CN217320494U

CN217320494U - Front wheel steering system of heavy-duty tractor

Info

Publication number: CN217320494U
Application number: CN202221012409.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘伟才
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-04-29
Filing date: 2022-04-29
Publication date: 2022-08-30
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a front wheel steering system of heavy-duty tractor relates to agricultural machine and the manufacturing and designing technical field of spare part thereof, aims at improving the convenience and the smooth degree of tractor front wheel steering system, improves its stability and life under high strength service environment. Comprises a drive axle and a steering mechanism; the drive axle comprises a drive axle shell (1), wherein a differential assembly, a left transmission shaft (2) and a right transmission shaft (3) are arranged in the drive axle shell (1); the steering mechanism comprises an inner steering knuckle shell (5), an outer steering knuckle shell (7), a steering knuckle arm (10) and an integrated tie rod (12) or a split tie rod, the utility model discloses can avoid the problem of steering bulb abrasion in the prior art, improve intensity and steering torque; the tractor steering device has the advantages of compact integral structure, simplicity and convenience in assembly and maintenance, safety and reliability in work, capability of bearing larger load and capability of effectively improving the steering reliability of the tractor.

Description

Front wheel steering system of heavy-duty tractor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an agricultural machine and the manufacturing and designing technical field of spare part thereof, concretely relates to front wheel steering system of heavy load tractor.

Background

The tractor is widely used for the loading and transportation in rural areas, suburbs, mountainous areas and hilly areas, can be used for the transportation of various cargos and the loading of agricultural crops, has high power, large loading space and strong power, and can quickly and conveniently carry out the operation of transportation machinery. The device can be suitable for operators with different degrees to operate at different positions, and can meet the operation characteristics of different plateaus, mountainous regions and the like. Tractor steering systems are specialized mechanisms used to change or maintain the direction of travel of a tractor. The tractor has the functions that the tractor can timely change the running direction according to the operation requirement of a driver in the running process, and can be matched with a running system to keep the tractor to continuously and stably run when the tractor is subjected to accidental impact transmitted from the road surface and the tractor is accidentally deviated from the running direction. Therefore, the performance of the steering system directly affects the handling stability and safety of the tractor.

The steering system of a lot of vehicle machines mostly adopts a ball head as a key part, and the structure has the advantages of smooth and flexible operation, small resistance and labor saving for users; however, the structure has fatal defects that the ventilation and heat dissipation performance is poor, and the structure is easy to generate heat, delay and even burn and damage when being used on heavy-load bearing vehicles such as tractors and the like; in addition, the bulb is after long-term use, its inside bulb can take place wearing and tearing, will cause the rotation of bulb to receive the influence like this, and frictional force grow leads to the result of use poor, influences the result of use, simultaneously, in order to prevent that the dirt proof boot from droing from the cylinder section among the prior art, often need establish the lock ring at the inside cover of dirt proof boot and support as the skeleton, lead to the assembly man-hour extension, reduce production efficiency, the dirt proof boot after the assembly also has sealed poor shortcoming of effect simultaneously. Therefore, the tractor front wheel steering system with a refined structure, convenient production and assembly and stable performance is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by the people in the industry.

Disclosure of Invention

For solving the defect that exists among the background art, the utility model discloses a front wheel steering system of heavy load tractor aims at improving the convenience of tractor front wheel steering system and in the same direction as smooth degree, improves its stability and life under high strength service environment above all.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a front wheel steering system of a heavy-duty tractor is characterized by comprising a drive axle and a steering mechanism;

