Background art:
at the present stage, with the development of the power internet of things, the power communication network is more and more complex, the data transmission amount is more and more large, and the traditional cable cannot meet the requirement. At present, the length of an electric power optical cable laid in China exceeds 150 ten thousand kilometers, a local network and an access network account for about two thirds of the length of one million kilometers, a long-distance trunk line is about 30 ten thousand kilometers, and the stable operation of an electric power communication network is very important to guarantee. In order to ensure that the optical fiber line transmits information quickly, stably and reliably, the optical fiber line must be monitored and maintained.
The instrument for detecting the Optical fiber in the market at present is an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer, which injects an Optical pulse into the Optical fiber as a detection signal to detect, position and measure special events on the Optical fiber, such as connectors, adapters, Optical fiber bending, breaking and the like in the Optical fiber can change the internal Optical transmission characteristics of the Optical fiber, and the amplitude and the arrival Time of backward scattered light at the input end of the Optical fiber are detected through an Optical coupler and a photoelectric detector, so that the length of the Optical fiber and the position of a fault thereof can be well measured, and the transmission of information on the Optical fiber is ensured.
Because the OTDR technique can only detect out the fault point to the optical fiber length of check point, but electric power optical cable lays in the reality very complicacy, our country person is vast, the topography of covering is abundant, geographical environment is complicated, thereby lead to laying of electric power optical cable to be decided according to actual conditions, because the reason of cable expend with heat and contract with cold, built on stilts electric power optical cable does not straighten and erects between two shaft towers, but has certain radian, it also can change the trend according to actual geographical position to bury ground optical cable, the fine and surplus cable of dish all can exist in computer lab and the fine box of dish. Therefore, the actual position distance of the optical fiber fault point is not equal to the distance measured by an instrument, the fault point cannot be accurately positioned, great troubles are brought to operation and maintenance, and the reason is that a plurality of faults delay rush repair. At present, the method mainly solving the problem is to apply the GIS technology to OTDR, perform data analysis by using the powerful spatial analysis capability and management capability of the GIS technology, establish a power optical fiber fault location and information management system, and improve the location precision of the power optical fiber fault, but the processing process of the optical wave in the prior art is complicated.
The utility model has the following contents:
not enough to prior art exists, the utility model provides a power communication optical cable fault locating device can help improving the portability of the location of secret optic fibre trouble actual position, and the principle is simple, and it is convenient to realize.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
a power communication optical cable fault positioning device comprises a laser driving circuit 2, a detection laser 31, a broadband light source 32, a wavelength division multiplexer 4, a coupler 5, a positioning grating 6, a first demodulation grating 71, a second demodulation grating 72, a first circulator 81, a second circulator 82, a first photoelectric detection module 91, a second photoelectric detection module 92, a third photoelectric detection module 93, an A/D conversion module 10 and an optical cable 11,
the two output electrical interfaces of the laser driving circuit 2 are respectively connected with the two input electrical interfaces of the detection laser 31 and the broadband light source 32; an optical port 4a, an optical port 4b and an optical port 4c of the wavelength division multiplexer 4 are respectively connected with an output optical port of the detection laser 31, an output optical port of the broadband light source 32 and an optical port 5a of the coupler 5; the optical ports 5b and 5c of the coupler 5 are respectively connected with the optical cable 11 and the optical port 8a of the first circulator 81; the optical ports 81b and 81c of the first circulator 81 are connected to the optical ports of the first demodulation grating 71 and the optical port 82a of the second circulator 82, respectively; the optical ports 82b and 82c of the second circulator 82 are respectively connected to the optical port of the second demodulation grating 72 and the input optical port of the third photodetection module 93; the other optical port of the first demodulation grating 71 is connected to the input optical port of the first photodetection module 91; the other optical port of the second demodulation grating 72 is connected to the input optical port of the second photodetection module 92; three input interfaces of the a/D conversion module 10 are respectively connected to output electrical ports of the first photoelectric detection module 91, the second photoelectric detection module 92, and the third photoelectric detection module 93.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the emitted light wavelength of the detection laser 31 is not within the light wavelength range of the broadband light source 32, and the wavelength division multiplexer 4 couples the two light wave signals of the detection laser 31 and the broadband light source 32 to an optical fiber.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the optical cable 11 in, concatenate a set of positioning grating 6, there are two gratings with different reflection wavelengths on each set of positioning grating 6.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the first demodulation grating 71 has two gratings with different reflection wavelengths, and the central wavelength of the two gratings is the same as the central wavelength of the positioning grating 6; the second demodulation grating 72 has a grating whose center wavelength is the same as one of the gratings where the grating 6 is to be located.
