CN217238893U

CN217238893U - Horizontal labyrinth of smoke detector for battery pack

Info

Publication number: CN217238893U
Application number: CN202221056139.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗倩倩
Original assignee: Wuxi Institute of Commerce
Current assignee: Wuxi Institute of Commerce
Priority date: 2022-05-06
Filing date: 2022-05-06
Publication date: 2022-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 2032-05-06

Abstract

The invention provides a horizontal labyrinth of a smoke detector for a battery pack, which adopts a horizontal structure, has a light and thin volume, is convenient to install in the battery pack, adopts an optical structure combining forward and backward scattering of double-transmitting and single-receiving, improves the accuracy of black smoke detection, prevents missing report, comprises a PCB circuit board, and is characterized in that: the PCB circuit board is provided with a receiving tube, a first light-emitting tube and a second light-emitting tube, the receiving tube, the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube are arranged in parallel with the PCB circuit board, and the main optical axes of the receiving tube, the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube are also parallel with the PCB circuit board; the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube form a forward scattering structure, and the receiving tube and the second light-emitting tube form a backward scattering structure; the first light-emitting tube is an infrared light-emitting tube, and the second light-emitting tube is a blue light-emitting tube, a green light-emitting tube, a yellow light-emitting tube, a red light-emitting tube or an infrared light-emitting tube.

Description

Horizontal labyrinth of smoke detector for battery pack

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of smoke detectors, in particular to a horizontal labyrinth of a smoke detector for a battery pack.

Background

With the vigorous popularization and spread of new energy, modular battery packs are widely used in energy storage equipment and electric automobiles. The frequent occurrence of spontaneous combustion and explosion of the battery brings the safety problem of the battery into the routine. At present, the common practice in the industry is to use a battery management system, namely a BMS system, for monitoring, but still many accidents occur, mainly because the reason and conditions for generating the thermal runaway of the lithium battery are complicated, and the monitoring requirement of the thermal runaway of the battery cannot be met only by a method for monitoring the voltage, the current and the temperature of the battery. Typical thermal runaway of a battery is divided into several steps and features: gas is precipitated, the electrolyte is volatilized, smoke is started, and the gas may be ignited and smoke, and may explode. The type and concentration of evolved gases are related to the battery type, battery charge, and various environmental factors, but electrolyte evaporation and smoke generation are relatively constant and can be accurately detected by smoke detectors. Therefore, the detection of non-gas particles is very helpful for early warning, and once the early warning occurs, the main control platform can take measures to reduce the risk of further runaway, such as cutting off a power supply, cooling and even starting a fire-fighting system.

Aiming at the problem of monitoring the thermal runaway of the battery, the smoke detector can detect the state change of the battery in the electrolyte volatilization stage and the smoke stage in advance as a conventional fire detection means, so that the information is sent to a battery control system or a driving computer system, the thermal runaway state of the battery is effectively detected, early warning is carried out in advance, and a precautionary measure is taken. The difficulty of solving the thermal runaway fire problem of the lithium battery by the existing photoelectric smoke detector technology for fire fighting lies in the following points:

1) the existing smoke detector is large in size, and the space in the battery pack is narrow, so that the existing smoke detector cannot be directly installed in the battery pack;

2) although the traditional design of single-emission single-receiving forward scattering by adopting single infrared is simple and easy to use, the biggest problem is the problem of identifying water vapor and black smoke, and the water vapor and the black smoke can absorb infrared rays in a large quantity to cause the false alarm. And the electrolyte of water vapor or similar steam volatilizes in the normal use or thermal runaway process in the battery pack, and if normal monitoring can not be realized, the problem can be caused. In addition, the packaging material of the battery can also generate black smoke if the battery is burnt or smoldered, and the problem can be caused if the normal monitoring cannot be carried out;

3) the traditional single-transmitting single-receiving scheme has long optical path and insufficient detection sensitivity of the circuit, so that the sensitivity to rarefied smoke is reduced, however, the volatilization of electrolyte and the smoke generated in the early stage of battery thermal runaway are small, and if the problem can be detected as early as possible, the traditional scheme is very helpful for avoiding thermal runaway accidents, so that the traditional scheme is a great challenge;

4) the working temperature range of the smoke detector for indoor fire protection is generally in the range of minus 10 ℃ to plus 55 ℃, however, the smoke detector for indoor fire protection at least needs the temperature range of minus 40 ℃ to plus 85 ℃ in a scene of a lithium battery pack, and is even higher, so that the requirements on the stability and the reliability of an optical device are higher.

