CN217265682U

CN217265682U - Anaerobic fermentation system of kitchen garbage leachate

Info

Publication number: CN217265682U
Application number: CN202220195286.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许伟; 朱文娟; 许辉; 胡志伟
Original assignee: Anhui Zhongji Shidai Environmental Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Zhongji Shidai Environmental Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-19
Filing date: 2022-01-19
Publication date: 2022-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anaerobic fermentation system of kitchen waste leachate, including CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank front end is connected with hydrolysis acidification tank, the rear end is connected with the anaerobism water tank that goes out, has the charge pump on the connecting tube of hydrolysis acidification tank and CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, the connecting tube is located CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank lower part with the junction of hydrolysis acidification tank, is located hydrolysis acidification tank side downside with the link of hydrolysis acidification tank, and CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank and anaerobism water tank are gone out and are connected through anaerobic jar outlet pipe and anaerobic jar row sediment pipe; the system has the advantages of simple structure, no three-phase separator and filler, high material concentration, strong impact load resistance of the material concentration, simple feeding design, mixed water distribution of the fed materials through the stirrer, convenient maintenance, low investment, harmlessness, high reduction and recycling degree, large biogas yield, stable operation, small treatment difficulty of subsequent biogas residues and easy pollution control.

Description

Anaerobic fermentation system of kitchen garbage leachate

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an environmental protection technology specifically is an anaerobic fermentation system of kitchen garbage leachate.

Background

After domestic garbage classification, the kitchen garbage is used as garbage which is collected and treated independently, and sewage after oil extraction after separation and crushing is complex in component and high in treatment difficulty; waste water obtained after sorting, crushing, oil extraction, impurity removal and sand removal of kitchen waste is uniformly mixed in a slurry mixing tank of a pretreatment workshop, and then is pumped to a hydrolysis acidification tank in an anaerobic fermentation system (due to unstable feed components and feed quantity of the kitchen waste, although the kitchen waste is pretreated, organic slurry generated by the kitchen waste still has the characteristics of high solid content, large material concentration fluctuation range, high COD concentration and the like, so that the hydrolysis acidification tank, preparation and pre-acidification are arranged to ensure stable feed and pre-hydrolysis of a CSTR anaerobic tank), and the waste water is subjected to conditioning, temperature adjustment and acidification and then is fermented in the anaerobic tank; the biogas slurry generated after the full fermentation of the CSTR anaerobic reactor enters an anaerobic water outlet tank, and the effect of the CSTR anaerobic water outlet tank is to improve the quality of anaerobic water outlet, reflux biogas residues and reduce the generation amount of the biogas residues.

The prior anaerobic technology has the following defects: 1. the internal structure is complex, and a three-phase separator or a filler and the like are arranged; 2. the hydraulic retention time period and the impact load resistance are weak; 3. the COD concentration of the anaerobic influent is less than 2 ten thousand mg/L, and the solid content is less than 8 percent; 4. the phenomena of mud leakage and blockage exist in the filler or the three-phase separator layer; 5. the traditional anaerobic method generally distributes water from the bottom, and the blockage of a pipeline structure is difficult to overhaul; 6. the traditional anaerobism adopts the water seal jar to carry out water seal and back-fire relief, the jar body negative pressure phenomenon appears easily.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an anaerobic fermentation system of kitchen rubbish leachate to solve the problem that provides among the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:

an anaerobic fermentation system of kitchen waste leachate comprises a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, wherein the front end of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with a hydrolysis acidification tank, the rear end of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with an anaerobic water outlet tank, a feed pump is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the hydrolysis acidification tank and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, the connecting part of the connecting pipeline and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank is positioned at the lower part of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, the connecting end of the connecting pipeline and the hydrolysis acidification tank is positioned at the lower side of the side surface of the hydrolysis acidification tank, the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank and the anaerobic water outlet tank are connected through an anaerobic tank water outlet pipe and an anaerobic tank slag discharge pipe, an anaerobic tank water outlet pipe is positioned above an anaerobic tank slag discharge pipe, and the connecting ends of the anaerobic tank water outlet pipe and the anaerobic tank slag discharge pipe and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank are provided with a plurality of branch pipes; and a heat exchanger is also connected between the hydrolysis acidification tank and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, and a heat exchanger water outlet pipe and a heat exchanger water inlet pipe are arranged on two sides of the heat exchanger.