the drive axle comprises a drive axle shell 1, a differential assembly, a left transmission shaft 2 and a right transmission shaft 3 are arranged in the drive axle shell 1, and flanges 4 are arranged at two end parts of the drive axle shell 1 and are fixedly connected with the end faces of the inner sides of inner steering knuckle shells 5 respectively; the inner steering knuckle shell 5 is integrally cylindrical, one end of the inner steering knuckle shell is flat, the other end of the inner steering knuckle shell is symmetrically provided with two protruding locking rings 6 along the diameter, the locking rings 6 are hinged with an outer steering knuckle shell 7 through rotating pins, the structure of the outer steering knuckle shell 7 is consistent with that of the inner steering knuckle shell 5, the outer steering knuckle shell 7 is oppositely arranged on the periphery of the inner steering knuckle shell 5 and is in a semi-surrounding state with the inner steering knuckle shell 5, the specific connecting parts of the two locking rings are the locking rings 6, and the two locking rings 6 on the same side are connected after being matched with each other; the other end of the outer knuckle housing 7 is fixed to a front wheel hub housing 8, and a circular grease seal 9 is provided on the outer side of each of the two locking rings 6 at the connection point with the inner knuckle housing 5.

The steering knuckle arms 10 are arranged on the lubricating oil seal covers 9 on the lower sides of the outer steering knuckle housings 7 at the two ends of the drive axle housing 1, penetrate through the lubricating oil seal covers 9 through fastening bolts and then are fixed with the outer edges of the locking rings 6 of the outer steering knuckle housings 7, and the steering knuckle arms 10 are connected with the tie rods through rotating pins.

In addition, two transmission shafts are arranged in the drive axle shell 1, the inner side ends of the two transmission shafts are connected with a differential assembly, the transmission shaft body penetrates through the whole drive axle shell 1 and then penetrates through a flange plate 4 at the end part of the drive axle shell 1, a universal joint is fixed at the outer side end and is oppositely connected with the universal joint which is fixed on the wheel hub 11 and has the same size, power is transmitted to the wheel hub 11 at the corresponding side, and the wheel hub 11 and the wheel hub shell 8 are mutually independent.

Preferably, the tie rod is of an integrated tie rod 12 structure, that is, the knuckle arms 10 arranged at the lower sides of the two ends of the drive axle housing 1 are connected to the two ends of the same integrated tie rod 12; wherein, the upper and lower both sides that set up steering knuckle casing 7 outside the drive axle casing 1 left end all are provided with knuckle arm 10, knuckle arm 10 and integral type tie rod 12 of downside link to each other, the edge at lubricating oil closing cap 9 is fixed to the one end of the knuckle arm 10 of upside, the other end is articulated with tie rod 13, and realize the transmission of steering force through the back-and-forth movement of tie rod 13, tie rod 13 transmits the steering force of steering engine with the upside knuckle arm 10 that links to each other with it promptly, the knuckle arm 10 of upside drives outer knuckle casing 7 and the wheel hub casing 8 rotation of left end, and then drives knuckle arm 10 of downside and rotates, transmit steering force to the right side through integral type tie rod 12 at last.

Preferably, the tie rod is of a split type tie rod structure, that is, a left tie rod 14 and a right tie rod 15 are respectively arranged at two ends of the drive axle housing 1; a steering oil tank 16 and a steering oil pump 17 are arranged on the side of the middle of the drive axle housing 1, the steering oil tank 16 is directly communicated with the steering oil pump 17, the steering oil pump 17 is respectively connected with a left hydraulic cylinder 19 and a right hydraulic cylinder 20 which are arranged on the drive axle housing 1 through two guide pipes 18, the end parts of the left hydraulic cylinder 19 and the right hydraulic cylinder 20 are respectively provided with a universal joint to be connected with a corresponding driving rod 21, and the other end of the driving rod 21 is respectively hinged with the left tie rod 14 and the right tie rod 15;

preferably, the inside at transaxle casing 1 both ends is provided with slip axle sleeve 22 respectively, and left transmission shaft 2 and right transmission shaft 3 suit are inside slip axle sleeve 22 respectively, and later link to each other with front wheel hub 11 through the universal joint, guarantee driven stability.

