CN217280469U - Change-over switch device and automatic change-over switch electrical apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a change-over switch device and an automatic change-over switch electric appliance, wherein the change-over switch device comprises an insulating shell, a common power supply contact component, a standby power supply contact component, a load contact component, a movable contact component and a rocker arm which are respectively arranged on the insulating shell; the moving contact component comprises a support, a U-shaped connecting rod, a moving contact conducting bar, a first elastic component and first rotating shafts, wherein the U-shaped connecting rod is respectively connected with the support and the rocker arm; the moving contact conducting bar is abutted against the common power supply contact assembly or the standby power supply contact assembly or neither according to the rotation direction of the rocker arm; and after the moving contact conductive bar is abutted against the corresponding contact component, the first elastic component reversely applies acting force for abutting against the corresponding contact component to the moving contact conductive bar. The movable contact conductive bar can be stably abutted against the corresponding contact assembly; the whole structure is relatively simple, the cost is low, the size is small, and the switching of three working positions can be realized.

Description

Change-over switch device and automatic change-over switch electrical apparatus

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an automatic change over switch electrical apparatus technical field especially relates to a change over switch device and automatic change over switch electrical apparatus.

Background

The automatic change-over switch electric appliance is a common low-voltage electric appliance, is commonly used in important power distribution occasions such as airports, hospitals and data centers, is used for switching two paths of power supplies, ensures that the common power supply is quickly switched to a standby power supply when the common power supply fails in the power supply process, and ensures the normal power supply of a load end.

With the development of economic society and the change of technological progress, the performance and reliability of modern power supply and distribution systems need to meet the demand of more and more diversified load types, and the automatic transfer switching device is used as a power distribution device applied to a power supply end of a key occasion.

In the related art, an automatic transfer switching device is provided with three working positions, including a common power supply switching-on position, a standby power supply switching-on position and a double-division position (two-way power supply disconnection position); when the three-station transfer switch electric appliance works normally, the three-station transfer switch electric appliance can stay at the double-branch position for a period of time, so that the impact of impact current on a main circuit load and the transfer switch electric appliance is avoided, meanwhile, the three-station transfer switch electric appliance can also realize the function of fire control emergency stop, and when the extreme end abnormal conditions such as fire disaster and the like happen in the important occasions, two paths of power supplies in a fire place can be quickly cut off by receiving instructions, so that the fire control safety is ensured; however, this kind of automatic transfer switch electrical apparatus with three stations needs to arrange two sets of contacts in the change over switch device, is responsible for butt power contact subassembly and stand-by power contact subassembly commonly used respectively, and control and operating system need to arrange two sets of square shafts and driving medium correspondingly simultaneously to drive above-mentioned moving contact rotation, and the cost is higher relatively, and the structure is complicated and the volume is great.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model lies in, two sets of contacts need be used to the change over switch device among the correlation technique, and the cost is relatively higher, and the structure is complicated and bulky, provides a change over switch device and automatic change over switch electrical apparatus.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a change-over switch device is constructed, which is characterized by comprising an insulating shell, a common power supply contact assembly, a standby power supply contact assembly, a load contact assembly, a movable contact assembly and a rocker arm, wherein the common power supply contact assembly, the standby power supply contact assembly, the load contact assembly, the movable contact assembly and the rocker arm are respectively arranged on the insulating shell;

the moving contact component comprises a support, a U-shaped connecting rod, a moving contact conducting bar, a first elastic component and first rotating shafts, wherein the U-shaped connecting rod is respectively connected with the support and the rocker arm;

the front part of the moving contact conducting bar extends out of the support and is arranged between the common power supply contact assembly and the standby power supply contact assembly; the first elastic component is arranged on the support in a penetrating way from a second direction and is fixedly connected with the rear part of the moving contact conducting bar; the rear part of the moving contact conducting bar is also fixedly connected with the load contact component;

the rocker arm drives the support and the moving contact conducting bar to rotate by taking the first rotating shaft as a base point; the moving contact conducting bar is configured to abut against the common power supply contact assembly or the standby power supply contact assembly or neither of the common power supply contact assembly and the standby power supply contact assembly according to the rotation direction of the rocker arm;

and the front end or the tail end of the moving contact conducting bar tilts relative to the support after the moving contact conducting bar is abutted against the corresponding contact component, the first elastic component acts on the first elastic component to enable the first elastic component to be in a compressed state, and the first elastic component reversely applies acting force for abutting against the corresponding contact component to the moving contact conducting bar.

Preferably, the top of the support is recessed inwards to form a first groove for loading the moving contact conductive bar; a groove wall on one side of the first groove penetrates through the first groove to form a first opening through which the moving contact conducting bar extends to a position between the common power supply contact assembly and the standby power supply contact assembly; the bottom groove wall adjacent to the first opening in the first groove is obliquely arranged towards the bottom of the support; the bottom of support is equipped with the inside sunken second recess that forms and is used for loading first elastic component, be equipped with in the second recess and communicate the first through-hole of first recess.

Preferably, the first elastic assembly comprises a first elastic piece, a first bolt and a first nut which are arranged in the second groove; the first bolt extends from the bottom of the support and sequentially penetrates through the second groove, the first elastic element, the first through hole and the rear part of the moving contact conductive bar and then is fixedly connected with a first nut so as to be locked in the support;

and a movable space for the movable contact conducting bar to rotate is reserved between the first nut and the bottom groove wall of the first groove.

The utility model also constructs an automatic transfer switch electric appliance, which comprises a contact system and a control and operation system for controlling the switching of the contact system when the power supply fails; the contact system comprises a plurality of change-over switch devices; the automatic switching device is characterized in that the switching device adopts the switching device; the control and operation system is provided with a first transmission shaft which extends into the change-over switch device and is fixedly connected with the rocker arm of the change-over switch device.