The hydrolysis acidification tank is provided with an acidification tank water inlet pipe, an acidification tank stirrer, a scum outer discharge pipe and an acidification tank vent pipe, wherein the acidification tank water inlet pipe is positioned on the upper part of the side surface of the hydrolysis acidification tank, the acidification tank stirrer is provided with a motor and a stirring rod, the motor is positioned at the top of the hydrolysis acidification tank, the stirring rod is in transmission connection with the motor and stretches into the hydrolysis acidification tank, and the scum outer discharge pipe and the acidification tank vent pipe are positioned on the lower part of the side surface of the hydrolysis acidification tank.

The CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank comprises an anaerobic tank stirrer and a biogas pipe, the anaerobic tank stirrer and the acidification tank stirrer have the same structure and respectively comprise a motor and a stirring rod, the motor is positioned at the top of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, the stirring rod is in transmission connection with the motor and extends into the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, one end of the biogas pipe is butted with the top of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank and is communicated with the inside of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, and the other end of the biogas pipe is butted with an external biogas collecting device; the outside of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank is also connected with an anaerobic circulating pump, the input end of the anaerobic circulating pump is connected with the upper part of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, and the output end of the anaerobic circulating pump is connected with the lower part of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank; and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank is also connected with a positive and negative pressure protector and a gas detector.

The upper part of the side surface of the anaerobic water outlet tank is provided with a main water outlet pipe, the lower part of the side surface of the anaerobic water outlet tank is provided with an anaerobic emptying pipe, and a decanter is further arranged in the anaerobic water outlet tank.

As the preferred scheme of the utility model: a reflux pump is further connected between the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank and the anaerobic water outlet tank, the reflux pump is located below the anaerobic slag discharge pipe, the output end of the reflux pump is connected with the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, and the input end of the reflux pump is connected with the anaerobic water outlet tank.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: 1. the structure is simple, a three-phase separator and a filler are not needed, the material concentration is high, and the impact load capacity of the material concentration is high;

2. the feeding design is simple, the fed materials are mixed and distributed by the stirrer, and the maintenance is convenient;

3. the investment is low, the harmlessness, the reduction and the resource degree are high, the biogas production amount is large, the operation is stable, the subsequent biogas residue treatment difficulty is small, and the pollution is easy to control;

4. the bottom is provided with a multi-point automatic slag discharging device, so that the accumulation of inorganic sediments in the anaerobic reactor is avoided, and the maintenance cost is reduced;

5. the removal rate of COD can reach 85% by the CSTR anaerobic fermentation process;

6. the mixing technology is simple; the stirring technology in the reactor is simple; the heat exchange and the substance exchange in the reactor are good, and the generated gas is easy to release.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 100-hydrolysis acidification tank, 200-CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, 300-anaerobic water outlet tank, 1-acidification tank water inlet pipe, 2-acidification tank stirrer, 3-scum external discharge pipe, 4-acidification tank blow-down pipe, 5-feed pump, 6-heat exchanger, 7-heat exchanger water outlet pipe, 8-heat exchanger water inlet pipe, 9-anaerobic circulating pump, 10-positive and negative pressure protector, 11-anaerobic tank stirrer, 12-gas detector, 13-biogas pipe, 14-anaerobic tank water outlet pipe, 15-anaerobic tank slag discharge pipe, 16-reflux pump, 17-total water outlet pipe and 18-anaerobic blow-down pipe.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, an anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste leachate includes a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, the front end of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 is connected with a hydrolysis acidification tank 100, the rear end of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with an anaerobic water outlet tank 300, a feed pump 5 is arranged on a connection pipeline between the hydrolysis acidification tank 100 and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, a connection part between the connection pipeline and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 is located at the lower part of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, and a connection end with the hydrolysis acidification tank 100 is located at the lower side of the hydrolysis acidification tank 100, the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 and the anaerobic water outlet tank 300 are connected through an anaerobic tank water outlet pipe 14 and an anaerobic tank slag discharge pipe 15, the anaerobic tank water outlet pipe 14 is located above the anaerobic tank slag discharge pipe 15, and the connection ends of the anaerobic tank water outlet pipe 14, the anaerobic tank slag discharge pipe 15 and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 are provided with a plurality of branch pipes; the hydrolysis acidification tank 100 is used for allocating kitchen waste wastewater and performing hydrolysis acidification at the front end, degrades some macromolecules and refractory organic matters in the food waste into micromolecule and easily biodegradable organic matters, can adjust the feeding load of the anaerobic fermentation tank, completes the acidification stage of organic matters in the allocation process of organic slurry, reduces the inhibition of organic acid on subsequent anaerobic fermentation, and can allocate the C/N and the pH of proper organic slurry according to the requirement of the anaerobic fermentation tank. The materials are blended and acidified and then enter an anaerobic fermentation tank; the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 carries out biological activity on kitchen waste wastewater subjected to conditioning, temperature regulation and acidification by utilizing organic pollutants in water through hydrolytic bacteria, acid-producing bacteria and methane-producing bacteria under a medium-temperature environment, wherein insoluble organic pollutants in the water are firstly decomposed into soluble macromolecular substances, then are decomposed into micromolecular organic acids, and finally are decomposed into micromolecular substances such as carbon dioxide, methane, water and the like, so that the pollutants are removed; the anaerobic water outlet tank 300 deposits a part of SS (suspended solid) in the kitchen waste wastewater subjected to front-end treatment by virtue of gravity, and upper-layer floating slag is discharged by a decanter to ensure the quality of the outlet water; secondly can play the buffering through going out the water pitcher, play the effect of adjusting rear end intaking.

