CN217178512U

CN217178512U - Plasma activated ammonia gas burner

Info

Publication number: CN217178512U
Application number: CN202220954750.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程诚; 兰彦; 方世东; 丁军; 李海燕
Original assignee: Institute of Energy of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center
Current assignee: Institute of Energy of Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center
Priority date: 2022-04-24
Filing date: 2022-04-24
Publication date: 2022-08-12
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses a plasma activation ammonia gas combustor, include: the plasma torch comprises a plasma torch power supply system, a control system, an air supply system, a plurality of plasma torch components, a combustion cavity, a connecting component of the plasma torch and the combustion cavity and an injection component of a mixed air source at a nozzle of the plasma torch; the plasma torch component is connected with a plasma power supply and a control system, the gas supply system is connected with the injection component of the mixed gas source at the nozzle of the plasma torch, and the plasma torch component is connected with the combustion cavity through the connecting component of the plasma torch and the combustion cavity. The utility model discloses a plasma torch ionization ammonia utilizes high temperature and high energy particle to further activate ammonia and air-fuel mixture simultaneously for the combustion characteristic of ammonia improves by a wide margin, solves the problem of current ammonia direct combustion difficulty, realizes that ammonia replaces buggy or natural gas to be used for coal-fired boiler or heavy gas turbine.

Description

Plasma activated ammonia gas burner

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an ammonia auxiliary combustion field, concretely relates to make combustor of its combustion characteristic optimization through plasma activation ammonia.

Background

Ammonia gas is a nitrogen-hydrogen compound, is directly combusted, does not emit carbon dioxide, is easily changed into liquid at low temperature, is convenient to store, and becomes an ideal hydrogen carrier. Since ammonia is catalytically or otherwise reformed into hydrogen, some energy is consumed and hydrogen storage equipment is still required. Therefore, the ammonia gas is directly used as fuel to be combusted to obtain the heat value for power generation, and the method has important significance for carbon dioxide emission reduction of the coal-fired boiler. The flame propagation is slow during the combustion of the ammonia gas, and the combustion is unstable, so the ammonia gas is not easy to ignite in the air, and the ammonia gas is limited to be used as fuel in a coal-fired boiler or a gas turbine. The plasma ionizes ammonia gas into chemically reactive ionic, excited and free radical forms (e.g., H) ^- ，H ⁺ ，H，H ₂ Etc.) to improve its combustion characteristics and achieve easier combustion in an air environment. Thereby solving the above-mentioned problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem of the utility model is solved: overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a self-stabilizing arc long plasma torch burner, can effectively improve the stability of arc discharge, increase the length of plasma jet, improve the energy utilization rate of a plasma source, and fully activate ammonia gas to ensure that the ammonia gas is ionized and cracked into ionic state, excited state and free radical form (H, H) ₂ ，H ^- ，H ⁺ ) The combustion characteristic is improved, and the problems of difficult and unstable combustion are solved.

The utility model provides a following technical scheme: a plasma activated ammonia burner comprising: the plasma torch gas supply system comprises a plasma torch power supply system (1), a control system (2), a gas supply system (3), a plurality of plasma torch components (4), a combustion cavity (5), a connecting component (6) for the plasma torch and the combustion cavity and an injection component (7) for a mixed gas source at a plasma torch nozzle; the plasma torch component (4) is connected with the plasma torch power supply system (1) and the control system (2), the gas supply system (3) is connected with the plasma torch component (4) and the injection component (7) of the mixed gas source at the nozzle of the plasma torch, and the plasma torch component (4) is connected with the combustion cavity (5) through the connecting component (6) of the plasma torch and the combustion cavity.

Under the action of the long plasma jet torch, the ammonia gas entering the plasma jet torch area from the gas supply system (3) is ionized and decomposed into ionic state, excited state and free radical form (H, H) ₂ ，H ^- ，H ⁺ ) The substances have good combustion characteristics and can be rapidly combusted under the action of air and plasma jet, so that the problems of high ignition point and unstable combustion of ammonia gas are solved.