Therefore, designing a smoke detector for a battery pack to monitor the thermal runaway problem of the lithium battery needs to be uniformly considered and innovated according to the problem.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems mentioned above, the invention provides a horizontal labyrinth of a smoke detector for a battery pack, which adopts a horizontal structure, is light and thin in volume, is convenient to install in the battery pack, adopts an optical structure combining forward and backward scattering of double-emission and single-reception, improves the accuracy of black smoke detection, and prevents false alarm.

The technical scheme is as follows:

the utility model provides a horizontal maze of smoke detector for battery package, its includes the PCB circuit board, its characterized in that: the PCB circuit board is provided with a receiving tube, a first luminous tube and a second luminous tube, the receiving tube, the first luminous tube and the second luminous tube are arranged in parallel with the PCB circuit board, and the main optical axes of the receiving tube, the first luminous tube and the second luminous tube are also parallel with the PCB circuit board; the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube form a forward scattering structure, and the receiving tube and the second light-emitting tube form a backward scattering structure; the first light-emitting tube is a red light or infrared light-emitting tube, and the second light-emitting tube is a blue light or green light or yellow light or red light or infrared light-emitting tube.

Furthermore, a reflecting plate is arranged on a light path of the back scattering structure and used for reflecting light rays emitted by the second light-emitting tube into the receiving tube; the second light-emitting tube is a blue light or green light or yellow light or red light or infrared light-emitting tube. The reflective plate provides an artificial, forced reflective surface that provides a constant smoke-free background signal to the backscatter path, which can be self-calibrated and used to assist in black smoke, moisture and lean gas determination.

Furthermore, the horizontal labyrinth is characterized in that the main optical axis of the optical device is parallel to the PCB no matter the optical device is mounted in a surface-mounted mode or a contact pin mode, so that the height of the labyrinth depends on the height of the optical device mounted in the horizontal mode, the height of the labyrinth can be controlled within 15mm by selecting a proper device, and the typical value is 9 mm-12 mm.

Furthermore, the second light-emitting tube is positioned between the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube, and the second light-emitting tube, the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube are positioned in a 180-degree semicircle; the first light emitting tube and the receiving tube form forward scattering, the included angle alpha between the main shafts of the light paths is 120-160 degrees, the second light emitting tube and the receiving tube form backward scattering, and the included angle beta between the main shafts of the light paths is 20-60 degrees.

Furthermore, light path limiting mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the receiving tube, the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube. The light path limiting mechanisms ensure that the light path of the first light-emitting tube is not blocked, and ensure that the receiving tube has no scattered light signals when no smoke exists; the reflecting plate on the light path of the second light-emitting tube is not arranged on the light path formed by the first light-emitting tube and the light path limiting mechanism thereof, and the forward scattering optical path of the first light-emitting tube cannot be influenced.

Furthermore, the PCB is installed on the inner wall of the installation plane of the smoke detector in parallel or vertically. No matter which kind of mounting means, the optical line direction of giving out light with first luminotron and second luminotron is preferred to be towards the geocentric direction, is favorable to the dust in the maze or the condensation to discharge the maze under the action of gravity.

Furthermore, the second light-emitting tube is not installed, so that the maze becomes the most classical single-emitting single-receiving mode and is a front line scattering mode, and the vacant second light-emitting tube and the optical limiting mechanism thereof can be used as an extra smoke channel.

