus graph is measured as shown in fig. 4, and a plurality of circles of lighted standard apertures, a, B,. are imaged on a corneal fundus graph acquisition device after passing through an optical system of the map, and the A, B,. correspond to the A', B.
After the cornea fundus graph acquisition device collects the plurality of circles of annular images, the standard cornea curvature data are compared, and the actually measured cornea surface data can be obtained through comparison. This calculation method is prior art.
In the above scheme, the first large objective lens of the imaging lens group is located in the central hole of the Placido plate surface. The structure design has the advantages that the imaging optical system is not placed behind the Placido disc surface, the functions are realized, the structure is compact, and the corneal topography measurement and the corneal curvature measurement can be taken into consideration.
The utility model discloses a Placido quotation design has following benefit on eye axle length measurement system's the main beam axis:
when measuring the corneal fundus image, the position of the patient (i.e. the eye to be measured) needs to be exactly the same as the machine placement position, which is called "alignment". In the prior art, a light emitting device and a receiving device are additionally arranged on the left side and the right side of a machine, and whether the alignment is ideal or not is judged by sensing the position of corneal reflection light. And the utility model discloses with Placido quotation design on eye axle length measurement system's main optical axis, both can realize cornea curvature radius's measurement, simultaneously, in eye axle length measurement, realized counterpointing, and counterpoint the accuracy. That is to say, when the measurement is performed by using the OCT light (the above-mentioned eye axis length measurement function), the light incident on the eye surface and coinciding with the central optical axis is used to measure the interference signals on each surface of the eye until the parameters of the eye can be measured, and on the premise of accuracy that the alignment is already performed when the eye axis length is measured and the alignment is required to be very accurate when the eye axis length is measured, which is far more reliable than the conventional method that only the reflected light from the eye surface is used as the basis for determining the alignment! And is more accurate.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the positions of the refraction LED light sources meet the condition that light rays reflected from the ocular surface deviate from a vertical axis in the center of the ocular surface, and the light reflected by the ocular surface does not enter the refraction image acquisition device.
Preferably, the light reflected from the ocular surface is angularly displaced from a vertical axis at the center of the ocular surface by an angle of 0 ° -3 ° -degrees
The position of the refractive LED light source is adjusted to enable the light rays reflected from the ocular surface to deviate from a vertical axis in the center of the ocular surface, and the light reflected by the ocular surface does not enter the refractive image acquisition device. Namely, the incident angle is slightly adjusted, so that when the near-infrared measuring working light rays irradiate to the ocular surface, the reflected light rays form a small included angle with a vertical axis in the center of the ocular surface before entering the refraction image acquisition device, and when the ocular surface reflects the light rays, the reflected light rays form a small axial deviation angle, so that the reflected light rays deviate from the image surface and are not incident to generate stray light.
Preferably, the following components: the included angle of the two reflecting surfaces of the wedge-shaped semi-permeable reflector is 1-5 degrees.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the refractive image acquisition device and the cornea fundus image acquisition device are both CCDs.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the reference arm comprises a second collimating mirror, two pyramid prisms and a reflector, light rays coming out of the coupler are collimated into collimated light rays through the second collimating mirror and reach the reflector after passing through the two pyramid prisms, and the light rays reflected by the reflector return to the coupler in the original path.
A refraction measuring system comprises a low-pass reflector, a measuring light reflector, a wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector, a refraction LED light source, a refraction light reflector, a front group of collimating lenses, a rear group of collimating lenses, a compound eye lens and a refraction image collecting device, wherein the refraction LED light source is positioned on the back surface of the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector, light rays emitted by the refraction LED light source penetrate through the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector and then irradiate the measuring light reflector, the measuring light reflector and the low-pass reflector reflect light to enter the eye ground, and the eye ground reflected light enters the front group of collimating lenses, the rear group of collimating lenses and the compound eye lens to enter the refraction image collecting device after being reflected by the low-pass reflector, the measuring light reflector, the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector and the refraction reflector in sequence.
Has the advantages that: the utility model discloses with multiple ophthalmology parameter measurement system organic integration on an equipment, and eliminated the error that the switching brought, realize a tractor serves several purposes, the fully provided demand in ophthalmology market.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the optical structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of corneal radius of curvature measurement.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a corneal base topography measurement system.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional alignment method.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, the multifunctional eye parameter measuring device of the present invention comprises an axial length measuring system, a refractive measuring system and a corneal base profile measuring system for measuring a corneal base profile.
Of course, in actual use, only the combination of the eye axis length measuring system and the dioptric optical measuring system, or the combination of the eye axis length measuring system and the corneal base pattern measuring system may be selected.