Has the advantages that:

the utility model adopts mechanical steering and hydraulic auxiliary steering, especially adopts heavy-load-resistant structures to connect in the steering mechanism and the transmission mechanism, avoids the abrasion of the steering ball head, and improves the strength and the steering torque; the whole structure is compact, the assembly and maintenance are simple and convenient, the work is safe and reliable, and larger load can be borne; the steering system can be widely applied to various tractor steering systems, and can effectively improve the steering reliability of the tractor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a steering system described in embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a cut-away view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the inner and outer knuckle housings.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the steering system described in embodiment 2.

In the figure, a drive axle housing 1, a left transmission shaft 2, a right transmission shaft 3, a flange plate 4, an inner knuckle housing 5, a locking ring 6, an outer knuckle housing 7, a hub housing 8, a lubricating oil seal cover 9, a knuckle arm 10, a hub 11, an integrated tie rod 12, a drag link 13, a left tie rod 14, a right tie rod 15, a steering oil tank 16, a steering oil pump 17, a conduit 18, a left hydraulic cylinder 19, a right hydraulic cylinder 20, a drive rod 21 and a sliding shaft sleeve 22.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-3, the front wheel steering system of the heavy-duty tractor according to the present embodiment includes a driving axle and a steering mechanism; the drive axle comprises a drive axle shell 1, a differential assembly, a left transmission shaft 2 and a right transmission shaft 3 are arranged in the drive axle shell 1, sliding shaft sleeves 22 are respectively arranged in the two ends of the drive axle shell 1, and the left transmission shaft 2 and the right transmission shaft 3 are respectively sleeved in the sliding shaft sleeves 22, so that the transmission stability is ensured; the two end parts of the drive axle shell 1 are respectively provided with a flange plate 4 which is fixedly connected with the end surface of the inner side of the inner steering knuckle shell 5; the inner steering knuckle shell 5 is integrally cylindrical, one end of the inner steering knuckle shell is flat, the other end of the inner steering knuckle shell is symmetrically provided with two protruding locking rings 6 along the diameter, the locking rings 6 are hinged with an outer steering knuckle shell 7 through rotating pins, the structure of the outer steering knuckle shell 7 is consistent with that of the inner steering knuckle shell 5, the outer steering knuckle shell and the inner steering knuckle shell are oppositely arranged on the periphery of the inner steering knuckle shell 5 and are in a semi-surrounding state, the specific connecting parts of the two locking rings are the locking rings 6, and the two locking rings 6 on the same side are connected after being paired; the other end of the outer knuckle housing 7 is fixed to a front wheel hub housing 8, and a circular grease seal 9 is provided on the outer side of each of the two lock rings 6 at the connection point with the inner knuckle housing 5.

The steering knuckle arms 10 are arranged on the lubricating oil seal covers 9 on the lower sides of the outer steering knuckle shells 7 at the two ends of the drive axle shell 1, penetrate through the lubricating oil seal covers 9 through fastening bolts and then are fixed with the outer edges of the locking rings 6 of the outer steering knuckle shells 7, the steering knuckle arms 10 are connected with tie rods through rotating pins, the tie rods are integrated tie rods 12, namely the steering knuckle arms 10 arranged on the lower sides of the two ends of the drive axle shell 1 are connected to the two ends of the same tie rod; wherein, the upper and lower both sides that set up outside knuckle casing 7 in transaxle casing 1 left end all are provided with knuckle arm 10, knuckle arm 10 of downside links to each other with the tie rod, the edge at lubricating oil closing cap 9 is fixed to the one end of the knuckle arm 10 of upside, the other end is articulated with drag link 13, and realize the transmission of steering force through the back-and-forth movement of drag link 13, drag link 13 transmits the steering force of steering gear to the upside knuckle arm 10 who links to each other with it promptly, the knuckle arm 10 of upside drives outer knuckle casing 7 and the wheel hub casing 8 rotation of left end, and then drives knuckle arm 10 of downside and rotates, at last through the tie rod with the steering force transmission right side.

