CN217277915U - Gas leakage detection system - Google Patents
Gas leakage detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217277915U CN217277915U CN202123080859.2U CN202123080859U CN217277915U CN 217277915 U CN217277915 U CN 217277915U CN 202123080859 U CN202123080859 U CN 202123080859U CN 217277915 U CN217277915 U CN 217277915U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
The application discloses gas leakage detection system. The gas leakage detection system comprises a signal acquisition optical system, a signal processing module and an alarm; the signal acquisition optical system acquires high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics of gas passing through a detection area, the signal processing module analyzes and judges the acquired signals in real time, the judgment result is transmitted to the alarm by comparing the characteristics with the characteristics without leakage, and once the gas leakage is detected, the alarm system is triggered immediately. The method has the characteristics of large detection range, high precision and quick response, can obviously improve the leakage detection efficiency, and greatly reduces the hazard possibly caused by hydrogen leakage.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of gas leakage detection, in particular to a gas leakage detection system for hydrogen.
Background
In the context of energy transformation, the development of hydrogen energy has become a consensus in the developed economies. The hydrogen energy is used as a secondary energy with the greatest development prospect in the 21 st century, has the characteristics of rich sources, high thermal efficiency, clean combustion and the like, can replace fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like, and has important significance for realizing the targets of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization in China.
The photoelectric hydrogen production has been regarded by people for producing green hydrogen (hydrogen produced by using renewable energy sources and without carbon emission in the process). However, hydrogen has the characteristics of low viscosity, easiness in gasification and the like, and once leaked from a hydrogen storage tank or a hydrogen conveying pipeline, the hydrogen can be quickly mixed with air to form an inflammable and explosive steam cloud. The explosion (volume fraction is 4-75%) and detonation limit (volume fraction is 18.3-59%) of hydrogen in air are wide, and the detonation velocity is very high (1480-2150 m/s). Therefore, once the steam cloud meets an ignition source to generate deflagration or detonation, the steam cloud can cause serious damage to the photoelectric hydrogen production equipment, and great economic loss and casualties are brought. Hydrogen leakage often occurs at the joints of valves, flanges, etc. of hydrogen delivery pipelines. Therefore, the leak detection of the hydrogen transmission pipeline in the photoelectric hydrogen production process can be quickly and accurately carried out, corresponding fire-fighting measures can be taken in time, and the method has important significance for safe and stable operation of a photoelectric hydrogen production system.
The traditional gas leakage detection method, such as the gas sensor leakage detection, has the defects of small detection range and low precision.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problems of small detection range and low sensitivity of the gas leakage detection, the application provides the following technical scheme:
a gas leak detection system, comprising:
the device comprises a signal acquisition optical system, a signal processing module and an alarm;
the signal collection optical system includes: the system comprises a light source, a light splitting element, a 4f Fourier system, a frequency spectrum processor and a dispersion element; the spectrum processor is arranged on a spectrum surface in the 4f Fourier system, light emitted by the light source is divided into two paths after passing through the light splitting element, and one path of light passes through the 4f Fourier system and then transmits the high signal-to-noise ratio imaging information of the gas containing the detection area to the signal processing module; the other path of the diffraction information containing the gas light in the detection area is transmitted to the signal processing module after passing through the dispersion element;
the signal processing module analyzes and judges the collected high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics in real time; and transmitting the judgment result to the alarm connected with the alarm.
The frequency spectrum processor is a filter and is used for outputting frequency spectrum information, filtering high-frequency information and reserving low-frequency information with strong signal-to-noise ratio; the image-side focal plane of the first fourier lens is the spectral plane of the entire system or is referred to as the transform plane. The coherent parallel light is incident on an object placed on an object focal plane of the first Fourier lens, an object frequency spectrum appears on a frequency spectrum plane, and the object frequency spectrum is imaged on an image focal plane of the second Fourier lens. The transformation process of the 4f Fourier system realizes spectral analysis and processing of the optical information in the frequency domain. The filter is added on the frequency spectrum surface, so that information of certain frequencies can be prevented from passing through, or certain phase change is introduced into certain frequencies, so that certain information can be extracted according to needs, the structure of an image is changed, and a needed output image is obtained. The gas leakage detection method overcomes the defects of small detection range and low precision of the traditional gas leakage detection method such as gas sensor leak detection.
Preferably, the light splitting element includes: a semi-transparent semi-reflective element and a beam splitter prism.
Preferably, the dispersive element comprises: grating and prism.
Preferably, the light source is a point light source, the light intensity emitted by the point light source is lower than the ignition energy of the gas to be detected, and the light emitted by the point light source is incident to the light splitting element after being collimated and expanded.
Preferably, the gas to be detected comprises: hydrogen, natural gas.
Preferably, the 4f fourier system comprises: the lens comprises a first Fourier lens and a second Fourier lens, wherein the image side focus of the first Fourier lens is arranged at the object side focus of the second Fourier lens, and the two lenses are coaxially arranged.
Preferably, the gas leak detection system is characterized in that:
the signal processing module analyzes the collected high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics in real time and judges whether gas leakage information exists or not, and the result is transmitted to the connected alarm, wherein the gas leakage information comprises: whether the gas is leaking and/or the leaking gas is rich.