Preferably, the control and operation system includes an operation housing, a first side plate respectively disposed in the operation housing, a switching-on mechanism for driving the contact system to switch to a switching-on position, a reversing mechanism for switching the contact system to a switching-on position of a common power supply or a switching-on position of a standby power supply, and a circuit mechanism electrically connected to the switching-on mechanism and the reversing mechanism respectively for controlling the operation of the switching-on mechanism and the reversing mechanism;

the first side plate is provided with a Y-shaped opening; the partial structure of the closing mechanism penetrates through the Y-shaped opening to be connected with the first transmission shaft and can move in the Y-shaped opening to drive the first transmission shaft to rotate; the reversing mechanism is rotatably connected to the position of the first side plate, which is close to the Y-shaped opening, and the reversing mechanism changes the displacement track of the partial structure of the closing mechanism in the Y-shaped opening under the control of the circuit mechanism.

Preferably, the closing mechanism includes a first abutting assembly disposed on one side of the first side plate and connected to the first transmission shaft, a first electromagnetic driving assembly disposed on the other side of the first side plate, an L-shaped movable assembly, and a first linkage assembly passing through the first side plate to connect the L-shaped movable assembly and the first abutting assembly, respectively;

the L-shaped movable assembly is provided with a second rotating shaft, and one end of the second rotating shaft is vertically fixed on the first side plate; the first electromagnetic driving component is provided with a first cross rod extending to and fixedly connected with the L-shaped movable component; the first cross rod can perform axial reciprocating displacement and is perpendicular to the second rotating shaft; the first electromagnetic driving component is also electrically connected with the circuit mechanism;

the first electromagnetic driving assembly provides kinetic energy for the L-shaped movable assembly to rotate by taking the second rotating shaft as a base point, and the kinetic energy is transmitted to the first abutting assembly through the first linkage assembly, so that the first transmission shaft rotates.

Preferably, the Y-shaped opening is Y-shaped; the Y-shaped opening comprises a low hole, a first extending hole and a second extending hole, wherein the first extending hole and the second extending hole are divergently extended from the low hole to the upper side of the low hole.

Preferably, the reversing mechanism comprises a reversing piece, a second rotating piece, a third rotating shaft and a second electromagnetic driving assembly electrically connected with the circuit mechanism;

the reversing piece comprises a reversing main body which is rotatably connected to the first side plate through the third rotating shaft, a pointing part pointing to the Y-shaped opening, and a first connecting part fixedly connected with the pointing part through the reversing main body; the end part of the pointing part can be projected on the Y-shaped opening;

the middle part of the second rotating piece is rotatably connected with the first side plate; the two ends of the second rotating part are respectively connected with the first connecting part and the second electromagnetic driving component;

the second electromagnetic driving component provides kinetic energy for rotating the second rotating part so as to drive the pointing part to point to the first extending hole or the second extending hole.

Preferably, the control and operation system further comprises a locking mechanism for locking the L-shaped movable assembly when the L-shaped movable assembly rotates to the closing position;

the locking mechanism comprises a third electromagnetic driving component electrically connected with the circuit mechanism, a fourth rotating shaft with one end fixed on the first side plate, a third rotating component penetrating through the fourth rotating shaft, and a locking component extending to the L-shaped movable component; one end of the lock catch piece penetrates through and fixes the outer peripheral wall of the fourth rotating shaft, and the other end of the lock catch piece is provided with a hook-shaped part in a clamping groove shape; the L-shaped movable assembly abuts against the hook-shaped part when rotating to a switching-on position;

the third electromagnetic driving component provides power for the third rotating component to rotate by taking the fourth rotating shaft as a base point, and drives the locking component to rotate so as to release the L-shaped movable component.

Preferably, the control and operating system further comprises a manual operating mechanism; the manual operation mechanism comprises a first pressing assembly used for manually controlling the reversing mechanism and a shifting assembly used for manually controlling the closing mechanism.

Implement the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has: the utility model adopts the single group of contacts and the single transmission shaft for transmission, has relatively simple structure, low cost and small volume, can realize the switching of three working positions, meets the requirement of practical application, has high reliability, effectively reduces the manufacturing cost and the whole volume of the switch;

meanwhile, by utilizing the position change of the moving contact conducting bar relative to the support at different switching-on positions, the elastic potential energy for enabling the moving contact conducting bar to be abutted against the corresponding contact assembly is generated for the first elastic assembly, so that the moving contact conducting bar can be stably abutted against the corresponding contact assembly; the short-circuit fault current tolerance and the short-circuit current tolerance can be improved.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples, wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of an external structure of an automatic transfer switching apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the transfer switch device of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a movable contact assembly of the change-over switch device of the present invention;

fig. 5 is an exploded view of the moving contact assembly of the transfer switch device of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a sectional view of a support of the transfer switch device of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the moving contact assembly of the transfer switch device of the present invention when abutting against a common power contact assembly;

fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the movable contact assembly of the transfer switch assembly of the present invention as it abuts the backup power contact assembly;

fig. 9 is an internal structure view of the transfer switch device of the present invention in the normal power supply switching-on position;

fig. 10 is an internal structural view of the transfer switch device of the present invention in the standby power supply switching-on position;

fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control and operation system of the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a closing mechanism and a reversing mechanism in the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention with the closing mechanism and the reversing mechanism of the first cross bar omitted from another angle;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a reversing mechanism and a latch mechanism in the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a reversing mechanism and an L-shaped movable assembly in the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a latch mechanism in the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the first abutting assembly and the first side plate when the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention is in the common power supply switching-on position;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of the first abutting assembly and the first side plate when the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention is in the double-split position;

fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of the first abutting assembly and the first side plate when the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention is in the standby power supply switching-on position;

fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention between the closing mechanism and the locking mechanism when the automatic transfer switching apparatus is in the double-split position;

fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the closing mechanism and the latch mechanism cooperating with each other when the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention is in the closing position;

fig. 22 is a sectional view of the reversing mechanism and the first side plate when the automatic transfer switching device of the present invention switches the common power supply to the on position;

fig. 23 is a sectional view of the reversing mechanism and the first side plate when the automatic transfer switching apparatus of the present invention is in the standby power supply switching-on position.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "front", "back", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "head", "tail", etc. are configured and operated in specific directions based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention, but do not indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

It is also noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," "disposed," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. When an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be "directly" or "indirectly" on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are merely for convenience in describing the present technical solution and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, whereby the features defined as "first", "second", "third", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.