The eye axis length measuring system comprises an SLD light source 1, a sample arm, a reference arm, a coupler 2, and a photosensor 3.
The coupler 2 is used for dividing the light generated by the SLD light source 1 into two paths, processing the two paths in the reference arm and the sample arm respectively, and outputting the reflected light returned by the original paths of the reference arm and the sample arm to the photoelectric sensor 3 after optical modulation.
The sample arm comprises a first collimating mirror 4 and a low-pass reflector 5, the first collimating mirror 4 is used for collimating the light from the coupler 2 into collimated light, and the collimated light enters the fundus after being reflected by the low-pass reflector 5.
The reference arm comprises a second collimating mirror 6, two pyramid prisms 7 and a reflector 8, light rays coming out of the coupler 2 are collimated into collimated light rays through the second collimating mirror 6, then reach the reflector 8 after passing through the two pyramid prisms 7, and return to the coupler 3 in the original path after being reflected by the reflector 8.
The refraction measuring system comprises a measuring light reflector 9, a wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector 10, a refraction LED light source 11, a refraction reflector 12, a front group of collimating lenses 13, a rear group of collimating lenses 14, a fly eye lens 15, a refraction image acquisition device 16 (a CCD can be selected) and an LED lamp 17 for calibration, wherein the measuring light reflector 9 can move to a position between a first collimating lens 4 and a low-pass reflector 5 of a sample arm through a switching mechanism, namely, when the measurement of the axial length of an eye is realized, the measuring light reflector is switched to leave and is not positioned in an axial length measuring light path of the eye. When the length of the eye axis is measured, the light with the diopter measurement is not required to be emitted into the eye without the diopter measurement function, so that the switching mechanism is designed, and the measuring light reflecting mirror is switched away. The switching mechanism can be a screw rod and nut mechanism controlled by a motor, or other mechanisms such as a cylinder telescopic mechanism as long as the measuring light reflector can leave and enter.
Correspondingly, when diopter needs to be measured, the measuring light reflector 9 is cut into the light path, and the measuring light reflector 9 can only reflect light rays and can not transmit light rays, so that when the measuring light reflector 9 enters the light path, light for measuring the axial length of the eye can not be emitted into the eye any more. At this time, only light for measuring refraction is in operation.
The included angle of the two reflecting surfaces of the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector 10 is 1-5 degrees, namely the included angle between the surface close to the refraction LED light source 11 and the surface far away from the refraction LED light source 11 in the figure is 1-5 degrees. The refraction LED light source 11 is positioned on the back of the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector 10, light rays emitted by the refraction LED light source 11 penetrate through the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector 10 and then irradiate the measurement light reflector 9, the light rays are reflected by the measurement light reflector 9 and the low-pass reflector 5 and then enter the fundus, and fundus reflection light enters the refraction image acquisition device 16 after being reflected by the low-pass reflector 5, the measurement light reflector 9, the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector 10 and the refraction light reflector 12 in sequence and then entering the front group of collimating mirrors 13, the rear group of collimating mirrors 14 and the compound eye lens 15. The refractive LED light source 11 is positioned such that light reflected from the ocular surface is off-set from the vertical axis at the center of the ocular surface such that light reflected from the ocular surface does not enter the refractive image capture device 16. Preferably, the light rays reflected from the ocular surface deviate from the vertical axis at the center of the ocular surface by an angle of 0 to 3.
Since the measuring light reflector 9 is switched in and is a moving switching structure, it is difficult to ensure that there is no reflection angle error at all after each switching into the light path, and this slight error directly causes the reflected light to deflect with the long light path after entering the CCD. In order to counteract the deflection error, a calibration light path is designed, a calibration LED lamp 17 is positioned above the back surface of the low-pass reflector 5, and light rays of the calibration LED lamp 17 penetrate through the low-pass reflector 5, are reflected by the measuring light reflector 9, the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector 10 and the folding light reflector 12, then enter the front group of collimating lenses 13, the rear group of collimating lenses 14 and the compound eye lens 15, and then enter the image acquisition device 16. A relatively thin point image is formed on the refraction image acquisition device. Since the measuring mirror is movable, a slight error angle is possible each time, and the position of the reflected light on the dioptric image acquisition device has a corresponding slight change, which is assumed to be a quantity: deltaxy. We consider this deltaxy to be an error in the machine itself. Therefore, at the time of sampling for a particular measurement, this detaxy is subtracted and the point at which the central axis of the eye surface reflected light is located is determined. In this way, measurement errors due to switching errors can be avoided.
