CN217239745U - Microstrip line fed ionic liquid antenna - Google Patents
Microstrip line fed ionic liquid antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN217239745U CN217239745U CN202221299586.2U CN202221299586U CN217239745U CN 217239745 U CN217239745 U CN 217239745U CN 202221299586 U CN202221299586 U CN 202221299586U CN 217239745 U CN217239745 U CN 217239745U
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Abstract
The application relates to a microstrip line feed's ionic liquid antenna includes: the dielectric resonator is arranged on the base platform; the base station comprises a floor and a dielectric plate which are arranged in an overlapped mode, and the dielectric resonator is arranged on the floor; a coupling groove is formed in the base station corresponding to the dielectric resonator and penetrates through the floor and the dielectric plate; the bottom of the dielectric slab is provided with a microstrip line, and the microstrip line is intersected with the coupling slot; the dielectric resonator is a cylindrical structure with an opening at the top and a sealed bottom, and a hollow accommodating cavity is arranged in the dielectric resonator; the accommodating cavity is internally provided with ionic liquid to form a radiation source; further comprising: a coaxial probe; and the inner conductor of the coaxial probe penetrates through the base station and then extends into the ionic liquid, and the outer conductor of the coaxial probe penetrates through the dielectric plate and then is connected with the floor. The application can realize that the non-metal liquid antenna adopts microstrip line feed.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a microstrip line fed ionic liquid antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication systems, antennas are playing a crucial role in wireless communication systems as "eyes" of the wireless communication systems.
The liquid antenna is a novel antenna using a liquid material to replace a traditional metal material as a radiator, and because the liquid antenna does not contain a metal part except a feeding device, conductor loss which often limits the efficiency of the antenna hardly exists, and the liquid antenna attracts the interest of extensive researchers in manufacturing high-efficiency antennas.
According to different research objects and different emphasis points, the liquid antennas are mainly divided into liquid metal antennas and nonmetal liquid antennas at present. The liquid metal antenna mainly adopts mercury which is essentially high in conductivity and similar to the radiation mechanism of the traditional metal antenna; however, mercury is toxic, thereby limiting its widespread use. The non-metal liquid antenna mainly uses water (distilled water, pure water, tap water, seawater), oil and the like as radiation materials, and the non-metal liquid has great advantages in the aspects of cost, reconfigurability, miniaturization and the like of the antenna due to the characteristics of easiness in obtaining, flexibility in construction, environmental friendliness, high dielectric constant and the like, and results of research reports on the water antenna at home and abroad in recent years are continuously developed.
However, the existing nonmetal liquid antenna adopts coaxial feeding, manual welding operation is needed, the feeding mode is complicated, and the production efficiency is not high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a microstrip line fed ionic liquid antenna, which can realize microstrip line feeding for a non-metal liquid antenna, in order to solve the above technical problems.
A microstrip-line fed ionic liquid antenna comprising: the dielectric resonator is arranged on the base platform;
the base station comprises a floor and a dielectric plate which are arranged in an overlapped mode, and the dielectric resonator is arranged on the floor; a coupling groove is formed in the base station corresponding to the dielectric resonator and penetrates through the floor and the dielectric plate; the bottom of the dielectric plate is provided with a microstrip line which is intersected with the coupling slot;
the dielectric resonator is of a cylindrical structure with an opening at the top and a sealed bottom, and a hollow accommodating cavity is arranged in the dielectric resonator; and the accommodating cavity is internally provided with ionic liquid to form a radiation source.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a coaxial probe;
and the inner conductor of the coaxial probe penetrates through the base station and then extends into the ionic liquid, and the outer conductor of the coaxial probe penetrates through the dielectric plate and then is connected with the floor.
In one embodiment, the dielectric resonator has a cylindrical structure, the base platform has a square structure, and the coupling slot and the microstrip line both have rectangular structures;
the centers of the base station, the dielectric resonator, the coupling groove and the microstrip line are superposed.
In one embodiment, the center of the coaxial probe is located on a diagonal of the base station.
In one embodiment, the inner conductor of the coaxial probe abuts an inner wall of the dielectric resonator.