Furthermore, the intersection of the optical axes of the receiving tube, the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube is a detection area. The smoke inlet channel of the smoke detector therefore has two: the smoke detector comprises a detection area and an area below the detection area, and a smoke inlet passage penetrating through the smoke detector and penetrating through the detection area and perpendicular to a PCB (printed circuit board), so that smoke can enter the detection area of the smoke detector from multiple directions.

Furthermore, a partition board is horizontally arranged in the middle of the smoke detector shell, a PCB is arranged above the partition board, and an air inlet space and an air collecting space are arranged below the partition board. The baffle keeps apart the regional steam and condensation that admit air into the cigarette space with the top, effectively protects PCB circuit board and avoids steam to disturb.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the receiving tube, the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube are arranged in parallel with the PCB, and the main optical axes of the receiving tube, the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube are also parallel with the PCB, so that a thinner horizontal labyrinth structure design is realized.

2. According to the invention, the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube form a forward scattering structure, and the receiving tube and the second light-emitting tube form a backward scattering structure, so that a double-transmitting single-receiving forward and backward scattering combined optical structure is formed, the accuracy of black smoke detection is improved, and the false alarm is prevented.

3. The invention is provided with the reflecting plate on the light path of the back scattering structure, the reflecting plate reflects the light emitted by the second luminotron to the receiving tube, so that the back scattering has a constant background or background signal when no smoke exists, at the moment, if the situation of dense black smoke and vapor occurs, the background signal reduction amount is larger than the smoke back scattering signal increment due to the fact that the black smoke and the vapor greatly absorb the light source, so that the total received signal is reduced, at the moment, if the smoke is thin, the background signal reduction amount is possibly equivalent to the smoke back scattering signal increment, so that the total received signal is unchanged or slightly reduced, but the noise of the signal is higher than that of the situation of no smoke at the moment, because the noise of the smoke-free background signal only depends on the noise of the circuit, the signal fluctuation is increased when the smoke even thin smoke enters, the root mean square noise is increased, by this simple method, it is possible to judge the thin smoke.

4. According to the invention, the second light-emitting tube is positioned between the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube, and the second light-emitting tube, the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube are positioned in a 180-degree semicircle, so that the area and the volume are reduced, the volume of the smoke detector is further reduced, and the requirement of narrow space in the battery pack is met.

5. The second light-emitting tube and the light path limiting mechanism thereof can be used as an additional smoke channel by not installing the second light-emitting tube.

6. According to the invention, the PCB is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting plane of the smoke detector in parallel or is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the mounting plane of the smoke detector, and no matter which mounting mode is adopted, the optical emitting directions of the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube are preferentially towards the geocentric direction, so that dust or condensation in the labyrinth can be discharged out of the labyrinth under the action of gravity.

7. The smoke detector is characterized in that a partition plate is horizontally arranged in the middle of a smoke detector shell, a PCB is arranged above the partition plate, and an air inlet space and an air collecting space are arranged below the partition plate. The baffle keeps apart the regional steam and condensation that admit air into the cigarette space with the top, effectively protects the PCB circuit board and avoids steam to disturb.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first horizontal maze and its optical layout according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second horizontal maze and its optical layout;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the PCB assembly of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a side view of fig. 3.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The conditions in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to specific conditions, and simple modifications of the method of the present invention based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of the claimed invention.

Conventional standard photoelectric smoke detectors generally require a functional component called a labyrinth, which generally serves three purposes: firstly, external ambient light is prevented from interfering the photoelectric device, particularly a receiving tube; secondly, a constant optical cavity is provided, and the reflection of internal light rays is eliminated or limited within a certain range; third, the smoke is allowed to enter and exit the maze and is collected in the sensitive area of smoke. The maze is usually the core part of the smoke detector, and the quality of its design determines the performance of the smoke detector to a certain extent, and is also the field of the important research of each big smoke detector manufacturer. Standard photoelectric smoke detectors also have a component called an insect net, which, as the name implies, is a net-like component that prevents insects from entering the maze, possibly integrated with the maze or possibly designed as a separate component. However, the space in the battery pack belongs to a closed space or a semi-closed space, the environment is relatively pure, no ambient light interference exists, no insects enter, and even if the interference of ambient light, insects and the like exists, the interference can be avoided through the mechanical structure of the outer package, so that the labyrinth design can be simplified. And the internal space of the battery is small, once smoke is generated, the whole space can be rapidly filled, so that special treatment aiming at the diversion and the accumulation of the smoke like the traditional smoke detector labyrinth is not needed. This does not mean that the labyrinth design of the smoke detector for battery thermal runaway protection is simpler, since its detection performance needs to be guaranteed in a volume-limited situation.