The embodiment of the application provides a gas leakage detection method, which is based on the gas leakage detection system, and the gas leakage detection method comprises the following steps:
s1, moving the detection system to the vicinity of the gas source to be detected, namely, the gas source to be detected is positioned in the overlapping area of the two light paths, so as to ensure that the optical signal of the gas passing through the detection area is acquired;
s2, lightening the point light source, collecting high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics, and transmitting the collected information to the signal processing module;
and S3, the signal processing module processes the received information and judges whether gas leakage occurs.
Preferably, the step S3 is followed by:
and when the gas leakage is judged to occur, the judgment result is output to the alarm device, and the alarm device receives and responds to the abnormal information and generates an alarm signal.
Preferably, the gas leakage detection method is characterized in that:
if the gas leakage can change the refractive index of the gas in the detection area, the high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction patterns collected in the step S2 are influenced, and the collected high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics are analyzed and judged in real time through the signal processing module, so that the gas leakage information is obtained.
Preferably, the gas leakage information includes: whether the gas leaks and the concentration of the leaking gas.
Advantageous effects
The hydrogen leakage detection system of the embodiment of the application adopts an optical system to perform gas leakage detection, and specifically comprises a 4f optical system, wherein the 4f optical system is composed of a pair of coaxial confocal Fourier lenses with equal focal lengths, and the front focal plane of the first Fourier lens is an object plane; the back focal plane of the first fourier lens (or the front focal plane of the second fourier lens) is the spectral plane of the entire system or is referred to as the transform plane. The coherent parallel light is incident on an object placed in the object plane, and a frequency spectrum appears in a frequency spectrum plane, and is imaged in an image plane (a back focal plane of the second Fourier lens). Modulating the frequency spectrum can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of imaging, thereby extracting effective characteristics. The method can carry out leak detection on the transport pipeline in the photoelectric hydrogen production process in a large area and a wide range, and improves the leak detection efficiency. The system performs leak detection sampling on the hydrogen conveying pipeline based on two optical paths, improves the reliability of the detection system, and greatly reduces the false alarm rate; the real-time detection and the quick response to the leakage detection of the hydrogen transmission pipeline in the hydrogen production process are realized, and the hazard possibly caused by the hydrogen leakage is greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the specification, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of hydrogen leak detection in a photovoltaic hydrogen production process according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an optical leak detection system for a hydrogen delivery pipe according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of an optical detection method for detecting leakage of a hydrogen delivery pipe according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The above-described scheme is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The conditions employed in the examples may be further adjusted as determined by the particular manufacturer, and the conditions not specified are typically those used in routine experimentation.
The application discloses gas leakage detection system can be used to detect gases such as hydrogen, natural gas. The alarm device comprises a signal acquisition optical system, a signal processing module and an alarm; the signal acquisition optical system acquires high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics of gas passing through a detection area, the signal processing module analyzes and judges the acquired signals in real time, the judgment result is transmitted to the alarm by comparing the characteristics with the characteristics without leakage, and once the gas leakage is detected, the alarm system is triggered immediately. When the signal acquisition optical system is in work, light emitted by a point light source is divided into two paths after passing through a Fourier lens and a grating, and one path of light passes through a gas transmission pipe (such as a hydrogen transmission pipe) of a gas to be detected, the Fourier lens, a frequency spectrum processor and the Fourier lens and then is acquired by a receiving screen to obtain high signal-to-noise ratio imaging characteristics; the other path passes through a gas transmission pipe (such as a hydrogen transmission pipe) of the gas to be detected and a grating and then is collected by a receiving screen. The signal processing module: and receiving a sampling feedback signal, and analyzing and judging the acquired high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics based on the micro-control unit. Once the leakage is judged (for example, the hydrogen leakage is judged in the hydrogen conveying pipeline), an alarm signal is sent out immediately through the alarm module. The leak detection method of the detection system can detect the hydrogen transmission pipeline in real time and respond quickly, and the hazard possibly caused by gas (such as hydrogen) leakage is greatly reduced. The detection mechanism of the method takes hydrogen as an example, the refractive index of gas in a detection area (around a hydrogen transmission pipeline) can be changed by hydrogen leakage, high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction patterns are further influenced, high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics of the gas around the hydrogen transmission pipeline which are collected at the same time are analyzed in real time and compared with signals under normal conditions, when the high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and the diffraction characteristics are abnormal, the leakage of the detected hydrogen transmission pipeline is judged, and the reliability of the result is enhanced by two-way judgment.
The gas leak detection system implemented in the present application is further described below with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, and taking hydrogen as an example, where fig. 1 shows a schematic hydrogen leak detection diagram in a photoelectric hydrogen production process: the system comprises a photoelectric hydrogen production system 1, a photovoltaic array 2, a photovoltaic controller 3, an electrolyzed water hydrogen production system 4, an optical detection system 5, a valve 6, a hydrogen transmission pipeline 7 and a hydrogen storage tank 8.