In one embodiment, the microstrip line is perpendicular to the coupling slot, and the microstrip line is perpendicular to one side of the base station.
In one embodiment, one end of the microstrip line coincides with the edge of the dielectric plate, and the length of the microstrip line is greater than one half of the edge length of the base station.
In one embodiment, the absolute value of the difference between the dielectric constants of the ionic liquid and the dielectric resonator is 1 or less.
In one embodiment, the ionic liquid is trihexyltetradecylphosphine chloride.
In one embodiment, the dielectric resonator is made of photosensitive resin.
According to the microstrip line feed ionic liquid antenna, the floor, the dielectric plate, the coupling groove and the microstrip line are arranged to form gap coupling feed, and the ionic liquid is selected as the radiation source, so that the microstrip line gap coupling feed ionic liquid antenna is realized, namely, the microstrip line feed can be realized for the nonmetal liquid antenna. The application is a novel liquid antenna, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a microstrip-line-fed ionic liquid antenna;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a microstrip line fed ionic liquid antenna configuration in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a structural top view of a microstrip line fed ionic liquid antenna in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the bandwidth of TM01 modulo S11 operating in the wimax frequency band in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of HEM11 modulo S11 bandwidth operating in the 5Gwifi band in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a TM01 mode XoZ planar radiation pattern operating in the wimax frequency band in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a TM01 mode XoY plane radiation pattern operating in the wimax frequency band in one embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a HEM11 mode XoZ planar radiation pattern operating in the 5Gwifi band in one embodiment;
fig. 9 is a HEM11 mode XoY planar radiation pattern operating in the 5 wifi frequency band in one embodiment.
Description of the drawings:
the device comprises a base platform 1, a floor 11, a dielectric plate 12, a coupling groove 13, a microstrip line 14, a dielectric resonator 2, ionic liquid 21, an inner conductor 22 and an outer conductor 23.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present application provides a microstrip line fed ionic liquid antenna, which includes, in an embodiment: a base 1 and a dielectric resonator 2 provided on the base 1;
the base station 1 comprises a floor 11 and a dielectric plate 12 which are arranged in an overlapped mode, and the dielectric resonator 2 is arranged on the floor 1; a coupling groove 13 is arranged on the base station 1 corresponding to the dielectric resonator 2, and the coupling groove 13 penetrates through the floor 11 and the dielectric plate 12; the bottom of the dielectric plate 12 is provided with a microstrip line 14, and the microstrip line 14 is intersected with the coupling slot 13;
the dielectric resonator 2 is a cylindrical structure with an opening at the top and a sealed bottom, and a hollow accommodating cavity is arranged in the dielectric resonator; an ionic liquid 21 is provided in the containment chamber to form a radiation source.
The present embodiment does not limit the shapes and sizes of the base and the dielectric resonator 2, and can be specifically designed according to actual requirements.
The floor 11 and the dielectric sheet 12 are identical in shape and size, and the floor 11 is provided above the dielectric sheet 12. The floor 11 is made of metal material, and the medium plate 12 is made of non-metal material, such as FR 4. Preferably, the dielectric plate is made of Rogers 5880, so that dielectric loss is small, and the gain of the antenna is improved.
The coupling slot 13 can be seen as a through hole through the submount, preferably the through hole is rectangular.
Preferably, the dielectric resonator 2 is further provided with an upper cover to avoid the ionic liquid from overflowing.
The ionic liquid is used as radiation material of liquid antenna, and trihexyl tetradecylphosphine chloride (TPC), 1-ethyl-3-methyldiocyanamide, ethyl acetate, acetone, acetonitrile or oil can be selected.
The liquid working range of the ionic liquid is large, so that the working performance of the ionic liquid is insensitive to temperature change; the conductivity is very low, and the material can be perfectly equivalent to a medium, and is an ideal material for generating a medium resonance mode; the loss tangent value is very small, the fluctuation range with the temperature and the frequency is small, and the radiation efficiency is high when the high-frequency band works. The ionic liquid has stable performance, can replace a radiation material of a water antenna, effectively avoids the defects that the loss of the conventional water antenna is sharply increased and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is reduced when the conventional water antenna works in a high-frequency band, and ensures that the antenna still keeps higher radiation efficiency in the high-frequency band.
