CN217305393U - Novel zero value testing device based on voltage analysis - Google Patents
Novel zero value testing device based on voltage analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN217305393U CN217305393U CN202220284256.XU CN202220284256U CN217305393U CN 217305393 U CN217305393 U CN 217305393U CN 202220284256 U CN202220284256 U CN 202220284256U CN 217305393 U CN217305393 U CN 217305393U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a novel zero value test device based on voltage analysis, including the base plate, the one end fixedly connected with fixed plate of side on the base plate, the slide that other end sliding connection has, all be equipped with the guide card on fixed plate and the slide, the fixed frame of downside fixedly connected with of base plate, and the inside of fixed frame installs voltage stabilizing module and voltage reduction module respectively, but articulated on the base plate have angle regulation's telescopic link, fixedly connected with installing frame on the handle of telescopic link, and the internally mounted of installing frame has digital display voltmeter and data transmission module, still installs the commentaries on classics handle that is used for driving the slide on hand, the utility model discloses can detect the voltage of insulator to can clear and definite display numerical value, even the degradation degree of judgement insulator that the measurement personnel do not have long-time detection experience also can be accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an insulator zero-value detection technical field specifically is a novel zero-value test device based on voltage analysis.
Background
The insulator is one of the important parts of the overhead line, not only bears the mechanical load of the overhead conductor, but also bears the rated operating voltage, the impact overvoltage and the lightning overvoltage of the line, the good degree of the electromechanical performance of the insulator directly influences the safe and reliable operation of the overhead line, and after the insulator is used for a long time, part of the insulator can be degraded to a certain degree, even under the condition of zero value, so that the following consequences can be caused:
1. the electric field intensity at two ends of other insulators of the string is increased, so that the insulating property of the line in the case of operating overvoltage and lightning overvoltage is reduced;
2. the aging speed of the residual porcelain insulators can be accelerated, the service life of the intact insulators is shortened, the running life of the line is shortened, and the running reliability of the line under special meteorological conditions is reduced;
3. the zero value insulator reduces the creepage specific distance of the string of insulators, increases the possibility of insulator surface discharge in rainy days, and poses potential threat to the safe operation of the line;
therefore, the zero value test of the insulator is required to be carried out regularly, so that the low-value zero-value insulator can be found and replaced in time, to ensure the safe and stable operation of the line, currently, the zero-value detection of the insulator is carried out by using a spark gap live-line test method in the power system, the method can only judge whether the insulator is at a zero value and cannot reflect the low-value degradation degree of the insulator, and the 'spark gap live test method' judges the integrity of the insulator through the discharge sound, it is difficult for inexperienced personnel to judge the running state of the insulator through sound, and in addition, during testing, the operating personnel are positioned in the air, under the action of noise such as wind power, corona and the like, the far-side spark discharge sound is difficult to hear, the judgment of an operator is influenced, in order to solve the problem, the utility model provides a novel zero value test device based on voltage analysis.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a novel zero value testing arrangement based on voltage analysis to solve the problem of proposing among the above-mentioned background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a novel zero value testing device based on voltage analysis comprises a base plate, wherein a fixed plate is fixedly connected to one end of the upper side surface of the base plate, a sliding plate is slidably connected to the other end of the base plate, the sliding plate can be matched with the fixed plate to clamp an insulator, guide pieces are arranged on the fixed plate and the sliding plate, the guide pieces are used for acquiring surface voltage and transmitting the surface voltage to a voltage stabilizing module, a fixed frame is fixedly connected to the lower side surface of the base plate, the voltage stabilizing module and a voltage reducing module are respectively arranged in the fixed frame, an angle-adjustable telescopic rod is hinged to the base plate and can be conveniently used by a detector, the angle between the telescopic rod and the base plate can be adjusted to enable the detector to use the novel zero value testing device for detecting vertically-mounted insulators or horizontally-mounted insulators, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the handle of the telescopic rod, and a digital display type voltmeter and a data sending module are arranged in the mounting frame, when the insulator is cliied to slide and fixed plate, the electricity through the guide vane is connected the voltage that can detect the insulator both ends, and voltage is set through voltage stabilizing module, passes through the step-down module conversion again, and last numerical value can show on digital display voltmeter, still install the commentaries on classics handle that is used for driving the slide on the handle.
Preferably, the telescopic link includes handle and outer pole, a plurality of gag lever posts and outer pole sliding connection that the handle is through its fixed connection on it, the inside engagement of outer pole is connected with the solenoid, the lower extreme of solenoid cup joints in the outside of handle and through and on the medial surface fixed connection have fixed ring and handle rotate to be connected, rotate the solenoid and can control the lift of outer pole to the length of control telescopic link.