It should be noted that, the first direction refers to the width direction of the whole single change-over switch device or the length direction of the whole automatic change-over switch device; i.e. the arrow pointing in the direction of the line X shown in fig. 1. The second direction refers to the overall height direction of a single change-over switch device or the overall height direction of the automatic change-over switch device; i.e. the arrow pointing in the direction of the line Z shown in fig. 1. The third direction refers to the length direction of the whole single change-over switch device or the width direction of the whole automatic change-over switch device; i.e. the arrow pointing in the direction of the line Y shown in fig. 1.

As shown in fig. 1-23, the utility model discloses an automatic change-over switch electrical apparatus, this automatic change-over switch electrical apparatus structure is simple relatively, and low cost and volume are less, adopt single group contact group and single transmission shaft transmission, can realize power supply commonly used closing position, stand-by power supply closing position, the three operating position of two branch positions, satisfy the practical application demand, the reliability is high. Compared with the related technology, the contact switching time is greatly shortened, the performance is reliable, the manufacturing cost is effectively reduced, the overall size of the switch is reduced, and the requirement of a modern power supply system on a power supply occasion for rapidly switching a power supply is met.

The automatic transfer switching device comprises a contact system and a control and operation system 200; the contact system is used for connecting a normal power supply and a load, the control and operation system 200 is connected with the contact system so as to automatically switch to a standby power supply when the normal power supply fails or automatically switch to the normal power supply when the standby power supply fails, and functions of 'middle stay', 'fire-fighting linkage' and the like can be realized, namely, the contact system is switched to a position which is not in contact with the normal power supply and the standby power supply.

Further, the contact system includes a plurality of switching devices 101 connected in a multi-pole manner, and the switching devices 101 are connected to a control and operation system 200 by means of long screws to constitute an automatic transfer switching apparatus.

As shown in fig. 3, the single transfer switching device 101 includes an insulating housing 11, a common power contact assembly 12, a standby power contact assembly 13, a load contact assembly 18, an arc extinguishing chamber 14, a movable contact assembly 15, and a rocker arm 16, which are respectively disposed in the insulating housing 11.

The common power supply contact assembly 12 is arranged above the standby power supply contact assembly 13; and a space for part of the mechanism of the moving contact component 15 to extend into and rotate is reserved between the two; the movable contact assembly 15 abuts against the common power contact assembly 12 or the standby power contact assembly 13 according to the rotating direction of the rocker arm 16 so as to be connected with a common power supply. It should be noted that the conventional power contact assembly 12, the standby power contact assembly 13, and the load contact assembly 18 can refer to the prior art, and will not be described in detail here. In addition, the term "standby power source" refers to a common power source or a standby power source, and the switching of the standby power source refers to a brief description of switching the common power source to the standby power source or switching the standby power source to the common power source.

The swing arm 16 is connected to the control and operation system 200, and specifically, the first transmission shaft 27 in the control and operation system 200 extends into the switch device 101 to be fixed in the swing arm 16, so that the swing arm 16 rotates along with the first transmission shaft 27.

The moving contact assembly 15 is respectively connected with the rocker arm 16 and the load contact assembly 18 and can rotate in the insulating shell 11 along with the rocker arm 16; the rocker arm 16 can be abutted against the common power supply contact assembly 12 or the standby power supply contact assembly 13 according to the rotating direction, so that the switching-on of a common power supply is realized;

the arc extinguishing chamber 14 is provided at the periphery of the common power contact assembly 12 and the standby power contact assembly 13 to rapidly extinguish arc and suppress current after the power is cut off, thereby avoiding accidents and accidents. The arc chute 14 is constructed in accordance with the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

Further, the movable contact assembly 15 includes a support 51, a movable contact conducting bar 52 disposed in the support 51, a first elastic assembly 53, first rotating shafts 54 respectively disposed on two opposite sides of an outer wall of the support 51 in the first direction, and U-shaped links 55 respectively connected to the support 51 and the rocker 16.

A first groove 511 for loading the moving contact conducting bar 52 is arranged on the support 51, specifically, the top of the support 51 is inwards recessed to form the first groove 511, a groove wall on one side of the first groove 511 penetrates to form a first opening, the front part of the moving contact conducting bar 52 extends to a position between the common power contact assembly 12 and the standby power contact assembly 13 through the first opening, a bottom groove wall 512 adjacent to the first opening in the first groove 511 is obliquely arranged towards the bottom of the support 51, and the tail end of the rear part of the moving contact conducting bar 52 can tilt against the common power contact assembly 12; in addition, the moving contact conductive bar 52 is a long structure, the front end of the moving contact conductive bar 52 is respectively provided with a common moving contact 521 and a standby moving contact 522 on two opposite sides in the second direction, and the rear portion of the moving contact conductive bar 52 is provided with a second through hole 523 through which the first elastic component 53 passes, so as to fix the moving contact conductive bar 52 in the first groove 511. The support 51 is further provided with a second groove 513 for loading the first elastic component 53, specifically, the bottom of the support 51 is recessed inwards to form the second groove 513, and a first through hole 514 communicated with the first groove 511 is arranged in the second groove 513.

The first elastic assembly 53 includes a first elastic member 531, a first bolt 532, and a first nut 533. The first elastic member 531 is disposed in the second groove 513, and the first bolt 532 extends from the bottom of the support 51, sequentially passes through the second groove 513, the first elastic member 531, the first through hole 514, and the second through hole 523 at the rear of the moving contact conductive bar 52, and is locked in the support 51 by the first nut 533; the first nut 533 abuts against the top wall of the movable contact conductive bar 52. A moving space for the moving contact conducting bar 52 to rotate is left between the first nut 533 and the bottom wall of the first groove 511. Optionally, the first elastic member 531 is a first compression spring.