As a further aspect of the present invention, the first photoelectric detection module 91 receives a back scattering signal of the light wave emitted from the detection laser 31 on the optical cable 11; the second photoelectric detection module 92 receives a back scattering signal of the emitted light wave of the broadband light source 32 on the optical cable 11 and a reflection signal of a first grating of the positioning grating 6; the third photo-detection module 93 receives the back-scattered signal of the emitted light wave of the broadband light source 32 on the optical cable 11 and the reflected signal of the second grating of the positioning grating 6.
As a further solution of the present invention, the first photodetection module 91, the second photodetection module 92 and the third photodetection module 93 have the same structure; the first circulator 81 and the second circulator 82 are identical in structure.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the device can help to improve the portability of positioning of the actual position of the underground optical fiber fault, and is simple in principle and convenient to realize.
To illustrate the structural features and functions of the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings and the accompanying knowledge, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the fault location device for the power communication optical cable comprises an output electrical port 1a of a processor 1 and an input electrical port of a laser driving circuit 2, wherein the output electrical port is connected with the input electrical port; two output electrical interfaces of the laser driving circuit 2 are respectively connected with two input electrical interfaces of the detection laser 31 and the broadband light source 32; the optical ports 4a, 4b and 4c of the wavelength division multiplexer 4 are respectively connected with the output optical port of the detection laser 31, the output optical port of the broadband light source 32 and the optical port 5a of the coupler 5; the optical ports 5b and 5c of the coupler 5 are connected to the optical cable 11 and the optical port 81a of the first circulator 81, respectively; the optical ports 81b and 81c of the first circulator 81 are connected to the optical port of the first demodulation grating 71 and the optical port 82a of the second circulator 82, respectively; the optical ports 82b and 82c of the second circulator 82 are respectively connected with the optical port of the second demodulation grating 72 and the input optical port of the third photodetection module 93; the other optical port of the first demodulation grating 71 is connected to the input optical port of the first photodetection module 91; the other optical port of the second demodulation grating 72 is connected to the input optical port of the second photodetection module 92; three input interfaces and one output interface of the a/D conversion module 10 are respectively connected to the output electrical ports of the first photoelectric detection module 91, the second photoelectric detection module 92, the third photoelectric detection module 93, and the input electrical port 1b of the processor 1.
Preferably, the wavelength of the emitted light of the detection laser 31 is not within the range of the wavelength of the broadband light source 32, and the wavelength division multiplexer 4 couples the two optical signals of the detection laser 31 and the broadband light source 32 into one optical fiber.
As a preferred example, as shown in fig. 2, in the optical cable 1, a group of positioning gratings 6 is connected in series to each geographic node, each group of positioning gratings 6 has two gratings with different reflection wavelengths, the reflectivity of each positioning grating 6 is less than 20%, the ratio of the reflectivity of the two gratings of different positioning gratings 6 is different, the uniqueness of each positioning grating 6 is ensured, and the central wavelength of the reflected light wave is within the wavelength range of the light wave output by the broadband light source 32, so that weak reflection of the output light signal of the broadband light source 32 is realized. While the light emitted by the detection laser 31 can pass through the positioning grating 6 without loss.
As a preferable example, the first demodulation grating 71 has two gratings with different reflection wavelengths, the center wavelength of the two gratings is the same as the center wavelength of the positioning grating 6, the reflectivities of the two gratings are 100%, the light wave is completely reflected, and the light wave is sent into the second circulator 82 through the first circulator 81; the second demodulation grating 72 has a grating whose center wavelength is the same as one of the gratings of the positioning grating 6, and whose reflectivity is 100%, and after the light wave is completely reflected, it is sent to the third photodetection module 93 through the second circulator 82.
As a preferred example, the first photoelectric detection module 91 receives a back scattering signal of the light wave emitted by the detection laser 31 on the optical cable 11; the second photoelectric detection module 92 receives a back scattering signal of the emitted light wave of the broadband light source 32 on the optical cable 11 and a reflection signal of a first grating of the positioning grating 6; the third photo-detection module 93 receives the back-scattered signal of the emitted light wave of the broadband light source 32 on the optical cable 11 and the reflected signal of the second grating of the positioning grating 6.
As a preferred example, the first photo-detection module 91, the second photo-detection module 92 and the third photo-detection module 93 have the same structure; the first circulator 81 and the second circulator 82 are identical in structure.
In the above embodiment, before use, the measured optical cable is connected through the coupler 5, and when the optical cable is used, the processor 1 sets parameters according to actual measurement requirements, and sends a command to the laser driving circuit 2, the laser driving circuit 2 sends a control pulse to the detection laser 31 and the broadband light source 32, the detection laser 31 and the broadband light source 32 generate a corresponding optical pulse, and the sent light enters the optical cable 11 through the wavelength division multiplexer 4 and the coupler 5.