Preferably, fixed connection's otic placode is articulated each other on the upper end of outer pole and the base plate, it has the dead slot to open on the medial surface of otic placode, the tank bottom lateral wall of dead slot has the inserted block through first spring coupling, it has two slots with inserted block looks adaptation to open on the upper end side of outer pole, and the angle between two slots is 90 degrees, the outer end fixedly connected with pull rod of inserted block, and the pull rod runs through the otic placode and extend to the outside of otic placode, and whether the inside of inserting the slot can be controlled to the pulling pull rod to whether the angle between control telescopic link and the base plate is adjustable.
Preferably, the base plate is provided with a sliding chute, the sliding chute is rotatably connected with a screw rod, the lower end of the sliding plate extends into the sliding chute and is meshed with the screw rod, and the sliding of the sliding plate can be controlled by rotating the screw rod.
Preferably, a cavity is formed in the outer rod, a driving gear and a driven gear which are meshed with each other are arranged in the cavity, the driving gear and the driven gear are respectively connected with a twisting block through a connecting shaft, and one end face of the screw rod penetrates through the base plate and is provided with a groove matched with the twisting block;
the downside of driving gear has the transmission shaft through square bar sliding connection, the lower extreme of transmission shaft run through outer pole and handle in proper order and with changeing fixed connection, rotate to change and can make driving gear and driven gear rotate together to can drive the screw rod through twisting the piece and rotate.
Preferably, all open the mounting groove on the medial surface of fixed plate and slide, the tank bottom lateral wall of mounting groove has the clamp plate through second spring coupling, fixedly connected with extrusion switch on the tank bottom lateral wall of mounting groove, the setting of clamp plate is as the switch of offending, can prevent misdetection, wrong report.
Preferably, the guide sheet is made of a conductive material and is arranged in the pressing plate, and the outer side surface of the guide sheet is a convex cambered surface, so that the pressing plate can be better attached to the insulator.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the utility model discloses a change and the telescopic link between the cooperation, realized changeing the both sides that can make guide card on fixed plate and the slide stable and insulator laminate each other through rotating to acquire the voltage of insulator both sides, and can loop through voltage stabilizing module and voltage reducing module after the voltage and carry out the step-down of equal proportion, show concrete numerical value by digital display voltmeter at last, can supply the tester to observe the record, the utility model discloses can detect the voltage of insulator to can be clear and definite show numerical value, even the testing personnel do not have the degradation degree of the judgement insulator that long-time detection experience also can be accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the base plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the point A of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the screw tube and the outer rod of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the outer rod and ear plate of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the cavity of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an installation diagram of the digital display type voltmeter according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the components of the voltage detection of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the voltage stabilizing module, the voltage reducing module and the digital display voltmeter according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection between the press switch and the battery according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the base plate, 2, the fixed plate, 3, the slide, 4, fixed frame, 5, voltage stabilizing module, 6, step-down module, 7, the telescopic link, 701, the handle, 702, the outer pole, 703, the gag lever post, 704, the screwed pipe, 705, solid fixed ring, 8, the installing frame, 9, digital display voltmeter, 10, data transmission module, 11, change the handle, 12, the otic placode, 13, the dead slot, 14, first spring, 15, the inserted block, 16, the slot, 17, the pull rod, 18, the spout, 19, the screw rod, 20, the cavity, 21, the driving gear, 22, driven gear, 23, the connecting axle, 24, twist the piece, 25, the recess, 26, the square pole, 27, the transmission shaft, 28, the mounting groove, 29, the second spring, 30, the clamp plate, 31, extrusion switch, 32, the guide piece, 33, control module, 34, the audible and visual alarm module, 35, the battery, 36, the pilot lamp.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-10, the present invention provides a technical solution: a novel zero value testing device based on voltage analysis comprises a base plate 1, wherein a fixed plate 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the upper side surface of the base plate 1, a sliding plate 3 is slidably connected to the other end of the upper side surface of the base plate 1, conducting strips 32 made of conducting materials are arranged on the fixed plate 2 and the sliding plate 3, the sliding plate 3 slides on the base plate 1 and can be matched with the fixed plate 2 to clamp an insulator, a fixed frame 4 is fixedly connected to the lower side surface of the base plate 1, a voltage stabilizing module 5 and a voltage reducing module 6 are respectively installed inside the fixed frame 4, when the insulator is clamped by the sliding plate 3 and the fixed plate 2, the conducting strips 32 on the sliding plate 3 and the fixed plate 2 can be in contact with the insulator, the two conducting strips 32 are respectively and electrically connected with the voltage stabilizing module 5 through cables (not shown in the figure), when the two conducting strips 32 are in contact with the insulator, the voltage stabilizing module 5 can acquire voltage values at two ends of the insulator, the voltage is set to be a sinusoidal ac voltage, then the step-down module 6 will convert the set sinusoidal ac voltage into a standard voltage in proportion, and the schematic circuit diagram of the voltage stabilizing module 5 and the step-down module 6 for processing the high voltage is shown in fig. 9.