One end of the U-shaped connecting rod 55 is connected with the rocker arm 16, and the other end of the U-shaped connecting rod 55 is connected with the side wall of the support 51; the connection position of the U-shaped link 55 to the abutment 51 is located on the same side of the first pivot axis 54 as the connection position thereof to the swing arm 16. referring to fig. 9 to 10, the abutment 51 follows clockwise rotation when the swing arm 16 rotates clockwise, and the abutment 51 follows counterclockwise rotation when the swing arm 16 rotates counterclockwise.

In addition, the moving contact conductive bar 52 is also connected with the load contact assembly 18 through a flexible connecting member 17, and the flexible connecting member 17 can be a copper flexible connection.

As can be understood, referring to fig. 3 to 10, when the switching device 101 is in the double-split position, the entire moving contact conducting bar 52 extends parallel to the bottom slot wall of the first slot 511;

during the process of switching the change-over switch device 101 from the double-division position to the common power supply switching-on position, the control and operation system 200 controls the rocker arm 16 to rotate clockwise, and the support 51 rotates clockwise under the traction of the U-shaped connecting rod 55 by taking the first rotating shaft 54 as a base point; the moving contact conducting bar 52 arranged in the support 51 also rotates clockwise until the moving contact conducting bar abuts against the static contact assembly of the common power supply; at this time, the movable contact conductive bar 52 rotates counterclockwise relative to the support 51 under the action of the common power supply fixed contact assembly, that is, the tail end of the movable contact conductive bar 52 tilts relative to the first groove 511, the front portion of the movable contact conductive bar 52 abuts against the inclined groove wall of the first groove 511 adjacent to the first opening, so as to drive the first bolt 532 and the first nut 533 to move upward, and under the action of the head portion of the first bolt 532 and the groove wall of the second groove 513, the first elastic member 531 is in a compression state, so as to provide contact pressure for the common movable contact 521 to contact with the common power supply fixed contact assembly, thereby preventing the movable contact from being easily disconnected from the fixed contact assembly to generate high-temperature and high-heat electric arcs when short-circuit faults occur, and improving the short-circuit fault current resistance and short-circuit current tolerance.

Similarly, in the process of switching the change-over switch device 101 from the double-division position to the standby power supply switching-on position, the support 51 and the moving contact conducting bar 52 rotate anticlockwise until abutting against the standby power supply static contact assembly; at this time, the movable contact conducting bar 52 rotates clockwise relative to the support 51 under the action of the standby power supply static contact assembly, that is, the front end of the movable contact conducting bar 52 tilts relative to the first groove 511, the tail end of the movable contact conducting bar 52 abuts against the bottom groove wall of the first groove 511, so as to drive the first bolt 532 and the first nut 533 to move upwards, and under the action of the head of the first bolt 532 and the groove wall of the second groove 513, the first elastic member 531 is in a compression state, so as to provide a contact pressure for the standby movable contact 522 to contact with the standby power supply static contact assembly.

As shown in fig. 11 to 23, the control and operation system 200 includes an operation housing 21, a first side plate 22, a closing mechanism 23, a reversing mechanism 24, and a circuit mechanism 25, which are respectively provided in the operation housing 21.

The circuit mechanism 25 is respectively electrically connected with the reversing mechanism 24 and the closing mechanism 23, and is started to work by the controller; the switching-on mechanism 23 is used for driving the contact system to switch to a switching-on position; the first side plate 22 is vertically disposed at the bottom of the operating housing 21, and is provided with a Y-shaped opening, which can cooperate with the reversing mechanism 24 to control the contact system to switch to the normal power supply switching-on position or the standby power supply switching-on position.

Further, the Y-shaped opening includes a lower hole 221, and a first extending hole 222 and a second extending hole 223 divergently extending from the lower hole 221 to the upper side thereof; the extending directions of the first extending hole 222 and the second extending hole 223 are connected to form an included angle. In some embodiments of the present invention, the first position switch 232 is disposed at one side of the Y-shaped opening of the first extension hole 222, and the second position switch 233 is disposed at one side of the Y-shaped opening of the second extension hole 223.

The closing mechanism 23 includes a first position switch 232, a second position switch 233, and a first abutting component 236 disposed on one side of the first side plate 22, and a first electromagnetic driving component 235, a first linkage component 234, and an L-shaped movable component 231 disposed on the opposite side of the first side plate 22;

the first position switch 232 and the second position switch 233 are respectively disposed on the side wall of the first side plate 22, and are electrically connected to the circuit mechanism 25. The first abutting assembly 236 is located between the first position switch 232 and the second position switch 233, and can abut against and trigger the first position switch 232 or the second position switch 233 according to the swinging direction, the first position switch 232 feeds back a common power supply closing signal when abutted, and the second position switch 233 feeds back a standby power supply closing signal when abutted. The L-shaped movable member 231 is provided with a second rotation shaft 2311, which can rotate with the second rotation shaft 2311 as a base point. The first electromagnetic driving assembly 235 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped movable assembly 231, and the first electromagnetic driving assembly 235 provides power for the L-shaped movable assembly 231 to rotate. The first abutment member 236 is connected to the L-shaped movable member 231 via the first linkage member 234, and is driven to swing by the first abutment member 236 when the L-shaped movable member 231 rotates. Part of the first linkage assembly 234 is disposed through the Y-shaped opening of the first side plate 22, and cooperates with the reversing mechanism 24 to control the swinging direction of the first abutting assembly 236. Meanwhile, the first abutting assembly 236 is also fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft 27, and the first transmission shaft 27 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise based on the central axis of the first abutting assembly 236 according to the swinging direction of the first abutting assembly 236.