The photoelectric hydrogen production system mainly comprises a photovoltaic array 2, a photovoltaic controller 3 and a water electrolysis device 4. After being generated from the hydrogen production system, the hydrogen is transported through a hydrogen transportation pipeline 7 and is sent into a hydrogen storage tank 8 after being pressurized. As shown in fig. 2, the optical detection system for hydrogen delivery pipe leakage includes: signal acquisition, signal processing and alarm device specifically includes: pointolite 9, collimation beam expanding lens 10, the defeated hydrogen pipeline 11 that is detected, first grating 12, first Fourier lens 13, second grating 14, frequency spectrum processor 15, second Fourier lens 16, signal reception screen 17, little the control unit 18, alarm device 19.
When the hydrogen leakage optical detection system operates, light emitted by a point light source 9 passes through a collimating beam expander 10 and a first grating 12 and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path passes through a measured hydrogen transmission pipeline 11, a first Fourier lens 13, a frequency spectrum processor 15 and a second Fourier lens 16 and then is collected by a signal receiving screen 17 to obtain high signal-to-noise ratio imaging characteristics; and the other path passes through a measured hydrogen transmission pipeline 11 and a second grating 14 and then is collected by a signal receiving screen 17.
When hydrogen leakage exists in the pipeline, the refractive index of gas around the detected hydrogen transmission pipeline 11 is changed, the optical path of light emitted by the point light source is influenced, and the acquired high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics are changed. The collected signals are sent to a Micro Control Unit (MCU) for processing. And judging whether the hydrogen conveying pipeline leaks or not by comparing the high signal-to-noise ratio imaging characteristic with the diffraction characteristic under the normal condition. Once hydrogen leakage is detected, the micro control unit controls an Alarm device (Alarm)19 to send Alarm information to inform workers to perform corresponding treatment in time, and safety and stability of the photoelectric hydrogen production process are guaranteed. The system uses two optical paths to perform leak detection sampling on the hydrogen conveying pipeline, improves the reliability of the detection system and greatly reduces the false alarm rate.
Next, a detection method of the above system will be described with reference to fig. 3, in which a detected gas source is located in an overlapping region of two optical paths to ensure that an optical signal passing through ambient gas can be collected, the gas leakage detection method includes:
s1, moving the detection system to the vicinity of the gas source to be detected;
s2, lighting the point light source, collecting high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics, and transmitting the collected information to the signal processing module;
s3, the signal processing module processes the received information and judges whether gas leakage occurs.
The method simultaneously uses two optical paths to perform leak detection sampling on the hydrogen conveying pipeline, improves the reliability of a detection system, and greatly reduces the false alarm rate. Under the detection method, if the gas leakage can change the refractive index of the gas in the detection area, the high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction patterns collected in the step S2 are further influenced, and the collected high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics are analyzed and judged in real time through the signal processing module, so that the gas leakage information is obtained. The gas leak information includes: whether the gas leaks and the concentration of the leaking gas.
Further, if the gas leakage is judged to occur, the judgment result is output to the alarm device, and the alarm device immediately receives and responds to the abnormal information and generates an alarm signal.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present application, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement the present application, and not to limit the protection scope of the present application. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present application are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A gas leak detection system, comprising:
the device comprises a signal acquisition optical system, a signal processing module and an alarm;
the signal collection optical system includes: the system comprises a light source, a light splitting element, a 4f Fourier system, a frequency spectrum processor and a dispersion element;
the frequency spectrum processor is arranged on a frequency spectrum surface in the 4f Fourier system, light emitted by the light source is divided into two paths after passing through the light splitting element,
one path of the imaging information containing the gas high signal-to-noise ratio in the detection area is transmitted to a signal processing module through a 4f Fourier system;
the other path of the diffraction information containing the gas light in the detection area is transmitted to the signal processing module after passing through the dispersion element;
the signal processing module analyzes and judges the collected high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics in real time, and transmits a judgment result to the alarm connected with the signal processing module.
2. The gas leak detection system according to claim 1, wherein the spectroscopic element includes: a semi-transparent semi-reflecting element and a beam splitter prism.
3. The gas leak detection system of claim 1, wherein the dispersive element comprises: grating and prism.
4. The gas leak detection system of claim 1, wherein the light source is a point light source, the light intensity emitted by the point light source is lower than the ignition energy of the gas to be detected, and the light emitted by the point light source is incident on the light splitting element after being collimated and expanded.
5. The gas leak detection system of claim 4, wherein the gas to be detected comprises: hydrogen, natural gas.
6. The gas leak detection system according to claim 1,
the 4f fourier system comprises:
a first Fourier lens and a second Fourier lens,
the image side focus of the first Fourier lens is arranged at the object side focus of the second Fourier lens, and the first Fourier lens and the second Fourier lens are coaxially arranged.
7. The gas leak detection system of claim 1, wherein:
the signal processing module analyzes the collected high signal-to-noise ratio imaging and diffraction characteristics in real time and judges whether gas leakage information exists or not, and the result is transmitted to the connected alarm, wherein the gas leakage information comprises: whether the gas is leaking and/or the leaking gas is rich.
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| CN115308208A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-11-08 | 苏州大学 | Gas leakage detection system and method |
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