Light emitted by the two light sources enters the optical cable 11 through the wavelength division multiplexer 4, the positioning grating 6 comprises two reflection gratings, the reflectivity is less than 20%, the central wavelength of the reflection light waves is within the wavelength range of the light waves output by the broadband light source 32, when the light passes through the first positioning grating 6, the light waves emitted by the detection laser 31 can pass through the positioning grating 6 without loss, when the light waves emitted by the broadband light source 32 pass through the positioning grating 6, a part of the light waves can be reflected back to the coupler 5, and the rest is done in the same way.
When light is transmitted in the optical fiber, rayleigh scattering occurs, wherein part of scattered light returns to the coupler 5 according to the original optical path, when a break point occurs in the optical fiber, fresnel reflection occurs at the break point, and the reflected light also returns to the coupler 5, so that part of scattered light, reflected light and reflected light of the positioning grating 6 in the optical fiber 11 all return to the coupler 5, the coupler 5 transmits the light into the first demodulation grating 71 through the first circulator 81, because the central wavelengths of reflection of the two gratings of the first demodulation grating 71 are the same as the central wavelength of the positioning grating 6, and the reflectivity is 100%, the light wave of the detection laser 31 passes through the first demodulation grating 71 and is transmitted into the first photodetection module 91 without loss, the light wave of the broadband light source 32 is completely reflected into the second circulator 82 and is transmitted into the second demodulation grating 72, because the central wavelength of reflection of the second demodulation grating 72 is the same as the central wavelength of one of reflection gratings of the positioning grating 6, and the reflectivity is 100%, so that the light with the wavelength can be completely reflected and enter the second circulator 82 again, and is transmitted into the third photoelectric detection module 93, the light with the other wavelength can enter the second photoelectric detection module 92 through the second demodulation grating 72 without damage, the three photoelectric detection modules convert the optical signals into electric signals, and transmit the electric signals into the a/D conversion module 10, finally, the acquired data can be transmitted back to the CPU1 for processing, and the processor 1 can respectively draw the data with the three wavelengths into three curves. Two positioning gratings 6 are provided in each positioning grating 6, the wavelengths of the reflected light are 1551nm and 1552nm respectively, fig. 3a is a first positioning grating, the reflectivity is 20% and 20% respectively, and the ratio is 1: fig. 3b shows a second positioning grating with 20% and 15% reflectivity, respectively, and a ratio of 4: 3, the same goes for the same reason, and the ratio of the reflected light of each positioning grating 6 is different; fig. 4 is a final three measurement curves, such as fig. 4a, which is a normal measurement curve, in the case of no fault in the optical cable 11, the curve may be attenuated in a certain form, and the curves generated by the light waves of the broadband light source 32 in fig. 4b and c all have small peaks generated by the positioning gratings 6 at the same positions, which are positioning points of the optical cable 11, and since the ratio of the reflected light of each positioning grating 6 is different, it can be seen that the ratio of the peak amplitudes of each group is significantly different, which corresponds to fig. 3a and fig. 3 b; when the optical cable 11 has a fracture fault, the generated reflected light appears on the curve in the form of a peak, and the peak generated by the fault can be located by observing which two locating points are located between. Generally, because the splitting ratio of the coupler 5 and the reflectivity of the positioning grating 6 are higher, the peak generated by the fault is far more obvious than the peak of the positioning point, so that the positioning point is not mistaken as a fault point, the distance between the two positioning optical fibers is not too far, the range of the fault point is greatly reduced, and the positioning error caused by embedding the optical fibers can be eliminated.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides a following beneficial effect has: the positioning method has the advantages that the actual position of the underground optical fiber fault is positioned, the principle is simple, the positioning is convenient to realize, the positioning grating is added on the optical cable and consists of two gratings with different reflection center wavelengths, each positioning grating has a specific reflection proportion, the geographical points of each positioning grating are convenient to distinguish, the reflection positioning grating adopts a direct series connection mode, no additional optical device is needed, the positioning function is realized, and the positioning method has the advantages of low cost and small optical loss. Meanwhile, the separation of the scattering signals of the positioning light waves and the scattering signals of the detection light waves is realized by adopting a mode of connecting the demodulation grating with a plurality of circulators, and the device has the characteristics of simple structure and low cost.