Specifically, the hydrolysis acidification tank 100 is provided with an acidification tank water inlet pipe 1, an acidification tank stirrer 2, a scum external discharge pipe 3 and an acidification tank vent pipe 4, the acidification tank water inlet pipe 1 is positioned at the upper part of the side surface of the hydrolysis acidification tank 100, the acidification tank stirrer 2 is provided with a motor and a stirring rod, the motor is positioned at the top of the hydrolysis acidification tank 100, the stirring rod is in transmission connection with the motor and extends into the hydrolysis acidification tank 100, and the scum external discharge pipe 3 and the acidification tank vent pipe 4 are both positioned at the lower part of the side surface of the hydrolysis acidification tank 100; kitchen wastewater enters a hydrolysis acidification tank 100 through an acidification tank water inlet pipe 1, TSS sedimentation is prevented by stirring and homogenizing water quality and quantity through an acidification tank stirrer 2, solid slag is removed from a scum pit in the tank through a scum outer discharge pipe 3 after stirring is finished, bottom scaling and sedimentation are prevented, and a pipeline is further blocked, and after hydrolysis acidification is finished, the wastewater is transferred through the work of a feed pump 5 because the effective water level of a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 is higher than that of the hydrolysis acidification tank 100; and the emptying pipe 4 of the acidification tank is used for emptying the wastewater in the tank when the tank body is overhauled and maintained.

The CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 comprises an anaerobic tank stirrer and a biogas pipe 13, the anaerobic tank stirrer and the acidification tank stirrer 2 have the same structure and respectively comprise a motor and a stirring rod, the motor is positioned at the top of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, the stirring rod is in transmission connection with the motor and extends into the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, one end of the biogas pipe 13 is butted with the top of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 and is communicated with the inside of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, and the other end of the biogas pipe is butted with an external biogas collecting device; after wastewater enters the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, the wastewater and sludge are fully mixed through the operation of an anaerobic tank stirrer to be homogenized so as to prevent the sludge from generating sedimentation, biogas generated in the tank is conveyed to an external biogas collecting device by a biogas pipe 13 to be collected in a centralized way, the treated wastewater enters an anaerobic water outlet tank 300 from an anaerobic tank water outlet pipe 14 by means of gravity, and when scum appears on the upper liquid level of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, the scum is discharged by an anaerobic tank slag discharge pipe 15; the outside of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 is also connected with an anaerobic circulating pump 9, the input end of the anaerobic circulating pump 9 is connected with the upper part of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, the output end of the anaerobic circulating pump 9 is connected with the lower part of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, a certain upper flow speed is required to prevent layering when the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 normally runs, liquid circulation is carried out through the anaerobic circulating pump 9, and organic matters of waste water are more effectively degraded.

Simultaneously, still be connected with positive negative pressure protector 10 and gas detector 12 on the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, positive negative pressure protector 10 is used for guaranteeing that CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200's jar internal pressure maintains normally, prevents to appear the jar interior negative pressure and explode a jar phenomenon, and gas detector 12 is used for monitoring the concentration of the methane in the jar and hydrogen sulfide, in time exhausts.

The upper part of the side surface of the anaerobic water outlet tank 300 is provided with a main water outlet pipe 17, the lower part of the side surface of the anaerobic water outlet tank 300 is provided with an anaerobic emptying pipe 18, and a decanter is also arranged in the anaerobic water outlet tank 300; the waste water after being treated by the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 is deposited with a part of SS in the anaerobic water outlet tank 300, scum on the upper layer in the deposition process is discharged by a decanter, the water quality of the discharged water is ensured, the water discharging process is buffered by the anaerobic water outlet tank 300, the effect of adjusting the water inlet at the rear end is achieved, the total water outlet pipe 17 is used for discharging the treated waste water, and the anaerobic emptying pipe 18 is used for emptying the waste water in the tank body when the tank body is maintained.