The size of the smoke detector depends on the specification of the battery pack cell, the smoke detector can be installed in parallel with the battery cell or in vertical direction, but in any case, one dimension is required to be as small as possible so as to reduce the whole volume. The specification and size of the power storage battery product for the electric automobile of the national standard GB/T34013-2017 stipulate the specification and size of various storage battery monomers for the power of the electric automobile. The diameter of each type of cylindrical battery is 18 mm-32 mm, and the height of each type of cylindrical battery is 65 mm-134 mm; the three-dimensional size 1 of each type of square battery is 12 mm-86 mm, the size 2 is 65 mm-217 mm, and the size 3 is 80 mm-396 mm; the three-dimensional size 1 of each model of soft package battery is not marked, and can be seen to be thinner, the size 2 is between 100mm and 228mm, and the size 3 is between 85mm and 342 mm. Tesla uses a traditional 18650, newer 21700, and newest 4680 cell, all cylindrical cells, with 21700 cells being 21mm in diameter and 70mm in height, for the same reasons; the latest blade battery of BYD, namely the scheme of the long battery core, increases the length of the battery core to the size of the battery pack, and the battery core can be inserted into the battery pack very thin, so that the energy density and the heat dissipation level of the battery pack are improved. Considering the factors of series and parallel connection between the battery cells, a battery management circuit of the battery pack, a protective casing mechanism of the battery pack, and the like, the size of the smoke detector for the battery pack needs to be as small as possible, and at least in one dimension, the smoke detector needs to be as small as possible to facilitate installation. Therefore, if the smoke detector can be made small in size, particularly in one direction, this can help reduce the volume utilization of the battery pack and improve the energy density, and also can help in the mechanism assembly. In combination with the size of a battery cell and the size of a related non-smoke detector, the size of a total smoke detector module in at least one direction of a 3D structure needs to be smaller as better, and considering the problems of mechanical assembly, part thickness and the like, the whole control is within 20mm (the typical value is 15-18 mm), so that the whole smoke detector module is convenient to use, and the net height of a labyrinth device is controlled within 15mm (the typical value is 9-12 mm).

The invention provides a horizontal labyrinth of a smoke detector for a battery pack, which comprises a PCB circuit board, wherein a receiving tube, a first luminous tube and a second luminous tube are arranged on the PCB circuit board, the receiving tube, the first luminous tube and the second luminous tube are arranged in parallel with the PCB circuit board, and the main optical axes of the receiving tube, the first luminous tube and the second luminous tube are also parallel with the PCB circuit board. Above-mentioned realize thinner horizontal labyrinth structural design, because smoke detector highly depends on the height of device on the PCB circuit board, and then make smoke detector can be thin in at least one dimension to satisfy the demand in the inside narrow and small space of battery package.

The receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube form a forward scattering structure, and the receiving tube and the second light-emitting tube form a backward scattering structure, so that a double-emitting single-receiving forward and backward scattering combined optical structure is formed, the accuracy of black smoke detection is improved, and the false alarm is prevented.