Example 1
A power communication optical cable fault positioning device comprises a processor 1, a laser driving circuit 2, a detection laser 31, a broadband light source 32, a wavelength division multiplexer 4, a coupler 5, a positioning grating 6, a first demodulation grating 71, a second demodulation grating 72, a first circulator 81, a second circulator 82, a first photoelectric detection module 91, a second photoelectric detection module 92, a third photoelectric detection module 93, an A/D conversion module 10 and an optical cable 11. Wherein, the output electrical port 1a of the processor 1 is connected with the input electrical port of the laser driving circuit 2; two output electrical interfaces of the laser driving circuit 2 are respectively connected with two input electrical interfaces of the detection laser 31 and the broadband light source 32; the optical ports 4a, 4b and 4c of the wavelength division multiplexer 4 are respectively connected with the output optical port of the detection laser 31, the output optical port of the broadband light source 32 and the optical port 5a of the coupler 5; optical ports 5b and 5c of coupler 5 are connected to optical cable 11 and optical port 8a of first circulator 81, respectively; the optical ports 81b and 81c of the first circulator 81 are connected to the optical port of the first demodulation grating 71 and the optical port 82a of the second circulator 82, respectively; the optical ports 82b and 82c of the second circulator 82 are respectively connected with the optical port of the second demodulation grating 72 and the input optical port of the third photodetection module 93; the other optical port of the first demodulation grating 71 is connected to the input optical port of the first photodetection module 91; the other optical port of the second demodulation grating 72 is connected to the input optical port of the second photodetection module 92; three input interfaces and one output interface of the a/D conversion module 10 are respectively connected to the output electrical ports of the first photoelectric detection module 91, the second photoelectric detection module 92 and the third photoelectric detection module 93, and the input electrical port 1b of the processor 1.
In the present embodiment, the wavelength of the emitted light of the detection laser 31 is not within the optical wavelength range of the broadband light source 32, and the wavelength division multiplexer 4 couples the two optical signals of the detection laser 31 and the broadband light source 32 into one optical fiber.
In this embodiment, in the optical cable 11, a group of positioning gratings 6 is connected in series to each geographic node, each group of positioning gratings 6 has two gratings with different reflection wavelengths, the reflectivity of each positioning grating 6 is less than 20%, the reflectivity ratios of the two gratings of different positioning gratings 6 are different, so as to ensure the uniqueness of each positioning grating 6, and the central wavelength of the reflected light wave is within the wavelength range of the light wave output by the broadband light source 32, thereby realizing weak reflection of the light signal output by the broadband light source 32. While the light emitted by the detection laser 31 can pass through the positioning grating 6 without loss.
In this embodiment, the first demodulation grating 71 has two gratings with different reflection wavelengths, the center wavelength of the two gratings is the same as the center wavelength of the positioning grating 6, the two gratings have a reflectivity of 100%, the light wave is completely reflected, and the light wave is sent to the second circulator 82 through the first circulator 81; the second demodulation grating 72 has a grating whose center wavelength is the same as one of the gratings of the positioning grating 6, and whose reflectivity is 100%, and after the light wave is completely reflected, it is sent to the third photodetection module 93 through the second circulator 82.
In the present embodiment, the first photo-detection module 91 receives a back scattering signal of the light wave emitted by the detection laser 31 on the optical cable 11; the second photoelectric detection module 92 receives a back scattering signal of the emitted light wave of the broadband light source 32 on the optical cable 11 and a reflection signal of a first grating of the positioning grating 6; the third photo-detection module 93 receives the back-scattered signal of the emitted light wave of the broadband light source 32 on the optical cable 11 and the reflected signal of the second grating of the positioning grating 6.
In the present embodiment, the first photo-detection module 91, the second photo-detection module 92 and the third photo-detection module 93 have the same structure; the first circulator 81 and the second circulator 82 are identical in structure.
The utility model discloses well treater 1 is responsible for the configuration, the flow control and the data processing of acquisition parameter, and the model of treater can be for: cyclone IV series FPGA, EP4CE 22; the utility model mainly provides a receiving and reflect meter for light wave is applied to electric power communication optical cable fault location, and it is simple to have the principle, and it is convenient to realize.
In addition the utility model discloses well survey the model of laser instrument and be: the output power of the coaxial pulse FP laser of the Bokes photoelectricity is 30mW, and a single-mode optical fiber is adopted; the model of the broadband light source is as follows: denselight corporation, model DL-CS 5169A; the wavelength division multiplexer has the following model: adopting a space photoelectric tapered WDM; the type of the coupler is as follows: a femto photoelectric FBT coupler is adopted; the model of the photoelectric detection module is as follows: a Bokes photoelectric pigtail type InGaAs avalanche detector; the types of the circulator are as follows: a flying photoelectric 3-port polarization-independent circulator is adopted; the types of the positioning grating and the demodulation grating are as follows: a grating for optical communication of Taichen; photoelectric detection module: a Bokes photoelectric pigtail type InGaAs avalanche detector; the type of the A/D conversion module is as follows: conradkonnad, C2000 MDI 8.
The technical principle of the present invention has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, which are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The utility model discloses a scope of protection not only limits in above-mentioned embodiment, and the all belongings the utility model discloses a technical scheme under the thinking all belongs to the utility model discloses a scope of protection. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other embodiments of the invention can be devised which do not require inventive effort and which fall within the scope of the present invention.