Further, the first electromagnetic driving assembly 235 integrally extends along the third direction, and includes a hollow first cylinder 2356, a first cross bar 2353, a first fixing member 2354, and a first coil, a first magnetic yoke, a first stationary core 2351, a first movable core 2352, and a second elastic member 2355 disposed in the first cylinder 2356; specifically, the first coil is electrically connected to the circuit mechanism 25; the first stationary core 2351, the first movable core 2352 and the first magnetic yoke are arranged in the first coil; the first stationary core 2351 is fixed on the first yoke; the opposite outer walls of the first stationary core 2351 and the first movable core 2352 are respectively concave to form a third groove and a fourth groove, the third groove and the fourth groove form a limiting space acting on the second elastic member 2355 when the first stationary core 2351 abuts against the first movable core 2352, and the length of the limiting space is smaller than the original length of the second elastic member 2355. The first cylinder 2356 and the L-shaped movable element 231 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the first cross bar 2353 in the third direction; part of the structure of the first cross bar 2353 is arranged in the first cylinder 2356, one end of the first cross bar is fixedly connected with the first movable iron core 2352, and the other end of the first cross bar is fixedly connected with the first fixing member 2354 after sequentially penetrating through the first movable iron core 2352, the second elastic member 2355 and the first static iron core 2351; the first fixing member 2354 is used for fixedly connecting the L-shaped movable member 231. It should be noted that, the relative positions of the first coil, the first yoke and the corresponding iron core and the principle thereof can refer to the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

It can be understood that the circuit mechanism 25 controls the first coil to be electrified to generate a magnetic field, the first movable iron core 2352 is displaced towards the first static iron core 2351 under the action of magnetic force and abuts against the first static iron core 2351, and the second elastic element 2355 arranged in the limited space is under the action of the groove walls of the third groove and the fourth groove and is in a compressed state; meanwhile, the first movable core 2352 drives the first cross bar 2353 and the first fixing member 2354 to displace along the displacement direction of the first movable core 2352, so as to further push the L-shaped movable assembly 231 to rotate by using the second rotating shaft 2311 as a base point. The circuit mechanism 25 controls the first coil to be powered off, the second elastic member 2355 is restored to the original state due to no external force, the elastic force of the second elastic member 2355 drives the first movable iron core 2352 to be away from the first stationary iron core 2351, and meanwhile, the L-shaped movable assembly 231 rotates in the opposite direction by using the second rotating shaft 2311 as a base point to be restored to the original position. Referring to fig. 20-21, the first moving core 2352 and the L-shaped moving assembly 231 are disposed on two opposite sides of the first stationary core 2351 in the third direction, specifically, the first moving core 2352 is disposed on the left side of the first stationary core 2351, and the L-shaped moving assembly 231 is disposed on the right side of the first stationary core 2351; when the first coil is powered on, the first movable iron core 2352 moves rightward to drive the first cross rod 2353 and the first fixing member 2354 to move rightward, so as to drive the L-shaped movable assembly 231 to rotate clockwise with the second rotating shaft 2311 as a base point. When the first coil is powered off, the first movable iron core 2352 moves leftwards to drive the first cross rod 2353 and the first fixing member 2354 to move leftwards, so as to drive the L-shaped movable assembly 231 to rotate anticlockwise by using the second rotating shaft 2311 as a base point, and thus the L-shaped movable assembly 231 is reset.

Further, the L-shaped movable assembly 231 includes a first link 2312, a second link 2313, a second rotation shaft 2311, and two L-shaped members 2314. The two L-shaped pieces 2314 are symmetrically arranged, and the single L-shaped piece 2314 includes a short side portion extending in the second direction and a long side portion extending in the third direction. Both ends of the first link 2312 are connected to long side portions of the two L-shaped pieces 2314, respectively; both ends of the second link 2313 are connected to short side portions of the two L-shaped members 2314, respectively; and the first fixing member 2354 is fixedly coupled to the outer circumferential wall of the second link 2313, both of which are disposed at the same height. One end of the second rotating shaft 2311 is fixed on the first side plate 22, and the other end of the second rotating shaft 2311 sequentially passes through the folding point positions of the two L-shaped pieces 2314, so that the two L-shaped pieces 2314 can be rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft 2311.

Further, the first linkage assembly 234 is disposed on one side of the L-shaped movable assembly close to the first side plate 22, and includes a first linkage rod 2341 and a second linkage rod 2342 passing through the first side plate 22 and extending to the first abutting assembly 236, and a first connecting piece 2343 for connecting the first linkage rod 2341 and the second linkage rod 2342. Specifically, the first linkage rod 2341 is arranged above the second linkage rod 2342; the first linkage rod 2341 passes through the Y-shaped opening on the first side plate 22 and is fixedly connected with the first abutting assembly 236; the second linkage rod 2342 is disposed on the extending track of the first link 2312, and one end of the second linkage rod 2342 is connected to the first link 2312, and the other end of the second linkage rod 2342 passes through the first square hole 224 disposed on the first side plate 22 and is fixedly connected to the first abutting assembly 236; it should be noted that the first square hole 224 is left with a space enough for the second linkage rod 2342 to displace.

It will be appreciated that the second link lever 2342 may be or be considered an extension of the first link 2312 through the first side plate 22 to connect with the first abutment assembly 236; when the L-shaped movable element 231 rotates around the second rotating shaft 2311, the first link 2312 is lifted relative to the bottom of the operating housing 21, and the first linkage rod 2341 is driven to displace in the Y-shaped opening along a path formed by the Y-shaped opening and a part of the structure of the reversing mechanism 24, so that the first abutting element 236 controls the rotating direction of the first driving shaft 27 according to the displacement path of the first linkage rod 2341, and abuts against the first position switch 232 or the second position switch 233.