The base plate 1 is hinged with the telescopic rod 7 with an adjustable angle, the telescopic rod 7 can be conveniently carried by a detection person when not in use, and can also be conveniently operated by the detection person, the detection person can use the vertically-mounted insulator or the horizontally-mounted insulator by adjusting the angle between the telescopic rod 7 and the base plate 1, the handle 701 of the telescopic rod 7 is fixedly connected with the mounting frame 8, the digital display type voltmeter 9, the data sending module 10 and the power supply battery 35 are mounted in the mounting frame 8, the voltage reducing module 6 is electrically connected with the digital display type voltmeter 9 through a coiled cable (with a certain telescopic margin) (as shown in figure 1), the voltage after the voltage reducing module 6 is converted can be detected by the digital display type voltmeter 9, because the voltage reducing module 6 is proportionally converted, the detection person can know the voltage value of the insulator through the numerical value displayed by the digital display type voltmeter 9, and digital display voltmeter 9 is electrically connected with control module 33 inside installing frame 8, control module 33 can compare the voltage that digital display voltmeter 9 surveyed with the numerical value that sets for in advance, if the voltage that digital display voltmeter 9 surveyed is zero value, control module 33 can control audible and visual alarm module 34 and report to the police, thereby can remind the detection personnel, can send the data of contrasting to outside receiving terminal (for example the computer that other personnel under the tower carried, can conveniently take notes) through data transmission module 10 after control module 33 contrasts, still install the commentaries on classics handle 11 that is used for driving slide 3 on the handle 701, can control slide 3 through changeing handle 11 and slide on base plate 1, thereby can control whether slide 3 can cooperate with fixed plate 2 and clip the insulator each other.
Specifically, telescopic link 7 includes handle 701 and outer pole 702, outer pole 702 and base plate 1 interconnect, and the installing frame 8 is installed on handle 701, handle 701 is through a plurality of gag lever posts 703 and outer pole 702 sliding connection that it is fixed connection on it, and setting up of gag lever post 703 can make between outer pole 702 and the handle 701 can only slide each other, the inside meshing of outer pole 702 is connected with solenoid 704, the lower extreme of solenoid 704 cup joints in the outside of handle 701 and through and fixed ring 705 that fixed connection has on the medial surface and is connected with handle 701 rotation, opens the annular with fixed ring 705 looks adaptation on the handle 701, can control the lift of outer pole 702 through rotating solenoid 704 to control telescopic link 7's length.
Specifically, the upper end of the outer rod 702 is hinged to the ear plate 12 fixedly connected to the base plate 1, the inner side surface of the ear plate 12 is provided with an empty slot 13, the side wall of the bottom of the empty slot 13 is connected with an insert block 15 through a first spring 14, the first spring 14 pushes the insert block 15 towards the outer rod 702, the side surface of the upper end of the outer rod 702 is provided with two slots 16 matched with the insert block 15, when the insert block 15 is inserted into the slot 16, the outer rod 702 and the ear plate 12 cannot rotate mutually, the elastic force of the first spring 14 can enable the insert block 15 to be stably inserted into the slot 16 without the action of external force, the angle of the circle center between the two slots 16 is 90 degrees, the outer end of the insert block 15 is fixedly connected with a pull rod 17, the pull rod 17 penetrates through the ear plate 12 and extends to the outside of the ear plate 12, and whether the insert block 15 is inserted into the slot 16 can be controlled by pulling the pull rod 17, the angle between two slots 16 is 90 degrees, can be a straight line or make between control substrate 1 and the telescopic link 7 and keep perpendicular to can let the measurement personnel use the utility model discloses detect the insulator of vertical installation or the insulator of horizontal installation, when needing to adjust the angle between telescopic link 7 and the base plate 1, can be earlier through pulling pull rod 17, make inserted block 15 and slot 16 break away from the joint, can rotate base plate 1 this moment, with telescopic link 7 and base plate 1 between the angle modulation accomplish after loosen pull rod 17 can.
Specifically, the base plate 1 is provided with a slide groove 18, a screw rod 19 is rotatably connected to the inside of the slide groove 18, the lower end of the slide plate 3 extends into the slide groove 18 and is engaged with the screw rod 19, and the slide plate 3 can slide on the base plate 1 by rotating the screw rod 19.