Preferably, the ionic liquid selects TPC, the liquid working range of the ionic liquid is-69.8-350 ℃, the relative dielectric constant is about 3 at normal temperature and is kept stable along with frequency, the conductivity is about 0.00025S/m, the loss tangent is about 0.002, almost no conductivity exists, the ionic liquid is an ideal material for generating dielectric resonance, the liquid working range is large, the environmental adaptability is strong, the loss of the medium is hardly influenced along with the increase of the frequency, a lower value is still kept, the antenna efficiency is favorably realized, and the antenna is transparent and is favorably invisible.
An antenna is essentially a field-to-path converter that operates by collecting electromagnetic energy in space and converting it into guided waves that are then transmitted over a radio frequency cable to a wireless communication system for processing, or vice versa.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the floor, the dielectric plate, the coupling groove and the microstrip line jointly form gap coupling feed, electromagnetic waves are transmitted by the microstrip line and transmitted along the microstrip line, the floor generates resonance between the microstrip line and the floor, then the generated resonance electromagnetic energy is leaked to the dielectric resonator through the coupling groove, the dielectric resonator generates resonance, radiation is generated, and finally electromagnetic waves are radiated to the atmosphere. In addition, the floor also reflects the radiation generated by the dielectric resonator, and ensures that the radiation generated by the dielectric resonator is not transmitted downwards but reflected upwards; the microstrip line and the floor are separated by the dielectric substrate, so that the condition that resonance cannot be generated due to short circuit is avoided.
According to the microstrip line feed ionic liquid antenna, the floor, the dielectric plate, the coupling groove and the microstrip line are arranged to form gap coupling feed, and the ionic liquid is selected as the radiation source, so that the microstrip line gap coupling feed ionic liquid antenna is realized, namely, the microstrip line feed can be realized for the nonmetal liquid antenna. The application is a novel liquid antenna, and has wide application prospect.
In one embodiment, further comprising: a coaxial probe; the inner conductor 22 of the coaxial probe penetrates through the base station and then extends into the ionic liquid 21, and the outer conductor 23 of the coaxial probe penetrates through the dielectric plate 12 and then is connected with the floor 11.
In the embodiment, the ionic liquid antenna capable of realizing microstrip line feed and coaxial feed simultaneously adopts an antenna structure to realize the operation of a double-fed excitation dielectric resonator, solves the technical problem that one antenna only has one function in the prior art, realizes dual purposes of the antenna, and saves the production cost.
Preferably, the dielectric resonator 2 is of a cylindrical structure, the base platform is of a square structure, and the coupling slot and the microstrip line are both of rectangular structures; the centers of the base station, the dielectric resonator, the coupling groove and the microstrip line are superposed.
In the embodiment, the antenna works by adopting a double-fed excitation dielectric resonator, wherein microstrip line feeding is used for exciting a TM01 mode of the dielectric resonator and working in a wimax frequency band (2.5-2.7GHz), coaxial feeding is used for exciting an HEM11 mode of the dielectric resonator and working in a wifi frequency band (5.15-5.25GHz, 5.25-5.35GHz and 5.47-5.525 GHz). The two feeding modes respectively correspond to the two modes of the antenna, so that the mode reconfiguration is realized; the two modes correspond to two different working frequency bands, so that frequency reconfiguration is realized; the far-field directional diagrams corresponding to the two modes are different, so that the directional diagram can be reconstructed; therefore, the ionic liquid antenna with the reconfigurable mode, frequency and directional diagram is finally realized by using a double-feed mode, switching can be performed in wifi/wimax frequency bands, the realized antenna has dual purposes, cost saving is facilitated, and the ionic liquid antenna can be widely applied to communication equipment such as base stations, mobile phones and routers.
Further preferably, the center of the coaxial probe is provided on the diagonal line of the base 1, and the isolation between both ports can be improved.
Further preferably, the inner conductor 22 of the coaxial probe abuts against the inner wall of the dielectric resonator 2, so that the distance between the two feeding ports (microstrip line and coaxial probe) is relatively large, and the isolation between the two ports is further effectively improved.