One embodiment as shown in fig. 1: the pins 101 of the first light-emitting tube 11, the pins 102 of the second light-emitting tube 12 and the pins 201 of the receiving tube 2 attach corresponding devices to the PCB 4, the pins are schematic, preferably a surface mount device for convenient installation, and if not, preferably a small-sized pin device, and the pins of the device are bent and attached to the PCB 4. The PCB 4 is typically mounted on both sides, with the optical components being mounted on one side of the figure separately and the non-optical components being mounted on the other side, and connectors (not shown in fig. 1) may be mounted on either side, depending on the mechanical height, with screw holes 6 in the PCB 4 being used to secure the PCB 4 to the corresponding machine components. The main optical axis of the first light-emitting tube 11 is denoted as a, the main optical axis of the second light-emitting tube 12 is denoted as c, and the main optical axis of the receiving tube 2 is denoted as b. An included angle formed by the main optical axis a of the first light-emitting tube 11 and the main optical axis b of the receiving tube 2 is marked as α, and an included angle formed by the main optical axis c of the second light-emitting tube 12 and the main optical axis b of the receiving tube 2 is marked as β. In the optical design, three main optical axes are preferably intersected at one point, a spherical detection area 5 is formed by taking the point as a center of a circle, namely the scattering of smoke in the area can be detected, and an area, which is overlapped with the detection area 5, on the PCB 4 needs to be hollowed. The first light emitting tube 11 preferably has a long wavelength band such as infrared wave or red light, the second light emitting tube 12 preferably has a short wavelength such as blue light, and if the blue light has poor consistency, other wavelength bands such as green light, yellow light, red light and infrared light can be selected, but the wavelength band of the second light emitting tube 12 is not larger than that of the first light emitting tube 11.

The scheme is further improved, a reflecting plate is arranged on a light path of the back scattering structure, and the reflecting plate is used for emitting the second lightThe light emitted by the light pipe is partially reflected into the receiving pipe. The reflection background value is set to be 10% -50% of the signal range of the receiving channel, a fixed smokeless background signal is provided for a receiving channel, and a smoke signal fluctuates on the background signal. The structure ensures that the backscattering has a constant background or background signal when no smoke exists, and if the situation of thick black smoke and water vapor occurs, the background signal reduction amount is larger than the smoke backscattering signal increment due to the fact that the black smoke and the water vapor greatly absorb the light source, so that the total received signal is reduced; in the case of thin smoke, the amount of background signal reduction may be equivalent to the smoke back scattering signal increment, resulting in the total received signal being unchanged or slightly reduced, but the noise of the signal is higher than that of the smoke-free case, and the specific method for calculating the noise may be the rms noise method, i.e. the rms noise of the past n data is calculated, assuming that the acquired signal X is expressed as X = [ X ] X ₁ ,x ₂ ,⋯,x _i ,⋯,x _n ]I is 1-n, n is 3, n is the number of samples in the past 1-15 seconds. The noise of the smokeless background signal only depends on the noise of the circuit, and the signal fluctuation becomes larger when smoke even thin smoke enters, which is reflected in that the root mean square noise becomes larger, and the thin smoke can be judged by the simple method. The same approach is not applicable to the first reflection tube because the signal of the rarefied smoke may be cut off below the noise floor of the data sampling circuit and thus difficult to detect.

One embodiment as shown in fig. 2: the second light-emitting tube 12 is a red light or infrared light emitting tube, preferably an infrared tube the same as the first light-emitting tube 11, the reflective plate 314 is used for reflecting the emitted light of the second light-emitting tube 12 to the receiving tube 2 to a certain extent, the existence of the reflective plate 314 does not interfere with the optical path between the first light-emitting tube 11 and the receiving tube 2, only a part of the light of the second light-emitting tube 12 is reflected to the receiving tube 2, the reflective plate 314 is required to have the intensity of the emitted light reaching the receiving range of 10% -50% of the receiving tube, and the reflective plate 314 only provides a reflection function, is equivalent to a background signal in practical use and can be calibrated, so the process requirement is not high, and the reflective plate 314 can be connected with other machine components or a smoke detector side wall mechanism. Therefore, when the second light-emitting tube 12 is lit, a constant light is reflected by the reflecting plate 314 to the receiving tube 2 regardless of whether smoke is present or not, and the light ray e in fig. 2 is emitted from the second light-emitting tube 12, reflected by the reflecting plate 314, and then irradiated to the receiving tube 2. When the first light-emitting tube 11 is lit, the receiving tube 2 does not have any signal if no smoke is entering. The first light-emitting tube 11 and the receiving tube 2 thus form a forward scattering system, which is still classical, and preferably infrared light provides better temperature uniformity; the back scattering formed by the two light-emitting tubes 12 and the receiving tube 2 is different from the classical design, the emitting plate 314 is artificially added, the second light-emitting tube 12 is a red light or infrared light emitting tube, the temperature drift and the stability of the red light or infrared light emitting tube are better, the second light-emitting tube and the first light-emitting tube can share the same power supply, and a power supply can be reduced compared with the blue light-emitting tube, because the blue light-emitting tube needs higher driving voltage under the same driving current. The above-mentioned structure forms a dual-combination judgment mode, the forward scattering structure formed by the first light-emitting tube 11 and the receiving tube 2 is used for routine detection, and the backward scattering structure with constant reflection formed by the second light-emitting tube 12, the receiving tube 2 and the reflecting plate 314 provides a stable method for detecting black smoke, water vapor and thin smoke.