When the steering system works, when a tractor turns to the left, a steering oil pump 17 arranged on a drive axle shell 1 starts to pump hydraulic oil in a steering oil tank 16 and compress the hydraulic oil to a right hydraulic cylinder 20 through a pipeline, the right hydraulic cylinder 20 extends out of a hydraulic rod to drive a right tie rod 15 to pull a right knuckle arm 10 to apply force to an outer knuckle shell 7 and drive the rear end of a right hub shell 8 to rotate to the right; the steering oil pump 17 extracts hydraulic oil as hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder, the left hydraulic cylinder 19 contracts a hydraulic rod to drive the left tie rod 14 to pull the left knuckle arm 10 to apply force to the outer knuckle shell 7, and the front end of the left hub shell 8 is driven to rotate left; meanwhile, a left transmission shaft 2 and a right transmission shaft 3 which are connected with the differential mechanism assembly continuously rotate, and a driving force is continuously transmitted to the two hubs 11 through a universal joint arranged in the inner steering knuckle shell 5, so that the front wheels normally rotate while steering left; when the vehicle turns right, the actions are performed in reverse, and right turning is realized.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 4, the front wheel steering system of a heavy duty tractor according to the present embodiment has a structure substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the tie rods are split type tie rods 14, namely, corresponding independent tie rods, namely a left tie rod 14 and a right tie rod 15 are respectively arranged at two ends of the drive axle shell 1; a steering oil tank 16 and a steering oil pump 17 are arranged on the rear side of the middle part of the drive axle housing 1, the steering oil tank 16 is directly communicated with the steering oil pump 17, the steering oil pump 17 is respectively connected with a left hydraulic cylinder 19 and a right hydraulic cylinder 20 which are arranged on the drive axle housing 1 through two guide pipes 18, the end parts of the left hydraulic cylinder 19 and the right hydraulic cylinder 20 are respectively provided with a universal joint to be connected with a corresponding driving rod 21, and the other end of the driving rod 21 is respectively hinged with a left transverse pull rod 14 and a right transverse pull rod 15; in addition, the inner side ends of the two transmission shafts are connected with the differential assembly, the transmission shaft body penetrates through the whole drive axle shell 1 and then penetrates through the flange plate 4 at the end part of the drive axle shell 1, a universal joint is fixed at the outer side end and is oppositely connected with the universal joint with the same size fixed on the wheel hub 11, and power is transmitted to the wheel hub 11 at the corresponding side.

When the steering system of the embodiment works, when a tractor turns left, the drag link 13 moves forwards under the driving of the steering engine, the steering force is transmitted to the knuckle arm 10 arranged at the upper side of the left end, the knuckle arm 10 drives the outer knuckle shell 7 and the hub 11 fixed with the knuckle arm to rotate left, the steering force is transmitted to the knuckle arm 10 arranged at the lower side of the left end, and then the steering force is transmitted to the right side through the cross pull rod, so that the left wheel and the right wheel synchronously turn left; when the vehicle turns right, the actions are performed in a reverse direction, so that right turning is realized; meanwhile, a left transmission shaft 2 and a right transmission shaft 3 which are connected with the differential assembly continuously rotate, and driving force is continuously transmitted to the two wheel hubs 11 through universal joints arranged in the inner steering knuckle shell 5, so that the front wheels normally rotate while steering left.

Claims

1. A front wheel steering system of a heavy-duty tractor is characterized by comprising a drive axle and a steering mechanism;