The corneal fundus figure measuring system comprises a Placido disc surface 18, an imaging mirror group 19 and a corneal fundus figure collecting device (CCD can be selected for use) 20, a central hole is formed in the center of the Placido disc surface 18, a plurality of circles of light rings are arranged on the Placido disc surface 18 from outside to inside, the structure of the Placido disc surface 18 is the prior art, light emitted by the light rings of the Placido disc surface irradiates the fundus and enters the low-pass reflector 5 after being reflected, and light passing through the low-pass reflector 5 enters the imaging mirror group 19 and then enters the corneal fundus figure collecting device 20. The first large objective of the imaging optics 19 is located in the central hole of Placido plate surface 18.
Fig. 1-2 are schematic diagrams of corneal curvature measurement: point a on the Placido disc surface represents a circle of light rings (object points), which irradiate onto the cornea, are reflected by the cornea and then are imaged on the cornea fundus graph acquisition device 20 through an optical system. According to the image point distribution on the cornea fundus graph acquisition device 20, the curvature of the cornea and other characteristics can be calculated.
In FIG. 2, when b > r, it can be seen that:
as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of rings of illuminated standard apertures, a, B,. on the Placido disc surface are imaged on the corneal fundus graph acquisition device after passing through the optical system of the upper image, and a, B,. corresponds to a', B.
After the cornea fundus graph acquisition device collects the plurality of circles of annular images, the standard cornea curvature data are compared, and the actually measured cornea surface data can be obtained through comparison. This calculation method is prior art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents, as used in the actual practice.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-functional eye parameter measurement device, characterized by: the device comprises an axial length measuring system and a bending measuring system, or comprises an axial length measuring system and a corneal base profile measuring system, or comprises an axial length measuring system, a refraction measuring system and a corneal base profile measuring system;
the eye axis length measuring system comprises an SLD light source, a sample arm, a reference arm, a coupler and a photoelectric sensor,
the coupler is used for dividing light generated by the SLD light source into two paths, processing the two paths in the reference arm and the sample arm respectively, and outputting reflected light returned by the original paths of the reference arm and the sample arm to the photoelectric sensor after optical modulation;
the sample arm comprises a first collimating mirror and a low-pass reflector, the first collimating mirror is used for collimating light from the coupler into collimated light, and the collimated light enters the fundus after being reflected by the low-pass reflector.
2. The multifunctional eye parameter measuring apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the refraction measuring system comprises a measuring light reflector, a wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector, a refraction LED light source, a refraction light reflector, a front group of collimating lenses, a rear group of collimating lenses, a fly eye lens and a refraction image acquisition device, wherein the measuring light reflector can move to a position between the first collimating lens and the low-pass reflector of a sample arm through a switching mechanism, the refraction LED light source is positioned on the back surface of the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector, light rays emitted by the refraction LED light source penetrate through the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector and then irradiate on the measuring light reflector, the light rays enter the eye ground after being reflected by the measuring light reflector and the low-pass reflector, and the reflected light rays of the eye ground enter the front group of collimating lenses, the rear group of collimating lenses and the fly eye image acquisition device after being reflected by the low-pass reflector, the measuring light reflector, the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector and the refraction reflector in sequence.
3. The multifunctional eye parameter measuring apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the calibration LED lamp is positioned above the back surface of the low-pass reflector, and light rays of the calibration LED lamp penetrate through the low-pass reflector, are reflected by the measuring light reflector, the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector and the refraction reflector, then enter the front group of collimating lenses, the rear group of collimating lenses and the fly eye lens and then enter the image acquisition device.
4. The multifunctional eye parameter measuring apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the system for measuring the corneal fundus figure comprises a Placido disc surface, an imaging mirror group and a corneal fundus figure collecting device, wherein a central hole is formed in the center of the Placido disc surface, a plurality of circles of light rings are arranged on the Placido disc surface, light emitted by the light rings of the Placido disc surface irradiates the fundus, enters a low-pass reflector after being reflected, and light penetrating through the low-pass reflector enters the imaging mirror group and then enters the corneal fundus figure collecting device.
5. The multifunctional eye parameter measuring apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the first large objective lens of the imaging lens group is positioned in a central hole of the Placido plate surface.
6. The multifunctional eye parameter measuring apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the position of the refraction LED light source meets the condition that light rays reflected from the ocular surface deviate from a vertical axis in the center of the ocular surface, and the light reflected by the ocular surface does not enter the refraction image acquisition device.
7. The multifunctional eye parameter measuring apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the light reflected from the ocular surface is deviated from the normal axis at the center of the ocular surface by an angle of 0 deg. -3 deg..
8. The multifunctional eye parameter measuring apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the included angle of the two reflecting surfaces of the wedge-shaped semi-transparent reflector is 1-5 degrees.
9. The multifunctional eye parameter measuring apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the refractive image acquisition device and the cornea fundus image acquisition device are both CCDs.
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