The embodiments shown in fig. 1 and 2 are both: the second light-emitting tube is positioned between the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube, and the second light-emitting tube, the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube are positioned in a 180-degree semicircle; the first light emitting tube and the receiving tube form forward scattering, the included angle alpha between the main shafts of the light paths is 120-160 degrees, which is equivalent to the scattering angle of 20-60 degrees, the second light emitting tube and the receiving tube form backward scattering, and the included angle beta between the main shafts of the light paths is 20-60 degrees, which is equivalent to the scattering angle of 120-160 degrees. Above-mentioned structure has reduced the area and the volume of optical device overall arrangement, further does the volume of smoke detector for a short time, satisfies the demand in the inside narrow and small space of battery package.

And light path limiting mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the receiving tube, the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube. Therefore, the light emitted by the first light emitting tube can not be reflected to the receiving tube through the internal mechanism when no smoke exists, and scattered light generated by smoke particles can irradiate the receiving tube when smoke exists; the light emitted by the second luminotron can be transmitted back to the receiving tube through the reflecting plate to form a background signal when no smoke exists, and the scattering generated by smoke particles and the background signal change simultaneously when smoke exists. The embodiments shown in fig. 1 and 2 are both: the first light emitting tube 11 has

mechanisms

304 and 305 for limiting its optical angle on both sides, the second light emitting tube 12 has

mechanisms

306 and 307 for limiting its optical angle on both sides, and the receiving tube 2 has

mechanisms

308 and 309 for limiting its receiving angle on both sides; the classical design idea is that the first light-emitting tube 11 and its optical limiting

mechanisms

304 and 305 do not interfere with other mechanisms in the light-emitting angle, especially the

mechanisms

308 and 309 are not in the light-emitting angle, so as to avoid the light of the first light-emitting tube 11 directly shining and reflecting into the receiving tube 2; similarly, there is no interference from other mechanisms in the light-emitting angle formed by second light-emitting tube 12 and its optical limiting

mechanisms

306 and 307, especially

mechanisms

308 and 309, so as to avoid the light from second light-emitting tube 12 directly irradiating or reflecting into receiving tube 2. The

mechanical components

304, 305, 306, 307, 308 and 309 are schematic diagrams, and are preferably injection-molded with plastic components such as a smoke detector housing to form an integral component, which is beneficial to improving mechanical strength and shock resistance, taking the

mechanical components

304 and 305 as an example, the function of the mechanical components is to limit the optical emission angle range of the first light-emitting tube 11, so that the specific design can be that the mechanical components are tightly attached to the optical device, and can also be that the mechanical components are E-shaped or comb-shaped towards the inner wall of the photoelectric device, which belongs to the conventional practice in the art and is not described in detail.

The PCB circuit board is also provided with N luminous tubes, the N luminous tubes respectively form a forward scattering structure or a backward scattering structure with the receiving tube, and N is a natural number. The first reflected light, the second transmitting tube and the receiving tube can also be integrated all-in-one devices, so the scheme is not limited to the layout of the optical devices with double transmitting and single receiving.