The plasma torch component (4) comprises an anode electrode (9), a cathode electrode (10) and an insulating part (11), wherein the anode electrode (9) and the cathode electrode (10) are connected through the insulating part (11) to form a plasma arc discharge cavity, and the anode electrode (9) is positioned on the axial line of the cathode electrode (10). The anode electrode is positioned on the axial line of the cathode electrode, so as to ensure that the distance between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode is symmetrical, and when a power supply system of the plasma torch provides enough ignition voltage, stable arc discharge is realized between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode.

The air supply system (3) comprises an ammonia gas supply system (12), a compressed air system (13), an air supply adjusting part (14) and an air supply passage (15); ammonia gas and compressed air that ammonia gas air supply system (12) and compressed air system (13) produced warp air feed adjusting part (14) and air feed passageway (15) get into the injection of plasma torch nozzle department mixed gas sourceThe components (7) are mixed and then sprayed out from a nozzle of a plasma torch component (4), a sufficient amount of mixed gas of ammonia and air is introduced from the outside of the plasma torch component, plasma torch jet flow is injected near the nozzle of the plasma torch, and the mixed gas of ammonia and air injected in the plasma torch is activated by utilizing energetic electrons, ions, excited state particles, free radicals and high temperature in the plasma torch to form forms (H, H) of ionic state, excited state and free radicals ₂ ，H ^- ，H ⁺ ) The combustion characteristic of the ammonia is improved, and the combustion of the ammonia with large flow is realized.

The insulating part (11) is made of high-temperature-resistant processed ceramic, a fixing device for fixing the anode electrode (9) and the cathode electrode (10) and an air inlet are arranged on the insulating part (11), and the air inlet is a connecting port of an air supply system and the plasma arc discharge cavity.

The plasma activated ammonia burner is further provided with a water cooling protection system (8), the water cooling protection system (8) is connected with the plasma torch component (4) and the injection component (7) of the mixed gas source at the nozzle of the plasma torch to generate a stable and efficient plasma long-jet torch, and the stable and efficient plasma long-jet torch is used for providing cooling protection for the plasma torch component (4), the connecting component (6) of the plasma torch and a combustion cavity, the injection component (7) of the mixed gas source at the nozzle of the plasma torch, the anode electrode (9), the cathode electrode (10) and the insulating component (11).

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses can effectively ionize the ammonia through the plasma torch to further activate through the ammonia and the air-fuel mixture of plasma torch high temperature and high energy particle with the injection subassembly of plasma torch nozzle department mixed air supply, make the burning characteristic of ammonia improve by a wide margin, effectively solve the problem that current ammonia is unsuitable direct combustion, effectively solve the ammonia and be used for coal electric boiler or heavy gas turbine to replace buggy or the not enough problem of natural gas fuel value.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a plasma activated ammonia burner of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the plasma torch assembly of the present invention.

In fig. 1, the list of components represented by the various reference numbers is as follows:

1-a plasma torch power supply system, 2-a control system, 3-an air supply system, 4-a plurality of plasma torch components, 5-a combustion chamber, 6-a connecting component of a plasma torch and the combustion chamber, 7-an injection component of a mixed air source at a nozzle of the plasma torch, 8-a water-cooling protection system, 9-an anode electrode, 10-a cathode electrode, 11-an insulating part, 12-an ammonia air supply system, 13-a compressed air system, 14-an air supply adjusting part and 15-an air supply passage.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a plasma activated ammonia burner according to an embodiment of the present invention is described, including a plasma torch power system 1, a control system 2, a gas supply system 3, a plurality of plasma torch components 4, a combustion chamber 5, a connection component 6 for a plasma torch and the combustion chamber, an injection component 7 for a mixed gas source at a plasma torch nozzle, a water-cooling protection system 8, wherein the plasma torch power system 1 is electrically connected to the control system 2, the plurality of plasma torch components 4 are electrically connected to the plasma torch power system 1, the plurality of plasma torch components 4 are connected to the gas supply system 3, air or ammonia is provided as a working gas for the plasma torch components 4 through the gas supply system 3, the plurality of plasma torch components 4 are connected to the combustion chamber 5 through the connection component 6 for the plasma torch and the combustion chamber, the plurality of plasma torch components 4 can form a stable and efficient plasma long jet torch through arc discharge, in order to ensure the working stability of the plasma torch, the flow of directly input working gas is limited, the requirement of large-flow ammonia gas combustion cannot be met, therefore, enough mixed gas of ammonia and air is needed to be introduced on the basis, the injection assembly 7 of the mixed gas source at the nozzle of the plasma torch is connected with the gas supply system 3 and the water-cooling protection system 8, additional ammonia and air mixture gas is provided near the jets of several plasma torch assemblies 4 by the gas supply system 3, the secondary excitation combustion device is used for secondary excitation combustion, so that the problem that the amount of the activated ammonia gas is insufficient due to direct ionization of the plasma torch can be solved, and the high-energy particles of the plasma torch and the ammonia gas and the air which are secondarily introduced through high-temperature activation are used for becoming mixed gas with high combustion characteristics, so that the utilization efficiency of the plasma torch is improved.