Further, the first abutment assembly 236 includes a second link 2361, a first cross plate 2362 and a first rotating member 2363. Second connecting piece 2361 and first connecting piece 2343 symmetry set up in the relative both sides of first curb plate 22, and second linkage pole 2342 passes the one end of first curb plate 22 is connected to second connecting piece 2361 one end, and the one end that first linkage pole 2341 passes first curb plate 22 is connected to the second connecting piece 2361 other end. Two ends of the first transverse plate 2362 are rotatably connected to one end of the second connecting member 2361 connected to the first linkage rod 2341 and the first rotating member 2363, respectively. The first rotating member 2363 is further fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft 27, specifically, the first transmission shaft 27 vertically penetrates through the first rotating member 2363 and is rotatably connected to the first side plate 22, and the first transmission shaft 27 is disposed above a connection point of the first rotating member 2363 and the first transverse plate 2362.

As can be appreciated, when the automatic transfer switching apparatus is in the dual-division position, the first linkage rod 2341 is located in the low-level hole 221; when the automatic transfer switching apparatus is switched from the dual-division position to the common power supply switching-on position or the standby power supply switching-on position, the L-shaped movable assembly rotates, the first link 2312 drives the first linkage rod 2341 to move, and the first linkage rod 2341 can move from the low-position hole 221 to the first extension hole 222 or the second extension hole 223 under the action of the reversing mechanism 24; in the displacement process, the second connecting piece 2361 drives the first transverse plate 2362 and one end of the first rotating piece 2363 connected with the second connecting piece 2361 to displace; meanwhile, one end of the first transverse plate 2362 connected with the second connecting piece 2361 is abutted against the first position switch 232, or one end of the first rotating piece 2363 connected with the second connecting piece 2361 is abutted against the second position switch 233.

As shown in fig. 15, 22 and 23, the reversing mechanism 24 includes a reversing element 241, a second rotating element 243, a second electromagnetic driving assembly 244 and a third rotating shaft 242. The reversing element 241 is disposed at a position of the first side plate 22 adjacent to the Y-shaped opening, and includes a reversing main body 2411, a pointing portion 2412 and a first connecting portion 2413, wherein the reversing main body 2411 is rotatably connected to the first side plate 22 through a third rotating shaft 242; the pointing portion 2412 is used for limiting the displacement track of the first linkage member in the Y-shaped opening, and is provided with a tip capable of projecting on the Y-shaped opening, and the tip is configured to be deflected to one of the extension holes from the original position and rotate to the other extension hole when the second electromagnetic driving component 244 is powered on. The first connection portion 2413 extends toward the second rotating member 243 to be connected thereto. The second rotating member 243 is disposed above the pointing portion 2412 of the reversing main body 2411, the middle portion of the second rotating member 243 is rotatably connected to the first side plate 22, and the middle portion of the second rotating member 243 can be rotated by using the middle portion as a base point; in addition, one end of the second rotating member 243 is connected to the first connection portion 2413, and the other end thereof is connected to the second electromagnetic driving assembly 244; the middle portion and the first connection portion 2413 of the second rotating member 243 are respectively disposed at two opposite sides of the third shaft 242 in the third direction.

The second electromagnetic driving assembly 244 integrally extends along the second height, and includes a hollow second column 2441, a second coil, a second yoke, a second stationary core 2442, a second movable core 2443, a second fixed member 2444, and a third elastic member 2445; the second coil, the second magnetic yoke and the second movable iron core 2443 are arranged in the second cylinder 2441; the second movable iron core 2443 is in a long rod shape, a part of the structure of the second movable iron core is arranged in the second column 2441 and is positioned above the second stationary iron core 2442, and the other part of the structure of the second movable iron core extends out of the second column 2441 and passes through the third elastic element 2445 to be fixedly connected with the second fixed element 2444; the outer diameter of the second fixed member 2444 is larger than that of the third elastic member 2445, and the side wall of the second fixed member 2444 is fixedly connected to the second rotating member 243. It should be noted that, the relative positions of the second coil, the second yoke and the corresponding iron core and the principle thereof can refer to the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

As can be understood, referring to fig. 22 and 23, when the second coil is not energized, the pointing portion 2412 of the reversing element 241 is biased toward one of the first extending hole 222 and the second extending hole 223 by the third elastic element 2445. The circuit mechanism 25 controls the second coil to be energized to generate a magnetic field, the second movable iron core 2443 is displaced toward the second stationary iron core 2442 under the action of the magnetic force, the third elastic member 2445 is in a compressed state under the action of the outer wall of the second cylinder 2441 and the second fixed member 2444, the second fixed member 2444 is displaced downward relative to the second cylinder 2441, the second rotating member 243 is driven to rotate with the middle thereof as a base point, the reversing member 241 rotates with the third rotating shaft 242 as a base point, and the pointing portion 2412 is deviated from the original position to one of the first extending hole 222 and the second extending hole 223, and then to the other of the first extending hole 222 and the second extending hole 223. By changing the deflection direction of the pointing portion 2412, the displacement trajectory of the first link in the Y-shaped opening can be controlled, thereby controlling the rotation direction of the first transmission shaft 27. In some embodiments of the present invention, the pointing portion 2412 is configured to be biased toward the second extending hole 223 when not receiving an external force, and biased toward the first extending hole 222 when receiving the second electromagnetic driving assembly 244.

Optionally, the first side plate 22 is further provided with a first baffle 225 extending along the first direction, the first baffle 225 is disposed above the reversing mechanism 24 for abutting against the second rotating member 243 to limit the rotating angle of the second rotating member 243, and prevent the pointing portion 2412 from being over-biased and obstructing the displacement of the first linkage.

Further, as shown in fig. 16, the control and operation system 200 further includes a locking mechanism 26, and the locking mechanism 26 is used for locking the L-shaped movable element 231 when the L-shaped movable element 231 rotates to the closing position, so that the entire automatic transfer switching device is kept in the closing state.