the drive axle comprises a drive axle shell (1), a differential assembly, a left transmission shaft (2) and a right transmission shaft (3) are arranged in the drive axle shell (1), and flanges (4) are arranged at two end parts of the drive axle shell (1) and are fixedly connected with the end surface of the inner side of an inner steering knuckle shell (5) respectively; the inner steering knuckle shell (5) is integrally cylindrical, one end of the inner steering knuckle shell is flat, the other end of the inner steering knuckle shell is symmetrically provided with two protruding locking rings (6) along the diameter, the locking rings (6) are hinged with the outer steering knuckle shell (7) through rotating pins, the structure of the outer steering knuckle shell (7) is consistent with that of the inner steering knuckle shell (5), the outer steering knuckle shell and the inner steering knuckle shell are oppositely arranged on the periphery of the inner steering knuckle shell (5) and are in a semi-surrounding state with the inner steering knuckle shell (5), the specific connection parts of the two are both locking rings (6), and the two locking rings (6) on the same side are connected after being matched with each other; in addition, the other end of the outer knuckle shell (7) is fixed with a front wheel hub shell (8), and the outer sides of the two locking rings (6) are respectively provided with a circular lubricating oil sealing cover (9) connected with the inner knuckle shell (5);

the steering knuckle arm structure comprises a drive axle shell (1), a lubricating oil seal cover (9) and a locking ring (6), wherein the lubricating oil seal covers (9) on the lower sides of outer steering knuckle shells (7) at two ends of the drive axle shell (1) are respectively provided with a steering knuckle arm (10), the steering knuckle arms penetrate through the lubricating oil seal covers (9) through fastening bolts and then are fixed with the outer edge of the locking ring (6) of the outer steering knuckle shells (7), and the steering knuckle arms (10) are connected with a tie rod through rotating pins;

in addition, two transmission shafts are arranged inside the drive axle shell (1), the inner side ends of the two transmission shafts are connected with the differential assembly, the transmission shaft body penetrates through the whole drive axle shell (1) and then penetrates through a flange plate (4) at the end part of the drive axle shell (1), a universal joint is fixed at the outer side end and is oppositely connected with the universal joint fixed on the wheel hub (11) and in the same size, power is transmitted to the wheel hub (11) on the corresponding side, and the wheel hub (11) and the wheel hub shell (8) are mutually independent.

2. The front wheel steering system of a heavy-duty tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the tie rod is of an integral tie rod (12) structure, that is, the knuckle arms (10) disposed under both ends of the drive axle housing (1) are connected to both ends of the same integral tie rod (12); the steering mechanism is characterized in that steering knuckle arms (10) are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of an outer steering knuckle shell (7) at the left end of a drive axle shell (1), the steering knuckle arms (10) on the lower side are connected with an integrated tie rod (12), one end of each steering knuckle arm (10) on the upper side is fixed to the edge of a lubricating oil sealing cover (9), the other end of each steering knuckle arm is hinged to a tie rod (13), and the transfer of steering force is achieved through the front and back movement of the tie rod (13), namely the steering force of a steering engine is transferred to the upper side steering knuckle arms (10) connected with the tie rod (13), the upper side steering knuckle arms (10) drive the outer steering knuckle shell (7) and a hub shell (8) at the left end to rotate, so that the lower side steering knuckle arms (10) are driven to rotate, and finally the steering force is transferred to the right side through the integrated tie rod (12).

3. The front wheel steering system of a heavy-duty tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the tie rod is a split-type tie rod structure, that is, a left tie rod (14) and a right tie rod (15) are respectively provided at both ends of the drive axle housing (1); and a steering oil tank (16) and a steering oil pump (17) are arranged on the side of the middle part of the drive axle shell (1), the steering oil tank (16) is directly communicated with the steering oil pump (17), the steering oil pump (17) is respectively connected with a left hydraulic cylinder (19) and a right hydraulic cylinder (20) which are arranged on the drive axle shell (1) through two guide pipes (18), the end parts of the left hydraulic cylinder (19) and the right hydraulic cylinder (20) are respectively provided with a universal joint to be connected with a corresponding driving rod (21), and the other end of the driving rod (21) is respectively hinged with a left transverse pull rod (14) and a right transverse pull rod (15).

4. The front wheel steering system of a heavy-duty tractor according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, inside the two ends of the said transaxle case (1), there are sliding sleeves (22), the left transmission shaft (2) and the right transmission shaft (3) are sleeved inside the sliding sleeves (22), and then connected with the front wheel hub (11) through universal joints, ensuring the stability of transmission.