In one embodiment, the microstrip line 14 is perpendicular to the coupling slot 13, and the microstrip line 14 is perpendicular to one side of the base station 1, so as to facilitate microstrip line feeding, and feed electromagnetic energy into the dielectric resonator 2 above the microstrip line.
In one embodiment, one end of the microstrip line 14 coincides with the side of the dielectric board 12, and the length of the microstrip line 14 is greater than one half of the side length of the base station, so as to facilitate feeding of the microstrip line 14, and the electromagnetic wave on the microstrip line 14 can pass through the coupling slot 13 and be introduced into the dielectric resonator 2 above.
In one embodiment, the absolute value of the difference between the dielectric constants of the ionic liquid 21 and the dielectric resonator 2 is 1 or less.
The arrangement can reduce adverse effects such as directional diagram distortion caused by back-and-forth reflection and refraction of electromagnetic waves between different media due to overlarge relative dielectric constant difference between the radiation medium (ionic liquid) and the container (medium) contained by the radiation medium to the maximum extent.
The smaller the difference between the dielectric constants, the better, and the dielectric constants of the ionic liquid and the dielectric resonator can be specifically set according to actual conditions.
Preferably, the ionic liquid 21 is trihexyltetradecylphosphine chloride, and the dielectric resonator is made of photosensitive resin. The relative dielectric constant of the ionic liquid is about 3, the relative dielectric constant of the photosensitive resin is about 3.2, and the dielectric constants of the ionic liquid and the photosensitive resin are close to each other.
In one embodiment, the dielectric resonator 2 is made of photosensitive resin.
The photosensitive resin has a small dielectric loss of about 0.02, and is acceptable as a material for designing an antenna. The photosensitive resin is formed by 3d printing technology and is also transparent, which is beneficial to further realizing the stealth of the antenna.
In a specific embodiment, the base platform, the floor and the dielectric plate are all in a square structure, the side length is 50mm, the thickness of the floor is 0.035mm, and the thickness of the dielectric plate is 1.575 mm; the coupling slot and the microstrip line are both rectangular structures, the length of the coupling slot is 29mm, the width of the coupling slot is 2mm, the length of the microstrip line is 55mm, the width of the microstrip line is 4.85mm, and the thickness of the microstrip line is 0.035 mm; the dielectric resonator is of a cylindrical structure, the radius is 30mm, the height is 50mm, and the wall thickness is 1.2 mm; the coaxial probe is 50 ohms, the distance from the coaxial probe to the center of the floor is 28.7mm, the radius of the inner conductor is 1.2mm, the length of the inner conductor is 50mm, the radius of the outer conductor is 4.2mm, and the length of the outer conductor is 9 mm; the centers of the base station, the coupling groove, the microstrip line and the dielectric resonator are superposed, the dielectric resonator is made of photosensitive resin, and the ionic liquid is trihexyltetradecyl phosphine chloride.
According to the method, electromagnetic full-wave simulation software CST is used for carrying out simulation analysis and optimization on the ionic liquid antenna fed by the microstrip line, and the performance of the ionic liquid antenna is researched and verified.
As shown in the bandwidth diagram of the wimax frequency band TM01 modulo S11 in FIG. 4, with frequency (in GHz) on the abscissa and S parameter (in dB) on the ordinate, it can be seen that the TM01 mode operating in the wimax frequency band (2.5-2.7GHz) has a bandwidth of 2.47-2.70GHz, covering the entire wimax frequency band.
As shown in the bandwidth diagram of 5Gwifi frequency band HEM11 mode S11 in FIG. 5, the abscissa is frequency (unit GHz) and the ordinate is S parameter (unit dB), it can be seen that the bandwidth of HEM11 mode operating in 5Gwifi frequency band (5.15-5.525GHz) is 4.21-6.35GHz, covering the whole 5Gwifi frequency band.
As shown in fig. 6-9 for XoZ plane and XoY plane radiation patterns of TM01 mode and HEM11 mode, it can be seen that the antenna radiation beam is broad with maximum gains of 6.645dBi @2.6GHz and 10.05dBi @5.2GHz, respectively.