The locking mechanism 26 includes a third electromagnetic driving component 261, a third rotating component 263, a fourth rotating shaft 264 and a locking component 262; the third electromagnetic driving component 261 is electrically connected with the circuit mechanism 25, and the working state of the third electromagnetic driving component 261 is controlled by the circuit mechanism 25; the third electromagnetic driving assembly 261 is fixedly connected with one end of the third rotating member 263 disposed above the third electromagnetic driving assembly; the other end of the third rotating element 263 is fixedly connected with one end of the fourth rotating shaft 264; the fourth rotating shaft 264 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the third rotating member 263, and the other end of the fourth rotating shaft 264 is connected to the first side plate 22 through the third rotating shaft 242. One end of the locking member 262 is fixed on the fourth shaft 264, and the other end thereof is provided with a hook 2621 for locking the first link 2312 when the L-shaped movable element 231 rotates to the closing position. When the third electromagnetic driving assembly 261 works, the third rotating element 263 is driven to rotate and is transmitted to the locking element 262 through the fourth rotating shaft 264, so that the locking element 262 rotates with the fourth rotating shaft 264 as a base point.

The third electromagnetic driving assembly 261 includes a hollow third cylinder 2611, a third coil, a third magnetic yoke, a third stationary core 2612, a third movable core, a third fixing member 2614 and a fourth elastic member 2613; the third coil, the third magnetic yoke and the third movable iron core are arranged in the third cylinder 2611; the third movable iron core is in a long rod shape, a part of the structure of the third movable iron core is arranged in the third cylinder 2611 and is positioned above the third stationary iron core 2612, and the other part of the structure of the third movable iron core extends out of the third cylinder 2611 and passes through the fourth elastic piece 2613 to be fixedly connected with the third fixing piece 2614; the outer diameter of the third fixing member 2614 is larger than that of the fourth elastic member 2613, and the side wall of the third fixing member 2614 is also fixedly connected with the third rotating member 263. It should be noted that, the relative positions of the third coil, the third yoke and the corresponding iron core and the principle thereof can refer to the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

As can be appreciated, as shown in fig. 20 and 21, when the L-shaped movable assembly rotates, the first link 2312 is lifted and falls into the hook 2621 to perform a locking function; if the circuit mechanism 25 controls the third electromagnetic driving component 261 to work, the third stationary core 2612 overcomes the reaction force of the fourth elastic component 2613 to approach the third movable core, and pulls the third fixed component 2614 and one end of the third rotating component 263 to move downward, and the first link 2312 will fall back to the original position if not receiving the first electromagnetic driving component 235 by being transmitted to the locking component 262 through the third rotating component 263 to rotate counterclockwise for a short distance with the fourth rotating shaft 264 as the base point.

Preferably, the control and operation system 200 further includes a manual operating mechanism 28 including a first pressing assembly 281 for manually controlling the reversing mechanism 24, a second pressing assembly 282 for manually controlling the latching mechanism 26, and a toggle assembly 283 for manually controlling the closing mechanism 23.

Further, the first pressing assembly 281 is disposed above the second electromagnetic driving assembly 244, and includes a first button and a first spring; the first button can be arranged on the operation shell 21 of the automatic transfer switching device, the bottom of the first button is further provided with a first supporting rod for the first spring to penetrate, and a user can manually press the first button to push the second movable iron core 2443 to move towards the second fixed iron core 2442, so that the reversing function is realized.

The second pressing element 282 is disposed above one end of the third rotating element 263 close to the third electromagnetic driving element 261, and includes a second button and a second spring; the second button can be disposed on the operation housing 21 of the automatic transfer switching device, and the bottom of the second button is further provided with a second support rod for the second spring to pass through, so that the user can manually press the second button to push the third movable core to move toward the third stationary core 2612, thereby releasing the locking member 262 and the L-shaped movable assembly 231.

The toggle assembly 283 includes a first toggle piece 2831 and a fifth rotating shaft 2832 extending to the outside of the automatic transfer switching apparatus along the extending direction of the second rotating shaft 2311; two ends of the fifth rotating shaft 2832 are respectively fixedly connected with the first pulling piece 2831 and the L-shaped piece 2314; the user may manually rotate the first paddle 2831 to control the rotation of the L-shaped movable member 231.

It should be understood that the above examples only represent the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined without departing from the concept of the present invention, and several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention; therefore, all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

Claims (10)

1. A change-over switch device is characterized by comprising an insulating shell (11), a common power supply contact component (12), a standby power supply contact component (13), a load contact component (18), a movable contact component (15) and a rocker arm (16), wherein the common power supply contact component (12), the standby power supply contact component (13), the load contact component (18) and the movable contact component (15) are respectively arranged on the insulating shell (11);

the moving contact component (15) comprises a support (51), a U-shaped connecting rod (55) respectively connected with the support (51) and the rocker arm (16), a moving contact conducting bar (52) and a first elastic component (53) which are arranged in the support (51), and first rotating shafts (54) respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the outer wall of the support (51) in the first direction;

the front part of the moving contact conductive bar (52) extends out of the support (51) and is arranged between the common power supply contact component (12) and the standby power supply contact component (13); the first elastic component (53) penetrates through the support (51) from a second direction and is fixedly connected with the rear part of the moving contact conductive bar (52); the rear part of the moving contact conducting bar (52) is also fixedly connected with the load contact assembly (18);

the rocker arm (16) drives the support (51) and the moving contact conducting bar (52) to rotate by taking the first rotating shaft (54) as a base point; the moving contact conductive bar (52) is configured to abut against the common power contact assembly (12) or the standby power contact assembly (13) or neither depending on the rotation direction of the rocker arm (16);

and the front end or the tail end of the moving contact conductive bar (52) tilts relative to the support (51) after abutting against the corresponding contact component, the first elastic component (53) acts on the first elastic component to enable the first elastic component to be in a compressed state, and the first elastic component (53) exerts acting force for abutting against the corresponding contact component in a reaction way on the moving contact conductive bar (52).