The plasma torch component 4 mainly comprises a water-cooling protection system 8, an anode electrode 9, a cathode electrode 10, an insulating part 11, an ammonia gas supply system 12, a compressed air system 13, an air supply adjusting part 14 and an air supply passage 15, wherein the anode electrode 9 is connected with the cathode electrode 10 through the insulating part 11, the anode electrode 9 is positioned on the axis of the cathode electrode 10 to form a plasma arc discharge cavity and generate stable plasma arc discharge, and the water-cooling protection system is connected with the anode electrode, the cathode electrode, a connecting component of a plasma torch and a combustion cavity and an injection component of a mixed gas source at a plasma torch nozzle to provide a cooling effect so as to prolong the service life of the anode electrode, the cathode electrode, the connecting component of the plasma torch and the combustion cavity and the injection component of the mixed gas source at the plasma torch nozzle.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not exhaustive or restrictive of all of the details of the preferred embodiments, and the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A plasma activated ammonia gas burner, comprising: the plasma torch gas supply system comprises a plasma torch power supply system (1), a control system (2), a gas supply system (3), a plurality of plasma torch components (4), a combustion cavity (5), a connecting component (6) for the plasma torch and the combustion cavity and an injection component (7) for a mixed gas source at a plasma torch nozzle; the plasma torch component (4) is connected with the plasma torch power supply system (1) and the control system (2), the gas supply system (3) is connected with the plasma torch component (4) and the injection component (7) of the mixed gas source at the nozzle of the plasma torch, and the plasma torch component (4) is connected with the combustion cavity (5) through the connecting component (6) of the plasma torch and the combustion cavity.

2. The plasma activated ammonia gas burner of claim 1, wherein: the plasma torch component (4) comprises an anode electrode (9), a cathode electrode (10) and an insulating part (11), wherein the anode electrode (9) and the cathode electrode (10) are connected through the insulating part (11) to form a plasma arc discharge cavity, and the anode electrode (9) is positioned on the axial line of the cathode electrode (10).

3. The plasma activated ammonia gas burner of claim 1, wherein: the air supply system (3) comprises an ammonia gas supply system (12), a compressed air system (13), an air supply adjusting part (14) and an air supply passage (15); the ammonia and the compressed air generated by the ammonia gas supply system (12) and the compressed air system (13) enter the gas supply adjusting part (14) and the gas supply passage (15) and are ejected out from the nozzle of the plasma torch component (4) after being mixed by the injection component (7) of the mixed gas source at the nozzle of the plasma torch.

4. The plasma activated ammonia gas burner of claim 2, wherein: the insulating part (11) is made of high-temperature-resistant processed ceramic, a fixing device for fixing the anode electrode (9) and the cathode electrode (10) and an air inlet are arranged on the insulating part (11), and the air inlet is a connecting port of an air supply system and the plasma arc discharge cavity.

5. The plasma activated ammonia burner of claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein: still be equipped with water-cooling protection system (8), water-cooling protection system (8) are connected with plasma torch subassembly (4) and injection subassembly (7) of plasma torch nozzle department mixed gas source, produce stable efficient long jet torch of plasma, for a plurality of plasma torch subassemblies (4), plasma torch and combustion chamber's coupling assembling (6), injection subassembly (7) of plasma torch nozzle department mixed gas source, anode electrode (9), cathode electrode (10), insulating part (11) provide the cooling protection.