Specifically, a cavity 20 is formed inside the outer rod 702, a driving gear 21 and a driven gear 22 engaged with each other are provided inside the cavity 20, the driving gear 21 and the driven gear 22 are respectively connected with a twisting block 24 through a connecting shaft 23, one end face of the screw rod 19 penetrates through the base plate 1 and is provided with a groove 25 matched with the screwing block 24, as shown in figure 6, when the base plate 1 and the outer rod 702 are perpendicular to each other, the screwing block 24 connected with the driven gear 22 can be inserted into the groove 25 (the screwing block 24 and the groove 25 are clamped together with some interval in the transverse direction, so as to avoid the phenomenon of locking during rotation), at this time, the driven gear 22 rotates to drive the screw rod 19 to rotate, when the substrate 1 and the outer rod 702 are in a straight line, the screwing block 24 connected with the driving gear 21 is inserted into the groove 25, and the driving gear 21 rotates to drive the screw rod 19 to rotate;
when the angle between the base plate 1 and the telescopic rod 7 is adjusted, the directions of the two screwing blocks 24 and the groove 25 should be adjusted in advance (as shown in fig. 6), so that the posture of the screwing block 24 is prevented from being inclined, the base plate 1 can be smoothly rotated at the moment, and the rotating angle of the driving gear 21 is the same as that of the driven gear 22 because the sizes of the driving gear 21 and the driven gear 22 are completely the same, so that the directions of the two screwing blocks 24 and the groove 25 can be smoothly adjusted to be the same;
the downside of driving gear 21 has transmission shaft 27 through square bar 26 sliding connection, and wherein driving gear 21 and square bar 26 fixed connection can make outer pole 702 rotate transmission shaft 27 and still can make driving gear 21 rotate when rising and falling through setting up of square bar 26, the lower extreme of transmission shaft 27 runs through outer pole 702 and handle 701 in proper order and with changeing 11 fixed connection, rotates to change 11 and can drive transmission shaft 27 and rotate, and transmission shaft 27 rotates and can drive driving gear 21 through square bar 27 and rotate.
In order to make the utility model discloses more accurate test gets rid of the interference, mounting groove 28 has all been opened on fixed plate 2 and slide 3's the medial surface, the tank bottom lateral wall of mounting groove 28 is connected with clamp plate 30 through second spring 29, and second spring 29 can push away clamp plate 30 to the outside of mounting groove 28, and guide vane 32 installs in clamp plate 30, fixedly connected with extrusion switch 31 on the tank bottom lateral wall of mounting groove 28, and clamp plate 30 and voltage stabilizing module 5 interconnect, extrusion switch 31 and digital display voltmeter 9, data transmission module 10, control module 33 and battery 35 series connection are connected, later when clamp plate 30 extrudes extrusion switch 31, digital display voltmeter 9, data transmission module 10, control module 33 just can start and carry out work.
Specifically, the guide vane 32 is installed in the pressing plate 30, and the outer side surface of the pressing plate 30 is a convex arc surface, and the arc surface can be better contacted with the insulator.
After the guide vane 32 contacts with the insulator, the sliding plate 3 continues to slide towards the direction of the fixing plate 2, and the sliding plate 3 stops sliding until the pressing plate 30 presses the pressing switch 31, so that the guide vane 32 can be ensured to be closely contacted with the insulator, and then misdetection can be well avoided (because if the pressing switch 31 is not arranged, the numerical value displayed by the digital display type voltmeter 9 is zero when the guide vane 32 is not contacted with the insulator, and when the insulator is zero, even if the guide vane 32 is contacted with the insulator, the numerical value displayed by the digital display type voltmeter 9 is zero, so that a detection person cannot accurately judge);
the inside of installing frame 8 still installs pilot lamp 36, and pilot lamp 36 also is connected with extrusion switch 31 electricity, and pilot lamp 36 can light when extrusion switch 31 is extruded to can let the accurate judgement extrusion switch 31 of staff have or not by the extrusion.