Further, a reflux pump 16 is connected between the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 and the anaerobic water outlet tank 300, the reflux pump 16 is positioned below the anaerobic slag discharge pipe, the output end of the reflux pump 16 is connected with the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, and the input end of the reflux pump 16 is connected with the anaerobic water outlet tank 300; since the discharged water of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200 carries part of the sludge into the anaerobic water outlet tank 300, in order to ensure the sludge concentration of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, the reflux pump 16 is used for leading part of the sludge from the anaerobic water outlet tank 300 to reflux into the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200.

Meanwhile, a heat exchanger 6 is connected between the hydrolysis acidification tank 100 and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank 200, and a heat exchanger water outlet pipe 7 and a heat exchanger water inlet pipe 8 are arranged on two sides of the heat exchanger 6; because the temperature of the outlet water of the hydrolysis acidification tank 100 is more than 50 ℃ (the kitchen waste leachate is heated to 60-70 ℃ and then operates) and is higher than the 35-38 ℃ operating temperature of medium-temperature anaerobic treatment, the temperature of the waste water in the hydrolysis acidification tank 100 is reduced to about 35 ℃ by the heat exchanger 6, the subsequent treatment is convenient, and the loss of heat energy can be reduced.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An anaerobic fermentation system of kitchen waste leachate comprises a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200), it is characterized in that the front end of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200) is connected with a hydrolysis acidification tank (100), the rear end is connected with an anaerobic water outlet tank (300), a feed pump (5) is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the hydrolysis acidification tank (100) and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200), the connecting part of the connecting pipeline and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200) is positioned at the lower part of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200), the connecting end of the connecting pipeline and the hydrolysis acidification tank (100) is positioned at the lower side of the side surface of the hydrolysis acidification tank (100), the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200) and the anaerobic water outlet tank (300) are connected through an anaerobic tank water outlet pipe (14) and an anaerobic tank slag discharge pipe (15), the anaerobic tank water outlet pipe (14) is positioned above the anaerobic tank slag discharge pipe (15), the connecting ends of the anaerobic tank water outlet pipe (14), the anaerobic tank slag discharging pipe (15) and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200) are respectively provided with a plurality of branch pipes; and a heat exchanger (6) is also connected between the hydrolysis acidification tank (100) and the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200), and a heat exchanger water outlet pipe (7) and a heat exchanger water inlet pipe (8) are arranged on two sides of the heat exchanger (6).

2. The anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste leachate according to claim 1, wherein the hydrolysis acidification tank (100) is provided with an acidification tank water inlet pipe (1), an acidification tank stirrer (2), a scum external discharge pipe (3) and an acidification tank vent pipe (4), the acidification tank water inlet pipe (1) is positioned at the upper part of the side surface of the hydrolysis acidification tank (100), the acidification tank stirrer (2) is provided with a motor and a stirring rod, the motor is positioned at the top of the hydrolysis acidification tank (100), the stirring rod is in transmission connection with the motor and extends into the hydrolysis acidification tank (100), and the scum external discharge pipe (3) and the acidification tank vent pipe (4) are both positioned at the lower part of the side surface of the hydrolysis acidification tank (100).

3. The anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste leachate according to claim 2, wherein the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200) comprises an anaerobic tank stirrer and a biogas pipe (13), the anaerobic tank stirrer and the acidification tank stirrer (2) have the same structure and respectively comprise a motor and a stirring rod, the motor is positioned at the top of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200), the stirring rod is in transmission connection with the motor and extends into the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200), one end of the biogas pipe (13) is butted with the top of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200) and is communicated with the inside of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank, and the other end of the biogas pipe is butted with an external biogas collecting device; the outside of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200) is also connected with an anaerobic circulating pump (9), the input end of the anaerobic circulating pump (9) is connected with the upper part of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200), and the output end of the anaerobic circulating pump (9) is connected with the lower part of the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200).

4. The anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste leachate according to claim 3, wherein the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200) is further connected with a positive and negative pressure protector (10) and a gas detector (12).

5. The anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste leachate according to claim 3, wherein the anaerobic water outlet tank (300) is provided with a main water outlet pipe (17) at the upper part of the side surface thereof, an anaerobic emptying pipe (18) at the lower part thereof, and a decanter is further arranged in the anaerobic water outlet tank (300).

6. The anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste leachate according to claim 3, wherein a reflux pump (16) is further connected between the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200) and the anaerobic water outlet tank (300), the reflux pump (16) is located below the anaerobic residue discharge pipe, the output end of the reflux pump (16) is connected with the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank (200), and the input end of the reflux pump (16) is connected with the anaerobic water outlet tank (300).