In FIG. 6, the frequency is 2.6GHz, the mainlobe amplitude is 6.44dBi, the mainlobe direction is 2 °, the 3dB beamwidth is 69.6 °, and the sidelobe level is-8.4 dB.
In FIG. 7, the frequency is 2.6GHz, the mainlobe amplitude is-2.14 dBi, the mainlobe direction is 86 degrees, the 3dB beam width is 101.4 degrees, and the sidelobe level is-1.0 dB.
In FIG. 8, the frequency is 5.2GHz, the mainlobe amplitude is 4.15dBi, the mainlobe direction is 68 °, the 3dB beamwidth is 47.3 °, and the sidelobe level is-4.4 dB.
In FIG. 9, the frequency is 5.2GHz, the mainlobe amplitude is 5.97dBi, the mainlobe direction is 225 °, the 3dB beamwidth is 26.9 °, and the sidelobe level is-3.8 dB.
The ionic liquid antenna in the present application achieves the following properties:
bandwidth of one
1. The TM01 mode bandwidth working in the wimax frequency band (2.5-2.7GHz) is 2.47-2.70GHz, and covers the whole wimax frequency band.
2. The HEM11 mode bandwidth of the antenna working in a 5Gwifi frequency band (5.15-5.525GHz) is 4.21-6.35GHz, and the antenna covers the whole 5Gwifi frequency band.
Two, gain and efficiency
1. The TM01 mode gain of the antenna working in a wimax frequency band (2.5-2.7GHz) is 6.645dBi @2.6GHz, and the antenna efficiency is 93.8%.
2. The HEM11 mode gain of the antenna operating in a 5Gwifi frequency band (5.15-5.525GHz) is 10.05dBi @5.2GHz, and the antenna efficiency is 95.9%.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A microstrip line fed ionic liquid antenna, comprising: the dielectric resonator is arranged on the base platform;
the base station comprises a floor and a dielectric plate which are arranged in an overlapped mode, and the dielectric resonator is arranged on the floor; a coupling groove is formed in the base station corresponding to the dielectric resonator and penetrates through the floor and the dielectric plate; the bottom of the dielectric slab is provided with a microstrip line, and the microstrip line is intersected with the coupling slot;
the dielectric resonator is a cylindrical structure with an opening at the top and a sealed bottom, and a hollow accommodating cavity is arranged in the dielectric resonator; and the accommodating cavity is internally provided with ionic liquid to form a radiation source.
2. The ionic liquid antenna of claim 1, further comprising: a coaxial probe;
and the inner conductor of the coaxial probe penetrates through the base station and then extends into the ionic liquid, and the outer conductor of the coaxial probe penetrates through the dielectric plate and then is connected with the floor.
3. The ionic liquid antenna of claim 2, wherein the dielectric resonator is of a cylindrical structure, the base platform is of a square structure, and the coupling slot and the microstrip line are of rectangular structures;
the centers of the base station, the dielectric resonator, the coupling groove and the microstrip line are superposed.
4. The ionic liquid antenna of claim 3, wherein the center of the coaxial probe is located on a diagonal of the base station.
5. The ionic liquid antenna of claim 4, wherein the inner conductor of the coaxial probe abuts an inner wall of the dielectric resonator.
6. The ionic liquid antenna of any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the microstrip line is perpendicular to the coupling slot and the microstrip line is perpendicular to one side of the base platform.
7. The ionic liquid antenna according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein one end of the microstrip line coincides with an edge of the dielectric plate, and the length of the microstrip line is greater than one-half of the side length of the base platform.
8. The ionic liquid antenna of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the dielectric constants of the ionic liquid and the dielectric resonator is 1 or less.
9. The ionic liquid antenna of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ionic liquid is trihexyltetradecylphosphine chloride.
10. The ionic liquid antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the dielectric resonator is made of photosensitive resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221299586.2U CN217239745U (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Microstrip line fed ionic liquid antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202221299586.2U CN217239745U (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Microstrip line fed ionic liquid antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN217239745U true CN217239745U (en) | 2022-08-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202221299586.2U Active CN217239745U (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Microstrip line fed ionic liquid antenna |
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| CN (1) | CN217239745U (en) |
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