Smoke detectors are of extremely simple design, with fewer housings and mechanical components being preferred. Fig. 3 is first a schematic view of the installation of the PCB circuit board 4 of fig. 1 and 2, the PCB circuit board 4 having two installation modes: either parallel to the mounting plane (fig. 3- (a)) or perpendicular to the mounting plane (fig. 3- (b)). The preferred mode is parallel installation on the inner wall of smoke detector's mounting plane and with the optics towards the earth's center direction, and its beneficial effect has two: firstly, the height of the smoke detector relative to the installation plane depends on the height of the optical device, so that the smoke detector can be made to be thin; and the optical device faces or deflects to the center of the earth, so that the water vapor and the condensation can be discharged.

Further, fig. 3 is two embodiments of the whole smoke detector: the main body of the smoke detector is limited in a cuboid range formed by the length L, the width W and the height H, one face of the main body is selected as a mounting plane, a mounting hole 10 is formed in the extension plane of the mounting plane and used for fixing the smoke detector at a certain position of a battery pack, and the mounting hole 10 can be placed in four directions according to mounting requirements.

Fig. 3- (a) is a mode in which the PCB circuit board 4 is mounted parallel to a mounting plane, the PCB circuit board 4 is fixed to the mounting plane using screws, and the right side of the PCB circuit board 4 has a connector 41 for communicating with a car or BMS system, which is a connector of a car standard. The height of the entire PCB 4 is therefore dependent on the height of the optics, and according to the above selection and considering the thickness of the mechanism, the height of the smoke detector labyrinth can be limited to within 15mm, typically 9mm to 12 mm. The actual height of the smoke detector may also depend on the connector height, considering the larger size of the gauge connector, but the overall height must be less than 20mm, which may be around 16mm if MOLEX connector 347933330800 is selected, since the connector itself, with the circuit board and pins, is 13mm high, making a smaller connector possible. Considering the arrangement of the connector and the device, the length L of the smoke detector can be controlled within 70mm, and the typical value is 50 mm-60 mm; if the upper and lower width of the PCB 4 is controlled within 30mm, the width W of the main body of the smoke detector can be controlled within 70mm, and the typical value is 40 mm-50 mm. The PCB 4 is fixed on the installation plane, and the optical part of the PCB faces the direction of the earth center, so that condensation and dust can be discharged, and measurement errors caused by accumulation on an optical device can be avoided. The part which penetrates through the detection area 5 and is vertical to the PCB 4 can be a smoke inlet passage which is communicated with the front and the back of the smoke detector, and a louver-shaped air-permeable and light-proof structure is adopted at the outer shell of the smoke detector. The connector 41 is located on the PCB 4 and exposed to the housing on one side. The smoke detector is provided with an upper cover plate 81, the middle partition plate 85 divides the smoke detector main body into an upper part and a lower part, the detection area 5 is provided with a hole, the lower part is an air inlet and air collecting space, the upper part is a circuit board and a device space, and the mechanism is damp-proof to prevent condensation from flowing into the circuit area. The shell of the partition plate 85, the upper half of which is positioned at the left and right sides of the circuit board and is vertical to the circuit board, is a shell 82 and a shell 83, and the shell of which the front side is parallel to the circuit board is a shell 88; the housing corresponding to the lower half of the partition plate 85 is a housing 87, a housing 86, and a housing 89; the lower housing of the module is housing 84. These housing assemblies are only indicated for the purpose of description, and the actual product needs to combine one or more mechanisms into a whole by reducing the number of machine components as much as possible in combination with specific designs, which contributes to improving the vibration reliability of the mechanisms and facilitates assembly.