2. The diverter switch device according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of said seat (51) is recessed inwards to form a first recess (511) for housing said movable contact conductor bar (52); a first opening is formed in one side of the groove wall of the first groove (511) in a penetrating manner, and the moving contact conducting bar (52) extends to a position between the common power supply contact assembly (12) and the standby power supply contact assembly (13);

a bottom groove wall (512) adjacent to the first opening in the first groove (511) is obliquely arranged towards the bottom of the support (51); the bottom of the support (51) is provided with a second groove (513) which is recessed inwards to form the first elastic component (53), and a first through hole (514) communicated with the first groove (511) is formed in the second groove (513).

3. The diverter switch device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first elastic assembly (53) comprises a first elastic member (531), a first bolt (532) and a first nut (533) provided in the second recess (513); the first bolt (532) extends into the support (51) from the bottom of the support and sequentially passes through the second groove (513), the first elastic element (531), the first through hole (514) and the rear part of the movable contact conductive bar (52) and then is fixedly connected with a first nut (533) so as to be locked in the support (51);

and a movable space for the movable contact conducting bar (52) to rotate is reserved between the first nut (533) and the bottom groove wall (512) of the first groove (511).

4. An automatic transfer switching apparatus comprises a contact system and a control and operation system (200) for controlling the switching of the contact system when a power supply fails; the contact system comprises a plurality of change-over switch devices; characterized in that the change-over switch device adopts the change-over switch device (101) of any one of the above claims 1-3; the control and operating system (200) is provided with a first transmission shaft (27) which extends into the diverter switch device (101) to be fixedly connected with the rocker arm (16) thereof.

5. The automatic transfer switching apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the control and operation system (200) comprises an operation housing (21), a first side plate (22) respectively disposed in the operation housing (21), a switching mechanism (23) for driving the contact system to switch to a switching position, a reversing mechanism (24) for switching the contact system to a normal power switching position or a standby power switching position, and a circuit mechanism (25) electrically connected to the switching mechanism (23) and the reversing mechanism (24) respectively for controlling the operation of the two;

a Y-shaped opening is formed in the first side plate (22); part of the structure of the closing mechanism (23) penetrates through the Y-shaped opening to be connected with the first transmission shaft (27), and can move in the Y-shaped opening to drive the first transmission shaft (27) to rotate; the reversing mechanism (24) is rotatably connected to the position of the first side plate (22) at the adjacent side of the Y-shaped opening, and changes the displacement track of part of the closing mechanism (23) in the Y-shaped opening under the control of the circuit mechanism (25).

6. The automatic transfer switching apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the closing mechanism (23) comprises a first abutting assembly (236) disposed on one side of the first side plate (22) and connected to the first transmission shaft (27), a first electromagnetic driving assembly (235) disposed on the other side of the first side plate (22), an L-shaped movable assembly (231), and a first linkage assembly (234) passing through the first side plate (22) to connect the L-shaped movable assembly (231) and the first abutting assembly (236), respectively;

the L-shaped movable assembly (231) is provided with a second rotating shaft (2311) one end of which is vertically fixed on the first side plate (22); the first electromagnetic driving component (235) is provided with a first cross rod (2353) extending to and fixedly connected with the L-shaped movable component (231); the first cross rod (2353) can perform axial reciprocating displacement and is perpendicular to the second rotating shaft (2311); the first electromagnetic drive assembly (235) is also electrically connected with the circuit mechanism (25);

the first electromagnetic driving assembly (235) provides the kinetic energy for the L-shaped movable assembly (231) to rotate by taking the second rotating shaft (2311) as a base point, and the kinetic energy is transmitted to the first abutting assembly (236) through the first linkage assembly (234), so that the first transmission shaft (27) rotates.

7. The automatic transfer switching apparatus of claim 6 wherein said Y-shaped opening is Y-shaped; the Y-shaped opening comprises a low hole (221), a first extending hole (222) and a second extending hole (223), wherein the first extending hole and the second extending hole branch from the low hole (221) to the upper side.

8. The automatic transfer switching apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the reversing mechanism (24) comprises a reversing member (241), a second rotating member (243), a third rotating shaft (242), and a second electromagnetic driving assembly (244) electrically connected to the circuit mechanism (25);

the reversing piece (241) comprises a reversing main body (2411) which is rotatably connected to the first side plate (22) through the third rotating shaft (242), a pointing part (2412) which points to the Y-shaped opening, and a first connecting part (2413) which is fixedly connected with the pointing part (2412) through the reversing main body (2411); the end of the pointing part (2412) can be projected on the Y-shaped opening;

the middle part of the second rotating piece (243) is rotatably connected with the first side plate (22); the two ends of the second rotating part (243) are respectively connected with the first connecting part (2413) and the second electromagnetic driving component (244);

the second electromagnetic driving assembly (244) provides kinetic energy for rotating the second rotating member (243) to drive the pointing portion (2412) to point to the first extending hole (222) or the second extending hole (223).

9. The automatic transfer switching apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the control and operating system (200) further comprises a locking mechanism (26) for locking the L-shaped movable member (231) when the L-shaped movable member (231) is rotated to the on position;

the locking mechanism (26) comprises a third electromagnetic driving component (261) electrically connected with the circuit mechanism (25), a fourth rotating shaft (264) with one end fixed on the first side plate (22), a third rotating component (263) arranged through the fourth rotating shaft (264), and a locking component (262) extending to the L-shaped movable component (231); one end of the locking piece (262) penetrates through the outer peripheral wall of the fourth rotating shaft (264) and is fixed, and the other end of the locking piece is provided with a hook-shaped part (2621) in a clamping groove shape; the L-shaped movable assembly (231) abuts against the hook-shaped part (2621) when rotating to a switching-on position;

the third electromagnetic driving component (261) provides the power for the third rotating component (263) to rotate by taking the fourth rotating shaft (264) as a base point, and drives the locking component (262) to rotate so as to release the L-shaped movable component (231).

10. The automatic transfer switching apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the control and operating system (200) further comprises a manual operating mechanism (28); the manual operating mechanism (28) comprises a first pressing component (281) for manually controlling the reversing mechanism (24) and a toggle component (283) for manually controlling the closing mechanism (23).

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