The digital display type voltmeter 9, the data sending module 10, the control module 33, the sound and light alarm module 34 and the indicator lamp 36 are all powered by a battery 35;
the control module 33, the sound-light alarm module 34, the battery 35 and the indicator light 36 are all arranged inside the mounting frame 8
The working principle is as follows: adjust the angle that corresponds between base plate 1 and the telescopic link 7 earlier during the use, later adjust the length of telescopic link 7, let the detection personnel can be smooth detect, then put fixed plate 2 and slide 3 respectively in the both sides of insulator, later clockwise rotation changes 11 and makes slide 3 slide to the direction of fixed plate 2, and make clamp plate 30 and the inseparable laminating of insulator, later digital display voltmeter 9 will show numerical value, data transmission module 10 will be with data transmission to external receiving terminal simultaneously, if zero value insulator appears, audible-visual alarm module 34 will report to the police this moment and remind detection personnel.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a novel zero value testing arrangement based on voltage analysis, includes base plate (1), one end fixedly connected with fixed plate (2) to the side on base plate (1), slide (3) that other end sliding connection has, all be equipped with guide card (32), its characterized in that on fixed plate (2) and slide (3): the utility model discloses a slide plate, including base plate (1), downside fixedly connected with fixes frame (4), and the inside of fixing frame (4) installs voltage stabilizing module (5) and voltage reduction module (6) respectively, it has angle regulation's telescopic link (7) to articulate on base plate (1), fixedly connected with installing frame (8) are gone up in handle (701) of telescopic link (7), and the internally mounted of installing frame (8) has digital display voltmeter (9) and data transmission module (10), still install on handle (701) and be used for driving commentaries on classics handle (11) of slide (3).
2. The novel zero-value testing device based on voltage analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the telescopic rod (7) comprises a handle (701) and an outer rod (702), the handle (701) is connected with the outer rod (702) in a sliding mode through a plurality of limiting rods (703) fixedly connected to the handle (701), the inner portion of the outer rod (702) is connected with a solenoid (704), the lower end of the solenoid (704) is sleeved on the outer portion of the handle (701) and is connected with the handle (701) in a rotating mode through a fixing ring (705) fixedly connected to the inner side face of the solenoid.
3. The novel zero-value testing device based on voltage analysis as claimed in claim 2, wherein: fixed connection's otic placode (12) are articulated each other on the upper end of outer pole (702) and base plate (1), it has dead slot (13) to open on the medial surface of otic placode (12), the tank bottom lateral wall of dead slot (13) is connected with inserted block (15) through first spring (14), it has two slots (16) with inserted block (15) looks adaptation to open on the upper end side of outer pole (702), and the angle between two slots (16) is 90 degrees, the outer end fixedly connected with pull rod (17) of inserted block (15), and pull rod (17) run through otic placode (12) and extend to the outside of otic placode (12).
4. The novel zero-value testing device based on voltage analysis as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a sliding groove (18) is formed in the base plate (1), a screw rod (19) is rotatably connected to the inside of the sliding groove (18), and the lower end of the sliding plate (3) extends to the inside of the sliding groove (18) and is connected with the screw rod (19) in a meshed mode.
5. The novel zero-value testing device based on voltage analysis as claimed in claim 4, wherein: a cavity (20) is formed in the outer rod (702), a driving gear (21) and a driven gear (22) which are meshed with each other are arranged in the cavity (20), the driving gear (21) and the driven gear (22) are respectively connected with a screwing block (24) through a connecting shaft (23), one end face of the screw rod (19) penetrates through the substrate (1) and is provided with a groove (25) matched with the screwing block (24);
the downside of driving gear (21) has transmission shaft (27) through square pole (26) sliding connection, the lower extreme of transmission shaft (27) runs through outer pole (702) and handle (701) in proper order and with change handle (11) fixed connection.
6. The novel zero-value test device based on voltage analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein: all opened mounting groove (28) on the medial surface of fixed plate (2) and slide (3), the tank bottom lateral wall of mounting groove (28) is connected with clamp plate (30) through second spring (29), fixedly connected with extrusion switch (31) on the tank bottom lateral wall of mounting groove (28).
7. The novel zero-value test device based on voltage analysis as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the guide vane (32) is installed in the pressure plate (30), and the outer side surface of the guide vane (32) is an outward convex cambered surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220284256.XU CN217305393U (en) | 2022-02-13 | 2022-02-13 | Novel zero value testing device based on voltage analysis |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202220284256.XU CN217305393U (en) | 2022-02-13 | 2022-02-13 | Novel zero value testing device based on voltage analysis |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN217305393U true CN217305393U (en) | 2022-08-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202220284256.XU Expired - Fee Related CN217305393U (en) | 2022-02-13 | 2022-02-13 | Novel zero value testing device based on voltage analysis |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115684848A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-02-03 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司超高压公司 | High-precision detection device for zero value of insulator of power transmission line |
-
2022
- 2022-02-13 CN CN202220284256.XU patent/CN217305393U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115684848A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-02-03 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司超高压公司 | High-precision detection device for zero value of insulator of power transmission line |
| CN115684848B (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-07-04 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司超高压公司 | Zero-value high-precision detection device for insulator of power transmission line |
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