Fig. 3- (b) shows a mode in which the PCB circuit board 4 is mounted perpendicular to the mounting plane, the PCB circuit board 4 is fixed to the middle partition 85 using screws, and the right side of the PCB circuit board 4 has a connector 41 for communicating with a car or BMS system, which is a connector of a car standard. The difference from the hole opening mode of fig. 3- (a) is that the circuit board is rotated. The part which penetrates through the detection area 5 and is vertical to the PCB 4 can be a smoke inlet passage which is communicated with the front upper part and the rear lower part of the smoke detector, and a louver-shaped air-permeable light-proof structure is adopted at the outer shell of the smoke detector. The connector 41 is located on the PCB 4 and exposed to the housing on one side. The smoke detector is provided with an upper cover plate 81, a middle partition plate 85 divides the smoke detector main body into an upper part and a lower part, a detection area 5 is provided with a hole, the lower part is an air inlet and air collection space, the upper part is a PCB (printed circuit board) 4 and a device space, and the mechanism is damp-proof to prevent condensation from flowing into a circuit area. The shell of the partition plate 85, the upper half of which is positioned at the left side and the right side of the circuit board and is vertical to the circuit board, is a shell 82 and a shell 83, and the shell of which the front side is vertical to the circuit board is a shell 88; the housings corresponding to the lower half of the partition plate 85 are a casing 87, a casing 86, and a casing 89; the lower housing of the module is housing 84. One or more of the lower shell housing 87, housing 86, housing 89 and housing 84 of the partition 85 may be designed as a louvered air permeable, light impermeable structure to aid in the introduction of flue gas and to aid in the draining and dewing of the flue gas under the influence of gravity.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the optical arrangement and circuit board of fig. 1 and 2 with the smoke detector housing added, wherein fig. 4- (a) corresponds to fig. 1 and 3- (a) and fig. 4- (b) corresponds to fig. 2 and 3- (a).

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a horizontal maze of smoke detector for battery package which includes PCB circuit board, its characterized in that: the PCB circuit board is provided with a receiving tube, a first light-emitting tube and a second light-emitting tube, the receiving tube, the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube are arranged in parallel with the PCB circuit board, and the main optical axes of the receiving tube, the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube are also parallel with the PCB circuit board; the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube form a forward scattering structure, and the receiving tube and the second light-emitting tube form a backward scattering structure; the first light-emitting tube is an infrared light-emitting tube, and the second light-emitting tube is a blue light-emitting tube, a green light-emitting tube, a yellow light-emitting tube, a red light-emitting tube or an infrared light-emitting tube.

2. The horizontal labyrinth of smoke detectors for battery packs as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a reflecting plate is arranged on the light path of the back scattering structure and used for reflecting the light rays emitted by the second light emitting tube into the receiving tube.

3. A smoke detector horizontal maze for a battery pack as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the second light-emitting tube is positioned between the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube, and the second light-emitting tube, the receiving tube and the first light-emitting tube are positioned in a 180-degree semicircle; the first light emitting tube and the receiving tube form forward scattering, the included angle alpha between the main shafts of the light paths is 120-160 degrees, the second light emitting tube and the receiving tube form backward scattering, and the included angle beta between the main shafts of the light paths is 20-60 degrees.

4. A smoke detector horizontal maze for a battery pack as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and light path limiting mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the receiving tube, the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube.

5. A smoke detector horizontal maze for a battery pack as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the PCB is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting plane of the smoke detector in parallel or is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the mounting plane of the smoke detector, and the optical emission directions of the first light-emitting tube and the second light-emitting tube face to the geocentric direction.

6. A smoke detector horizontal maze for a battery pack as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the second light emitting tube is not installed.

7. A smoke detector horizontal maze for a battery pack as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the crossing department of the optical axis of receiver tube, first luminotron and second luminotron is the detection area, and smoke detector's the passageway that advances cigarette is provided with two: the smoke detector comprises a detection area and an area below the detection area, and a smoke inlet passage which penetrates through the detection area and is perpendicular to the PCB.

8. A smoke detector horizontal maze for a battery pack as recited in claim 1 or 2, wherein: a partition board is horizontally arranged in the middle of the smoke detector shell, a PCB is arranged above the partition board, and an air inlet space and an air collecting space are arranged below the partition board.